CN102741502B - Technique of fracturing with selective stream injection - Google Patents
Technique of fracturing with selective stream injection Download PDFInfo
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- CN102741502B CN102741502B CN201080063069.9A CN201080063069A CN102741502B CN 102741502 B CN102741502 B CN 102741502B CN 201080063069 A CN201080063069 A CN 201080063069A CN 102741502 B CN102741502 B CN 102741502B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 30
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 28
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 11
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012043 cost effectiveness analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/124—Units with longitudinally-spaced plugs for isolating the intermediate space
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/14—Obtaining from a multiple-zone well
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/27—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures by use of eroding chemicals, e.g. acids
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
A technique facilitates enhanced hydrocarbon recovery through selective stream injection. The technique employs a system and methodology for combining a fracturing technique and application of selective injection streams. The selective injection streams are delivered to select, individual subterranean layers until a plurality of unique subterranean layers are fractured to enhance hydrocarbon recovery.
Description
the cross reference of related application
The application based on and require the priority of the U.S. Provisional Patent Application case 61/266,659 that on December 4th, 2009 applies for.
Background technology
In some oil well applications, the rate of recovery of hydrocarbon-based fluids may passing in time and be down to uneconomic level.Sometimes, the rate of recovery of hydro carbons improves by injecting fluid, and this kind of technology is referred to as secondary recovery or strengthening recovery method.Be referred to as in the technology of water filling a kind of, inject water with displacement oil towards producing well.But, hydrocarbon gas, CO can be injected
2, air, steam and other fluid to be to improve the rate of recovery of required hydro carbons.Also different fracturing technique (comprising without proppant fracturing technique) is adopted to promote to reclaim hydro carbons from some subsurface formations.The usual layering of structure due to subsurface formations, injects so be difficult to control fracturing and/or fluid fully because many special layers contain hydrocarbon-based fluids.
Technical field
Usually, the present invention includes a kind of system and method oil well production increasing technology (such as without proppant fracturing technique) combined with the Selective implantation stream (to improve hydrocarbon recovery) applied in multiple lower floor especially.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Hereinafter with reference to accompanying drawing (wherein like numerals indicate like components), certain embodiments of the present invention are described:
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of a kind of system according to embodiment of the present invention, and described system is used for, along well, fluid injection profile is increased to multiple layer;
Fig. 2 be a diagram that the curve map of a kind of technology according to embodiment of the present invention, described technology for screening/fracturing stratum to be to improve the fluid injection rate for improving hydrocarbon production;
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of the continuous pressure break according to embodiment of the present invention, multiple stratum;
Fig. 4 is according to embodiment of the present invention, schematic diagram in accordance with the efficiency improvement of multiple fracturing technology;
Fig. 5 be a diagram that according to embodiment of the present invention, pump into the flow chart of relevant operating process to the volume increase of the continuous pressure break for promoting multiple stratum;
Fig. 6 be a diagram that according to embodiment of the present invention, the flow chart that pumps into technology for the pressure break of the continuous pressure break promoting multiple stratum; With
Fig. 7 according to embodiment of the present invention, utilize for promoting that the chemical agent of the continuous pressure break on multiple stratum (such as, acid and solvent) carries out the flow chart of fluid flushing.
Summary of the invention
In the following description, illustrate that many details are to provide the understanding of the present invention.But one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood the present invention and can to put into practice when not having these details and many modification of described embodiment or amendment are feasible.
The present invention is broadly directed to a kind of for improvement of the fluid injection profile in fluid injection wells, the system and method that is improved with the rate of recovery caused by this from the hydro carbons (such as, oil) of subterranean zone.This technology is for improving the percentage of the hydrocarbon-based fluids reclaimed from the multiple stratum formed throughout set subterranean zone.According to an embodiment, Selective implantation stream (SIS) is injected for being regulated the fluid (such as, fluid, gas, steam) leading to stratum by the flow conditioner be positioned between spacer assembly.The use of Selective implantation stream is also more efficiently throughout the fluid that ground Layer assignment injects, and it improves vertical efficiency and improves the rate of recovery of hydro carbons.
