CN102751524A - Microbial fuel cell without membrane - Google Patents
Microbial fuel cell without membrane Download PDFInfo
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- CN102751524A CN102751524A CN2011100958799A CN201110095879A CN102751524A CN 102751524 A CN102751524 A CN 102751524A CN 2011100958799 A CN2011100958799 A CN 2011100958799A CN 201110095879 A CN201110095879 A CN 201110095879A CN 102751524 A CN102751524 A CN 102751524A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a microbial fuel cell without membrane. The cell includes a cylindrical reactor (8), a cathode (1) and an anode (3). The cylindrical reactor (8) employs a reducing structure; the cathode (1) is arranged on the reducing structure position at an upper part of the cylindrical reactor (8); an upper part of the cathode (1) is exposed in the air, and a lower part of the cathode (1) is immersed into a reaction solution; the anode (3) is arranged on a lower part of the cylindrical reactor (8); and a cross-sectional area ratio of the cathode (1) to the anode (3) is higher than 2. Compared with an existing reactor, the MFC reactor of the invention has the following obvious advantages: (1) high power density of electricity generation; (2) low structure and operation costs; and (3) easiness for modularization and amplification.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the clear energy sources field, particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of membraneless microbiological fuel cell.
Background technology
Along with development economic and society, on the one hand, human society is growing to demands for energy; On the other hand, chemical oxygen demand (COD) discharge capacity cumulative year after year in industry and sanitary wastewater discharge capacity and the waste water.The discharging of industrial wastewater and sanitary sewage, to environment, economy has caused very big destruction.In conventional sewage disposal, the aeration oxygen supply consumes lot of energy.And Anaerobic Microbiological Treatment Technology, its greenhouse effect of the methane of generation is 20 times of carbon dioxide, and damages the ozone layer, and reclaims combustion power generation, receives Carnot cycle restriction utilance low.
Microbiological fuel cell (MFC) is that waste water treatment and energy generation provide a kind of new method.MFC utilizes microbe as catalyst, and degradation of organic substances is converted into chemical energy in the device of electric energy.Its biggest advantage is to have realized the step conversion from the waste water treatment to the energy recuperation, has excellent economic benefit and good benefits in environment.In addition, the MFC electricity generation process does not receive the restriction of Carnot cycle, and theoretical yield is high; The substrate wide accommodation, in principle so long as biodegradable reductive organic matter, inorganic matter all can be used as fuel; Catalyst is a microbe, has self-replacation, advantages such as renewal; Operating condition is gentle; Energy carrier cleaning etc.These characteristics of MFC make it that very tempting application prospect arranged aspect the waste water reclaiming processing.
At present, the principal element used of restriction MFC is low electrogenesis power density and higher constructions cost.Therefore design high power density, MFC low-cost and that be easy to amplify has very important significance.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provides a kind of membraneless microbiological fuel cell in order to overcome the problems referred to above.
To achieve these goals, membraneless microbiological fuel cell of the present invention comprises: cylindricality reactor 8, negative electrode 1 and anode 3, it is characterized in that,
Described cylindricality reactor 8 adopts variable-diameter structure, and described negative electrode 1 is arranged at variable-diameter structure place, cylindricality reactor 8 top, and the upper exposed of negative electrode 1 is in air, and the bottom is immersed in the reactant liquor; Anode 3 is arranged at cylindricality reactor 8 bottoms, and wherein negative electrode 1 cross-sectional area and the ratio of anode 3 cross-sectional areas are greater than 2.
Described negative electrode 1 adopts and is coated with the platinum graphite felt, and described anode 3 is piled up by some graphite felt and formed.
Described cylindricality reactor 8 adopts glass reactor, and described cylindricality reactor 8 lower ends one side is provided with outlet water control valve 4.
Connect and compose the loop through lead 5 and resistance 6 or power device between described negative electrode 1 and the anode 2; Described lead 5 is a titanium wire, and the parallel connection of described resistance 6 two ends inserts voltmeter 7, is used for the mensuration of resistance 6 voltage.
The present invention reduces constructions cost and operating cost in order to improve the power density of MFC, has taked following technical scheme:
(1) reactor of the present invention is that top is big, and little little cylindrical glass reactor, the negative electrode cross-sectional area of reactor be much larger than the anode cross-sectional area, thereby helps the reduction reaction of negative electrode oxygen, has improved the electrogenesis power density of MFC greatly.
(2) cathode material of the present invention is the surperficial graphite felt that is loaded with platinum, and negative electrode graphite felt porosity is bigger, helps the diffusion of oxygen; Simultaneously, negative electrode is directly exposed in the middle of the air, need not aeration, and this greatly reduces the operating cost of MFC.
