CN102745060A - Hybrid power driving system - Google Patents
Hybrid power driving system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102745060A CN102745060A CN2012102553448A CN201210255344A CN102745060A CN 102745060 A CN102745060 A CN 102745060A CN 2012102553448 A CN2012102553448 A CN 2012102553448A CN 201210255344 A CN201210255344 A CN 201210255344A CN 102745060 A CN102745060 A CN 102745060A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hybrid power driving system, comprising an engine, a planet gear mechanism, a generator and a motor, wherein the engine is provided with an output shaft, the planet gear mechanism comprises a gear ring, a planet frame and a sun gear, the gear ring is connected with the output shaft of the engine, the generator is provided with a generator rotor, the generator rotor is coaxially fixed with the sun gear, the motor is provided with a motor rotor, the motor rotor is connected with the planet frame by virtue of a middle shaft; and a clutch device is arranged between the gear ring and the planet frame. The invention solves the problems that transmission energy loss of the planet gear in an engine hybrid operating mode is high in the series-parallel hybrid power system and a vehicle which is frequently in low-speed traveling operating state is difficult to be located in an high-efficiency operation region in the prior art and further provides a series-parallel hybrid power system which is applicable to a vehicle frequently in low-speed traveling operating state and can cause the vehicle to be located in the high-efficiency operation region.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vehicle power drive system, specifically a kind of hybrid electric drive system.
Background technology
Hybrid electric drive system has series, parallel and three kinds of forms of series-parallel connection.Series connection type hybrid power system is that the power of by electrical generator driving engine being exported earlier all converts electric energy into; Convert electrical energy into the mechanical powered drive wheel through electrical motor again; Its advantage is to realize the optimal control of driving engine, and its shortcoming is that degradation of energy is big through twice transformation of energy.Parallel system is that other adds one road electric drive system on traditional car transmissions basis, and auxiliary power is provided during for car acceleration or climbing.Internal-combustion engine system and motor driven systems respectively have a cover mechanical speed change mechanism in the existing series-parallel hybrid electric system; Two overlap mechanisms or pass through train of gears; Or adopt the planet gear type structure to combine, thereby the rotation speed relation between comprehensive adjustment combustion engine and the electrical motor.
Chinese patent document CN1769087A discloses a kind of hybrid drive, has input from combustion engine powered input shaft, the axle shaft, itself and above-mentioned input shaft aligned configuration on rotation centerline, and with the drive wheels interlock; First electrical motor, it is disposed on the above-mentioned rotation centerline, and has stator and rotor; Planetary wheel is used in power distribution, and it is disposed on the above-mentioned rotation centerline, and have first rotating element that is linked to above-mentioned input shaft, continuously in second rotating element of the rotor of last brown first electrical motor, and continuously in the 3rd rotating element of above-mentioned output shaft; Second electrical motor, it is disposed on the above-mentioned rotation centerline, and has stator and rotor; Transmission system, it is disposed on the above-mentioned centre of gration, and the rotation of the rotor of above-mentioned second electrical motor is carried out speed change and is delivered to above-mentioned output shaft.
Disclosed hybrid drive adopts starting of second electrical motor or motion in the above-mentioned patent documentation when starting or low speed, when speed further improves, adopts the driving engine and the second electrical motor combination drive; The power of driving engine transmits through planetary wheel, when speed further improves, when driving engine is in efficient region of operation; When no longer needing electrical motor to assist; The power of driving engine still need transmit through planetary wheel, and the energy delivered loss is big, is in the full size vehicle of this speed interval for the most of the time; Such as city bus, because the economy of this part degradation of energy influence is very important; And different with manufacturing process according to planetary material, engine power is different through planetary transmission degradation of energy, and transmitting ratio is big more, and the efficient of its transmission is low more, and energy consumption is big more.
The vehicle (for example city bus or one-shot job special vehicle) that often is in low speed driving work is generally different with the employed driving engine of dilly; When the driving engine of the vehicle that often is in low speed driving work adopts the described hybrid drive of above-mentioned patent documentation; Owing to still need transmit when system engine is in efficient district through planetary wheel; Reduced energy efficiency, therefore, adopted above-mentioned hybrid drive to be difficult to make such vehicle to be in efficient region of operation if often be in the vehicle of low speed driving work; Therefore waste of power is big, is unfavorable for energy conservation.