As being hereafter described in more detail, this technological improvement fluid injects and improves hydrocarbon recovery, and therefore it increase hydrocarbon production.The different aspect of this technology comprises and injects fluid into specific, selected subterranean layer, to form each independent crack in those layers.Selective implantation Flow Technique is for increasing by the quantity on the special stratum of pressure break.In some applications, the chemical agent (such as, acid or solvent) supplemented is transported to each stratum with duration in crack of improving fracturing process and/or formed.In addition, various analysis can be performed before, during and/or after fracturing operation.Selective stream injection also increases can at single downhole operations by the quantity of the stratum/reservoir of pressure break.
According to an embodiment, this technology can be used for the validity of the fluid (such as, water-filling method) that improvement is injected to improve hydrocarbon recovery.In the present embodiment, fluid (such as, water or another kind of suitable fluid) is incorporated in subterranean zone, injects stream to use selective fluid and form different, independent cracks.Selective fluid injects some separation layers that stream is guided to each separation layer continuously or at least guides to multiple stratum, to cause the strengthening along the entirely pressure break of lower area.Pressure break is realized by one or more down-holes flow control apparatus (such as, control valve) relevant to each individual course or selected specific layer in groups.
In numerous applications, the darkest related work cylinder is used (flow control apparatus to be wherein installed or flow control apparatus is not installed, such as flow adjustment valve) first pressure break bottommost layer, use " isolation " or " blind " valve (or other is without flow valve) to block upper control valve, to ensure that fluid injects through selected seating nipple and enters selected stratum simultaneously.Such as, this technology can be applicable to free seating nipple (if having the words of high well head pressure restriction) or the flow adjustment valve that is arranged in seating nipple or other suitable flow apparatus.This operation can be repeated, with the selective and each follow-up stratum of pressure break continuously while other layer of isolation for other seating nipple.In some cases, can not be stressed for protecting in fracturing process seating nipple integrality and/or the object of corrosion impact, device is installed in seating nipple.
In some applications, before or after pressure break pumps into, assistant chemical preparation is injected or is transported to individual course in addition.Such as, after or before pressure break pumps into, acid (such as hydrochloric acid (HCl)), mutual solvent, diesel oil, kerosene or asphaltene solvent can be transported to required stratum.Assistant chemical preparation improves the duration in fracturing process and/or crack.But the use of the chemical agent supplemented not all needs in all application.
This technology also can comprise the aspect adopting analytic process to assess and monitor hydro carbons volume increase.Analysis can perform before, during and/or after fracturing operation, and various monitoring technology can continue after described operation.Such as, analysis can be performed by screening criteria before fracturing operation, the selection of the candidate's oil well be suitable for promote this technology.Analyze before operation and can comprise assessment oilwell parameter, described oilwell parameter comprises the economy of mechanical integrity, injection and frac pressure, geology contrast, rock physics performance, reserves calculating, production profile, operating aspect, risk assessment, operation planning and operation.
Analyze and also can comprise operating aspect, comprise the definition of the frac pressure obtained by such as " flow-after-flow test " (step rate test) as mentioned below.Other operating aspect can comprise be defined in fracturing operation during the pressure increment that adopts and implementation and operation (or emergency preplan (if desired)).Analyze and also can comprise the technology of continuing to monitor, it can comprise the monitoring of oilwell parameter (such as flow velocity, pressure and water/fluid mass).Monitor available multiple technologies to realize, comprise tracer, circulator, distributed temperature-sensitive fibre system and/or be exclusively used in other technology measuring charge velocity (such as passing the charge velocity of particular adjustments valve on each stratum) on each stratum.Monitoring technology also can comprise the dynamic aspect using Mathematical Modeling to reappear reserves, stratum and oil well overall performance.One or more layers set charge velocity can be modified according to modeling result.
