CN102750222A - Method for estimating energy consumption of embedded software based on C programming language - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for estimating energy consumption of embedded software based on C programming language and provides the novel method which is used for quickly predicting the energy consumption of the embedded software and providing a data basis for corresponding energy consumption optimizing research and development work. The method comprises performing researches on a structure of software developed by the C programming language from a source program level, dividing the software energy consumption according to a control structure of a source program, providing methods for estimating energy consumption of a sequential structure, a jump structure, a circulation structure and a function call structure in the program, and providing the method for estimating the energy consumption of the whole program. Experiment results show that compared with the software energy consumption measured by an energy consumption simulator, an error of the software energy consumption calculated by the method is within 10%, and the energy consumption of the embedded software can be accurately reflected.

Description

A kind of embedded software power consumption evaluation method based on the C language

Technical field

The present invention relates to the embedded software power consumption technical field of optimizing, especially relate to a kind of embedded software power consumption evaluation method based on the C language.

Background technology

Under the global energy background that highlights day by day with problem of environmental pollution in short supply, the energy-saving and emission-reduction problem of each ambit receives increasing concern.The whole world has 3,000,000,000 computing machines of surpassing at present, and the year power consumption of these computing machines surpasses 1,000 hundred million kilowatt hours.And in these consume, account for major part with ubiquitous embedded device energy consumption again.Therefore, the energy consumption problem of research embedded device is crucial concerning alleviating the serious day by day energy and environmental problem.

Embedded system partly is made up of embedded hardware part and embedded software, so the energy consumption of embedded system can be divided into hardware energy consumption and software energy consumption two parts.Wherein the hardware energy consumption just is meant system's energy consumption that hardware circuit produced in operational process; And in system's operational process, the execution of software instruction, the storage of data all can drive the hardware circuit activity, and the energy consumption that produces in this case is called software energy consumption.The measurement of embedded software power consumption and estimation are the basic works of carrying out the embedded software power consumption analysis and optimization.

The measurement of embedded software power consumption and evaluation method are had multiple, mainly comprise the hardware platform measuring method; The instruction-level method for estimating power consumption; The source program level method for estimating power consumption.A kind of static parsing method is adopted in the energy consumption estimation of source program level, does not adopt object run platform and simulation run platform, and is more directly perceived more, quick than the estimation of instruction level software energy consumption, more easy of integration with existing developing instrument.The present invention just belongs to the source program level method for estimating power consumption.

Because embedded software adopts the C language development more, the present invention studies the structure of C programmer, has proposed a kind of embedded software power consumption evaluation method based on the C language.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of embedded software power consumption evaluation method based on the C language.

The step that the present invention solves the technical scheme that its technical barrier adopts is following:

1) because C programmer form by sequential organization, redirect structure, loop structure and function call structure, so the energy consumption of C programmer form by the energy consumption of this several sections, that is:

Wherein, The energy consumption of

expression embedded type C program; The energy consumption of sequential organization in

expression c program; The energy consumption of redirect structure in

expression c program; The energy consumption of loop structure in expression c program, the energy consumption of function call in

expression c program;

2)

in the step 1) formula adopts following method to calculate:

Definition data structure:

Struct variable // variable

{

Int variable_kind; // types of variables

Char* variable_name; // variable name

Char* variable_value; // with the value of character string forms storage of variables

Struct variable* next; Next variable structure of // sensing

};

Struct operator // operational symbol

{

Int operator_kind; // operational symbol type

Int operator_treat; When // computing takes place, transform, by the type of process after transforming like need

Int operator_time; // this operational symbol occurrence number is defaulted as 0

Struct operator* next; Next operator structure of // sensing

};

Struct variable_energy // variable energy consumption

{

Int variable_time; // variable occurrence number

Double variable_energy; // variable power consumption values

};

Struct variable* v_list; // variable chained list

Struct variable_energy v_energy [VAR]; // variable energy consumption table

The computing method of

: traversal v_list chained list; Calculate the identical node number of variable_kind; And be stored among the variable_time of respective type node in the v_energy table; The length VAR of table v_energy is the number of whole C linguistic variable types; After the processing that finishes the whole C program; Traversal v_energy table; Variable_time and variable_energy are multiplied each other, obtain the total energy consumption of every type of variable, every type of variable total energy consumption is added up just gets

