CN102748101A - Urea injection system for reducing NOx discharge of engine and control method thereof - Google Patents
Urea injection system for reducing NOx discharge of engine and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102748101A CN102748101A CN2012102376316A CN201210237631A CN102748101A CN 102748101 A CN102748101 A CN 102748101A CN 2012102376316 A CN2012102376316 A CN 2012102376316A CN 201210237631 A CN201210237631 A CN 201210237631A CN 102748101 A CN102748101 A CN 102748101A
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- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 174
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 30
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
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- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
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- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a urea injection system for reducing the NOx discharge of an engine. The urea injection system mainly comprises a urea supply unit, an injection unit, an unfreezing unit and a control unit. The urea supply unit comprises a urea unidirectional flow pump, a secondary filter, a first electromagnetic valve and a gas liquid mixer which are sequentially connected with a urea tank by a first pipeline; and a spray nozzle part in the injection unit is used for spraying the gas liquid mixture into an exhaust pipeline communicated with the upstream of an SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) catalyst; according to the system disclosed by the invention, urea is sucked out of the urea tank and a certain pressure is formed, the injection quantity of the urea is automatically regulated according to the operation working condition of the engine, and the urea is sprayed into the exhaust pipe of the engine after the urea is atomized by high pressure air so as to react with NOx discharged from the engine on the SCR catalyst, and thus, the aim of reducing the NOx discharge is fulfilled; and the control unit is communicated with an engine controller to coordinate the normal work of the integral system and monitor the working conditions of the system and the parts.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of engine emission cleaning system, specifically is a kind of urea-spray system that is used to reduce motor NOx discharging.
Background technique
Quick growth along with Chinese automobile output and recoverable amount; The motor vehicle exhaust emission pollution problem is increasingly serious; In order to tackle this outstanding problem; Country has put into effect the automobile emissions standards rules of different phase successively, and each automobile and motor enterprise have also progressively taked corresponding technical measures to satisfy to motor car engine to add tight Abgasgesetz gradually.Heavy diesel engine for automobile aspect; State III emission standard and before adopt all basically that measure reaches target in the machine, such as use high-pressure common rail, improve fuel-injection pressure, discharge time and angle, the use exhaust gas turbocharge of accurately controlling fuel oil improve the motor charging efficiency, use the EGR EGR Technology to reduce FT etc.; But after state IV Abgasgesetz reaches; Only adopt the interior measure of motor machine can't reach the requirement of Abgasgesetz; At present mainly contained two kinds of technology paths what heavy goods vehicles relatively paid close attention on diesel emission; Be DPF particle trap and SCR selective reduction technology: the former need be used in combination with EGR technology in the machine, and the EGR purpose is the NOx discharging in the reduction machine, and DPF is used for outside machine, reducing granular material discharged; Use SCR selective reduction technology, then can improve the generation that the means of burning are come the particle emission in the reduction machine, and in exhaust, come the NOx outside the reduction machine to discharge by reducing agent and catalyzer by some.
But use the DPF technology higher requirement of ratio to be arranged for the regeneration of Sulpher content in the fuel oil and DPF; If Sulpher content is too high then can directly have influence on working life of catalyzer and DPF in the oil product, therefore domestic most of enterprise all tends to use the SCR technology to satisfy the target call of discharge phase behind the state III at present.
SCR is a kind of SCR technology, SCR techniques make use NH
3(resultant after the hydrolysis of urea) as reducing substances, under uniform temperature and catalyst action, utilizes NH
3NOx is reduced to N
2And H
2O.Because NH
3Optionally preferential reducing NOx under the effect of catalyzer and not elder generation and O
2Reaction is so be called " SCR ".NH
3It is better reductant; But very strong excitant is arranged; Be not easy to directly on automobile, use; And aqueous solution of urea is nontoxic, harmless, storage and convenient transportation and do not have penetrating odor, and the therefore general reducing agent that uses the aqueous solution of urea of 32.5% concentration as the vehicle-mounted SCR system is referred to as Adblue in Europe; The U.S. is called as Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF), and international standard ISO22241-1 " Adblue Standard " has also carried out the requirement of quality standard to the NOx reducing agent of diesel engine vent gas processing usefulness.Use the SCR technology, then need design a system, can be in engine exhaust pipe with urea-spray, this system need satisfy following requirement:
1) how aqueous solution of urea is ejected in the outlet pipe quantitatively, makes it to react on catalyzer with the NOx effulent efficiently, this not only needs the urea-spray system to control the urea-spray amount accurately, but also extraordinary atomizing effect need be provided;
2) can freeze owing to aqueous solution of urea (usually at-11 ℃) under lower temperature, so system also need take the measure of thawing;
3) consider that the urea quality on the market is very different, and also have particle residue in the course of working of system, need some measures of design in case locking system is blocked;
