CN102738872A - Separately-charging battery charger - Google Patents
Separately-charging battery charger Download PDFInfo
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- CN102738872A CN102738872A CN2011100880652A CN201110088065A CN102738872A CN 102738872 A CN102738872 A CN 102738872A CN 2011100880652 A CN2011100880652 A CN 2011100880652A CN 201110088065 A CN201110088065 A CN 201110088065A CN 102738872 A CN102738872 A CN 102738872A
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Abstract
Separately-charging battery charger relates to a storage battery charger and comprises a group of high-frequency switching power supplies, a high-frequency output transformer with N groups of balance outputs, N high-frequency rectifying circuits, N charging state sampling circuits, a charging state comparison and selection circuit and N charging control output circuits in constant-voltage, constant-current and trickling stages. The charger has the advantages that the group of high-frequency switching power supplies are utilized to respectively independently charge N storage batteries which are in series connection, and by means of balancing functions of the N charging state sampling circuits, the charging stage comparison and selection circuit and the switching power output transformer, charging state of each charging circuit is monitored and adjusted in real time and each of the circuits works in a charging mode of constant-current, constant-voltage and trickling stages independently simultaneously. As the storage batteries are charged independently without interference, defects caused by interference due to performance difference in the conventional series-connection charging process are eliminated, charging quality of the storage batteries is improved greatly, and service lives of the storage batteries are prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery charger, further is that a kind of branch that storage battery independently charges respectively that respectively saves to serial connection fills the system battery charger.
Background technology
In recent years, the fast development of electric motor car (comprising electric automobile and electric bicycle) brings great convenience for people's trip.Along with popularizing of electric bicycle; People are also increasingly high to the requirement of electric motor car; Electromobile battery in use goes out its defective with regard to exposed day by day: the electric vehicle storage battery all is that more piece serial connection is used on the market, thereby charger also is that direct more piece serial connection is charged when it charge.Though this method is fairly simple, drawback is when the difference on the performance appears in each joint storage battery, under same charged state, respectively saves storage battery and different charging results will occur.In addition, the decreased performance of a certain joint storage battery also will be because of the serial connection charging influences the charging quality that other respectively saves storage battery in the more piece storage battery, and final result is the decline that causes whole batteries gross energy.
Though also being arranged in the market, the more piece storage battery that serial connection is used realizes the independent charger that fills that divides; But only be respectively corresponding storage battery to be carried out each self-charging, we can say it only is that a kind of multi-group power is to plurality of groups of storage batteries one a pair of simple combination of filling with multi-group power.This method does not have application advantage owing to use multi-group power to increase the charging energy consumption.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is exactly the problem that exists in the present charge in batteries in order to solve; Propose a kind of branch and filled the system battery charger; Promptly utilize one group of power supply respectively the more piece storage battery of serial connection to be carried out charge independence simultaneously; Every road charging circuit is carried out constant current, constant voltage, the charging of trickle syllogic, and every joint storage battery all reaches energy after the best charging.Each road charging circuit is isolated each other, and charge independence uses with serial connection and is independent of each other, and is easy to use.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Divide and to fill the system battery charger, it is characterized in that: comprise that (power output adopts the inverse-excitation type working method during smaller or equal to 150w to one group of high frequency switch power, promptly uses the high frequency inverse-excitation type switch power-supply; Adopt the positive activation type working method during more than or equal to 150w; Promptly use high frequency positive activation type Switching Power Supply); The balance-type high frequency transformer that the output of N group is arranged, N high-frequency rectification circuit (hf rectifier), a charged state compare selection circuit (charged state is selector relatively); N charged state sample circuit (charged state sampler), N charging controlling output circuit (charging control follower); Wherein, High frequency switch power is exported by the balance-type high frequency transformer; After high-frequency rectification circuit (hf rectifier) rectification; Through charging controlling output circuit (charging control follower) output; Charging controlling output circuit (charging control follower) feedback charged state sample circuit (charged state sampler), charged state sample circuit (charged state sampler) connects charged state compare selection circuit (charged state is selector relatively), charged state compare selection circuit (charged state is selector relatively) feedback high frequency switch power.(above-mentioned N be positive integer and >=2, down with).
