CN102742542B - Method and device for water feeding and water draining of rectangular cultivating pond of young panax - Google Patents
Method and device for water feeding and water draining of rectangular cultivating pond of young panax Download PDFInfo
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- CN102742542B CN102742542B CN 201210262117 CN201210262117A CN102742542B CN 102742542 B CN102742542 B CN 102742542B CN 201210262117 CN201210262117 CN 201210262117 CN 201210262117 A CN201210262117 A CN 201210262117A CN 102742542 B CN102742542 B CN 102742542B
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- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 claims description 44
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims description 44
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 claims description 44
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 12
- 241000965254 Apostichopus japonicus Species 0.000 description 8
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 8
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
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- VTEIFHQUZWABDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl)-2-methoxyethanamine Chemical compound COC(CN)C1=CC(OC)=C(C)C=C1OC VTEIFHQUZWABDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000221377 Auricularia Species 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for water feeding and water draining of a rectangular cultivating pond of young panax. A water feeding pipe and a water draining pipe are arranged in a rectangular pond body along the diagonal direction respectively, the water feeding pipe is arranged at one corner of the rectangular pond body, and the water draining pipe is arranged at the position diagonal to the corner where the water feeding pipe is arranged, so that the path of the water flow is extended, and the residence time of the water feeding in the pond is prolonged correspondingly; a plurality of rows of swirl nozzles are arranged on the wall of the water feeding pipe along the vertical direction, each row includes three swirl nozzles facing towards three directions inside the pond, and the row of the swirl nozzles in the middle face towards the diagonal direction of the pond; the water draining pipe is of inner and outer casing pipe structure in which the water level can be adjusted, the height of the water draining port on the inner pipe can be controlled through moving the inner pipe of the water draining pipe up and down to adjust the water level in the pond. The method disclosed by the invention can effectively reduce the volume of a stagnant water area in the pond, improve the water qualiy and the survival rate as well as the growth rate of the young panax, thereby realizing the effects of separation of sewage rows, reduction of pressure of purification treatment of discharge water and secondary utilization of upper layer water draining in the pond.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of marine product and cultivate pond drainage method, the young ginseng of especially a kind of rectangle is cultivated drainage method and the device in pond.
Background technology
Stichopus japonicus is a kind of marine animal with pharmacodynamic feature, continuous lifting along with market sales volume, the apostichopus japonicus culture industry is fast-developing in recent years, the technology of relevant holothurian cultivation pond has been reported, such as CN102090366A(CN201010559176.2) a kind of sea cucumber culture pond disclosed, comprise the culturing pool body, the bottom of culturing pool body is provided with delivery port, described culturing pool body is inverted round table-like, and delivery port is arranged on the circle centre position of culturing pool body bottom surface, position near culturing pool body bottom is provided with the culturing net that matches with its cross section, is provided with the water inlet pipe tangent with the top cross section track of culturing pool body on the top of culturing pool body.This technical scheme can be carried out automatic pollution discharge when changing water, save expense and the work of pond periodic cleaning, reduces the holothruian cultures cost.
Apostichopus japonicus culture at first needs to grow seedlings, and stichopus japonicus seedling is also referred to as young ginseng, and it is the key factor of apostichopus japonicus culture industry development that young ginseng is cultivated.Young ginseng is cultivated and is referred at the beginning of 11 months to early April in next year winter-spring season indoor culture during this period of time.Young ginseng is cultivated needs 10 ℃ to 18 ℃ higher water temperature, and the intensification cost is higher, is restricted so cultivate the exchange capacity of Chi Shui this period.The young ginseng rectangle of tradition is cultivated the pond and is adopted the major axis of side central part water inlet, an other side central part draining to advance drainage pattern to direction, pond current attitude off-design original intention, and there is dead band (such as Fig. 9) in pool inner water, can not realize that pool inner water efficiently mixes with water inlet.Thereby harmful water prime factor (non-ionic ammonia, sulphide, nitrite, BOD have been caused
5) often exceed allowed band, had a strong impact on normal development and the growth rate of young ginseng, cause young ginseng cultivating survival rate low, cultivation density is limited, has affected unit of water body output of seedling and seed size.