4) the bigger variation because the NOx that under the different operating modes that turn round of motor, generates discharges pollutants, the working conditions change of motor is very frequent, therefore needs system according to automatic adjustment of engine operating condition and accurate control emitted dose;
At present, the automobile exhaust gas SCR reprocessing urea-spray system that can satisfy above requirement is arranged abroad, such as the urea-spray system of the disclosed PUREM of DE102006040411A1 company exploitation; The SCR system of the disclosed SIEMENS of US6209315B1; Comprise the Grandfos company that uses on the present Domestic market and the system of company of German Bosch, wherein some system adopts gas secondary injection, designs more ingenious; Reasonable atomizing effect is also arranged; But below all be external system, the design of parts and manufacture cost are very high, are unfavorable for the large size popularization at home of SCR system.Domestic similar system also appearred in recent years; The SCR urea-spray system that comprises the exploitation of the disclosed Wuxi Oil Pump Nozzle Inst of CN101737127A; The quantitative spraying device of the disclosed Suzhou PowerGreen Emission Solution System Co., Ltd. of CN101818677A; But above system is all also not too perfect, has some problems, is not easy to realize control such as the scheme of mentioning in the former system of thawing by engine exhaust; Though the latter system is fairly simple; But lack filter in the system, can't solve blocking problem, and the passive voltage stabilizing air bag of its design; Under the situation that source of the gas is closed, can't play the effect of accumulation of energy; Can't effectively reflux during system closing, and not have the measure of thawing, can't solve the problem of freezing under the urea low temperature.
Summary of the invention
To above-mentioned existing technology; The present invention provides a kind of urea-spray system that is used to reduce motor NOx discharging; Can be according in the engine operating condition outlet pipe that is ejected into the SCR catalyst converter upper reaches that urea is quantitative; And under the effect of high-pressure air with its good atomizing, the NOx pollutant that makes it on the SCR catalyst converter to discharge with motor reacts, and reaches the purpose that reduces engine emission; And, have good anti-plugging crystallization in the urea-spray of the present invention system, a measure such as thaw, can satisfy the requirement that motor reaches state IV and above emissions object.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is used to realize that the technological scheme that reduces the urea-spray system of motor NOx discharging is: comprise urea feeding unit, injection unit, unit and control unit thaw; Said urea feeding unit comprise through first pipeline in order with the tank connected urea straightway pump of urea, secondary filter cleaner, first solenoid valve and air and liquid mixer; Be provided with one-level filter cleaner, first temperature transducer and liquid level sensor in the said urea tank; Pipeline between said urea straightway pump and the said secondary filter cleaner is provided with a threeway, and this three pipeline of passing between the said urea tank is second pipeline certainly, and said second pipeline is connected with an end of a urea backflow Pneumatic valve; On said first pipeline, between said secondary filter cleaner and said first solenoid valve, be provided with second temperature transducer, urea pressure transducer and accumulator; Said accumulator is a bag type accumulator, and said accumulator is communicated with the gas piping that comes from vehicle-mounted source of the gas through first one-way valve; Between vehicle-mounted source of the gas to said first one-way valve, be provided with gas cleaner, gas pressure reducer, second solenoid valve and second one-way valve successively on the said gas piping; The other end of said urea backflow Pneumatic valve is communicated with said gas piping, and this connection node is a four-way, and said four-way also is communicated with a gas throttling orifice plate, said first one-way valve and said second one-way valve; The other end of said gas throttling orifice plate is connected to said air and liquid mixer; Said injection unit comprises nozzle component; Said nozzle component is used for gas-liquid mixture is ejected into the gas exhaust piping that is communicated with the SCR catalyst converter upper reaches of vehicle, and said nozzle component comprises nozzle, body and the interface tube that connects successively, is set with set screw nut on the said body; Be provided with retaining washer between said set screw nut and the said body; Be inlaid with the fan nozzle core in the said nozzle, said nozzle is provided with a plurality of spray-holes, said spray-hole axially consistent with the engine exhaust airflow direction; Said interface tube is connected with said air and liquid mixer; The downstream of said SCR catalyst converter are provided with three-temperature sensor and NOx sensor; The said unit that thaws comprises cooling water thawing structure and electric heating device structure; Wherein, Said cooling water thawing structure is to utilize the cooling water on the vehicle motor to realize thawing of urea tank; Said cooling water thawing structure comprises and the tank connected water thawing pipeline of said urea that said water thawing pipeline is provided with the 3rd solenoid valve; Said electric heating device structure is used for thawing of system's first pipeline and second pipeline; Said electric heating device structure comprises resistance wire; Said control unit is made up of signal processing module, power driver module, bus driver module, power module and single-chip microcomputer; Said control unit carries out communication through the control unit of engine of CAN bus and vehicle, to obtain engine speed, torque signal; Simultaneously; Said control unit and said urea feeding unit are connected with all the sensors with urea straightway pump, all solenoid valves in the said unit that thaws; Said control unit receives the signal of all the sensors; Said control unit is controlled the running of said urea straightway pump or is stopped, and said control unit is controlled the unlatching of all solenoid valves or closed.
