CN102754182A - Electrode system of a linear ion trap - Google Patents

Electrode system of a linear ion trap Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102754182A
CN102754182A CN2010800634261A CN201080063426A CN102754182A CN 102754182 A CN102754182 A CN 102754182A CN 2010800634261 A CN2010800634261 A CN 2010800634261A CN 201080063426 A CN201080063426 A CN 201080063426A CN 102754182 A CN102754182 A CN 102754182A
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electrode
ion
trap
angle
electrodes
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CN102754182B (en
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米哈依尔·尤利耶维奇·苏达科夫
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Shimadzu Corp
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Shimadzu Corp
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J49/00Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
    • H01J49/26Mass spectrometers or separator tubes
    • H01J49/34Dynamic spectrometers
    • H01J49/42Stability-of-path spectrometers, e.g. monopole, quadrupole, multipole, farvitrons
    • H01J49/4205Device types
    • H01J49/422Two-dimensional RF ion traps
    • H01J49/4225Multipole linear ion traps, e.g. quadrupoles, hexapoles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J49/00Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
    • H01J49/26Mass spectrometers or separator tubes
    • H01J49/34Dynamic spectrometers
    • H01J49/42Stability-of-path spectrometers, e.g. monopole, quadrupole, multipole, farvitrons
    • H01J49/4205Device types
    • H01J49/422Two-dimensional RF ion traps
    • H01J49/423Two-dimensional RF ion traps with radial ejection

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electron Tubes For Measurement (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)

Abstract

Invention relates to the field of mass spectrometry, in particular it relates to design of a linear ion trap and its electrode system which forms a trapping field. Claimed electrode system of a linear ion trap has four electrodes, each pair oppositely located. Plains of symmetry of electrode pairs are perpendicular to each other. Difference from prototype is that each electrode of at least one pair has in a cross section substantially a shape of isosceles triangle. Top of the triangle is directed towards longitudinal axis of the trap. The best result is achieved when angle between shoulders of the triangle is from 130 DEG to 152 DEG . In other words, angle between working surfaces of electrodes is 130- 152 DEG . The width of slit for ejecting ions in such electrode is less than 24% of the inscribed radius of the trap. Suggested electrode system for a linear ion trap allows achieving high resolving power which is comparable with resolution of ion traps of hyperbolic geometry, i.e. significantly higher than can be achieved by prototype ion traps. At the same time the working surface of electrodes in proposed system is composed of flat surfaces, which are placed at certain angle to each other, with top of angle directed towards ion trap axis. Manufacturing of such electrodes is much simpler. Angle in the region of ejection slit compensates for local reduction of the field strength.