The present invention can further realize through following scheme:
Described high frequency switch power is made up of Switching Power Supply control integrated circuit and driven MOS fet power pipe; The balance-type high frequency transformer has the output of N group; High-frequency rectification circuit has N, and each free high-frequency rectification diode and corresponding filter capacitor are formed respectively; The charged state compare selection circuit connects a shared transistor by N diode and forms; The charged state sample circuit is N, is made up of N photoelectrical coupler of correspondence respectively; The charging controlling output circuit is N: form constant current, constant voltage and trickle syllogic charging controlling output circuit by N each free four a voltage comparator integrated circuit and a corresponding N transistor; Wherein: said high frequency switch power control integrated circuit is controlled by the charged state compare selection circuit of being made up of transistor and diode; Said charged state compare selection circuit is accepted the output of each road charged state sample circuit of each free photoelectrical coupler composition; Each charged state sample circuit connects the controlling output circuit of respectively charging; Independently high-frequency rectification circuit provides same input voltage by Switch Power Transformer separately.
Described high frequency switch power refers to the high frequency inverse-excitation type switch power-supply, is made up of PWM-type Switching Power Supply control integrated circuit U1 (can adopt UC3842) and driven MOS fet power pipe Q1 (can select IRFT460 for use); Balance-type high frequency transformer T1 is the output of 2-8 group; High-frequency rectification circuit is 2-8, is made up of 2-8 high-frequency rectification diode (can select MUR1620 for use) and corresponding filter capacitor respectively; The charged state compare selection circuit connects transistor Q2 (can adopt C1815) by 2-8 diode (can all adopt 1N4148) and forms; The charged state sample circuit is 2-8, is made up of the photoelectrical coupler (can adopt PC817) of correspondence respectively; The charging controlling output circuit is 2-8: each free four voltage comparator integrated circuit (can adopt LM339) and corresponding transistor (can adopt C1815) composition constant current respectively, constant voltage and trickle syllogic charging controlling output circuit.
Described high frequency switch power refers to the high frequency inverse-excitation type switch power-supply, is made up of PWM-type Switching Power Supply control integrated circuit U1 (can adopt UC3842) and driven MOS fet power pipe Q1 (can select IRFT460 for use); Balance-type high frequency transformer T1 is A, B, C, four groups of outputs of D; High-frequency rectification circuit is four of A, B, C, D, is made up of high-frequency rectification diode D1A, D1B, D1C, D1D (can all select MUR1620 for use) and corresponding filter capacitor respectively; The charged state compare selection circuit is connected transistor Q2 (can adopt C1815) and is formed by four diode D13, D14, D15, D16 (can all adopt 1N4148); The charged state sample circuit is four of A, B, C, D, and photoelectrical coupler N2A, N2B, N2C, the N2D (all can adopt PC817) by correspondence forms respectively; The charging controlling output circuit is four of A, B, C, D: each free four voltage comparator integrated circuit U2A, U2B, U2C, U2D (can all adopt LM339) and corresponding transistor Q2A, Q2B, Q2C, Q2D (can all adopt C1815) form constant current, constant voltage and trickle syllogic charging controlling output circuit respectively.
The transistor Q2 of charged state compare selection circuit (can adopt C1815) base stage is through the corresponding diode (all can be adopted as 1N4148) in each road; Be connected to 3 pin of the photoelectrical coupler N2 (can adopt PC817) on each road of charged state sample circuit respectively, be controlled by the comprehensive output of each road charged state sample circuit.
