CN102749437B - Method for researching fractal particle size of multistage fracturing propping agent and fracture characteristic parameter of rock mass - Google Patents
Method for researching fractal particle size of multistage fracturing propping agent and fracture characteristic parameter of rock mass Download PDFInfo
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- CN102749437B CN102749437B CN201210255366.4A CN201210255366A CN102749437B CN 102749437 B CN102749437 B CN 102749437B CN 201210255366 A CN201210255366 A CN 201210255366A CN 102749437 B CN102749437 B CN 102749437B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the method for researching the fractal particle size of a multistage fracturing propping agent and the fracture characteristic parameter of a rock mass, which comprises the following steps of: (1) selecting a particle screen, and forming propping agent particles with fractal characteristic; (2) preparing the sorted first order of propping agent particles into a fracturing liquid; (3) injecting the prepared fracturing liquid into a test piece, and calculating the fractured wall opening degree of the test piece; (4) preparing the second order of propping agent particles sorted in the step (1) into a fracturing liquid, and calculating the rock mass fracture opening degree after secondary fracturing; (5) preparing the third order of propping agent particles sorted in the step (1) into a fracturing liquid, and calculating the rock mass fracture opening degree after multistage fracturing; and (6) taking down the test piece, and calculating the fractal dimensionality of the fractured wall of the test piece. In the invention, the field multistage fracturing process is simulated, and the relationship between different propping agent particle sizes and the roughness of the fractured wall of fractured rock and the relationship between particle size and fracture opening degree can be determined.
Description
One, technical field:
What the present invention relates to is that in the engineerings such as oil and gas, mining industry, ground, multi-stage water power pressure break is joined sand fractal design method, and what be specifically related to is the method for the research fractal granularity of multistage fracturing propping agent and Rock Masses Fractures characteristic parameter.
Two, background technology:
In the reservoir production technique fields such as oil and gas, coal and rock, all need reservoir rock to carry out pressure break, its mechanism of action is to utilize ground high-pressure pump group, to surpass reservoir imbibition ability discharge capacity, high viscosity fracturing fluid is pumped in well and in shaft bottom, produce high pressure, by high drive current, clamp-on in rock mass, overcome the tensile strength of rock mass, rock mass is broken, form the crack passage with certain flow conductivity.Effectively link up reservoir, improve oil-gas mining speed.At present, for waterfrac treatment Rock Masses Fractures wall rough features, describe indefinitely, and then cause fracturing fracture flow conductivity to calculate having deviation.Although existing theory and finite element means can give approximate simulation, but still cannot systematically measure and describe.Thereby seriously hindered further developing of waterfrac treatment.Therefore, the present invention set up a kind of multistage fracturing fracture wall parametric description and fault and fissures flow conductivity analytical approach significant.
Three, summary of the invention:
The method that the object of this invention is to provide the research fractal granularity of multistage fracturing propping agent and Rock Masses Fractures characteristic parameter, it existingly cannot be measured and the problem of describing the relation between fracturing liquid and Rock Masses Fractures wall for solving.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the method for the fractal granularity of this research multistage fracturing propping agent and Rock Masses Fractures characteristic parameter:
The first step: choose different size proppant particles mesh size by the multistage fractal screening device of proppant particles, form the proppant particles size-grade distribution with fractal characteristic, wherein first order proppant particles diameter meets
; Second level particle diameter meets:
; Third level particle diameter meets:
;
for arbitrary number of level sorting propping agent particle diameter, selected mesh size is big or small;
for arbitrary number of level particle diameter is less than
the estimated quality of proppant particles;
propping agent gross mass for sorting;
for the propping agent mean grain size size after arbitrary number of level sorting;
for propping agent fractal dimension;
Second step: by the above-mentioned first order proppant particles sub-electing by blending system preparing fracturing fluid;
The 3rd step: the fracturing fluid system preparing is injected to test specimen, and test specimen is arranged on is pressed in test specimen mensuration system, by deformation measurement system acquisition deformation signal, calculates test specimen fracture wall opening width;
The 4th step: interval is after 45 minutes, the second level proppant particles that the first step is sub-elected is by blending system preparing fracturing fluid, and this fracturing liquid is continued to inject above-mentioned test specimen, repeat the 3rd step, Rock Masses Fractures aperture after the propping agent secondary pressure break of the calculating first order, the two kinds of particle diameters in the second level;
The 5th step: interval is after 45 minutes, the third level proppant particles that the first step is sub-elected is by blending system preparing fracturing fluid, and this fracturing liquid is continued to inject above-mentioned test specimen, and repeat the 3rd step, calculate Rock Masses Fractures aperture after large, medium and small three kinds of different-grain diameter propping agent multistage fracturings;
The 6th step: take off test specimen, draw the fractal dimension of fracture wall calculation of characteristic parameters test specimen fracture wall by rupture surface from affine recording geometry.