Description

The electrode system of linear ion hydrazine
Technical field
The present invention relates to the field of mass spectral analysis, especially, the present invention relates to the design of the electrode system of the linear ion hydrazine that linear ion hydrazine and formation catch.Ion trap can directly be used to quality analysis, and also can in the mass spectrometer of downstream, be used to catch the preparation of ion cloud a period of time and the ion population that is used for further analyzing.
Background technology
It is well known in the art having the linear ion hydrazines that formed by four elongated shape electrodes of arranging round common axis (trap axis) (shaft-like) of catching the field.Beeline-r from the axis to the electrode surface 0The inscribed radius that is called as " radius " or trap.This is the main geometric parameters of trap.The main distinction in the design of linear ion hydrazine is the shape of the working face of electrode, promptly at the interior shape that defines the electrode of a shape in the radial direction.Generate catching in this trap and be through applying radio-frequency potential RF+ and RF-(promptly hereinafter RF source), positive phase on the electrode of a pair of relative placement, and minus phase corresponding another to electrode on.The amplitude V in RF source RFWith frequency omega also be the major parameter of ion trap because the mass range of the ion that the definition of this amplitude and frequency is caught.The magnetic field that is generated by the AC current potential that changes is the operation that is used to have ion cloud.Positive potential and negative potential (AC+ and AC-) are applied in the electrode of a pair of relative placement.Enter among the resonance with the exciting field ion, ion increases the amplitude of its vibration and can on electrode, occur.In the ion trap with radial spray effect, ion is injected into detector via the slit in the electrode, slit be with the parallel axes of trap be cut.Can in four all electrodes, use spray slits.
The method of the ion manipulation in the ion trap is based on the resonant excitation of ion vibration.The basic frequency (characteristic frequency) of why ion vibration that Here it is should be by clearly definition, and should only depend on mass of ion.In order to reach this purpose, the restoring force of effective current potential of trap should linear be proportional to the distance of ion to the trap axis.Have only quadrupole field to have this specific character.In order to generate quadrupole field, the electrode of trap should have hyp shape, because hyperbola is the equipotential surface of quadrupole field.
United States Patent (USP) 6,797,950 have described the linear ion hydrazine of four extension electrodes with the longitudinal axis arrangement that centers on trap symmetrically, and each electrode has the working face of hyperbolic shape.The manufacturing of hyperbola electrode is complicated and expensive process with accurate assembling.Along with the miniaturization of ion trap, it is difficult more that these problems become.The existence of spray slits is introduced the shape of catching the field with defective (imperfection), causes reducing at slit adjacent to electric field.Because this, the ion trap with hyperbola electrode is more suitable for being designed to have narrow slit, promptly is no more than 10% of inscribed radius.
At United States Patent (USP) 6,838, the ion trap described in 666 satisfies the requirement of miniaturization and manufacturing better.The electrode of this trap is the flat board that extends.Simultaneously, owing to catch a significant skew with respect to four utmost points, this simplification of design causes catching the remarkable degeneration of a shape.Well-known is that magnetic field intensity is weakened at the flat electrode near surface, so the use of plate electrode just is increased in the field decay of spray slits adjacent to.The characteristic frequency of ion becomes and not only depends on mass of ion, also depends on the amplitude of ion vibration.In the amplitude and ion convergence spray slits that increase the ion vibration, ion breaks away from the resonance with exciting field.Therefore, ion does not perhaps arrive detector via slot injection, perhaps injection after significant time-delay, and this can reduce the resolution of quality analysis significantly.
Through changing the current potential along the surface of flat electrode, a shape can improve to a certain extent.Patent application WO 2005/119737 has described a kind of linear ion hydrazine, and wherein flat electrode is divided into a plurality of fillets longitudinally.The RF current potential is applied in fillet in certain proportion.The advantage of this trap is to make electrode by means of printed-board technology.By means of a plurality of fillets of each electrode, the shape of catching the field can be more near four utmost points.Simultaneously, this solution of problem causes the complicated significantly of power supply.
International Patent Application WO 2007/025475 has been described a plurality of designs that are used for mass spectrometric lineation electrode with different working face shape.The shape that those designs have a common characteristic-working face has two or more steps.The part of the design of describing especially has those electrodes of arc step surface, has advantage and the problem identical with the electrode of above-mentioned hyperbolic surface.The electrode with smooth plane step has also been described in mentioned patent application.Kind electrode can form magnetic field near extremely four, and the manufacturing of this electrode is much simpler than the manufacturing of hyperbola electrode.Especially, selected as standard at those electrodes shown in Fig. 1 of application WO 2007/025475 specification.Yet, even those electrodes, neither be immaculate.Spray slits is positioned at the upper planar step of kind electrode.The reducing of resolution that causes quality analysis in the existence of slit areas midplane.
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved by this invention is to simplify electrode design when improving mass spectrometer resolution.Technological achievement is near the compensation of the field decay spray slits.Modification through electrode design has realized target.
The electrode system of the linear ion hydrazine that is proposed has four electrodes, and each is to relatively being placed.The plane of symmetry of electrode pair is vertical each other.What be different from standard type is the cross section with the shape that is essentially isosceles triangle of each electrode of at least one pair of electrode.This leg-of-mutton top is towards the longitudinal axis of trap.Angle between two waists of this isoceles triangle shape be 130 ° in 152 °, obtain optimum.In other words the angle between the working face of electrode is 130 ° to 152 °.The gap width that in kind electrode, is used for ejected ion is less than 24% of the inscribed radius of trap.