Wherein four tunnel situation is: the transistor Q2 of charged state compare selection circuit (can adopt C1815) base stage is connected to 3 pin of photoelectrical coupler N2D (can adopt PC817) of 3 pin, charged state sample circuit D of photoelectrical coupler N2C (can adopt PC817) of 3 pin, charged state sample circuit C of photoelectrical coupler N2B (can adopt PC817) of 3 pin, the charged state sample circuit B of the photoelectrical coupler N2A (can adopt PC817) of charged state sample circuit A respectively through diode D13, D14, D15, D16 (all can be adopted as 1N4148), be controlled by the comprehensive output of four tunnel charged state sample circuits.
2 pin of each road photoelectrical coupler N2 (can adopt PC817) of charged state sample circuit; Be connected to 1 and 2 pin of each road four voltage comparator integrated circuit U2 (can adopt LM339) of constant current, constant voltage and trickle syllogic charging controlling output circuit through resistance, its interior light emitting diodes electric current (being the 3 pin voltages of N2) is controlled by 1 pin and the 2 pin voltages of U2 separately.
Wherein four tunnel situation is:
2 pin of the photoelectrical coupler N2A of charged state sample circuit A (can adopt PC817); Be connected to 1 and 2 pin of four voltage comparator integrated circuit U2A (can adopt LM339) of constant current, constant voltage and trickle syllogic charging controlling output circuit through resistance, its interior light emitting diodes electric current (being the 3 pin voltages of N2A) is controlled by 1 pin and the 2 pin voltages of U2A;
2 pin of the photoelectrical coupler N2B of charged state sample circuit B (can adopt PC817); Be connected to 1 and 2 pin of four voltage comparator integrated circuit U2B (can adopt LM339) of constant current, constant voltage and trickle syllogic charging controlling output circuit through resistance, its interior light emitting diodes electric current (being the 3 pin voltages of N2B) is controlled by 1 pin and the 2 pin voltages of U2B;
2 pin of the photoelectrical coupler N2C of charged state sample circuit C (can adopt PC817); Be connected to 1 and 2 pin of four voltage comparator integrated circuit U2C (can adopt LM339) of constant current, constant voltage and trickle syllogic charging controlling output circuit through resistance, its interior light emitting diodes electric current (being the 3 pin voltages of N2C) is controlled by 1 pin and the 2 pin voltages of U2C;
2 pin of the photoelectrical coupler N2D of charged state sample circuit D (can adopt PC817); Be connected to 1 and 2 pin of four voltage comparator integrated circuit U2D (can adopt LM339) of constant current, constant voltage and trickle syllogic charging controlling output circuit through resistance, its interior light emitting diodes electric current (being the 3 pin voltages of N2D) is controlled by 1 pin and the 2 pin voltages of U2D.
Each road constant current, constant voltage and trickle syllogic charging controlling output circuit are isolated through photoelectrical coupler each other: isolate with high frequency switch power again simultaneously.
Wherein four groups situation is: four groups of constant currents, constant voltage and trickle syllogic charging controlling output circuit are isolated through photoelectrical coupler N2A, N2B, N2C, N2D each other; Isolate with high frequency switch power again simultaneously.
Switching mode power supply transformer T1 guarantees that each output winding has same output voltage values, guarantees the same number of turn, same diameter of wire and same inductance and leakage inductance in the coiling.
Wherein four groups situation is: switching mode power supply transformer T1 guarantees A, B, and C, four of D output winding has same output voltage values, guarantees the same number of turn, same diameter of wire and same inductance and leakage inductance in the coiling.
The charger output has N+1 root output line, connects the anode of storage battery 1 respectively, the anode tie point of storage battery 1 negative terminal and storage battery 2 ..., the anode tie point of the negative terminal of storage battery N-1 and storage battery N, the negative terminal of storage battery N.