The young ginseng cultivation of traditional rectangular pond is adopted major axis to advance drainage pattern to direction and is changed water, change water 1/5, with formula F=1-e at every turn
-0.2Can calculate the actual substitution rate F that at every turn changes new water behind the water is 0.1813 (18.13%), and the substitution rate that changes water for 5 times is 1-(0.8187)
5=0.6322=63.22%.Thereby undesirable to the mode effects that advances draining along the rectangle form pool major axis, for example, non-ionic ammonia (NH
3-N) safe concentration of stichopus japonicus auricularia is lower than 0.070mg/L to 96 hours LC of the young ginseng of the long 1cm of body
50Be 1.65mg/L, non-ionic ammonia can calculate to be 0.1 * 1.65=0.165mg/L to the safe concentration of young ginseng.The concentration relationship of non-ionic ammonia is to young ginseng survival rate and growth, and referring to (1993) such as Pang Junhui, ammonia is to the toxic effect of stichopus japonicus, aquatic science, 12 (9): 8-11.
The discharging mode that advances of existing other fish hatchings is only applicable to necton, be not suitable for zoobenthos, young ginseng and children's ginseng are cultivated very high for the requirement of water quality, tradition is advanced the requirement that discharging mode all can not adapt to young ginseng and the cultivation of children's ginseng of advancing of drainage pattern and fish hatching, is unfavorable for the needs of apostichopus japonicus culture industry fast development.
Summary of the invention
Advance the low defective of drainage pattern water exchange rate in order to solve traditional young ginseng cultivation pond, the invention provides the young ginseng of a kind of rectangle and cultivate pond drainage method.The present invention also provides the young ginseng of a kind of rectangle to cultivate pond drainage device.
Summary of the invention
The young ginseng of rectangle of the present invention is cultivated pond drainage method, water inlet adopts the formula three-dimensional that hangs down to arrange the swirl nozzle structure more, draining is adopted to be placed in and is cultivated regulating level internal and external casing device in the pond, water inlet and draining are laid along the pond diagonal, make pond current attitude more trend towards plug-flow, the water exchange rate is higher, can effectively reduce harmful water prime factor concentration, significantly improve young ginseng survival rate and growth rate, and can further improve cultivation density.
Detailed Description Of The Invention
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The young ginseng of a kind of rectangle is cultivated pond drainage method, in the rectangle form pool body, follow diagonal a water inlet pipe and a drainpipe are set respectively, water inlet pipe is arranged on one jiao of rectangle form pool body, at its diagonal position drainpipe is set, flow path is prolonged, the time of staying corresponding prolongation of water inlet in the pond; Described water inlet pipe is vertically stretched Da Chidi, be provided with in the vertical direction many row's swirl nozzles on the water inlet pipe tube wall, each horizontally-arranged swirl nozzle is 3,3 directions in the pond respectively, unidirectional swirl nozzle consistency from top to bottom among each row becomes perpendicular row, near a row nozzle of pond minor face towards the direction parallel with this minor face, near the row nozzle on long limit, pond towards the direction parallel with this long limit, the row nozzle in the middle of being positioned at be oriented the pond to the angular direction; Equidistant evenly distribution between about the nozzle of each horizontally-arranged.
Preferred according to the present invention, described drainpipe is vertically stretched Da Chidi, drainpipe is the internal and external casing structure of regulating level, inner tube external diameter and outer tube diameter are suitable, in outer tube one side an opening are arranged from the top to the middle part, and the vertical section of this opening is rectangular, the cross section is curved, arc length is 30 ~ 40% of outer tube girth, the nearly upper end of inner tube one side has a discharge outlet, this discharge outlet upper end is provided with handle, the pulling handle, and inner tube can slide up and down within the outer tube.When the discharge outlet of inner tube overlaps with the opening of outer tube, can realize draining.
Preferred according to the present invention, establish 5 ~ 8 row's swirl nozzles on the water inlet pipe tube wall vertical direction, each row's swirl nozzle is 3, has 15 ~ 24 nozzles on the water inlet pipe tube wall.
Preferred according to the present invention, described every row's swirl nozzle water outlet direction is 90 °, 20 ° ~ 40 ° and 0 ° of angle with long limit respectively, and further preferred every row's swirl nozzle water outlet direction is 90 °, 30 ° and 0 ° of angle with long limit respectively.
Swirl nozzle of the present invention adopts the liquid swirl nozzle of this area routine to get final product, and can buy by market.Preferably, described swirl nozzle center arranges the direct current spray orifice, direct current spray orifice periphery arranges the eddy flow spray orifice and is communicated with nozzle inner vortex duct, so that the existing rotary water current that penetrates by helix of the current of nozzle ejection has again the straight line current that penetrate by the shower nozzle center.
The outer tube of described drainpipe and inner tube are PVC material (polyvinyl chloride pipe), make things convenient for cutting openings and rectangle discharge outlet.