The present invention is used to reduce the urea-spray controlling method of motor NOx discharging; Comprise: the signal processing module in the said control unit continues to receive the signal that comes from first temperature transducer, second temperature transducer, three-temperature sensor, liquid level sensor and pressure transducer; And signal carried out data transfer, be sent to single-chip microcomputer then; Said control unit is controlled through power driver module according to the data that receive as follows: the start and stop of control urea straightway pump, in order to realize the startup of urea-spray system; Start and stop, the break-make of first solenoid valve, the unlatching cycle of second solenoid valve and the closure or openness of urea backflow Pneumatic valve of control urea straightway pump are in order to realize the metered injection of urea-spray system; Control the break-make of first solenoid valve, the break-make of second solenoid valve and the closure or openness of urea backflow Pneumatic valve, in order to the shutdown of realization urea-spray system and the emptying in the stopping process; Control the energising and the outage of resistance wire in the closure or openness, electric heating device structure of the 3rd solenoid valve, in order to realize thawing of urea-spray system; Control unit continues to monitor the NOx emissions data that records according to said NOx sensor; And binding engine rotating speed and torque load information calculations go out the emission result of NOx; When this result was higher than the limit value under the motor normal condition, control unit was pointed out through warning.
Say that further the limit value under the said motor normal condition is meant the requirement that will satisfy in the NBS " automobile-used compression-ignited, the gaseous fuel spark-ignition engine of GB17691-2005 and automobile exhaust pollutant discharge limit value and method of measurement ".
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) urea-spray of the present invention system adopts the auxiliary atomizing type of air, and gas can be from the air pressure pump on the car, also can be from the compressed air pump that adds; It is excessive to prevent gas flow in the middle of gas piping and air and liquid mixer, to be designed with the gas throttling hole;
2) in order to guarantee the life-span of urea straightway pump, this urea straightway pump adopts the intermittent work mode;
3) adopt bag type accumulator that urea pressure is put aside in the urea feeding unit of urea-spray of the present invention system, under the situation of urea straightway pump service intermittent, guarantee that the urea-spray system still can have enough pressure to spray;
4) designed multistage cleaner structure in the urea-spray of the present invention system, the impurity that is used for filtering urea with produce in the particle that generates, prevent to stop up;
5) adopt the gas backstreaming control valve in the urea-spray of the present invention system, when gas pressure was eliminated, the urea liquid in first pipeline and second pipeline can be back in the urea tank;
6) urea-spray system design of the present invention by the measure of thawing of engine cooling water heating and electric heating hybrid mode, can eliminate the urea freezes phenomenon;
7) in order to reach good atomizing effect, urea-spray system design of the present invention has air and liquid mixer; In addition, in nozzle component, be designed with miniature mixed aerosol structure.
Description of drawings
The urea-spray system that Fig. 1-the 1st, the present invention are used for the engine exhaust reprocessing constitutes schematic representation;
Fig. 1-2 is that the urea feeding unit constitutes schematic representation in the urea-spray of the present invention system;
Fig. 1-the 3rd, the unit that thaws in the urea-spray of the present invention system constitutes schematic representation;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of injection unit 15 in the urea-spray of the present invention system;
Fig. 3-the 1st, the master of the core of fan nozzle shown in Fig. 2 looks zoomed-in view;
Fig. 3-the 2nd, the plan view of fan nozzle core shown in Fig. 3-1;
Fig. 3-the 3rd, the side view of fan nozzle core shown in Fig. 3-1;
Fig. 4 be in the urea-spray of the present invention system control unit constitute and with the block diagram that is connected of associated components;
Fig. 5 is the main flow chart of urea-spray controlling method of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the startup flow chart of urea-spray of the present invention system;
Fig. 7 is the flow chart that stops of urea-spray of the present invention system.
Among the figure:
The 1-liquid level sensor 2-first temperature transducer 3-urea tank
4-one-level filter cleaner 5-the 3rd solenoid valve 6-water thawing pipeline
7-urea straightway pump 8-secondary filter cleaner 9-accumulator
The 10-first one-way valve 11-first solenoid valve 12-SCR catalyst converter
13-NOx sensor 14-three-temperature sensor 15-injection unit
16-air and liquid mixer 17-control unit 18-gas throttling orifice plate
The 19-pressure transducer 20-second temperature transducer 21-backflow Pneumatic valve
The 22-second one-way valve 23-second solenoid valve 24-gas pressure reducer
Vehicle-mounted source of the gas 27-first pipeline of 25-gas cleaner 26-
The 28-second pipeline 31-nozzle 32-body
33-interface tube 34-retaining washer 35-set screw nut
36-fan nozzle core 37-spray-hole.