In such scheme, the multistage fractal screening device of proppant particles comprises proppant particles container, multistage fractal sorting reciprocating sieve, sorting granular container, multistage fractal sorting reciprocating sieve is set in sorting granular container, proppant particles container is connected with sorting granular container by pipeline, sorting granular container is connected with multistage outlet, every grade of external particle transport pipeline of outlet difference, conventional proppant particles is opened by particle diameter requirement sorting by multistage fractal sorting reciprocating sieve at sorting granular container, and the Different Size Fractions after sorting is realized outer defeated separately.
In such scheme, blending system comprises blending container, automatic stirrer, fracturing liquid container, filtration unit, automatic stirrer is arranged in blending container, fracturing liquid container is connected by pipeline with blending container, filtration unit is installed on pipeline, sorting rear support agent particle is transported in blending container by particle transport pipeline, preparing fracturing fluid in blending container, the fracturing liquid preparing is transported to fracturing string, carries out pressure break test.
In such scheme, pressed test specimen mensuration system to comprise test container, overlying external load control system, confined pressure loading system, deformation measurement system, test specimen is arranged in test container, and fracturing string is placed in the center of being pressed test specimen; Between test specimen and test container, be annular confined pressure chamber, test specimen upper end is overlying external load pressurizing chamber, and overlying external load pressurizing chamber is divided into upper and lower two cavitys by sliding plunger; Overlying external load control system is connected to the upper cavity of overlying external load pressurizing chamber, and confined pressure loading system is connected to confined pressure chamber; Deformation measurement system is comprised of deformation-sensor, signal converter and signal detecting and measuring apparatus, and deformation-sensor is arranged on test specimen outside surface.
Such scheme interrupts broken face and mainly comprises ccd video camera, Stereo microscope, microscopic observation frame, simulation imaging computing system from affine recording geometry, ccd video camera and Stereo microscope are arranged on microscopic frame, and simulation imaging computing system is connected with Stereo microscope.
At present, in actual fracturing process, propping agent is all often that different particle diameter sand grains and fracturing liquid are carried out to general blending, propping agent sand grains is not carried out to classification.Cannot determine the relation of different proppant particles particle diameters and pressure break rock fracture wall roughness and the relation of particle diameter and fracture aperture (crack seam is wide).
Beneficial effect:
1, simulated field multistage fracturing process of the present invention, can determine the relation of different proppant particles particle diameters and pressure break rock fracture wall roughness and the relation of particle diameter and fracture aperture (crack seam is wide).
2, the present invention can measure the fracture wall roughness under the effect that difference adds sand propping agent.
3, the present invention can measure test specimen anamorphotic system and do data dynamic translation and analysis.
Four, accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is equipments overall structure schematic diagram in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is from the structural representation of affine observation computing system in the present invention;
Fig. 3 be in the present invention deformation-sensor at test specimen top structural representation arranged evenly;
Fig. 4 be in the present invention deformation-sensor at test specimen side structural representation arranged evenly.
1. multistage outlet 5. blending container 6. fracturing liquid container 7. fracturing string 8. filtration unit 9. test specimen 10. supercharge pump 11. intermediate receptacle 12. upper cavity 13. sliding plunger 14. supercharge pump 15. intermediate receptacle 16. confined pressure chamber 17. deformation-sensor 18. signal converter 19. signal detecting and measuring apparatus 20.CCD video camera 21. Stereo microscope 22. microscopic frame 23. simulation imaging computing system 24 test containers of the multistage fractal sorting reciprocating sieve 4. of proppant particles container 2. sorting granular container 3..