Drainpipe of the present invention is sleeve structure, on inner pipe discharge outlet top handle arranged, on propose or press down the adjusting that handle can be realized distance at the bottom of upper water and the pond, that is to say the adjusting of water level.Drainpipe regulating level of the present invention, the dirty row of realization separate, and needn't establish in addition the water level adjustable pipe outside the pond.
The young ginseng of a kind of rectangle is cultivated the pond and is advanced, drainage arrangement, comprise the rectangle form pool body, a water inlet pipe and a drainpipe, it is characterized in that, the vertical diagonal two ends that are positioned at the young ginseng cultivation of rectangle pond with drainpipe of water inlet pipe, described water inlet pipe is vertically stretched Da Chidi, be provided with in the vertical direction many row's swirl nozzles on the water inlet pipe tube wall, each horizontally-arranged swirl nozzle is 3,3 directions in the pond respectively, unidirectional swirl nozzle consistency from top to bottom among each row becomes perpendicular row, one row nozzle of close pond minor face is towards the direction parallel with this minor face, near the row nozzle on long limit, pond towards the direction parallel with this long limit, the row nozzle in the middle of being positioned at be oriented the pond to the angular direction; Equidistant evenly distribution between each row's the nozzle; 3 nozzle water outlets of every row direction is 90 °, 20 ° ~ 40 ° and 0 ° of angle with the long limit of pond body respectively;
Described drainpipe is that internal and external casing consists of, and inner tube external diameter and outer tube diameter are suitable, in outer tube one side an opening are arranged from the top to the middle part, and the vertical section of this opening is rectangular, the cross section is curved, arc length is 30 ~ 40% of outer tube girth; The nearly upper end of inner tube one side has a discharge outlet, and the discharge outlet upper end is provided with handle.
The inner tube discharge outlet is rectangle discharge outlet, the circular row mouth of a river, square discharge outlet or oval discharge outlet.Preferably, the length of inner tube discharge outlet below be on the outer tube the opening degree of depth 2/3 ~ 3/4.
Described water inlet pipe upper end is used for being connected with water supply line for water inlet, such as Fig. 1.Described drainpipe lower end is communicated with delivery port at the bottom of the pond.Described water inlet pipe lower end closed or be close at the bottom of the pond so that water inlet flows in the pond by water inlet pipe tube wall swirl nozzle.
The young ginseng cultivation of rectangle pond drainage device is preferred according to the present invention, establishes 5 ~ 8 row's swirl nozzles on the water inlet pipe tube wall vertical direction, and each row's swirl nozzle is 3, has 15 ~ 24 nozzles on the water inlet pipe tube wall.
The young ginseng cultivation of rectangle pond drainage device is preferred according to the present invention, and the pond body diagonal is 30 ° with long limit angle, and 3 nozzle water outlets of described every row direction is 90 °, 30 ° and 0 ° of angle with the long limit of pond body respectively.
The drainage device is preferred according to the present invention, described nozzle is swirl nozzle, nozzle center arranges the direct current spray orifice, direct current spray orifice periphery arranges the eddy flow spray orifice and is communicated with nozzle inner vortex duct, so that the existing rotary water current that penetrates by helix of the current of nozzle ejection has again the straight line current that penetrate by nozzle center.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
Project organization of the present invention is simple, follows diagonal in young ginseng cultivation pond a water inlet pipe and a drainpipe are set respectively, prolongs the time of staying of water inlet in the pond.Swirl nozzle on the used water inlet pipe of the present invention advances current to flow towards drainage direction from three directions, existing rotary water current, the straight line current are arranged again, and in three directions, a plurality of different water level directives pond, therefore water distribution is very even, does not almost have the hollow phenomenon, can be so that the current exchange is abundant, effectively reduce dead space volume, reduce pond water BOD
5Concentration reduces pool inner water non-ionic ammonia, nitrite, sulfide content, and stabilization pond water pH realizes that water inlet efficiently mixes with pool inner water, improves the exchange rate of water, improves survival rate and the cultivation density of young ginseng breeding phase.The drainage arrangement that the present invention is used can solve the water level adjustable pipe and be located at outside the pond and take the aisle problem, can the pond water level be regulated, and the heat energy of upper water is realized recycling, can realize that dirty row separates, and reduces treatment pressure of sewage simultaneously.Pull up the outer tube of drainpipe, also can realize pond bottom blowdown purpose.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that draining layout sectional view is advanced in the young ginseng cultivation of the rectangle of embodiment pond;
Fig. 2 is that draining layout vertical view is advanced in the young ginseng cultivation of the rectangle of embodiment pond;
Fig. 3 is the drainpipe vertical view that is placed in regulating level in the pond of embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the drainpipe end view that is placed in regulating level in the pond of embodiment;
Fig. 5 is that the formula of hanging down of embodiment is arranged Three-direction rotary flow nozzle water inlet pipe vertical view more;
Fig. 6 is that the formula of hanging down of embodiment is arranged Three-direction rotary flow nozzle water inlet pipe end view more;
Fig. 7, Fig. 8 are respectively cutaway view, the outside drawings of the swirl nozzle of embodiment.