Wherein, the situation of 2 joint storage batterys is: connect the anode of storage battery 1 respectively, the anode tie point of storage battery 1 negative terminal and storage battery 2, the negative terminal of storage battery 2;
The situation of 3 joint storage batterys is: connect the anode of storage battery 1 respectively, the anode tie point of storage battery 1 negative terminal and storage battery 2, the anode tie point of the negative terminal of storage battery 2 and storage battery 3, the negative terminal of storage battery 3;
The situation of 4 joint storage batterys is: connect the anode of storage battery 1 respectively, the anode tie point of storage battery 1 negative terminal and storage battery 2, the anode tie point of the negative terminal of storage battery 2 and storage battery 3, the anode tie point of the negative terminal of storage battery 3 and storage battery 4, the negative terminal of storage battery 4;
The situation of 5 joint storage batterys is: the anode that connects storage battery 1 respectively; The anode tie point of storage battery 1 negative terminal and storage battery 2; The anode tie point of the negative terminal of storage battery 2 and storage battery 3; The anode tie point of the negative terminal of storage battery 3 and storage battery 4, the anode tie point of the negative terminal of storage battery 4 and storage battery 5, the negative terminal of storage battery 5.
Branch fills the system charger and has N+1 line-2 line transducer.Make the serial connection charging that charger storage batteries group can be met an urgent need and used common charger to be fit to divide fill.
Above-described N group output (N circuit, N road circuit etc.) is corresponding with N joint storage battery, saves the chargings of storage batterys like four groups of output correspondences four.
Key points in design of the present invention: 1, high frequency switch power design can multichannel loading realize simultaneously controlling and state that multichannel output is in a basic balance under; 2, every group storage battery charging circuit all is designed to syllogic (being that constant current, constant voltage and tiny stream fill syllogic) charge mode; 3, in every group storage battery charging circuit the state sample circuit is arranged; 4, control the operating state of high frequency switch power through the state sampling of the comprehensive multichannel charging circuit of charged state compare selection circuit; 5, realize the mutual isolation of multichannel charging circuit and the mutual isolation of charging circuit and high frequency switch power through photoelectrical coupler; 6, storage battery independently divides to fill with being connected in series to use and is independent of each other.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: this charger changes the 220V AC power into N road balanced Dc low voltage power supply; Utilize one group of high frequency switch power simultaneously the N joint storage battery that serial connection is used to be carried out charge independence respectively; Utilize the equalization function of N road charged state sample circuit and one tunnel charged state compare selection circuit and Switching Power Supply output transformer; To each road charging circuit state real time monitoring and adjustment, realize that N road charging circuit works alone at constant current, constant voltage and trickle syllogic charge mode simultaneously simultaneously.Under the situation that does not increase energy consumption basically, accomplish the best charge independence that serial connection respectively saves storage battery, each saves storage battery and obtains optimum capacity.Because serial connection respectively saves the storage battery charge independence and is independent of each other, eliminated conventional serial connection charging because of the interactive drawback of performance difference, improved the charging quality of storage battery effectively, prolonged the useful life of storage battery.The present invention can be widely used in the charging of other series-connected cell.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 fills system charger construction block diagram for dividing, and Fig. 2-Fig. 6 fills system charger circuit figure at 150w with the branch of 4 interior batteries for charge power, and Fig. 7 fills system charger 5 lines-2 line transducer for dividing.
Embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art person understand the present invention program better; And make above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be more obviously understandable, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment (the present embodiment circuit is that four joint 12Ah storage battery branches fill the system charger) the present invention done further detailed explanation.
Embodiment:, divide and fill the system charger and comprise like Fig. 1-shown in Figure 6:
Form high frequency inverse-excitation type switch power-supply (1) by PWM-type control integrated circuit U1 (UC3842) and MOS fet power pipe Q1 (IRFT460) for core.
Balanced output high frequency transformer T1 (2).
Form charged state compare selection circuit (3) by transistor Q2 (C1815) and diode D13, D14, D15, D16 (being 1N4148).
Form the constant current of A road, constant voltage and trickle charge controlling output circuit (4) by four voltage comparator integrated circuit U2A (LM339) and transistor Q2A (C1815).
Form A road charged state sample circuit (5) by photoelectrical coupler N2A (PC817).
Form the constant current of B road, constant voltage and trickle charge controlling output circuit (6) by four voltage comparator integrated circuit U2B (LM339) and transistor Q2B (C1815).
Form B road charged state sample circuit (7) by photoelectrical coupler N2B (PC817).