Embodiment
The urea-spray system that the present invention is a kind of to be used to reduce motor NOx discharging mainly comprises urea feeding unit, injection unit, thaw unit and control unit, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing technological scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Shown in Fig. 1-2, the said urea feeding unit in the system of the present invention mainly comprises urea straightway pump 7, secondary filter cleaner 8, accumulator 9, urea backflow Pneumatic valve 21, be used for second one-way valve 22 and second solenoid valve 23 of gas circuit control, first solenoid valve 11 that is used for the control of urea supply amount, air and liquid mixer 16, the pressure transducer 19 that is used to monitor pipeline urea pressure and temperature and second temperature transducer 20 etc.
Like Fig. 1-1, urea straightway pump 7, secondary filter cleaner 8, first solenoid valve 11 and air and liquid mixer 16 that said urea tank 3 is connected with urea tank 3 through first pipeline 27 in order; In said urea tank 3, be provided with one-level filter cleaner 4, first temperature transducer 2 and liquid level sensor 1.
Pipeline between said urea straightway pump 7 and the said secondary filter cleaner 8 is provided with a threeway, and this three pipeline of passing between the said urea tank 3 is second pipeline 28 certainly, and said second pipeline 28 is connected with an end of a urea backflow Pneumatic valve 21.Said first pipeline 27 is being provided with second temperature transducer 20, urea pressure transducer 19 and accumulator 9 between said secondary filter cleaner 8 and said first solenoid valve 11; Said accumulator 9 is a bag type accumulator, and said accumulator 9 is communicated with the gas piping that comes from vehicle-mounted source of the gas through first one-way valve 10; Between vehicle-mounted source of the gas 26 to said first one-way valve 10, be provided with gas cleaner 25, gas pressure reducer 24, second solenoid valve 23 and second one-way valve 22 on the said gas piping successively; The other end of said urea backflow Pneumatic valve 21 is communicated with said gas piping, and this connection node is a four-way, and said four-way also is communicated with a gas throttling orifice plate 18, said first one-way valve 10 and said second one-way valve 22; The other end of said gas throttling orifice plate 18 is connected to said air and liquid mixer 16.
After the start-up system, urea straightway pump 7 is with urea sucking-offs in the urea tank 3, behind urea secondary filter cleaner 8; Be fed in first pipeline; Do not open under the situation at second solenoid valve 23, do not have gas in the gas piping, urea backflow Pneumatic valve 21 is in normally open; Urea is back in the urea tank 3 through urea backflow Pneumatic valve 21, and first pipeline, 27 pressure can't reach the minimum requirements that system sprays.When second solenoid valve 23 is opened, certain gas pressure is arranged in the gas piping, urea backflow Pneumatic valve 21 is closed; Build-up pressure in first pipeline 27, under this pressure effect, urea gets in the accumulator 9; After pressure reached certain upper limit, 17 of control units were closed urea straightway pump 7.
Accumulator 9 among the present invention adopts bag type accumulators, can be when 7 runnings of urea straightway pump the savings certain amount of urea, when this urea straightway pump 7 stopped, the urea of savings were that first pipeline is supplied urea and sprayed needed pressure in the accumulator 9.The fluctuation that while accumulator 9 can also be stablized first pipeline inner pressure.An other end of bag type accumulator connects gas piping through first one-way valve 10.When second solenoid valve 23 is opened, when gas got into system, pressure and gas pressure in the accumulator leather bag were suitable; When second solenoid valve 23 cuts out, when gas piping pressure descended, accumulator leather bag internal pressure remained unchanged, avoided because of the gas in the long-term not time spent leather bag of accumulator take place to leak can't proper functioning problem.
Adopt the two-stage depuration structure among the present invention; Promptly in urea tank 3, realize the one-level filtering; In first pipeline 27, realize the secondary filtering; The secondary filter cleaner 8 that is arranged on first pipeline 27 is mainly used in the impurity that filters in the aqueous solution of urea, can prevent because of impurity gets into first solenoid valve, 11 phenomenon of blocking that liquid line caused, and has eliminated the undesirable element that influences first solenoid valve, 11 injection accuracys.
When second solenoid valve 23 that is used for the control gaseous break-make is opened, can the pressurized gas on the car be incorporated in the system pipeline through a gas pressure reducer 24.On the general commercial car air pressure pump is arranged all, use to offer systems such as brake, power steering.The gas of drawing-in system can be used for the atomizing of aqueous solution of urea on the one hand, can also play the effect that urea refluxes of interrupting through control urea backflow Pneumatic valve 21 on the other hand.