;

3)

in the step 1) formula adopts following method to calculate:

At first judge redirect structure correct path in the process of implementation according to Fundamentals of Compiling; Obtain correct run time version; Then the run time version of correct in order structure handle, draw the power consumption values

of redirect structure;

4)

adopts following method to calculate in the step 1) formula:

At first judge the round-robin number of times in the loop structure implementation; Structure treatment loop body in order then; Combine loop body at last; And cycle index, carry out accumulation process, obtain the power consumption values of whole circulation structure;

5)

in the step 1) formula adopts following formula to calculate:

The energy consumption called of

expression user function wherein, the energy consumption of

expression system library function call;

6)

in the step 5) formula adopts following method to calculate:

Definition data structure:

Struct user_function // user function

{

Char* function_name; // function name

Int function_return_kind; // function return type

Int function_variable8_quantity; The number of 8 parameters of // function is defaulted as 0

Int function_variable16_quantity; The number of 16 parameters of // function is defaulted as 0

Int function_variable32_quantity; The number of 32 parameters of // function is defaulted as 0

Int function_variable64_quantity; The number of 64 parameters of // function is defaulted as 0

Struct user_function* next; The next user_function structure of // sensing

Int function_time; // function the number of times that is called is defaulted as 0 double function_energy; // function body power consumption values is defaulted as 0

};

Struct user_function* uf_list; // user function chained list

Function_energy wherein can be according to return type, number of parameters and the parameter type of function; Utilize the original function power consumption values try to achieve in advance to calculate, the original function power consumption values is meant an energy consumption that had produced when not only printenv but also the function that do not have a rreturn value be called;

The computing method of

are: traversal uf_list chained list; Obtain the invoked number of times function_time of each function; The function_energy of itself and this function is multiplied each other; Obtain this function total energy consumption in the whole procedure, with the total energy consumption of each function add up just

;

7)

in the step 5) formula adopts following method to calculate:

Except that printf, scanf function, the inside execution route of most C built-in functions is all more fixing, and its power consumption values is relative fixed also, therefore, can measure the single call power consumption values of each built-in function except that printf, scanf function in advance;

Definition data structure:

Struct lib_function // built-in function

Char* lib_function_name; // built-in function title

Int lib_function_time; // built-in function the number of times that is called is defaulted as 0

Struct lib_function* next; The next lib_function structure of // sensing

};

Struct lib_function* lf_list; // built-in function chained list

The computing method of

: traversal lf_list chained list; Lib_function_time and its single call power consumption values of measuring in advance of built-in function are multiplied each other; Obtain the total energy consumption of this built-in function in the whole procedure, with the total energy consumption of each built-in function add up just .

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with instance the present invention is described further.

Choose labyrinth function (MAZE), Joseph's ring function (JOSEPHU), eight queens functions (QUEEN), bubble sort (BUBBULE), matrix multiplication (MATRIX) as test case.

1) use the result of HMSim simulator of energy consumption operation test case to be:

Program name	E_model（nJ）	E_HMsim(nJ)	Error (%)
				MAZE	465418.85	462662.34	0.60
JOSEPHU	3059.24	2984.01	2.52
				QUEEN	153246.86	145489.04	5.33
BUBBULE	188026.74	171645.95	9.54
				MATRIX	2947.25	2875.71	2.49

The Error Calculation formula does in the table

2) result of operation test case is on Winbond W90P71 development board:

Program name	E_model（nJ）	E_ W90P71 (nJ)	Error (%)
				MAZE	465418.85	464400	0.21
JOSEPHU	3059.24	2925	4.58
				QUEEN	153246.86	140404	9.14
BUBBULE	188026.74	183600	9.08
				MATRIX	2947.25	2934	1.03

The Error Calculation formula does in the table

Can know through above two table experimental data contrasts; The measurement power consumption values error of power consumption values and simulator of energy consumption HMSim and Winbond W90P71 development board that adopts method of the present invention estimation is all in 10%; Explain that method that this paper proposes can estimate the power consumption values of embedded software quickly and efficiently, for important basis has been established in embedded software power consumption optimization and analysis.