(3) anode of the present invention is for piling up graphite felt, and the graphite felt heap has bigger specific area, not only is easy to the electrogenesis bacterium adsorbedly, and good resistance to corrosion is arranged; Graphite felt is piled up, and has increased the electrogenesis bacterium quantity on the anode, and then has improved the electrogenesis power density of MFC; Graphite felt before use, its surface needs the electrogenesis bacterium of enrichment in inoculation anaerobic digestion mud.
(4) there is not film between negative electrode of the present invention and the anode; The removal of amberplex; Not only reduce the constructions cost of MFC, also quickened the diffusion of proton from the anode to the negative electrode simultaneously, reduced the internal resistance of MFC; Improved output voltage, adopted titanium wire to connect between anode and the negative electrode with good corrosion-resisting function.
In addition; Be a variable resistor on the external circuit of the present invention, read the size of current in the counting circuit through ohmically voltmeter, voltage data is kept among the system through data collecting card; Change the size of resistance, can calculate polarization curve and the maximum power density of MFC.Reactor bottom of the present invention has outlet water control valve, is used to control liquid level and the waste liquid of getting rid of in the reactor in the reactor.
Reactor of the present invention adopts cylindrical structural, is easy to carry out modularization through series connection and parallel connection and amplifies, and is applicable to handle various organic wastewaters and while electrogenesis.Simultaneously, this reacting appliance simple structure is easy to clean, and is applicable to that feed liquor carries out waste water treatment and electrogenesis in batches.
The present invention has adopted cylindricality glass reactor top big, and the bottom is little, and the negative electrode cross-sectional area has improved the power output of battery greatly much larger than the characteristics of anode cross-sectional area; Do not have film between this reactor cathode chamber and the anode chamber simultaneously, both reduced constructions cost, be convenient to modularization again and amplify.Negative electrode is directly exposed in the air, need not aeration, has reduced operating cost; Anode is piled up by graphite felt and forms, and more voluminous electric bacterium is adsorbed on it, has improved the electrogenesis power density.Cost of the present invention is low, and the electrogenesis power density is big, is easy to carry out modularization through series connection and parallel connection and amplifies, and is applicable to handle multiple organic wastewater and while electrogenesis, therefore improves the power density of MFC through above improvement, reduces constructions cost and operating cost,
In a word, MFC reactor of the present invention is compared with existing reactors and had following remarkable advantage: (1) electrogenesis power density is high; (2) structure and operating cost are low; (3) being easy to modularization amplifies.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of membraneless microbiological fuel cell of the present invention.
The accompanying drawing sign
1, negative electrode 2, organic wastewater 3, anode
4, outlet water control valve 5, lead 6, resistance
7, voltmeter 8, cylindricality reactor
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1; Anode 3 is placed MFC cylindricality reactor 8 inside, negative electrode 1 (being coated with the platinum graphite felt) is placed MFC reactor top, through lead 5 anode and cathode is coupled together then; External circuit is through resistance 6; With the two ends that voltmeter 7 is received resistance 6, resistance value is fixed as 100 Ω, and voltmeter output numerical value is stored in the storage system through data collecting card.Close outlet water control valve 4,10mL electrogenesis bacterium of enrichment from anaerobic digestion mud is inoculated into MFC anode 3 (graphite felt accumulation electrode).Press table 1 recipe configuration 100mL organic wastewater 2, remove the dissolved oxygen in the waste water through the nitrogen that exposes to the sun, with syringe waste water is joined in the reactor, liquid level should just arrive negative electrode in the reactor, and beginning MFC handles the experiment of waste water electrogenesis.Measure the voltage at resistance 6 two ends on the external circuit through voltmeter 7.Anode microbial degradation sodium acetate is carbon dioxide, electronics and proton, and electronics is delivered to negative electrode through external circuit, and proton arrives negative electrode through the Solution Diffusion effect; The electronics, proton and the oxygen reaction that arrive negative electrode generate water, the mobile formation electric current of electronics and proton.Output voltage can slowly increase in the experiment, and output voltage can reach stable in 2-4 days, and voltage can continue 1-2 days under stable status, and when the COD concentration in the waste water was reduced to certain level, output voltage can reduce rapidly, at this moment stopped to test.Open outlet water control valve 4, measure the COD concentration of processed waste water.By the voltage data in the storage system, the electric current in the counting circuit, coulombic efficiency and reactor electrogenesis power density.The output voltage of this battery is about 240mV, and the COD clearance reaches 87.6%, and coulombic efficiency is 31.8%.Compare with other some microbiological fuel cells, its output voltage, COD clearance and coulombic efficiency improve comparatively remarkable, and this mainly is because the rate of reduction of oxygen has been quickened in the increase of cathode area.