Urea backflow Pneumatic valve 21 in the system of the present invention adopts the diaphragm type control valve, and wherein, a side of diaphragm is a gas, and the opposite side of diaphragm is a liquid, is controlled the break-make of second pipeline 28 by the displacement of diaphragm.That is, when control end had certain gas pressure, this moment, second pipeline ended, and can prevent that aqueous solution of urea is back in the urea tank 3 through second pipeline 28 in first pipeline 27, thereby guaranteed the foundation of the pressure of urea main pipe; When system just starts or will stop; Second solenoid valve 23 cuts out; Gas pressure descends; Urea backflow Pneumatic valve 21 is opened, and aqueous solution of urea is back in the urea tank 3 through second pipeline 28 in the accumulator and first pipeline 27, thereby prevents that the urea liquid that under the lower situation of temperature, is accumulated in the ejecting system from freezing.
Air and liquid mixer 16 in the system of the present invention is used for liquids and gases are mixed; Liquid is sprayed onto in the air and liquid mixer 16 through first solenoid valve 11; The another one path of air and liquid mixer 16 connects pressurized gas; Gas is to be connected in the air and liquid mixer 16 through gas throttling orifice plate 18, and is not too big to guarantee gas flow, avoids consuming excessively Vehicular compressed air.Gas and liquid are connected to the nozzle component in the injection unit 15 after in air and liquid mixer 16, fully mixing.When system's cisco unity malfunction, enter into gas circuit in order to guarantee liquid that can not, be furnished with second one-way valve 22 in the rear end of second solenoid valve 23.
First solenoid valve 11 in the system of the present invention is the emitted doses that are used to control urea; One end of this first solenoid valve 11 is connected with the downstream of first pipeline; The other end is connected in the air and liquid mixer 16; This first solenoid valve 11 is controlled through PWM (PWM) by control unit 17, and control unit 17 is adjusted the PWM dutycycle automatically according to the pressure at engine operating condition and these first solenoid valve, 11 two ends, thereby reaches the purpose of control emitted dose.In addition, when supply voltage is higher than the voltage rating of first solenoid valve 11, use the mode of PWM (PWM) that the voltage of importing first solenoid valve 11 is controlled, it is conformed to, with the voltage rating of demand to protect first solenoid valve 11.
The pressure transducer 19 in the system of the present invention and second temperature transducer 20 are to be used for the feedback information in gas piping and the liquid line (first pipeline 27) to control unit 17 control unit 17 being controlled according to the situation of system to urea straightway pump 7, first solenoid valve 11 and the unit that thaws etc.
Shown in Fig. 1-3; The unit that thaws in the system of the present invention is thawed by cooling water and the electric heating thawing structure combines; Wherein, Said cooling water thawing structure is to utilize the cooling water of motor to solve the problem of thawing of urea tank 3, comprises the water thawing pipeline 6 that is connected with urea tank 3, on water thawing pipeline 6, is provided with the 3rd solenoid valve 5; The electric heating thawing structure is used for resolution system and is used for the pipeline of urea into (first pipeline 27 connects the part of urea boxes and urea straightway pump) and is used to reflux second pipeline 28 of urea and the problem of thawing of pipeline upper connection; Cover electric heater in the pipeline outside, most typical is in the pipeline outside resistive heater to be set.
Shown in Fig. 1-1; Said injection unit 15 in the system of the present invention comprises nozzle component; Said nozzle component is used for gas-liquid mixture is ejected into the gas exhaust piping that is communicated with SCR catalyst converter 12 upper reaches of vehicle, and the downstream of said SCR catalyst converter 12 are provided with three-temperature sensor 14 and NOx sensor 13.As shown in Figure 2; Said nozzle component comprises nozzle 31, body 32 and the interface tube 33 that connects successively, is set with set screw nut 35 on the said body 32, is provided with retaining washer 34 between said set screw nut 35 and the said body 32; Be inlaid with fan nozzle core 36 in the said nozzle 31; Shown in Fig. 3-1, Fig. 3-2 and Fig. 3-3, said fan nozzle core 36 is made up of the limb of two intersections, is equipped with the flow guide structure of rectangular indentation on each limb; The design of fan-shaped nozzle core 36 can reach the effect that disperses and dredge urea and gas fluid-mixing in the nozzle 31, can make atomizing effect more evenly fine and closely woven; Said nozzle 31 is provided with a plurality of spray-holes 37, said spray-hole 37 axially be that the opening direction of jetburner is all consistent with the engine exhaust airflow direction, thereby can reduce the pressure inside fluctuation, increase the continuity of jet-stream wind, improve its reliability.Said interface tube 33 is connected with said air and liquid mixer 16, and said interface tube meets SAE J2044-2002 standard, can adopt rapid pipe joint, is convenient to be connected with air and liquid mixer 16.The fluid-mixing of urea liquid and gas by air and liquid mixer 16 through interface tube 33 and body 32; And dispersion and drainage through fan nozzle core 36; Last by nozzle 31 even and continuous being ejected in the gas exhaust piping that is communicated with SCR catalyst converter 12 upper reaches, realize the good atomizing effect of aqueous solution of urea.Whole injection unit parts all adopt stainless steel to process, can be in case the urea corrosion has the characteristics high temperature resistant, that reliability is high, simple and practical.