Form the constant current of C road, constant voltage and trickle charge controlling output circuit (8) by four voltage comparator integrated circuit U2C (LM339) and transistor Q2C (C1815).
Form C road charged state sample circuit (9) by photoelectrical coupler N2C (PC817).
Form the constant current of D road, constant voltage and trickle charge controlling output circuit (10) by four voltage comparator integrated circuit U2D (LM339) and transistor Q2D (C1815).
Form D road charged state sample circuit (11) by photoelectrical coupler N2D (PC817).
Form A road high-frequency rectification circuit (12) by D1A; Form B road high-frequency rectification circuit (13) by D1B; Form C road high-frequency rectification circuit (14) by D1C; Form D road high-frequency rectification circuit (15) by D1D.
Divide that to fill system charger operation principle following:
(1) inverse-excitation type high frequency switch power.
The 220V alternating voltage is through rectification of D1 bridge full wave rectifier and C10; The level and smooth back of C13 filtering obtains pact+300V direct voltage; 7 pin that add to PWM-type Switching Power Supply control integrated circuit U1 (UC3842) through R3 provide starting current; UC3842 starting back is by the adjustable switching pulse signal driven MOS FET Q1 (IRFP460) of 6 pin output pulse widths; The output of Q1 is exported four groups of (OA-GNDA, OB-GNDB, OC-GNDC, OD-GNDD) high frequency voltages through high frequency transformer T1, and simultaneously the 5-6 pin voltage of T1 feeds back to the operating voltage that 7 pin provide U1 self after D8 rectification and C7, C8 filtering, keeps continuous operation.D10 is the protectiveness voltage-stabiliser tube, and the 7 pin voltages of protection U1 are no more than 17v.Four groups of output voltages (OA-GNDA, OB-GNDB, OC-GNDC, OD-GNDC) of T1 supply A, B, C, the work of D No. four charging circuits.
The voltage stabilizing process of general conventional type inverse-excitation type switch power-supply is with 1 pin or 2 pin that feed back to UC3842 after the output voltage sampling; Adjust the output pulse width of 6 pin through its internal control circuit; With the output voltage of adjustment metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor Q1, realize stable output through circulation feedback.The inverse-excitation type switch power-supply of this patent is in order to control and to stablize separately and independently four the tunnel export simultaneously; Feedback input end 2 pin of its UC3842 are not the samplings that directly is connected to a certain road output voltage; But be connected to the emitter-base bandgap grading of Q2 (C1815); The base stage of Q2 is connected to 3 pin of photoelectrical coupler N2A, N2B, N2C, N2D (being PC817) respectively through diode D13, D14, D15, D16 (being 1N4148); Feedback input end 2 pin that are UC3842 are to be connected in the binding site of four tunnel charged state sampling rates after, and the feedback sample voltage of its acceptance is the comprehensive preferred signals (course of work of this part is described in detail in charged state sample circuit and charged state compare selection circuit) after relatively of four tunnel charged state sampling voltages.Q2 and D13, D14, D15, D16 form the charged state compare selection circuit.N2A, N2B, N2C, N2D form the charged state sample circuit.
In the circuit, R5 and C6 decision power work frequency, operating frequency f=1.8/R5C6.
In the circuit, R22, R23, R24, R25, C2 and D5, D6, D7 form peak voltage and absorb circuit, and protection Q1 FET is not punctured by the self induction electromotive force peak voltage of high frequency transformer at shutdown moment.This circuit also has the function that improves power-efficient.
C1, R14 and D9 form the weakening circuit, eliminate the spike of pulse front edge, increase circuit working stability.
R13 is a Q1 operating current sample resistance, and when the electric current formed voltage on it of flowing through during greater than 1v, this Voltage Feedback makes U1 quit work to 3 pin of U1, realizes protection.
The 5v operating voltage of Q2 can be provided by 8 pin of U1.
(2) high-frequency rectification circuit and constant current, constant voltage, trickle syllogic charging controlling output circuit.