Detailed description of the invention
Roughly with reference to figure 1, well system 20 is shown as to be arranged in be had in the oil well 22 of at least one well 24, to promote the independent pressure break on multiple stratum by improving fluid injection profile and therefore improving hydrocarbon recovery.Well system 20 comprises Selective implantation completion 26, and it is exclusively used in and improves vertically involving property by realizing fluid to the controlled fluid injection on the stratum 28 selected separately on multiple stratum 28.Completion 26 provides the control to the injection stream (such as, water injects stream) to independent stratum 28 via relevant work cylinder/flow control apparatus 30.For example, seating nipple/flow control apparatus 30 can comprise flow conditioner, such as water flow adjuster (WFR), such as flow adjustment valve.Seating nipple/flow conditioner 30 provides the better control of the injection profile to the independent stratum 28 throughout reservoir and described reservoir.
In the specific embodiment shown in Fig. 1, Selective implantation completion 26 comprise there is spacer assembly 34(such as packer) tubing string 32.In the specific embodiment illustrated, seating nipple/flow control apparatus 30 can comprise the flow adjustment valve be arranged in side-pocket mandrel (side pocket mandrel) 36.In some applications, flow conditioner 30 comprises isolating valve.In addition, according to specific well pattern Section Design, side-pocket mandrel 36 is isolated independently between packer 34, therefore allows the independent injection (such as, water injects) to specific, selected stratum 28.By while other wellblock/stratum and frac pressure are isolated via Selective implantation, this ability strengthens fracturing operation significantly.Should also be noted that in the embodiment illustrated, tubing string 32 be arranged in there is the eyelet 40 relevant to each stratum 28 surrounding's sleeve pipe 38 in, flow through relevant flow control apparatus 30 from tubing string 32 to realize injecting fluid, enter selected surrounding formation 28 through corresponding eyelet 40.
According to injection/pressure break application scenario and surrounding environment, well system 20 can comprise other assembly multiple to promote injection and/or the monitoring to process.Such as, sensing system 42 can be arranged in the down-hole with tubing string 32, to monitor the pressure break on each stratum 28.Sensing system 42 can be arranged in the disposed outside along tubing string 32 in tubing string 32, or is arranged on the position that separates with tubing string, such as arranges along pipe box 38.In addition, sensing system 42 can comprise the multiple sensors 44 being designed to measure desired parameters (such as pressure, temperature, flow velocity, porosity or other parameter relevant to stimulation process and/or surrounding reserves), such as distributed sensor or discrete type sensor.Sensing system 42 can be used for collecting data to realize various analysis before, during and/or after each layer 28 pressure break.
For identifying candidate well (such as, oil well screening process) better and/or responding low charge velocity detected in some stratum better, sifting can be carried out on the possible problem affecting water filling restriction.The screening process to problem and its feasible associated solutions can be performed, to determine the more suitably stimulation system adopted together with this technology.In some applications, screening process can be broken principle and by forming conductor channel without proppant fluid (such as water) in stratum based on stratum/eyelet.
Roughly with reference to figure 2, fracturing process can relate in " flow-after-flow test " process after the row of returning and pumps into injection fluid, such as water or another kind of appropriate fluid.It should be noted that pumping into circulation comprises previously mentioned two stages (pump into and inject fluid and the row of returning).As shown in Figure 2, flow-after-flow test process comprises the higher charge velocity of a series of continuous print, wherein reads in each speed and time step 46 for described higher charge velocity and records force value.In fig. 2, the curve of charge velocity and corresponding steady pressure value is illustrated as and pumps in circulation 52 one until exceed the some 50(FIP of formation fracture pressure or " breaking " pressure first) constant-slope straight line 48.Perform the row's of returning step subsequently, to allow to pump into the transition between circulation and increase ground disturbance.Perform and second pump into circulation 54, and again open split pressure (FRP) 56 and effectively become for assessment of stimulation process validity and for the parameter being processed into power rank.Success rate rank depends on will open the pressure differential obtained when split pressure 56 is compared with the injection pressure from the fluid of fluid injection station (such as, water injection station) again.Again opening split pressure pumping into when circulation completes at every turn is affected, and reduces effectively again to open split pressure.Circulation can repeat until the reduction of this pressure is identified favourable.Perform several circulation to increase ground disturbance, it causes fatigue and makes stratum more fragile.This is embodied in again opens split pressure and reduces because of the reduction of stratum tensile strength and stratum young's modulus of elasticity.