As shown in Figure 5, the control unit in the system of the present invention be mainly used in the control whole system startup, stop, according to the running of urea pipe pressure control urea straightway pump with stop; According to engine operation condition, the aperture through controlling first solenoid valve is with the adjustment emitted dose; According to information Control such as urea and the ambient temperature unit that thaws, and be responsible for carrying out diagnosis to all various sensors and performer; Carry out communication with control unit of engine and other control unit for vehicle, SCR system operation information is passed to other control units and carries out corresponding actions according to the information of other control unit transmission; Control unit 17 also is responsible for continuing to monitor engine emission in addition, when causing engine emission to exceed standard for a certain reason, relevant information is passed to control unit of engine.
The basic controlling flow process of 17 pairs of ejecting systems of control unit such as Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and shown in Figure 7.When control unit 17 is in "on" position, after receiving actuating signal, get into the system start-up flow process, as shown in Figure 6, start the urea-spray system; Judge through the temperature value of judging first temperature transducer 2, second temperature transducer, 20 feedbacks whether whether system is icing, need drive the unit that thaws and thaw; Under the situation of accomplishing or need not thawing of thawing; Whether the force value through judging the pressure transducer feedback is higher than the lower limit of setting or is lower than CLV ceiling limit value; Start or stop urea straightway pump 7; Pressure in first pipeline 27 is remained in the pressure range of setting, and control first solenoid valve 11 that continues, accurately metered injection aqueous solution of urea; After control unit 17 receives stop signal, stop urea straightway pump 7, get into and shut down flow process, as shown in Figure 7.
As shown in Figure 4, the said control unit 17 in the system of the present invention is made up of signal processing module, power driver module, bus driver module, power module and single-chip microcomputer; Said control unit 17 carries out communication through the control unit of engine of CAN bus and vehicle, to obtain engine speed, torque signal; Simultaneously; Said control unit 17 and said urea feeding unit are connected with all the sensors with urea straightway pump 7, all solenoid valves in the said unit that thaws; Said control unit 17 receives the signal of all the sensors; Said control unit 17 is controlled the running of said urea straightway pump 7 or is stopped, and said control unit 17 is controlled the unlatching of all solenoid valves or closed.
Signal processing module in the said control unit 17 continue to receive the signal that comes from first temperature transducer 2, second temperature transducer 20, three-temperature sensor 14, liquid level sensor 1 and pressure transducer 19; And signal carried out data transfer, be sent to single-chip microcomputer then; Said control unit 17 is controlled through power driver module according to the data that receive as follows:
The start and stop of said control unit 17 control urea straightway pumps 7 are in order to realize the startup of urea-spray system; Like Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 6, in the system starting process, second solenoid valve 23 cuts out, and urea backflow Pneumatic valve 21 is in opening state; 7 runnings of urea straightway pump, system stop urea straightway pump 7 after being full of urea, and second solenoid valve 23 is opened simultaneously, and urea backflow Pneumatic valve 21 is closed.
Start and stop, the unlatching cycle of first solenoid valve 11, the break-make of second solenoid valve 23 and the closure or openness of urea backflow Pneumatic valve 21 of said control unit 17 control urea straightway pumps 7 are in order to realize the metered injection of urea-spray system.
Break-make, the break-make of second solenoid valve 23 and the closure or openness of urea backflow Pneumatic valve 21 of said control unit 17 controls first solenoid valve 11 are in order to the shutdown of realization urea-spray system and the emptying in the stopping process; As shown in Figure 7, in system's stopped process, at first urea straightway pump 7 cuts out, second solenoid valve 23 and 11 opening and closing successively of first solenoid valve make urea residual in the system pipeline thoroughly be back in the urea tank 3 along second pipeline for several times then.
The energising and the outage of resistance wire in the closure or openness of said control unit 17 controls the 3rd solenoid valve 5, the electric heating device structure are in order to realize thawing of urea-spray system; Like Fig. 1-1, Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 5; When recording with second temperature transducer 20 that temperature is lower than the lower limit of setting in the pipeline in the urea tank 3 that records by first temperature transducer 2; Control unit 17 will be opened the 3rd solenoid valve 5, and connect the resistance wire that is used for heating pipe; When recording with second temperature transducer 20 that temperature is higher than the CLV ceiling limit value of setting in the pipeline in the urea tank 3 that is recorded by first temperature transducer 2, control unit 17 is closed the 3rd solenoid valve 5, and cuts off the power supply of said resistance wire.