A, B, C, D four road high-frequency rectifications and constant current, constant voltage, trickle charge controlling output circuit are duplicate, are that example is explained with the A road below.
The high-frequency output voltage at T1 level of high frequency switch power output transformer OA-GNDA two ends inputs on the hf rectifier D1A on A road, after rectification, obtains direct voltage through C2A filtering again, and output supplies charge in batteries after D5A isolates.
The output voltage of rectification circuit adds to input 3 pin of N3A (LM7808 three terminal regulator) simultaneously, obtains stable 8v output voltage from its 1 pin, supplies self circuit working usefulness.
The output voltage of rectification circuit adds to input/output terminal 3 pin of N1A (TL431 three terminal regulator) simultaneously through resistance R 1, obtain stable 2.5v output voltage from its 3 pin, supplies self circuit working usefulness.
The constant current course of work:
The charging current of storage battery obtains sampling voltage on R25A; This voltage adds to 4 pin of U2A (LM339); 5 pin of U2A are connected to reference voltage (being obtained through resistance R 7A and R5A dividing potential drop by stable 2.5v); Relatively the back is in the output of 2 pin in comparator LM339 for the reference voltage of the sampling voltage of 4 pin and 5 pin, and promptly the voltage of 2 pin has characterized the size of charging current.2 pin of photoelectrical coupler N2A (PC817) are connected to 2 pin of comparator U2A through resistance R 2A; The 2 pin voltages of U2A have determined the electric current of N2A interior lights fulgurite; The electric current of photoelectric tube has determined the voltage of 3 pin of N2A again, and therefore, the 3 pin voltages of photoelectrical coupler N2A have reflected the size of charging current.The D13 of this voltage through the charged state compare selection circuit adds to 2 pin of high frequency switch power U1 after Q2 isolates, the operating state of control U1, and the output of control high frequency switch power is through circulation feedback constant output charging current.
Implement in the illustration, in order to limit charging current at 1.8A (as far as the 12Ah storage battery), the 5 pin potential setting of U2A are 0.18v in the circuit; When the charging current of storage battery during greater than 1.8A, the last sampling voltage of R25A will be greater than 0.18v, and 2 pin of U2A will be near 0v; Photoelectric tube electric current in the photoelectrical coupler N2A is increased greatly, and its 3 pin voltage rises, and the 2 pin voltages of the U1 of high frequency switch power rise; Its internal controller makes output driving pulse narrowed width; Power supply output descends thereupon, causes charging current to descend, and reaches charging current through circulation feedback and is limited to 1.8A. realization constant current.
In the constant current course of work, the 11 pin voltages of U2A are higher than 10 pin voltages, and its 13 pin voltage is in a high position, and 8 pin also are high-order, and 14 pin are in low-voltage, cause Q1A to end, and red light emitting diodes D3A conducting is shinny, and the indication charging is in the constant current operating state.
The constant voltage course of work:
When the voltage on the storage battery reaches set upper limit voltage (the 12Ah storage battery is 14.8v), 6 pin of U2A get 2.47v through the parallel connection of resistance R 11A and R15A, R16A, R13A (because the conducting of Q2A, R13A and R15A, R16A parallel connection) dividing potential drop; Near the benchmark 2.5v of 7 pin, during when the voltage on the storage battery in case greater than 14.8v, 6 pin voltages are higher than 7 pin voltages; Its 1 pin voltage from high step-down near 0v; Diode D2A conducting, 2 pin of photoelectrical coupler are connected to 1 pin of U2A through resistance R 4A, and its interior lights fulgurite electric current increases; Cause its 3 pin voltage to rise; The 2 pin voltages of the U1 of high frequency switch power rise, and its internal controller makes output driving pulse narrowed width, and power supply output descends thereupon; Reach through circulation feedback and to be stabilized in 14.8v, realize constant voltage (stable voltage can adjust R11A, R15A, R16A ratio obtain).