In this technology for improving hydrocarbon recovery, vertical sweep efficiency is important factor, and described factor is for solving by selective stream completion 26 during fracturing yield increasing.In addition, provide via the fracturing yield increasing of selective stream completion 26 and to be a kind ofly directly devoted to low cost and low-risk to improve the technology of vertical efficiency.Another attribute of this technology maintains the alternative of injection because of optionally performing pressure break according to selective tubing string configuration.While significantly improving the flow conductivity along selected or determined stratum, fracturing technique is designed to the connection avoided between stratum.In the embodiment of Fig. 3, illustrate the continuous volume increase on each stratum 28, such as pressure break.In the present embodiment, by having " isolation " valve or " blind " valve 58 to stop that fluid is injected into the empty seating nipple (or using flow control apparatus) 30 in other layer of subterranean zone, Selective implantation completion 26 is for the layer of each layer of pressure break 28 or particular group.In this way, fluid injection is concentrated by selected control device 30 and enters the certain layer or specific layer 28 in groups for the treatment of pressure break.
As shown in Fig. 3 embodiment, repeat injection order for every one deck of subterranean zone or layer group.At first, isolating valve 58 is for stopping in orlop stratum 28 pressure break or when additionally increasing production the flow entering upper formation 28.In shown specific embodiment, first by tubing string 32 conveying well stimulation fluid 60 downwards, such as, based on the fracturing fluid of water.In the present embodiment, as shown in the left half of Fig. 3, fracturing fluid outwardly passes nethermost seating nipple 30 and enters orlop stratigraphic region 28, to form required crack 62.
As shown in the mid portion of Fig. 3, behind pressure break orlop stratum 28, fluid is isolated valve 58 to be stopped.As shown, the flow control apparatus 30 on next the continuous stratum 28 being increased production (such as pressure break) is opened to allow fluid 60 to outflow subsequently.Although set stratum 28 is by pressure break (or additionally increase production), other stratum 28 via the packer 34 in other oil well district described and the flow control apparatus 30 closed with the pressure isolation of fracturing fluid.As Fig. 3 most right half further shown in, for each continuous stratum repeat while by other formation isolation by inject fluid introduce selected by stratum 28 in this process.In order to obtain required isolation or comprise, different choice can be adopted, the installation of such as selective isolating valve or blind valve or taking-up.
According to the design of flow control apparatus, flow control apparatus 30 can start between open and closed positions via various actuator.Use some flow adjustment valve (comprising isolating valve 58), shifting tool can be moved to down-hole to manipulate related valve.Such as, move by operating via low cost slip/activate/take out control valve 30/58, thus realize to the injection in certain layer 28.Therefore, without the need to pulling out selective tubing string to carry out independent pressure break, therefore avoid the larger cost relevant with required replacement instrument to efficiency of digging a well.
Selective stream injection technique increases the efficiency reclaiming hydro carbons from multiple oil well significantly.Provide not only the improvement relevant to vertical efficiency, and provide the improvement relevant to area efficiency and gross efficiency or recovery coefficient.Roughly with reference to figure 4, provide the remarkable improvement of illustration various efficiency measure when adopting this " fracturing technique that selective stream injects " to reclaim hydro carbons from subterranean zone.
As shown in the embodiment depicted in fig. 4, area efficiency is significantly improved, and carries out example explanation by the figured upper part 66 of Fig. 4.In this specific embodiment, area efficiency, based on the oil well structure of such, wherein on the corner of well pattern, arrange four Injection Wells, and producing well is positioned at the center of well pattern.Pass by time, the fluid of injection flows into porous media, by oily displacement to producing well.The ratio of the region injected with water and well pattern region (being rectangle in the case) is referred to as area efficiency.It should be noted that and can adopt according to the characteristic of applicable cases and reservoir environment the various well patterns comprising Injection Well and producing well.Along with the fluid injected arrives other stratum, the area efficiency in these specific stratum increases, and therefore improves gross area efficiency.