To sum up, the present invention is the urea metering injection system that is used to reduce motor NOx discharging, adopts the auxiliary atomizing type of air, and gas can be from the air pressure pump on the car, also can be from the compressed air pump that adds.It is excessive to prevent gas flow in the middle of gas piping and air and liquid mixer 16, to be designed with gas throttling orifice plate 18.In order to guarantee the life-span of urea direct current urine 7, urea straightway pump 7 adopts the intermittent work mode.In the urea feeding unit, adopt bag type accumulator that urea is put aside, under the situation of urea straightway pump 7 service intermittents, the assurance system can carry out normal injection.The fluctuation that while accumulator 9 can also be stablized the main line internal pressure.In addition, designed in the system of the present invention have the two-stage filtering filter in the urea impurity with produce in the particle that generates, prevent that stopping up from appearring in pipeline, valve body and shower nozzle; In order to prevent that residual liquid from causing destroying pump body structure because of sharp freezing, volumetric expansion; Near urea straightway pump 7, be provided with urea backflow Pneumatic valve 21, when gas pressure behind the system closedown is eliminated, can the liquid return in the main line be disposed in the urea tank 3; Also have, in the process of system closing, introduce gas,, realize necessary evacuation step and method, thereby discharge the residual liquid of internal system through the control of logic.In order to prevent that when cold area uses urea liquid is located to freeze, stop up at urea box, pipeline and urea straightway pump etc., designed the measure of thawing in the system of the present invention by engine cooling water heating and electric heating hybrid mode.
Although invention has been described for top combination figure; But the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, and above-mentioned embodiment only is schematically, rather than restrictive; Those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; Under the situation that does not break away from aim of the present invention, can also make a lot of distortion, these all belong within the protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a urea-spray system that is used to reduce motor NOx discharging comprises urea feeding unit, injection unit and control unit, it is characterized in that, also comprises the unit that thaws;
Said urea feeding unit comprises urea straightway pump (7), secondary filter cleaner (8), first solenoid valve (11) and the air and liquid mixer (16) that is connected with urea tank (3) in order through first pipeline; Be provided with one-level filter cleaner (4), first temperature transducer (2) and liquid level sensor (1) in the said urea tank (3);
Pipeline between said urea straightway pump (7) and the said secondary filter cleaner (8) is provided with a threeway, and this three pipeline of passing between the said urea tank (3) is second pipeline certainly, and said second pipeline is connected with an end of a urea backflow Pneumatic valve (21);
On said first pipeline, be provided with second temperature transducer (20), urea pressure transducer (19) and accumulator (9) between said secondary filter cleaner (8) and said first solenoid valve (11) being positioned at; Said accumulator (9) is a bag type accumulator, and said accumulator (9) is communicated with the gas piping that comes from vehicle-mounted source of the gas through first one-way valve (10);
On the said gas piping, between vehicle-mounted source of the gas (26) to said first one-way valve (10), be provided with gas cleaner (25), gas pressure reducer (24), second solenoid valve (23) and second one-way valve (22) successively;
The other end of said urea backflow Pneumatic valve (21) is communicated with said gas piping, and this connection node is a four-way, and said four-way also is communicated with a gas throttling orifice plate (18), said first one-way valve (10) and said second one-way valve (22); The other end of said gas throttling orifice plate is connected to said air and liquid mixer (16);
Said injection unit (15) comprises nozzle component; Said nozzle component is used for gas-liquid mixture is sprayed onto the gas exhaust piping that is communicated with SCR catalyst converter (12) upper reaches of vehicle; Said nozzle component comprises nozzle (31), body (32) and the interface tube (33) that connects successively; Be set with set screw nut (35) on the said body (32), be provided with retaining washer (34) between said set screw nut (35) and the said body (32), be inlaid with fan nozzle core (36) in the said nozzle (31); Said nozzle (31) is provided with a plurality of spray-holes (37), said spray-hole (37) axially consistent with the engine exhaust airflow direction; Said interface tube (33) is connected with said air and liquid mixer (16); The downstream of said SCR catalyst converter (12) are provided with three-temperature sensor (14) and NOx sensor (13);
The said unit that thaws comprises cooling water thawing structure and electric heating device structure; Wherein, Said cooling water thawing structure is to utilize the cooling water on the vehicle motor to realize thawing of urea tank (3); Said cooling water thawing structure comprises the water thawing pipeline (6) that is connected with said urea tank (3), and said water thawing pipeline (6) is provided with the 3rd solenoid valve (5); Said electric heating device structure is used for thawing of system's first pipeline and second pipeline; Said electric heating device structure comprises resistance wire;
Said control unit (17) is made up of signal processing module, power driver module, bus driver module, power module and single-chip microcomputer; Said control unit (17) carries out communication through the control unit of engine of CAN bus and vehicle, to obtain engine speed, torque signal; Simultaneously; Said control unit (17) and said urea feeding unit are connected with all the sensors with urea straightway pump (7), all solenoid valves in the said unit that thaws; Said control unit (17) receives the signal of all the sensors; Said control unit (17) is controlled the running of said urea straightway pump (7) or is stopped, and said control unit (17) is controlled the unlatching of all solenoid valves or closed.