Summary of the invention
For this reason; Technical matters to be solved by this invention is that the planetary transmission degradation of energy of the mode of operation of driving engine combination drive in the hybrid electric drive system of the prior art is big and be difficult to make the vehicle that often is in low speed driving work to be in efficient region of operation, and then provides a kind of and be applicable under the low speed operation operating mode of being everlasting and make such vehicle be in the hybrid electric drive system of efficient region of operation.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of hybrid electric drive system of the present invention comprises
Driving engine has an output shaft;
Sun and planet gear comprises gear ring, pinion carrier, sun wheel, and wherein said gear ring links to each other with said engine output shaft;
Electrical generator has a generator amature, and said generator amature is coaxial fixing with said sun wheel;
Electrical motor has a motor rotor, and said motor rotor is connected through a tween drive shaft with said pinion carrier;
Also be provided with an arrangement of clutch between said gear ring and the said pinion carrier.
Said gear ring has extension, said extension have each other vertical with said tween drive shaft and with the extended surface of said pinion carrier one parallel sided, said arrangement of clutch is arranged between the said side of said extended surface and pinion carrier.
Also comprise a control system, said electrical generator, sun and planet gear, said electrical motor and said arrangement of clutch are electrically connected with said control system.
Said generator amature center is formed with chamber, and said sun and planet gear is arranged in the said chamber.
Said tween drive shaft is provided with a speed-changing mechanism, and said speed-changing mechanism has input part and efferent, and said input part is captiveed joint with said tween drive shaft, and said efferent is captiveed joint with said motor rotor.
Said speed-changing mechanism is arranged between said electrical generator and the electrical motor.
Said speed-changing mechanism is arranged between said electrical motor and the takeoff output portion.
Said electrical generator is electrically connected with a closed-center system, and said electrical motor also is electrically connected with said closed-center system.
Said closed-center system is storage battery or super capacitor.
Said arrangement of clutch is a lamella clutch.
Technique scheme of the present invention is compared prior art and is had the following advantages,
(1) in hybrid electric drive system according to the invention; Between the inboard and said pinion carrier of the said gear ring frame outside, also be coaxially arranged with arrangement of clutch, promptly when arrangement of clutch is thrown off, can realize that vehicle is at electric-only mode; When the arrangement of clutch closure; Gear ring and planetary wheel are rotated synchronously, can realize the driving engine direct drive, reduce the degradation of energy that Conversion of energy causes; Driving engine makes it remain on the work of efficient district for a long time through the switching of various modes, has improved the energy efficiency of driving engine greatly;
(2) in hybrid electric drive system according to the invention, said generator amature center is formed with chamber, and said sun and planet gear is arranged in the said chamber, has shortened the axial distance of planetary wheel and electrical generator, and structure is compact more.
Description of drawings
For content of the present invention is more clearly understood, below according to a particular embodiment of the invention and combine accompanying drawing, the present invention is done further detailed explanation, wherein
Fig. 1 is a hybrid electric drive system according to the invention;
Fig. 2 is the said hybrid electric drive system that has speed-changing mechanism among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the rearmounted said hybrid electric drive system of speed-changing mechanism among the present invention.
Reference numeral is expressed as among the figure: 10-driving engine, 11-output shaft, 20-sun and planet gear, 21-gear ring, 22-extension; 23-planetary wheel, 24-pinion carrier, 25-sun wheel, 30-electrical generator, 31-generator amature, 32-generator unit stator; The 33-anchor fitting, 40-electrical motor, 41-motor rotor, 42-motor stator; The 50-axle drive shaft, 60-tween drive shaft, 70-arrangement of clutch, 90-speed-changing mechanism.