The trickle course of work:
Because constant voltage effect; Along with the increase charging current of the energy of storage battery will slowly descend, when charging current is following less than 300mA (as far as the 12Ah storage battery), the sampling voltage on the sample resistance R25A adds to the 11 pin voltages of U2A will be less than the reference voltage (10 pin reference voltages are got from the 2.5v benchmark by resistance R 22A and R23A) of 10 pin; 13 pin voltages of comparator are by high step-down; The voltage step-down of 13 pin will cause Q2A to end, and R13 will be no longer and R15A, R16A parallel connection, and this just makes 6 pin of U2A increase from the voltage that charge power supply obtains; The 1 pin voltage that makes comparator in advance (14.8v relatively) by high step-down; As constant voltage process, power supply output further reduces, and reaches through circulation feedback to be stabilized in 14.1v (stable voltage can be adjusted the resistance acquisition of R13A).
After trickle work begins, the 11 pin voltages of U2A will be lower than 10 pin voltages, and its 13 pin voltage is by high step-down; 8 pin voltages are also by high step-down, and 14 pin voltages are uprised by low, cause Q1A to transfer conducting to by ending; Green LED D4A conducting is luminous, and the indication charging is in the trickle operating state.
(3) charged state sample circuit and charged state compare selection circuit.
A, B, C, D four tunnel charged state sample circuits connect A, B, C, D four tunnel constant currents, constant voltage, trickle syllogic charging controlling output circuit respectively.Existing is example explanation workflow with A road charged state sample circuit.
2 pin of the N2A of charged state sample circuit (photoelectrical coupler PC817) connect 1 pin of U2A through 2 pin of the U2A of resistance R 2A connection charging controlling output circuit through resistance R 4A, D2A.
The charging controlling output circuit is in the storage battery initiation of charge during stage; Charging voltage is lower, and charging current is bigger, and the course of work from top (two) can be seen; This moment, 2 pin of U2A were in low-voltage; And 1 pin is in high voltage, and the constant current control section of the controlling output circuit of charging this moment is connected 2 pin of the N2A of charged state sample circuit, and the inner luminous tube electric current of N2A is controlled by the constant current control section of charging controlling output circuit; The size of the 3 pin voltages reflection charging current of N2A, promptly the charged state sample circuit has been realized the sampling in constant current charge stage.Can adjust the range of linearity of constant current charge state sampling through the resistance of selecting R2A.
When the voltage charging on storage battery reaches the value of regulation (the 12Ah storage battery is 14.8v); 1 pin of U2A becomes low-voltage; The constant voltage control section of the controlling output circuit of charging this moment is connected 2 pin of the N2A of charged state sample circuit; And the 2 pin voltages of U2A raise with the reduction of charging current; The inner luminous tube electric current of N2A changes the constant voltage control section control by the charging controlling output circuit, the size of the 3 pin voltages reflection charging voltage of N2A, and promptly the charged state sample circuit has been realized the sampling in constant voltage charge stage.Can adjust the range of linearity of constant voltage charge state sampling through the resistance of selecting R4A.
The sampling process in the sampling process in trickle charge stage and constant voltage charge stage is the same, and difference only is that charging voltage is defined in a lower value (the 12Ah storage battery is 14.1v).
D13, D14, D15, D16 and Q2 form the charged state compare selection circuit.The sampling voltage of A road charged state sample circuit (being the 3 pin voltages of N2A) adds to the anode of D13; The sampling voltage of B road charged state sample circuit (being the 3 pin voltages of N2B) adds to the anode of D14; The sampling voltage of C road charged state sample circuit (being the 3 pin voltages of N2C) adds to the anode of D15, and the sampling voltage of D road charged state sample circuit (being the 3 pin voltages of N2D) adds to the anode of D16.Because the negative terminal of D13, D14, D15, D16 links together, the high value person in four tunnel sampling voltages will preferentially arrive the base stage of Q2 through diode, thereby preferentially control the 2 pin voltages of U1, the output of control high frequency switch power.