Among the figure, 1 water inlet pipe, 2 drainpipes, 3 swirl nozzles, 4 handles, the rectangle discharge outlet on 5 inner tubes, 6 outer tubes, the opening on 7 outer tubes, 8 inner tubes, the direct current spray orifice of 9 shower nozzles, the helix duct of 10 nozzles, 11 water supply lines.
Fig. 9 is that the prior art axis of centres is to the spatial distribution of the non-dimension speed of drainage (v/vpf).
Embodiment
Further specify embodiments of the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.But be not limited to this.
The young ginseng of a kind of rectangle is cultivated pond drainage method and device, in the rectangle form pool body, follow diagonal a water inlet pipe and a drainpipe are set respectively, water inlet pipe is arranged on one jiao of rectangle form pool body, at its diagonal position drainpipe is set, flow path is prolonged, the time of staying corresponding prolongation of water inlet in the pond; Make pond current attitude more trend towards plug-flow, the water exchange rate is higher.
Install overall structure as shown in Figure 1, the young ginseng of rectangle is cultivated the pond specification: long 3.5m ~ 7m, and wide 2m ~ 4m, and the pond body diagonal is 30 ° with long limit angle.Suitable depth of water 0.9m ~ 1.2m.
Cultivate in the pond in the young ginseng of rectangle, along the pond diagonal water inlet pipe 1, drainpipe 2 are set vertically respectively.The water inlet of water inlet pipe upper end is connected the water inlet pipe lower end closed with water supply line 11.Described water inlet pipe 1 is provided with 6 row's Three-direction rotary flow nozzles 3.Water inlet pipe 1 goes directly along the pond roof pendant at the bottom of the pond, the water inlet pipe vertical cross section is provided with 3 towards the swirl nozzle 3 of three directions, the nozzle water outlet is 90 °, 30 ° and 0 ° of angle with the long limit in pond respectively, unidirectional swirl nozzle consistency from top to bottom Cheng Shulie among each row has 18 swirl nozzles of 6 row's 3 row.Described swirl nozzle center arranges direct current spray orifice (axially spray orifice), direct current spray orifice periphery arranges the eddy flow spray orifice, the eddy flow spray orifice is communicated with the helix duct in the nozzle, so that the existing rotary water current that penetrates by helix of the current of nozzle ejection has again the straight line current that penetrate by nozzle center.Can realize even water distribution, not have the hollow phenomenon; Nozzle water outlet influence area is large, can make current produce Rotating with Uniform.
Use drainage setting of the present invention and can effectively reduce slough volume in the pond, reduce pond water BOD
5Concentration reduces pool inner water non-ionic ammonia, nitrite, sulfide content, and stabilization pond water pH realizes that water inlet efficiently mixes with pool inner water, improves the exchange rate of water.
Test example: adopt embodiment 1 drainage mode of the present invention, the factory of growing seedlings of aquaculture Co., Ltd that jumps in the Dongying sea tests, pond water dissolved oxygen, pH value stabilization are in normal range (NR), non-ionic ammonia and sulfide content are all under safe concentration, content of nitrite≤0.08mg/L, the young ginseng recoverable amount of monomer water body is brought up to 7.8kg from 4.2kg, the during Wintering Period survival rate brings up to 87.9% from 62.3%, 5 young ginseng weightening finish of first quarter moon nurturing period multiples have been brought up to 8.1 times, remarkable in economical benefits from 5.0 times.
Claims (7)
1. the young ginseng of rectangle is cultivated pond drainage method, it is characterized in that in the rectangle form pool body, following diagonal a water inlet pipe and a drainpipe are set respectively, water inlet pipe is arranged on one jiao of rectangle form pool body, at its diagonal position drainpipe is set, flow path is prolonged, the time of staying corresponding prolongation of water inlet in the pond; Described water inlet pipe is vertically stretched Da Chidi, be provided with in the vertical direction many row's swirl nozzles on the water inlet pipe tube wall, each horizontally-arranged swirl nozzle is 3,3 directions in the pond respectively, unidirectional swirl nozzle consistency from top to bottom among each row becomes perpendicular row, near a row nozzle of pond minor face towards the direction parallel with this minor face, near the row nozzle on long limit, pond towards the direction parallel with this long limit, the row nozzle in the middle of being positioned at be oriented the pond to the angular direction; Equidistant evenly distribution between about the nozzle of each horizontally-arranged.