The specific embodiment
Shown in Figure 1 is a kind of hybrid electric drive system described in the present embodiment, comprises
Sun and planet gear 20, it comprise gear ring 21, said gear ring 21 centers and said output shaft 11 coaxial fixing, with said gear ring 21 in a plurality of planetary wheels of ingear, with the fixing pinion carrier 24 of said planetary wheel 23 and the sun wheel 25 of said planetary wheel 23 external toothings;
Also be provided with an arrangement of clutch 70 between said gear ring 21 and the said pinion carrier 24; Gear ring described in the present embodiment 21 has extension 22; Said extension 22 have vertical each other with said tween drive shaft 60 and with the extended surface of said pinion carrier one parallel sided; Said arrangement of clutch 70 is arranged between the said side of said extended surface and pinion carrier 24; Said arrangement of clutch 70 is set in the present embodiment is on the same rotation axis, see shown in Figure 1 for the center and the said tween drive shaft 60 of lamella clutch and said arrangement of clutch 70.Certainly, arrangement of clutch 70 is slightly offset also can realize clutch, as long as pinion carrier 24 is in the normal clutch that same rotation axis just can be realized arrangement of clutch 70 with extension 22.
Further, present embodiment is on the basis of the foregoing description, and said electrical generator 30, sun and planet gear 20, said electrical motor 40 and said arrangement of clutch 70 are electrically connected with a control system.
Hybrid electric drive system described in the present embodiment has following five kinds of mode of operation:
One, electric-only mode: driving engine 10 does not start; Arrangement of clutch 70 is in disengaged condition; The rotation of motor rotor 41 drives said tween drive shaft 60 and rotates; Rotate and then drive wheels thereby drive, can adjust the rotating speed and the torque of electrical motor 40 as required with said tween drive shaft 60 bonded assembly axle drive shafts 50.Simultaneously; Tween drive shaft 60 also drives pinion carrier 24 and rotates, and rotate thereby drive the anchor fitting of captiveing joint with sun wheel 25, and then it is driven to drive generator amature 31; Make generator amature 31 be in idling conditions this moment; The torque major part of electrical motor 40 output is used for powered vehicle through axle drive shaft 50, and few part is used for overcoming the self inertia torque of electrical generator 30, and this moment is by electrical motor 40 independent drive vehicle '.
Two, pure engine mode: driving engine 10 is opened; Arrangement of clutch 70 is in closure state; Driving engine 10 is through gear ring 21 outputting powers, and sun wheel 25 is driven, and satellite gear drives said tween drive shaft 60 rotations; Thereby drive with said tween drive shaft 60 bonded assembly axle drive shafts 50 and rotate and then drive wheels driving engine 10 direct drive vehicles.Electrical generator 30 can dally or generate electricity as required, promptly controls said generator unit stator 32 no powers or energising through control system, when driving engine 10 energy surplus, electrical generator 30 generating, and with power storage in accumulator; At this moment, motor rotor 41 idle running are controlled said motor stator 42 no powers through control system.
Three, mixed mode one: driving engine 10 is opened; Arrangement of clutch 70 is in disengaged condition, and driving engine 10 is through gear ring 21 outputting powers, and driving engine 10 is through planetary wheel 23 back reduction of speed outputs; The mode of operation of control electrical generator 30 is finely tuned driving engine 10 output speeds.Tween drive shaft 60 drives electrical motor 40 idle running, and this moment, electrical generator 30 rotating speeds and driving engine 10 rotating speeds were through sun and planet gear 20 couplings.
Four, mixed mode two: driving engine 10 is opened; Arrangement of clutch 70 is in closure state; Gear ring 21 and planetary wheel 23 are rotated synchronously; Directly through gear ring 21 outputting powers, promptly the rotating speed of tween drive shaft 60 is identical with the rotating speed of driving engine 10 for driving engine 10, sun wheel 25 driven drive generator amature 31 idle running or generatings.Closed-center system is given electrical motor 40 energizes, is drive system torque is provided.This moment driving engine 10 with electrical motor 40 torque coupling, for system provides stronger power-handling capability.
Five, charge mode, when closed-center system need charge, power-transfer clutch can be thrown off, and driving engine 10 can isolated operation drive electrical generator 30 generatings, is used for to the closed-center system charging, and said closed-center system is storage battery or super capacitor.
Further, present embodiment is on the basis of the foregoing description, and said generator amature 31 centers are formed with chamber, and said sun and planet gear 20 is arranged in the said chamber, more practices thrift the size on the hybrid electric drive system axis, makes each component distribution more reasonable.