Five, embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described further:
Apparatus of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, carry out in the device shown in Fig. 1 by the method for the fractal granularity of this research multistage fracturing propping agent and Rock Masses Fractures characteristic parameter.Specific as follows:
The first step: choose different size proppant particles mesh size by the multistage fractal screening device of proppant particles, form the proppant particles size-grade distribution with fractal characteristic, wherein first order proppant particles diameter meets
; Second level particle diameter meets:
; Third level particle diameter meets:
;
for arbitrary number of level sorting propping agent particle diameter, selected mesh size is big or small;
for arbitrary number of level particle diameter is less than
the estimated quality of proppant particles;
propping agent gross mass for sorting;
for the propping agent mean grain size size after arbitrary number of level sorting;
for propping agent fractal dimension;
Second step: by the above-mentioned first order proppant particles sub-electing by blending system preparing fracturing fluid;
The 3rd step: the fracturing fluid system preparing is injected to test specimen, and test specimen is arranged on is pressed in test specimen mensuration system, by deformation measurement system acquisition deformation signal, calculates test specimen fracture wall opening width.
The 4th step: interval is after 45 minutes, the second level proppant particles that the first step is sub-elected is by blending system preparing fracturing fluid, and this fracturing liquid is continued to inject above-mentioned test specimen, repeat the 3rd step, Rock Masses Fractures aperture after the propping agent secondary pressure break of the calculating first order, the two kinds of particle diameters in the second level;
The 5th step: interval is after 45 minutes, the third level proppant particles that the first step is sub-elected is by blending system preparing fracturing fluid, and this fracturing liquid is continued to inject above-mentioned test specimen, and repeat the 3rd step, calculate Rock Masses Fractures aperture after large, medium and small three kinds of different-grain diameter propping agent multistage fracturings;
The 6th step: take off test specimen, draw the fractal dimension of fracture wall calculation of characteristic parameters test specimen fracture wall by rupture surface from affine recording geometry.
In the present invention, the proppant particles container 1 of the multistage fractal screening device of proppant particles is connected with sorting granular container 2, sorting granular container 2 is built-in with multistage fractal sorting reciprocating sieve 3, multistage fractal sorting reciprocating sieve 3 is connected with electric power system respectively, sorting granular container 2 is connected with multistage outlet 4, every grade of external particle transport pipeline of outlet difference, is provided with tensimeter, flowmeter on particle transport pipeline.The proppant particles that market is provided selects the inferior propping agent of above-mentioned three levels by multistage fractal sorting reciprocating sieve 3.
Blending system comprises blending container 5, automatic stirrer, fracturing liquid container 6, filtration unit 8, automatic stirrer is arranged in blending container 5, fracturing liquid container 6 is connected by pipeline with blending container 5, setting pressure table on pipeline, flowmeter, filtration unit 8, pump, sorting rear support agent particle is transported in blending container 5 by particle transport pipeline, preparing fracturing fluid in blending container 5, the fracturing liquid preparing is output pipeline and is delivered to fracturing string 7, setting pressure table on export pipeline, flowmeter, filtration unit, pump, fracturing liquid is transported to fracturing string 7 and carries out pressure break test.
Pressed test specimen mensuration system to comprise test container 24, overlying external load control system, confined pressure loading system, deformation measurement system, test specimen 9 is arranged in test container 24, and fracturing string 7 is placed in the center of test specimen; Between test specimen 9 and test container 24, be annular confined pressure chamber 16, test specimen 9 upper ends are overlying external load pressurizing chambers, and overlying external load pressurizing chamber is divided into upper and lower two cavitys by sliding plunger 13; Overlying external load control system is connected to the upper cavity 12 of overlying external load pressurizing chamber, and confined pressure loading system is connected to confined pressure chamber 16; Deformation measurement system is comprised of deformation-sensor 17, signal converter 18 and signal detecting and measuring apparatus 19, and deformation-sensor 17 is arranged on test specimen 9 outside surfaces.
Overlying external load control system is comprised of supercharge pump 10 and intermediate receptacle 11, overlying external load control system is connected with upper cavity 12 by high pressure line, during test run, by overlying external load control system, by high pressure line, to filling liquid in upper cavity 12, is driven and is free to slide that piston 13 is descending to be applied with and to cover normal stress test specimen 9.