Description of drawings
Further explain the efficient of the electrode shape proposed, and enumerate the instance (being three corner electrodes to call kind electrode in the following text for the sake of simplicity) of instrument of the ion trap of electrode with isosceles triangle cross-sectional shape.Below will illustrate the present invention through figure:
Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional projection of ion trap electrodes system.
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross section with ion trap of identical electrodes.
Fig. 3 is that in the ion trap with three corner electrodes, the ion oscillation intensity on the X-direction (excitation direction) is as the function of time t; And the figure at the several values place of the angle between leg-of-mutton waist; α=140 ° among the A figure wherein, α=142 ° among the B figure are among the C figure during α=134 °.
Fig. 4 is in the angle [alpha] of three corner electrodes=140 °, and the excitation pulse amplitude is when a plurality of different numerical value, and the quality of from ion trap, spraying in each unit interval is the chart of the number (for the function of time t) of the ion of 1891Da, U during wherein a schemes AC=0.4V (resolution 4571), U among the b figure AC=0.5V (resolution 6603), U among the c figure AC=0.6V (resolution 2971).
Fig. 5 be have inscribed radius numerical value be the trap of 5mm under a plurality of different gap widths, the situation that resolution changes with angle [alpha].
Fig. 6 is in the optimum angle alpha that obtains the ultimate resolution place and the relation of spray slits width.
Fig. 7 is the sketch map of viewgraph of cross-section with ion trap of two three corner electrodes and two flat electrodes.
Embodiment
Author of the present invention has realized that when using ion trap as mass spectrometer, can use working face to comprise the linear ion trap electrodes of flat, keeps high-resolution simultaneously.The flat of electrode is adjacent one another are, is built into the prism of the cross section with isosceles triangle shape.It shown in Fig. 1 electrode system with four kind electrodes.(along the trap axis) caught ion in a longitudinal direction, can as (having to show in the drawings) in the standard type, not use the segmentation from the film or the electrode of trap both sides.
The system that is proposed comprises two pairs of electrodes 1.Each to electrode in, electrode is positioned on the relative position.The plane of symmetry of electrode pair is to be vertical each other.The cross section that each had in two electrodes of at least one pair of electrode has the shape of top towards the isosceles triangle of the longitudinal axis of trap basically.Parameter r among Fig. 1 0Be the inscribe radius of a circle between the electrode, α is the angle between the working face 2 of electrode 1.As shown in fig. 1, leg-of-mutton base angle can be excised, and the remainder of working face is made into smooth.In literary composition of the present invention, " isosceles triangle " shape in electrode cross section is appreciated that the shape of the exterior contour that cross section is main.Inner at this profile, promptly in the inside of the electrode at working face 2 back sides, groove 3 can appear with arbitrary shape.In the ion trap design that is proposed, each of two electrodes that a centering is relative all has slit (appointment d is a gap width) longitudinally, is used for to the detector ejected ion, and slit is positioned at leg-of-mutton top, promptly in the electrode plane of symmetry.Above-mentioned excitation potential AC+ and AC-are applied between those electrodes.
Topmost parameter as mass spectrometric ion trap is a resolution, and this resolution equals the ratio of mass of ion to the peak width of the ionic current represented with mass unit.For ion trap definition resolution, carry out the simulation of the quality selective reaonance injection of ion with three corner electrodes to being proposed.
The ion trap with electrode shown in Fig. 2 is wherein used inscribed radius r 0=5mm and gap width d=0.8mm modeling.Periodically catch the RF source and be have duty ratio be 0.5 with amplitude V RFThe bipolarity square-wave signal of=500V.Through increasing the signal period step by step, this shape in RF source is to realize the shape of frequency scanning most convenient.In simulation, square-wave cycle increases 50ps after 20 RF circulations of every completion.
Single charged ion to quality 1891Da carries out modeling.In order to add up better, cluster ion comprises 1000 identical particles.To the random distribution of ion initial alignment is to be that the routine of 0.05mm distributes according to have standard deviation in the radial direction at X and two of Y, corresponding in the heart symmetrical ion cloud in the trap.The initial period in square wave RF source is chosen as near 2.5 μ s, approximately occurs in after the 20-30ms so that the resonance of ion is sprayed.For to having the ion collision modeling of buffer gas, use the rigid ball collision model.Pressure is that the helium under the 0.2mTorr is used as buffer gas.Modeling supposition field does not change with the axial location along trap.This supposition is effective for the core of trap at least.
For the injection of ion, between the comparative electrode of trap, apply additional little excitation signal.In modeling, this exciting voltage (AC) is applied between the electrode on the X-direction, and is as shown in Figure 2.Additional excitation is implemented as has the pulse of positive pole that pulse duration equals the cycle in 1.5 times of main RF sources, and repetition rate is per 3 RF circulation.This excite cause the characteristic frequency of ion near main catch source frequency 1/3 in, produce resonance with the ion vibration.As the result who progressively increases the RF cycle, the characteristic frequency of ion increases, and produces resonance with additional excitation.The amplitude of ion vibration becomes big and arrives the electrode of trap, and the ion penetration slit is parallel to detector.In modeling, arrive the ion counting of detector in Fixed Time Interval, (being generally 20 μ s), and draw the histogram of ionic current.This histogram reflection is from the peak shape of the ion with equal in quality.
For having the linear ion hydrazine that the spray slits width is 0.8mm, can find that the optimum electrode angle that ion sprays is 140 °.Fig. 3 A show for the ion trap with 140 ° of electrode angles along the time domain that excites (X) direction ion vibration amplitude.Greatly about 20ms, ion is absorbed among the resonance with exciting field, and the amplitude of ion vibration begins to increase.Oscillation intensity is even increase, and after another 1.5ms, ion is sprayed along X axle positive direction via slit, because the coordinate of ion becomes bigger than the inscribed radius (5mm) of trap.Although because at random initial condition and with buffer gas molecules collision at random, ion will arrive detector in different time, if increase shown in oscillation intensity such as Fig. 3 A, the span of the injecting time of Approximation Quality ion will be little.Therefore for this situation, can expect high-resolution.