Present embodiment is on the basis of the foregoing description, and said tween drive shaft 60 is provided with a speed-changing mechanism 90, and said speed-changing mechanism 90 has input part and efferent; Said input part is captiveed joint with said tween drive shaft 60, and said efferent is captiveed joint with said motor rotor 41, said speed-changing mechanism 90 is set in the present embodiment is arranged between said electrical generator 30 and the electrical motor 40; When vehicle was in electric-only mode, electrical motor 40 can carry out reduction of speed to the rotating speed of tween drive shaft 60 through speed-changing mechanism 90, promptly can guarantee electrical motor 40 high-speed operations; Tween drive shaft 60 rotating speeds of captiveing joint with said varying-speed machinery are reduced; And then when satisfying practical operation to the requirement of the actual speed of axle drive shaft 50, and help the design of electrical motor 40 small sizes, practice thrift interior space; Said speed-changing mechanism 90 is set in the present embodiment to be arranged between said electrical generator 30 and the electrical motor 40; Vibrations as shown in Figure 2, as can to alleviate operator's compartment improve driver comfort.
As disposable embodiment, the said speed-changing mechanism 90 in the present embodiment is arranged between said electrical generator 30 and the electrical motor 40, promptly is arranged at said electrical motor 40 1 sides away from said driving engine 10, and is as shown in Figure 3.
The working process of hybrid electric drive system described in the foregoing description is following:
At first; Adopt electric-only mode to start to walk and low speed driving when the speed of a motor vehicle being set in the present embodiment being lower than first preset vehicle speed; Be that driving engine 10 does not start, arrangement of clutch 70 is in disengaged condition, and the rotation of motor rotor 41 drives said tween drive shaft 60 and rotates; Rotate and then drive wheels thereby drive, can adjust the rotating speed and the torque of electrical motor 40 as required with said tween drive shaft 60 bonded assembly axle drive shafts 50.Simultaneously, tween drive shaft 60 also drives pinion carrier 24 and rotates, and rotates thereby drive the anchor fitting of captiveing joint with sun wheel 25; And then it is driven to drive generator amature 31; Make generator amature 31 be in idling conditions this moment, and promptly controlling said generator unit stator 32 no powers through control system does not have magnetic field, therefore; Even generator amature 31 rotations do not have inducing current and induced electric motive force yet and produce; The torque major part of electrical motor 40 output is used for powered vehicle through axle drive shaft 50, and few part is used for overcoming the self inertia torque of electrical generator 30, and this moment is by electrical motor 40 independent drive vehicle '.
When vehicle continues to go, reduce electrical motor 40 rotating speeds regulator generator 30 rotating speeds simultaneously, make its coupling output speed steady, to keep vehicle steady; When electrical motor 40 speed drops near 0 the time, engage arrangement of clutch 70, make electrical motor 40 drive driving engines 10 and start; Driving engine 10 starts the back and throws off arrangement of clutch 70, and driving engine 10 gets into efficient district fast, and vehicle is converted to mixed mode one from electric-only mode; Be that arrangement of clutch 70 is in disengaged condition; Driving engine 10 is through gear ring 21 outputting powers, and the mode of operation of control electrical generator 30 is finely tuned driving engine 10 output speeds.Tween drive shaft 60 drives electrical motor 40 idle running, and this moment, electrical generator 30 rotating speeds and driving engine 10 rotating speeds were through sun and planet gear 20 couplings., the rotating speed of driving engine 10 carries out reduction of speed through sun and planet gear 20, and therefore, the rotating speed of the revolution ratio driving engine 10 of tween drive shaft 60 is low; At this moment, motor rotor 41 can dally, and also can follow according to road conditions and need additional torque be provided for driving engine 10.
When further raising of the speed of a motor vehicle, driving engine 10 can not continue to operate in efficient district under the mode of operation of mixed mode one, and vehicle is converted to pure engine mode from mixed mode one; Be that driving engine 10 is in opening; Arrangement of clutch 70 is in closure state, and driving engine 10 is through gear ring 21 outputting powers, and sun wheel 25 is driven; Satellite gear drives said tween drive shaft 60 rotations; Rotate and then drive wheels thereby drive with said tween drive shaft 60 bonded assembly axle drive shafts 50, driving engine 10 is 1:1 with the revolution ratio of tween drive shaft 60, is also promptly advanced by driving engine 10 direct drive vehicles; Electrical generator 30 can dally or generate electricity as required, promptly controls said generator unit stator 32 no powers or energising through control system, when driving engine 10 energy surplus, and electrical generator 30 generatings, and can be stored in electricity in the accumulator; At this moment, motor rotor 41 idle running are controlled said motor stator 42 no powers through control system; The rotation of motor rotor 41 can also consumption of engine 10 excess energy, make driving engine 10 be operated in efficient district better.