By the schematic cross section of stratum 28 three different time points, vertical efficiency shown in the figured lower part 68 of Fig. 4.In the present embodiment, water 60 is injected on five different stratum 28.The water 60 injected is according to petrophysical characteristic (permeability of such as layer and thickness; Formation damage during completion; And/or pore pressure) be distributed in Different Strata.In the present embodiment, vertical efficiency is the volume of water filling layer and the ratio of the cumulative volume of each layer.Especially, vertical efficiency is significantly improved by using selective stream as herein described, to adopt each stratum 28 to inject the technology of carrying out pressure break.But gross efficiency or recovery coefficient (ER) are also improved, and it is the product of three efficiency (i.e. displacement efficiency, area efficiency and vertical efficiency).
Use Selective implantation Flow Technique to carry out pressure break to can be used for having in the multiple environment of eurypalynous oil well perhaps.But, an embodiment for performing the method for this technology comprise at first prepare oil well for safeguard.In this starting stage, treating that each layer 28 of separately process is through suitably preparing, to guarantee the integrality of Selective implantation completion 26, and examining each stratum 28, relative to other layer 28, there is process isolation/independence.In some applications, the chemical agent supplemented by conveying in this stage performs optional " acidleach " (pickling) work to one or more independent stratum.Such as, can transport of H Cl to down-hole, and then on tubing wall otherwise may the residual component on obstructed flow control device/valve 30 or infringement stratum 28 by eliminating, come clean injection string or oil pipe 32.
The initial part diagram of an embodiment of this process in a flow chart in figure 5.In this specific embodiment, as shown in square 70, slip can be used for stratum and isolating valve 58 to isolate.As shown in decision block 72, system carries out flow rate test by pressure test subsequently.If flow is zero, so by as square 76 be shown in the selection group comprising and treat pressure break before, as shown in square 74, the chemical agent (such as, HCl) of complementarity is guided to down-hole, perform optional acidleach operation.On the other hand, as shown in square 78, if be detected as to flow the instruction lacking isolation, so can run spike log, and isolating valve 58 can be readjusted and/or the equipment that can rerun to down-hole.
In the subsequent step of this technology, as described in reference diagram 3 above, inject fluid 60(such as, water or another kind of suitable fluid) be transported to down-hole and in the certain layer be introduced between packer 34 or layer group 28, to form independent pressure break 62 in specific one layer (or multiple layer).Selective fluid injects stream 60 and can be used on stratum 28 that is independent, isolation continuously, can the quantity on stratum 28 of independent pressure break to increase.Therefore, selection Flow Technique can realize the independent process to certain layer, and optimizes the formation of the effective passage throughout whole stratum.In many application scenarios, when stratum is to untreated water sensitive, salt solution can be used as fracturing fluid.
Roughly with reference to figure 6, provide flow chart to illustrate one for performing the process of fracturing process described in reference diagram 2 above.At first, as shown in square 80, several fracturing pump can be performed and enter circulation.Can perform pressure break for two different phases and pump into circulation, first flow-after-flow test maybe injects the stage when fluid 60 being injected into the fluid when stratum selected needed for pressure break.Second stage is the row's of returning stage (nonfluid injects the stage), and it allows to pump into circulation transition and increases the disturbance effect of formation.In the operating condition, fluid injection wells runs under by the specific injection pressure being provided for keeping the ability that pumps into of the ground installation of the oil gas field of implant operation to set up.But this specific injection pressure has nothing to do with any injection pressure obtained during fracturing process is applied.In normal operation condition, when performing fluid injection in particular well, come for this specific injection pressure of any stratum measurement by dynamic pressure distribution.
Therefore, the injection pressure needed for using/obtain before fracturing process as herein described must performed.The number of times that pressure break pumps into circulation can be determined according to the cost effectiveness analysis of such as relevant to formation characteristics labor and operation.As shown in decision block 82, pump into circulation time in end pressure break, last injection pressure of again opening split pressure and previous definition obtained is made comparisons.If again opening split pressure is higher than above-mentioned injection pressure value, so chemical flush can be performed as shown in square 84.Subsequently, as shown in square 86, again can perform several fracturing pump and enter circulation, until again open split pressure to be less than injection pressure as shown in decision block 88.If again open split pressure to be less than injection pressure, so as shown in square 90 and 92 pressure break pump into stopping and pressure break terminate.If realize again opening split pressure to be less than injection pressure and to have difficulties, so extra test and/or other technology can be adopted as shown in square 94.