Confined pressure loading system is comprised of supercharge pump 14 and intermediate receptacle 15, confined pressure loading system is connected with the outside annular housing confined pressure of test specimen 9 chamber 16 by high pressure line, during test run, by confined pressure loading system, by filling liquid in annular housing, test specimen 9 is applied to transverse external load, guarantee that transverse external load is even.Make test specimen 9 all the time in even loaded state.Transverse external load is constant applying continuously, also sustainablely dynamically applies.Test process can be controlled transverse external load by supercharge pump 10 as required, guarantees to provide annular housing to apply outer carrying uniformly to test specimen 9.
Deformation measurement system is comprised of deformation-sensor 17, signal converter 18 and signal detecting and measuring apparatus 19, deformation-sensor 17 arranges 16, consults Fig. 3, side and the top of 16 uniform test specimens 9 of deformation-sensor, form 16 sensing contacts, measure the distortion size of 16 region point of test specimen.During test run, with test specimen, be constantly out of shape, deformation-sensor 17 multipoint recordings also receive deformation signal, and signal reaches signal converter 18 in real time, and signal converter 18 is converted into digital signal by the simulating signal receiving, and transfers to signal detecting and measuring apparatus 19.
Rupture surface mainly comprises ccd video camera 20, Stereo microscope 21, microscopic frame 22, simulation imaging computing system 23 from affine recording geometry, ccd video camera 20 and Stereo microscope 21 are arranged on microscopic frame 22, simulation imaging computing system 23 is connected with Stereo microscope 21, and simulation imaging computing system 23 consists of as software for calculation installation diagram in computing machine.Fracture wall in design proposal of the present invention is mainly pressed test specimen 9 to finish through above-mentioned implementation process from affine imaging computing system, treated acquisition fracture wall, through ccd video camera 20, Stereo microscope 21, simulation imaging computing system 23, obtain fracture wall feature and calculate fracture wall fractal dimension, set up different fractal sand grains and distribute and fracture wall fractal dimension relation.
In the present invention, installing the course of work is: proppant particles is delivered in sorting granular container 2 by container, through multipass sort screen system, carry out sorting, according to separation system, filter out respectively the proppant particles of different-grain diameter, sorting rear support agent particle is delivered in blending system through different transfer passages by outer communication system according to conceptual design, after stirring, fracturing liquid is delivered in test specimen 9, and implements pressure break by pressure charging system.The transverse external load of transverse external load control system balance test specimen 9 wherein, overlying external load control system applies overlying external load to test specimen, test specimen 9 under transverse external load control system, overlying external load control system and blending hydraulic pressure split and jointly control, form to the horizontal loading of test specimen 9, on cover and load and the pressure break action of breaking.The deformation signal of test specimen 9 is measured and recorded to deformation-sensor 17, signal transferred to signal converter 18 and be converted to digital signal, and the deformation data of test specimen is processed and stored to signal detecting and measuring apparatus 19, calculates test specimen fracture wall opening width.
Unloading test specimen 9, by test specimen rupture wall be placed in fracture wall from affine imaging computing system, by fracture wall from affine imaging computing system, determine the fracture wall fractal dimension of test specimen 9.