Certainly, above-mentioned various mode of operations can be adjusted according to actual conditions in good time, also can use separately.Hybrid electric drive system according to the invention utilizes the output of 23 pairs of driving engines 10 of planetary wheel to carry out reduction of speed; Make driving engine 10 get into the work of efficient district fast; When driving engine 10 is in the work of efficient district; Driving engine 10 direct drive vehicles advance, thereby have enlarged the scope of engine high-efficiency district work, have practiced thrift the energy greatly.
Obviously, the foregoing description only be for explanation clearly done for example, and be not qualification to embodiment.For the those of ordinary skill in affiliated field, on the basis of above-mentioned explanation, can also make other multi-form variation or change.Here need not also can't give exhaustive to all embodiments.And conspicuous variation of being extended out thus or change still are among the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a hybrid electric drive system comprises
Driving engine (10) has an output shaft (11);
Sun and planet gear (20) comprises gear ring (21), pinion carrier (24), sun wheel (25), and wherein said gear ring (21) links to each other with the output shaft (11) of said driving engine (10);
Electrical generator (30) has a generator amature (31), and said generator amature (31) is coaxial fixing with said sun wheel (25);
Electrical motor (40) has a motor rotor (41), and said motor rotor (41) is connected through a tween drive shaft (60) with said pinion carrier (24);
It is characterized in that, also be provided with an arrangement of clutch (70) between said gear ring (21) and the said pinion carrier (24).
2. according to the said hybrid electric drive system of claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said gear ring (21) has extension (22); Said extension (22) have each other vertical with said tween drive shaft (60) and with the extended surface of said pinion carrier one parallel sided, said arrangement of clutch (70) is arranged between the said side of said extended surface and pinion carrier (24).
3. according to claim 1 or 2 said hybrid electric drive systems; It is characterized in that; Also comprise a control system, said electrical generator (30), sun and planet gear (20), said electrical motor (40) and said arrangement of clutch (70) are electrically connected with said control system.
4. according to the arbitrary said hybrid electric drive system of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that said generator amature (31) center is formed with chamber, said sun and planet gear (20) is arranged in the said chamber.
5. according to the arbitrary said hybrid electric drive system of claim 1-4; It is characterized in that; Said tween drive shaft (60) is provided with a speed-changing mechanism (90); Said speed-changing mechanism (90) has input part and efferent, and said input part is captiveed joint with said tween drive shaft (60), and said efferent is captiveed joint with said motor rotor (41).
6. according to the arbitrary said hybrid electric drive system of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that said speed-changing mechanism (90) is arranged between said electrical generator (30) and the electrical motor (40).
7. according to the arbitrary said hybrid electric drive system of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that said speed-changing mechanism (90) is arranged between said electrical motor (40) and the takeoff output portion.
8. according to the arbitrary said hybrid electric drive system of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that said electrical generator (30) is electrically connected with a closed-center system, said electrical motor (40) also is electrically connected with said closed-center system.
9. according to the arbitrary said hybrid electric drive system of claim 1-8, it is characterized in that said closed-center system is storage battery or super capacitor.
10. according to the arbitrary said hybrid electric drive system of claim 1-9, it is characterized in that said arrangement of clutch (70) is a lamella clutch.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012102553448A CN102745060A (en) | 2012-07-23 | 2012-07-23 | Hybrid power driving system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012102553448A CN102745060A (en) | 2012-07-23 | 2012-07-23 | Hybrid power driving system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104191954B (en) * | 2014-09-13 | 2016-06-29 | 吉林大学 | Planetary type dual-mode petrol-electric parallel-serial hybrid power system |
| CN109130834A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2019-01-04 | 天津市松正电动汽车技术股份有限公司 | A kind of hybrid power passenger car driving strategy |
| CN110103974A (en) * | 2019-05-12 | 2019-08-09 | 东南大学 | A kind of forward design method of multimodal fusion power vehicle pattern switching figure |
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Application publication date: 20121024 |