As mentioned above, chemical agent can be guided to down-hole, to promote or to strengthen fracturing process with injection stream 60 and/or beyond injection stream 60.If such as because being construed as limiting charge velocity close to well restriction, the chemical agent (such as, hydrochloric acid (HCl), mutual solvent, diesel oil, paraffin or asphaltene solvent) that so can add complementarity improves the duration in fracturing process and crack.In some applications, supplementary chemical agent can be added during flow-after-flow test.
Roughly with reference to the flow chart of figure 7, illustrate the embodiment increasing supplementary chemical agent and pump into.During starter system well testing, as shown in square 96, charge velocity and injection pressure are made comparisons.As shown in decision block 98, charge velocity and predetermined value Y are made comparisons.If charge velocity is higher than Y value, so as shown in square 100, adopt pre-flush, wherein the chemical agent (such as, HCl) supplemented is transported to down-hole to required oil well district/stratum.
Subsequently, as shown in square 102, with additionally or stronger complementarity chemical agent flushing process is delivered to down-hole.As shown in square 104, can be displacement fluid process after flushing process.
Refer again to decision block 98.If charge velocity is lower than Y value, so as depicted by block 106, the suitable instrument on coil pipe can G.I.H.As shown in square 100, coil pipe is used for carrying out and supplementary pre-flush process.Subsequently, as shown in square 102,104, can carry out rinsing and displacement process.
Selective stream injects fracturing technique can be used in the multiple oil well being formed in eurypalynous subterranean zone perhaps.The quantity of the stratum quantity being processed independently to improve the hydrocarbon recovery in producing well in fluid injection wells and the packer injecting completion, control valve and other assembly and type, all can adjust according to specific environment and application.Similarly, for promoting that the injection fluid of pressure break and any complementarity chemical agent can be selected according to the employing application-specific of this technology and/or the parameter of environment.The process steps also adjustable of method, to adapt to the special parameter of the set application adopting selective stream injection technique.Various candidate's oil well triage techniques also may be used for determining the most applicable oil well being improved production by sleective fracturing.
Although only describe embodiments more of the present invention above in detail, it is feasible that one of ordinary skill in the art is easy to understand many being modified in when not essence departs from instruction of the present invention.Therefore, these amendments are intended to be contained in scope of the present invention as defined by the claims.
Claims (20)
1. improve a method for hydrocarbon recovery, it comprises:
By all the other formation isolation in the stratum selected in multiple stratum of well in subterranean zone and described multiple stratum;
Use Selective implantation Flow Technique to transport fluid at least some stratum on described multiple stratum, wherein, it is that independent fluid injects that the fluid towards the stratum of each selection injects; With
By the stratum adopting multiple pressure break to pump into each selection in multiple stratum described in circulation pressure break, each pressure break pumps into circulation and comprises:
Flow-after-flow test, described flow-after-flow test comprises by fluid being pumped into a stratum of opening with formation fracture pressure in the stratum of selection in described well; And
The row's of returning stage, described in the row of returning comprise in the stage and return bank fluid and pump into transition between circulation to allow pressure break;
Wherein, adopt multiple pressure break to pump into circulation to comprise employing first pressure break and pump into circulation, until formation fracture pressure reaches a stratum of opening in the stratum of selection, perform subsequently one or more pressure break pump into circulation with reduce again open split pressure, until again open split pressure to be less than injection pressure;
Response is again opened split pressure and is less than injection pressure, stops pumping into fluid to well and terminating pressure break.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described isolation comprises and to be arranged into by packer in well with along the described multiple stratum of described well isolation.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described use Selective implantation Flow Technique comprises use fluid flow regulator.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described pressure break comprises and injects fluid in each stratum, the frac pressure of other stratum and described fluid is isolated simultaneously.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in the row's of returning stage increase disturbance effect to described stratum.
6. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described pressure break is included in particular formation and forms independent crack to increase the conductibility between well and particular formation, avoid the connection between stratum to maintain the Selective implantation of fluid and to improve vertical efficiency simultaneously.
7. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise further by supplementary chemical agent being transported to the pressure break strengthening each stratum in each stratum.
8. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise further by acid being transported to the pressure break strengthening each stratum in each stratum.
9. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise the pressure break of monitoring each stratum further.
10. improve a method for hydrocarbon recovery, it comprises:
Multiple stratum is determined along well;
Stratum selected by least one adopt pressure break to pump into circulation;
Use Selective implantation Flow Technique to be guided to by fluid in each selected stratum on described multiple stratum, wherein, it is that independent fluid injects that the fluid towards the stratum of each selection injects; With
While fluid being guided to each selected stratum, other stratum on described multiple stratum is isolated with to each selected stratum applied pressure;
Each pressure break pumps into circulation and comprises:
Flow-after-flow test, described flow-after-flow test comprises by fluid being pumped into a stratum of opening with formation fracture pressure in the stratum of selection in described well; And
The row's of returning stage, described in the row of returning comprise in the stage and return bank fluid and pump into transition between circulation to allow pressure break;
Wherein, adopt multiple pressure break to pump into circulation to comprise employing first pressure break and pump into circulation, until formation fracture pressure reaches a stratum of opening in the stratum of selection, perform one or more pressure break subsequently and pump into circulation to reduce again to open split pressure, until again open split pressure to be less than injection pressure;
Response is again opened split pressure and is less than injection pressure, stops pumping into fluid to well and terminating pressure break.
11. methods according to claim 10, is characterized in that: comprise each stratum of pressure break further, simultaneously by other formation isolation all on described multiple stratum.
12. methods according to claim 10, is characterized in that: described isolation comprises and adopting without flow valve in desired location along described well.
13. methods according to claim 10, is characterized in that: described isolation is included in described well arranges that packer is to isolate each independent stratum on described multiple stratum.
14. methods according to claim 10, is characterized in that: described use Selective implantation Flow Technique comprises and leads water to selected stratum.
15. methods according to claim 10, is characterized in that: comprise further by supplementary chemical agent is transported to each stratum and strengthen pressure break.
16. 1 kinds of methods improving the vertical efficiency of oil well, it comprises:
By along all the other stratum and selected formation isolation in multiple stratum of well;
Described selected stratum is introduced to make described selected formation stimulation by injecting fluid; With
Described isolation and introducing is repeated, to improve the vertical efficiency of whole volume increase well for each of described multiple stratum;
Wherein, described introducing comprises at least some stratum by adopting multiple pressure break to pump into circulation uniquely and independently multiple stratum described in pressure break, and each pressure break pumps into circulation and comprises:
Flow-after-flow test, described flow-after-flow test comprises by fluid being pumped into a stratum of opening with formation fracture pressure in the stratum of selection in described well; And
The row's of returning stage, described in the row of returning comprise in the stage and return bank fluid and pump into transition between circulation to allow pressure break;
Wherein, adopt multiple pressure break to pump into circulation to comprise employing first pressure break and pump into circulation, until formation fracture pressure reaches a stratum of opening in the stratum of selection, perform one or more pressure break subsequently and pump into circulation to reduce again to open split pressure, until again open split pressure to be less than injection pressure;
Response is again opened split pressure and is less than injection pressure, stops pumping into fluid to well and terminating pressure break.
17. methods according to claim 16, is characterized in that: described isolation comprises and starts multiple packer along described well.
18. methods according to claim 16, is characterized in that: described introducing comprises the flowing controlling to lead to described multiple stratum with multiple flow control apparatus.
19. methods according to claim 16, is characterized in that: described introducing comprises the multiple flowings controlling to lead to described multiple stratum without flow valve with being positioned in corresponding side-pocket mandrel.