In the electrode angle slightly under the situation greater than optimum angle, shown in the increase of oscillation intensity such as Fig. 3 B.Amplitude slowly increases and remains on for a long time on the level of 4mm in this case, and promptly ion stands long vibration in the slit adjacent to.When under some good RF phase place, entering in the slit areas, though the ion penetration slit arrives detector, the time of spraying is unpredicted.Therefore the time span of ion injecting time shows as very greatly, and resolution is less.Under another situation, when the electrode angle than optimum angle hour (Fig. 3 C), the initial growth of oscillation intensity is interrupted at about 4mm place, and ion from the resonance of exciting field break away from.Amplitude sharply reduces, and ion enters among the resonance with exciting field once more.This process repeats repeatedly, and the motion of ion is just like the beat frequency characteristic shown in Fig. 3 C.The ion of vibration is from the no show spray slits and do not appear on the detector simultaneously.In this case can the increase through excitation amplitudes guarantee the injection of ion, but this also causes comparing with optimal cases the reduction of the big and resolution of the change of injecting time span.
In order to define the resolution of trap, must simulate a large amount of ions, and find the time of injection for each ion.Through this Simulation result, may be plotted in the histogram of the number of ions that sprays under the different time, this will provide peak shape, therefrom can obtain resolution.It shown in Fig. 4 this histogrammic instance with ion trap of 140 ° of electrode angles.Curve " a ", " b ", " c " is corresponding to different excitation pulse amplitude (U among a Ex=0.4V (resolution 4571); U among the b Ex=0.5V (resolution 6603); U among the c Ex=0.6V (resolution 2971)).Best peak shape is under " b " situation.Peak width at half place of maximum is 0.18ms.This width can be represented with mass unit, be regarded as sweep speed.Therefore, be under the situation of 1591Da/s in current modeling sweep speed, peak width is corresponding to Δ M=0.1810 -3* 1591=0.29Da.Resolution is defined as the ratio R=M/ Δ M of mass of ion and peak width, and equals 1891/0.29=6603.
Under a plurality of different gap width situation,, made the modeling of the definition of the identification that similarly has the excitation pulse best amplitude and ultimate resolution for the ion trap with three corner electrodes of comparative electrode angle.The result as shown in Figure 5.
Ultimate resolution 6600 is 0.8mm (perhaps 16% of inscribed radius) in gap width, obtains when the electrode angle is 140 °.What deserves to be mentioned is that this resolution under condition of similarity is only to obtain in the ion trap with hyperbolic electrode.The chart of the resolution of comparative electrode angle be presented at high angle (greater than 140 °) resolution rapid be reduced to hundreds of, simultaneously smaller angle resolution be gradually be reduced to 2000, this moment, the electrode angle was 130 °.Although resolution 2000 is not high especially, but still be twice with the ultimate resolution that can obtain in the ion trap of flat electrode.Therefore be with practical value from 140 ° to 130 ° angular range.In gap width is the less gap width (perhaps 8% of inscribed radius) of 0.4mm, and best angle is to 148 ° of transfers of high value.Ultimate resolution is varied down to 6000 slightly, although remain high value.In others, the curve the when variation of this curve is similar to gap width and is 0.8mm.Ultimate resolution when gap width is 1.2mm (perhaps 24% of inscribed radius) is merely 2000, and best angle is 130 °.
To the ion trap of three corner electrodes with zero gap width, promptly there is not the ion trap of slit, set up similar modeling.In this case, ion can't be injected into detector, and disappears on the electrode.Although this trap cannot be used as mass spectrometer, this device can be used for preparing ion cloud into the analysis by means of the mass spectrometric further stage of downstream.Through resonant excitation, can remove unwanted ion on electrode, and the ion of desirable quality is stayed in the ion trap capacity.Therefore do not have the measurement of the ion trap intermediate-resolution of slit and not only have only theoretical value.According to the curve in Fig. 5, best angle is 152 ° in this case, and ultimate resolution surpasses 4000.
The result of definition best angle is summarized among Fig. 6.Solid-line curve among this figure is corresponding to the angle value that under corresponding gap width, obtains the ultimate resolution place.The shadow region is not less than the angular range at peaked 80% place corresponding to resolution.From chart, can draw, depend on gap width from 130 ° to 152 ° angular regions, be with practical value for ion trap with three corner electrodes.
According to as stated, the resolution of trap is defined by the structure of the electric field that the trap electrode generates.When the size of trap is proportional when dwindling or increasing, do not change this definition afterwards.Why even Here it is has been the ion trap modeling with 5mm inscribed radius, if use the ion trap of different inscribed radius, the quality of ion trap operation will can not reduce, and advises that other all sizes is to change pro rata.Why Here it is can confirm if gap width equates with the counterpart of inscribed radius, and the angular regions that shows among Fig. 6 will be identical for the ion trap with the geometry described in the present invention.Therefore gap width is that the upper bound of 1.2mm is corresponding to 24% of inscribed radius in Fig. 6.
Fig. 7 shows be have on the X-direction three corner electrodes with the viewgraph of cross-section of the core of the trap of simple flat electrode on Y direction.The optimum electrode angle of this trap can be through method definition as stated.Therefore this geometry becomes a member of trap described in the invention " series ".
Be from the above proposition as follows; The electrode system that is used for linear ion hydrazine allows to obtain high-resolution; This resolution has comparativity with respect to the resolution of the ion trap with hyperbolic geometry shape, promptly is higher than the resolution that can obtain through the standard ionomer trap significantly.The working face of the electrode in the system that is proposed is made up of the plane simultaneously, and these planes are placed with specific angle each other, and the top of angle is towards the ion trap axle.The manufacturing of kind electrode is simply many.The local attenuation of the angle compensation field intensity in the zone of spray slits.