2. according to the said urea-spray system that is used to reduce motor NOx discharging of claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said urea reflux gas control valve (21) adopts the diaphragm type control valve, and wherein, a side of diaphragm is a gas; The opposite side of diaphragm is a liquid, is controlled the open and close of second pipeline by the displacement of diaphragm.
3. according to the said urea-spray system that is used to reduce motor NOx discharging of claim 1, it is characterized in that said urea straightway pump (7) is used for urea from urea tank (3) extraction, and be that liquid in first pipeline provides fluid pressure.
4. a urea-spray controlling method that is used to reduce motor NOx discharging is characterized in that, is used to reduce the controlling method of the urea-spray system of motor NOx discharging according to claim 1, comprising:
Signal processing module in the said control unit (17) continues to receive the signal that comes from first temperature transducer (2), second temperature transducer (20), three-temperature sensor (14), liquid level sensor (1) and pressure transducer (19); And signal carried out data transfer, be sent to single-chip microcomputer then;
Said control unit (17) is controlled through power driver module according to the data that receive as follows:
The start and stop of control urea straightway pump (7) are in order to realize the startup of urea-spray system;
Start and stop, the break-make of first solenoid valve (11), the unlatching cycle of second solenoid valve (23) and the closure or openness of urea backflow Pneumatic valve (21) of control urea straightway pump (7) are in order to realize the metered injection of urea-spray system;
Control the break-make of first solenoid valve (11), the break-make of second solenoid valve (23) and the closure or openness of urea backflow Pneumatic valve (21), in order to the shutdown of realization urea-spray system and the emptying in the stopping process;
Control the energising and the outage of resistance wire in the closure or openness, electric heating device structure of the 3rd solenoid valve (5), in order to realize thawing of urea-spray system;
Control unit (17) continues to monitor the NOx emissions data that records according to said NOx sensor (13); And binding engine rotating speed and torque load information calculations go out the emission result of NOx; When this result was higher than the limit value under the motor normal condition, control unit (17) was pointed out through warning.
5. according to the said urea-spray controlling method that is used to reduce motor NOx discharging of claim 4; It is characterized in that; Said urea straightway pump (7) adopts the intermittent work mode, by said control unit (17) according to pressure transducer (19) the said urea straightway pump of measured pressure control (7) start and stop.
6. according to the said urea-spray controlling method that is used to reduce motor NOx discharging of claim 4; It is characterized in that the limit value under the said motor normal condition is meant the requirement that will satisfy in the NBS " automobile-used compression-ignited, the gaseous fuel spark-ignition engine of GB17691-2005 and automobile exhaust pollutant discharge limit value and method of measurement ".
7. according to the said urea-spray controlling method that is used to reduce motor NOx discharging of claim 4, it is characterized in that in the system starting process, second solenoid valve (23) cuts out, urea backflow Pneumatic valve (21) is in opening state; Urea straightway pump (7) running, system stop urea straightway pump (7) after being full of urea, and second solenoid valve (23) is opened simultaneously, and urea backflow Pneumatic valve (21) is closed.
8. according to the said urea-spray controlling method that is used to reduce motor NOx discharging of claim 4; It is characterized in that; In system's stopped process; At first urea straightway pump (7) cuts out, the opening and closing successively of second solenoid valve (23) and first solenoid valve (11) make urea residual in the system pipeline thoroughly be back in the urea tank (3) along second pipeline for several times then.
9. according to the said urea-spray controlling method that is used to reduce motor NOx discharging of claim 4; It is characterized in that; When supply voltage is higher than the voltage rating of second solenoid valve (11); Use the mode of PWM that the voltage of importing second solenoid valve (11) is controlled, it is conformed to, with the voltage rating of demand to protect second solenoid valve (11).
10. according to the said urea-spray controlling method that is used to reduce motor NOx discharging of claim 4; It is characterized in that; When recording with second temperature transducer (20) that temperature is lower than the lower limit of setting in the pipeline in the urea tank (3) that records by first temperature transducer (2); Control unit (17) will be opened the 3rd solenoid valve (5), and connect the resistance wire that is used for heating pipe; When recording with second temperature transducer (20) that temperature is higher than the CLV ceiling limit value of setting in the pipeline in the urea tank (3) that is recorded by first temperature transducer (2), control unit (17) is closed the 3rd solenoid valve (5), and cuts off the power supply of said resistance wire.
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