2. the young ginseng of rectangle is cultivated pond drainage method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described drainpipe vertically stretches Da Chidi, drainpipe is the internal and external casing structure of regulating level, inner tube external diameter and outer tube diameter are suitable, in outer tube one side an opening is arranged from the top to the middle part, the vertical section of this opening is rectangular, the cross section is curved, arc length is 30 ~ 40% of outer tube girth, the nearly upper end of inner tube one side has a discharge outlet, this discharge outlet upper end is provided with handle, the pulling handle, inner tube can slide up and down within the outer tube; When the rectangle discharge outlet of inner tube overlaps with the opening of outer tube, can realize draining.
3. the young ginseng of rectangle is cultivated pond drainage method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that establishing on the water inlet pipe tube wall vertical direction 5 ~ 8 row's swirl nozzles, has 15 ~ 24 nozzles on the water inlet pipe tube wall.
4. the young ginseng of rectangle is cultivated pond drainage method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described every row's swirl nozzle water outlet direction is 90 °, 20 ° ~ 40 ° and 0 ° of angle with long limit respectively.
5. the young ginseng cultivation of a rectangle pond is advanced, drainage arrangement, comprise the rectangle form pool body, a water inlet pipe and a drainpipe, it is characterized in that, the vertical diagonal two ends that are positioned at the young ginseng cultivation of rectangle pond with drainpipe of water inlet pipe, described water inlet pipe is vertically stretched Da Chidi, be provided with in the vertical direction many row's swirl nozzles on the water inlet pipe tube wall, each horizontally-arranged swirl nozzle is 3,3 directions in the pond respectively, unidirectional swirl nozzle consistency from top to bottom among each row becomes perpendicular row, one row nozzle of close pond minor face is towards the direction parallel with this minor face, near the row nozzle on long limit, pond towards the direction parallel with this long limit, the row nozzle in the middle of being positioned at be oriented the pond to the angular direction; Equidistant evenly distribution between each row's the nozzle; 3 nozzle water outlets of every row direction is 90 °, 20 ° ~ 40 ° and 0 ° of angle with the long limit of pond body respectively; Described drainpipe is that internal and external casing consists of, inner tube external diameter and outer tube diameter are suitable, in outer tube one side an opening is arranged from the top to the middle part, the vertical section of this opening is rectangular, the cross section is curved, arc length is 30 ~ 40% of outer tube girth, the nearly upper end of inner tube one side has discharge outlet, and the discharge outlet upper end is provided with handle.
6. the young ginseng of rectangle is cultivated pond drainage device as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that establishing on the water inlet pipe tube wall vertical direction 5 ~ 8 row's swirl nozzles, has 15 ~ 24 nozzles on the water inlet pipe tube wall.
7. the young ginseng of rectangle is cultivated pond drainage device as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that pond body diagonal and long limit angle are 30 °, and 3 nozzle water outlets of every row direction is 90 °, 30 ° and 0 ° of angle with the long limit of pond body respectively.
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| CN 201210262117 CN102742542B (en) | 2012-07-26 | 2012-07-26 | Method and device for water feeding and water draining of rectangular cultivating pond of young panax |
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| CN 201210262117 CN102742542B (en) | 2012-07-26 | 2012-07-26 | Method and device for water feeding and water draining of rectangular cultivating pond of young panax |
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| CN102742542B true CN102742542B (en) | 2013-03-20 |
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| WO2018195061A1 (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2018-10-25 | Foster-Miller, Inc. | System and method for treating fish |
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| CN103734075B (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2017-02-08 | 德清县吴越水产养殖有限公司 | Water feeding and drainage system with pond for aquiculture |
| CN104082250B (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2016-03-16 | 靖江市明星水蛭养殖专业合作社 | A kind of hirudiniculture piping loop water system |
| WO2018165295A1 (en) | 2017-03-08 | 2018-09-13 | Foster-Miller, Inc. | System and method for treating fish |
| EP3669646A1 (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2020-06-24 | Alfa Laval Corporate AB | Fish farming tank for cultivating living fish |
| EP3669647A1 (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2020-06-24 | Alfa Laval Corporate AB | Fish farming tank for cultivating living fish |
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