Claims (1)

1. embedded software power consumption evaluation method based on the C language, the step that it is characterized in that setting up this method is following:

1) because C programmer form by sequential organization, redirect structure, loop structure and function call structure, so the energy consumption of C programmer form by the energy consumption of this several sections, that is:

Wherein, The energy consumption of expression embedded type C program; The energy consumption of sequential organization in

expression c program; The energy consumption of redirect structure in

expression c program; The energy consumption of loop structure in

expression c program, the energy consumption of function call in

expression c program;

2)

in the step 1) formula adopts following method to calculate:

Definition data structure:

Struct variable // variable

{

Int variable_kind; // types of variables

Char* variable_name; // variable name

Char* variable_value; // with the value of character string forms storage of variables

Struct variable* next; Next variable structure of // sensing

};

Struct operator // operational symbol

{

Int operator_kind; // operational symbol type

Int operator_treat; When // computing takes place, transform, by the type of process after transforming like need

Int operator_time; // this operational symbol occurrence number is defaulted as 0

Struct operator* next; Next operator structure of // sensing

};

Struct variable_energy // variable energy consumption

{

Int variable_time; // variable occurrence number

Double variable_energy; // variable power consumption values

};

Struct variable* v_list; // variable chained list

Struct variable_energy v_energy [VAR]; // variable energy consumption table

The computing method of

: traversal v_list chained list; Calculate the identical node number of variable_kind; And be stored among the variable_time of respective type node in the v_energy table; The length VAR of table v_energy is the number of whole C linguistic variable types; After the processing that finishes the whole C program; Traversal v_energy table; Variable_time and variable_energy are multiplied each other; Obtain the total energy consumption of every type of variable, every type of variable total energy consumption is added up just gets ;

3)

in the step 1) formula adopts following method to calculate:

At first judge redirect structure correct path in the process of implementation according to Fundamentals of Compiling; Obtain correct run time version; Then the run time version of correct in order structure handle, draw the power consumption values

of redirect structure;

4)

adopts following method to calculate in the step 1) formula:

At first judge the round-robin number of times in the loop structure implementation; Structure treatment loop body in order then; Combine loop body at last; And cycle index, carry out accumulation process, obtain the power consumption values of whole circulation structure;

5)

in the step 1) formula adopts following formula to calculate:

The energy consumption called of

expression user function wherein, the energy consumption of expression system library function call;

6)

in the step 5) formula adopts following method to calculate:

Definition data structure:

Struct user_function // user function

{

Char* function_name; // function name

Int function_return_kind; // function return type

Int function_variable8_quantity; The number of 8 parameters of // function is defaulted as 0

Int function_variable16_quantity; The number of 16 parameters of // function is defaulted as 0

Int function_variable32_quantity; The number of 32 parameters of // function is defaulted as 0

Int function_variable64_quantity; The number of 64 parameters of // function is defaulted as 0

Struct user_function* next; The next user_function structure of // sensing

Int function_time; // function the number of times that is called is defaulted as 0

Double function_energy; // function body power consumption values is defaulted as 0

};

Struct user_function* uf_list; // user function chained list

Function_energy wherein can be according to return type, number of parameters and the parameter type of function; Utilize the original function power consumption values try to achieve in advance to calculate, the original function power consumption values is meant an energy consumption that had produced when not only printenv but also the function that do not have a rreturn value be called;

The computing method of are: traversal uf_list chained list; Obtain the invoked number of times function_time of each function; The function_energy of itself and this function is multiplied each other; Obtain this function total energy consumption in the whole procedure, with the total energy consumption of each function add up just

;

7)

in the step 5) formula adopts following method to calculate:

Except that printf, scanf function, the inside execution route of most C built-in functions is all more fixing, and its power consumption values is relative fixed also, so can measure the single call power consumption values of each built-in function except that printf, scanf function in advance;

Definition data structure:

Struct lib_function // built-in function

{

Char* lib_function_name; // built-in function title

Int lib_function_time; // built-in function the number of times that is called is defaulted as 0

Struct lib_function* next; The next lib_function structure of // sensing

};

Struct lib_function* lf_list; // built-in function chained list

The computing method of

: traversal lf_list chained list; Lib_function_time and its single call power consumption values of measuring in advance of built-in function are multiplied each other; Obtain the total energy consumption of this built-in function in the whole procedure, with the total energy consumption of each built-in function add up just .