Claims (3)

1. the electrode system of a linear ion hydrazine; It is characterized in that; Said electrode system has by four electrodes placing relatively in couples; The plane of symmetry of electrode pair is mutually orthogonal, and the said electrode of each of at least one pair of said electrode has the cross section that is essentially the isosceles triangle shape, and the top of said isosceles triangle is towards the longitudinal axis of said trap.
2. electrode system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the angle between the said leg-of-mutton limit is within 130 ° to 152 ° scope.
3. like claim 1 and 2 described electrode systems, it is characterized in that said each electrode has the slit that is used for ejected ion, said slit is positioned at the plane of electrode symmetry, and the width of said slit be not more than said trap inscribed radius 24%.
CN201080063426.1A 2010-02-11 2010-09-06 The electrode system of linear ion hydrazine Active CN102754182B (en)

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RU2010104792/07A RU2466475C2 (en) 2010-02-11 2010-02-11 Electrode system of linear ion trap
RU2010104792 2010-02-11
PCT/RU2010/000494 WO2011099889A1 (en) 2010-02-11 2010-09-06 Electrode system of a linear ion trap

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CN103714878A (en) * 2014-01-15 2014-04-09 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 Integrated ion trapping device
CN103903954A (en) * 2014-03-13 2014-07-02 复旦大学 Linear ion trap
CN103928288A (en) * 2014-04-17 2014-07-16 复旦大学 Triangular circular ring ion trap for ion storage and quality analysis
CN107104032A (en) * 2017-06-07 2017-08-29 苏州大学 Linear ion hydrazine, mass spectrograph and method based on asymmetric triangular-shaped electrodes
CN111986979A (en) * 2019-05-21 2020-11-24 塞莫费雪科学(不来梅)有限公司 Improved electrode arrangement

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CN103714878A (en) * 2014-01-15 2014-04-09 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 Integrated ion trapping device
CN103903954A (en) * 2014-03-13 2014-07-02 复旦大学 Linear ion trap
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CN103928288A (en) * 2014-04-17 2014-07-16 复旦大学 Triangular circular ring ion trap for ion storage and quality analysis
CN107104032A (en) * 2017-06-07 2017-08-29 苏州大学 Linear ion hydrazine, mass spectrograph and method based on asymmetric triangular-shaped electrodes
CN111986979A (en) * 2019-05-21 2020-11-24 塞莫费雪科学(不来梅)有限公司 Improved electrode arrangement

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RU2466475C2 (en) 2012-11-10
EP2534670B1 (en) 2018-07-25
RU2010104792A (en) 2011-08-20
CN102754182B (en) 2015-08-26
EP2534670A1 (en) 2012-12-19
WO2011099889A1 (en) 2011-08-18

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