20. methods according to claim 18, is characterized in that: comprise further with slip optionally start in described multiple flow control apparatus each.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US26665909P | 2009-12-04 | 2009-12-04 | |
| US61/266,659 | 2009-12-04 | ||
| US12/848,690 | 2010-08-02 | ||
| US12/848,690 US8490704B2 (en) | 2009-12-04 | 2010-08-02 | Technique of fracturing with selective stream injection |
| PCT/US2010/055203 WO2011068615A1 (en) | 2009-12-04 | 2010-11-03 | Technique of fracturing with selective stream injection |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102741502A CN102741502A (en) | 2012-10-17 |
| CN102741502B true CN102741502B (en) | 2014-12-24 |
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| CN201080063069.9A Expired - Fee Related CN102741502B (en) | 2009-12-04 | 2010-11-03 | Technique of fracturing with selective stream injection |
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| US (1) | US8490704B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102741502B (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112012013455A2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2782531C (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2012006436A (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2548291C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2011068615A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20130180722A1 (en) * | 2009-12-04 | 2013-07-18 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Technique of fracturing with selective stream injection |
| MX2012011722A (en) * | 2010-04-12 | 2012-12-05 | Schlumberger Technology Bv | Automatic stage design of hydraulic fracture treatments using fracture height and in-situ stress. |
| US8893794B2 (en) * | 2011-02-16 | 2014-11-25 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Integrated zonal contact and intelligent completion system |
| US9494025B2 (en) | 2013-03-01 | 2016-11-15 | Vincent Artus | Control fracturing in unconventional reservoirs |
| US10012071B2 (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2018-07-03 | Laurie Sibbald | Differential method for equitable allocation of hydrocarbon component yields using phase behavior process models |
| RU2540713C1 (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2015-02-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "Татнефть" им. В.Д. Шашина | Method of oil pool development |
| US9695681B2 (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2017-07-04 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Use of real-time pressure data to evaluate fracturing performance |
| US10450813B2 (en) | 2017-08-25 | 2019-10-22 | Salavat Anatolyevich Kuzyaev | Hydraulic fraction down-hole system with circulation port and jet pump for removal of residual fracking fluid |
| CN113187441B (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2022-04-26 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Deep coal bed gas and shallow low-pressure dense gas partial pressure combined mining device and method |
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| US3245470A (en) * | 1962-12-17 | 1966-04-12 | Dow Chemical Co | Creating multiple fractures in a subterranean formation |
| US3381749A (en) * | 1965-09-07 | 1968-05-07 | Baker Oil Tools Inc | Multiple injection packers |
| US4991654A (en) * | 1989-11-08 | 1991-02-12 | Halliburton Company | Casing valve |
| US6543540B2 (en) * | 2000-01-06 | 2003-04-08 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Method and apparatus for downhole production zone |
| US6705398B2 (en) * | 2001-08-03 | 2004-03-16 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Fracture closure pressure determination |
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- 2010-08-02 US US12/848,690 patent/US8490704B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-11-03 BR BR112012013455A patent/BR112012013455A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-11-03 CN CN201080063069.9A patent/CN102741502B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-11-03 CA CA 2782531 patent/CA2782531C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-11-03 WO PCT/US2010/055203 patent/WO2011068615A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-11-03 RU RU2012127785/03A patent/RU2548291C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-11-03 MX MX2012006436A patent/MX2012006436A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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| US7134505B2 (en) * | 2001-11-19 | 2006-11-14 | Packers Plus Energy Services Inc. | Method and apparatus for wellbore fluid treatment |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102741502A (en) | 2012-10-17 |
| RU2548291C2 (en) | 2015-04-20 |
| US8490704B2 (en) | 2013-07-23 |
| US20110198088A1 (en) | 2011-08-18 |
| WO2011068615A1 (en) | 2011-06-09 |
| MX2012006436A (en) | 2012-09-07 |
| RU2012127785A (en) | 2014-01-20 |
| BR112012013455A2 (en) | 2016-05-10 |
| CA2782531C (en) | 2015-04-21 |
| CA2782531A1 (en) | 2011-06-09 |
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