Table 1 artificial wastewater prescription
Embodiment 2
As implement 1 reactor and reaction condition, when the MFC output voltage stabilization is, the resistance value that changes resistance 6 is 10 Ω, 20 Ω, 30 Ω, 40 Ω, 50 Ω, 60 Ω, 80 Ω, 100 Ω, 200 Ω, 400 Ω, 600 Ω, measures the magnitude of voltage of voltmeter 7.By the maximum electrogenesis power density of these magnitudes of voltage calculating MFC, the internal resistance of cell.The maximum power density that draws this battery is 7.6W/m
3, the internal resistance of cell is 60 Ω.Compare with present microbiological fuel cell, its maximum power density has increased more than one times, and the internal resistance of cell has reduced about half.Reducing of internal resistance is the no membrane structure owing to battery, and the raising of power density then is to come from the negative electrode cross section of increase and the internal resistance that reduces.
Embodiment 3
As implement 1 reactor and reaction condition, when external current obviously descends, open outlet water control valve 4; Drain waste water in the MFC reactor; Close outlet water control valve 4, add the artificial wastewater then from reactor top and arrive negative electrode to liquid level, the waste water treatment and the electrogenesis that begin another batch are tested.Coulombic efficiency, maximum power density and the internal resistance of cell of gained output voltage, COD clearance, battery can repeat above result.
It should be noted last that above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described.Although the present invention is specified with reference to embodiment; Those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that; Technical scheme of the present invention is made amendment or is equal to replacement, do not break away from the spirit and the scope of technical scheme of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. membraneless microbiological fuel cell, this battery comprises cylindricality reactor (8), negative electrode (1) and anode (3), it is characterized in that,
Described cylindricality reactor (8) adopts variable-diameter structure, and described negative electrode (1) is arranged at variable-diameter structure place, cylindricality reactor (8) top, and the upper exposed of this negative electrode (1) is in air, and the bottom is immersed in the reactant liquor; Anode (3) is arranged at cylindricality reactor (8) bottom, and wherein the ratio of negative electrode (1) cross-sectional area and anode (3) cross-sectional area is greater than 2.
2. membraneless microbiological fuel cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described negative electrode (1) adopts and is coated with the platinum graphite felt.
3. membraneless microbiological fuel cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described anode (3) is piled up by some graphite felt and formed.
4. membraneless microbiological fuel cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described cylindricality reactor (8) adopts glass reactor.
5. membraneless microbiological fuel cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described cylindricality reactor (8) lower end one side is provided with outlet water control valve (4).
6. membraneless microbiological fuel cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that, connects and composes the loop through lead (5) and resistance (6) or power device between described negative electrode (1) and the anode (2).
7. membraneless microbiological fuel cell according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described lead (5) is etch-proof titanium wire.
8. membraneless microbiological fuel cell according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the parallel connection of described resistance (6) two ends inserts voltmeter (7), is used for the mensuration of resistance (6) voltage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011100958799A CN102751524A (en) | 2011-04-18 | 2011-04-18 | Microbial fuel cell without membrane |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011100958799A CN102751524A (en) | 2011-04-18 | 2011-04-18 | Microbial fuel cell without membrane |
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| CN102751524A true CN102751524A (en) | 2012-10-24 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017085361A1 (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2017-05-26 | Kemira Oyj | Microbial fuel cell unit, use thereof, and microbial fuel cell arrangement |
| CN108878942A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-11-23 | 浙江工业大学 | Internal circulation airlift microbial fuel cell device and application thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050208343A1 (en) * | 2002-05-14 | 2005-09-22 | Korea Institute Of Science And Technology | Membraneless and mediatorless microbial fuel cell |
| CN101667651A (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2010-03-10 | 南开大学 | Column-shaped microbial fuel cell without ion exchange membrane or mediator |
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2011
- 2011-04-18 CN CN2011100958799A patent/CN102751524A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050208343A1 (en) * | 2002-05-14 | 2005-09-22 | Korea Institute Of Science And Technology | Membraneless and mediatorless microbial fuel cell |
| CN101667651A (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2010-03-10 | 南开大学 | Column-shaped microbial fuel cell without ion exchange membrane or mediator |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| JAE KYUNG JANG等: "Construction and operation of a novel mediator- and membrane-less microbial fuel cell", 《PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY》, vol. 39, no. 8, 30 April 2004 (2004-04-30), pages 1007 - 1012 * |
| 王万成等: "微生物燃料电池运行条件的优化", 《环境化学》, vol. 27, no. 4, 15 July 2008 (2008-07-15), pages 527 - 530 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017085361A1 (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2017-05-26 | Kemira Oyj | Microbial fuel cell unit, use thereof, and microbial fuel cell arrangement |
| CN108292770A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2018-07-17 | 凯米罗总公司 | Microbiological fuel cell unit, its purposes and microbiological fuel cell arrangement |
| CN108878942A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-11-23 | 浙江工业大学 | Internal circulation airlift microbial fuel cell device and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20121024 |