Claims (5)
1. a method of studying the fractal granularity of multistage fracturing propping agent and Rock Masses Fractures characteristic parameter, is characterized in that: the method for the fractal granularity of this research multistage fracturing propping agent and Rock Masses Fractures characteristic parameter:
The first step: choose different size proppant particles mesh size by the multistage fractal screening device of proppant particles, form the proppant particles size-grade distribution with fractal characteristic, wherein first order proppant particles diameter meets
; Second level particle diameter meets:
; Third level particle diameter meets:
;
for arbitrary number of level sorting propping agent particle diameter, selected mesh size is big or small;
for arbitrary number of level particle diameter is less than
the estimated quality of proppant particles;
propping agent gross mass for sorting;
for the propping agent mean grain size size after arbitrary number of level sorting;
for propping agent fractal dimension;
Second step: by the above-mentioned first order proppant particles sub-electing by blending system preparing fracturing fluid;
The 3rd step: the fracturing fluid system preparing is injected to test specimen, and test specimen is arranged on is pressed in test specimen mensuration system, by deformation measurement system acquisition deformation signal, calculates test specimen fracture wall opening width;
The 4th step: interval is after 45 minutes, the second level proppant particles that the first step is sub-elected is by blending system preparing fracturing fluid, and this fracturing liquid is continued to inject above-mentioned test specimen, repeat the 3rd step, Rock Masses Fractures aperture after the propping agent secondary pressure break of the calculating first order, the two kinds of particle diameters in the second level;
The 5th step: interval is after 45 minutes, the third level proppant particles that the first step is sub-elected is by blending system preparing fracturing fluid, and this fracturing liquid is continued to inject above-mentioned test specimen, and repeat the 3rd step, calculate Rock Masses Fractures aperture after large, medium and small three kinds of different-grain diameter propping agent multistage fracturings;
The 6th step: take off test specimen, draw the fractal dimension of fracture wall calculation of characteristic parameters test specimen fracture wall by rupture surface from affine recording geometry.
2. the method for the fractal granularity of research multistage fracturing propping agent according to claim 1 and Rock Masses Fractures characteristic parameter, it is characterized in that: the multistage fractal screening device of described proppant particles comprises proppant particles container (1), multistage fractal sorting reciprocating sieve (3), sorting granular container (2), multistage fractal sorting reciprocating sieve (3) is set in sorting granular container (2), proppant particles container (1) is connected with sorting granular container (2) by pipeline, sorting granular container (2) is connected with multistage outlet (4), every grade of external particle transport pipeline of outlet difference.
3. the method for the fractal granularity of research multistage fracturing propping agent according to claim 1 and 2 and Rock Masses Fractures characteristic parameter, it is characterized in that: described blending system comprises blending container (5), automatic stirrer, fracturing liquid container (6), filtration unit (8), automatic stirrer is arranged in blending container (5), fracturing liquid container (6) is connected by pipeline with blending container (5), and filtration unit (8) is installed on pipeline.
4. the method for the fractal granularity of research multistage fracturing propping agent according to claim 3 and Rock Masses Fractures characteristic parameter, it is characterized in that: the described test specimen mensuration system of being pressed comprises test container (24), overlying external load control system, confined pressure loading system, deformation measurement system, test specimen (9) is arranged in test container (24), and fracturing string (7) is placed in the center of test specimen (9); Between test specimen (9) and test container (24), be annular confined pressure chamber (16), test specimen (9) upper end is overlying external load pressurizing chamber, and overlying external load pressurizing chamber is divided into upper and lower two cavitys by sliding plunger (13); Overlying external load control system is connected to the upper cavity (12) of overlying external load pressurizing chamber, and confined pressure loading system is connected to confined pressure chamber (16); Deformation measurement system is comprised of deformation-sensor (17), signal converter (18) and signal detecting and measuring apparatus (19), and deformation-sensor (17) is arranged on test specimen (9) outside surface.
5. the method for the fractal granularity of research multistage fracturing propping agent according to claim 4 and Rock Masses Fractures characteristic parameter, it is characterized in that: described rupture surface mainly comprises ccd video camera (20), Stereo microscope (21), microscopic frame (22), simulation imaging computing system (23) from affine recording geometry, it is upper that ccd video camera (20) and Stereo microscope (21) are arranged on microscopic frame (22), and simulation imaging computing system (23) is connected with Stereo microscope (21).
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| CN104153754B (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2016-07-06 | 西南石油大学 | Dynamic laid device for the test of simulation stratum condition lower support agent flow conductivity |
| CN104819915B (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2018-07-13 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of fracturing propping agents circularity, sphericity test method |
| CN104931307B (en) * | 2015-05-16 | 2017-10-10 | 东北石油大学 | Prepare the device and preparation method for the transparent rock core for including porous dehiscence gap and net horizontal section |
| CN110965980B (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-06-23 | 西南石油大学 | Proppant conveying experimental device and method capable of obtaining proppant particle size distribution |
| CN112727426B (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2022-09-27 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Real-time decision-making method for deep shale gas fracturing process |
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| CN102590888B (en) * | 2012-02-20 | 2014-04-16 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Experimental device for simulating spreading of propping agent in crack and application thereof |
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