At the constant current working stage, the charging current in four tunnel charging controlling output circuit numbered one tunnel sampling voltage is earlier preferentially controlled the stable output of high frequency switch power, makes the charging current on other each road also be limited at limit value.
At the constant voltage working stage, the charging voltage in four tunnel charging controlling output circuit numbered one tunnel sampling voltage is earlier preferentially controlled the stable output of high frequency switch power, makes the charging voltage on other each road also be limited at limit value.
The course of work of the course of work of trickle working stage and constant voltage working stage is the same, here repeated description no longer.
Select the consistency of R17, R18, R19, R20 very important, it will influence the precision that sampling rate is selected.The resistance of adjustment R17, R18, R19, R20 can be adjusted the sampling rate range of linearity.
Each component value is among the embodiment:
Integrated circuit U1 is UC3842, and U2 is LM7805, U2A (in four comparators are arranged; Be respectively U2AA, U2AB, U2AC, U2AD), U2B (in four comparators are arranged, be respectively U2BA, U2BB, U2BC, U2BD), U2C (in four comparators are arranged, be respectively U2CA, U2CB, U2CC, U2CD), U2D (in four comparators are arranged; Be respectively U2DA, U2DB, U2DC, U2DD) be LM339, N1A, N1B, N1C, N1D are TL431, and N2A, N2B, N2C, N2D are PC817 (interior branch 2 parts; Be respectively N2AA.N2AB, N2BA.N2BB, N2CA.N2CB; N2DA.N2DB), N3A.N3B.N3C.N3D is LM7808.
Transistor Q1 is IRFT460, and Q2, Q1A, Q2A, Q1B, Q2B, Q1C, Q2C, Q1D, Q2D are C1815.
Rectifying tube D1 is KBP210, and D1A, D1B, D1C, D1D are MUR1620.
Diode D5, D6, D7 are IR307; D8, D9 are IR107; D10 is 1N4746A, and D11, D12 are 1N4744, and D13, D14, D15, D16, D2A, D2B, D2C, D2D are 1N4148; D3A, D3B, D3C, D3D, D4A, D4B, D4C, D4D are light-emitting diode, and D5A, D5B, D5C, D5D are 1N5401.
(explain: the not marked 0.25W of being of resistor power), R1 is 10 Ω thermistors to resistance, and R2 is 510K Ω/2w, and R3 is 150K Ω/1w, and R5 is 10k Ω; R6 is 150K Ω, and R8 is 100 Ω/3w, and R9 is 100 Ω, and R11 is 20 Ω, and R12 is 2K Ω; R13 is 0.5 Ω/1w, and R14 is 10k Ω/2w, and R15 is 5k Ω, and R17, R18, R19, R20 are 1k Ω, and R21 is 1k Ω; R22, R23, R24, R25 are 80k Ω/2w, and R1A.B.C.D (expression R1A, R1B, R1C, R1D, down together) is 1k Ω, and R2A.B.C.D is 11k Ω; R3A.B.C.D is 100k Ω, and R4A.B.C.D is 2.7k Ω, and R5A.B.C.D is 2.4k Ω, and R6A.B.C.D is 1k Ω; R7A.B.C.D is 30k Ω, and R8A.B.C.D is 1k Ω, and R9A.B.C.D is 1k Ω, and R10A.B.C.D is 1k Ω; R11A.B.C.D is 30k Ω, and R12A.B.C.D is 1k Ω, and R13A.B.C.D is 200k Ω, and R14A.B.C.D is 15k Ω; R15A.B.C.D is 47k Ω, and R16A.B.C.D is 6.8k Ω, and R17A.B.C.D is 10k Ω, and R18A.B.C.D is 10k Ω; R19A.B.C.D is 15k Ω, and R20A.B.C.D is 24k Ω, and R21A.B.C.D is 560 Ω/1W, and R22A.B.C.D is 23k Ω; R23A.B.C.D is 360 Ω, and R24A.B.C.D is 1k Ω, and R25A.B.C.D is 0.1 Ω/1w, and R26A.B.C.D is 200 Ω/2w.
Fuse F1 is 1A.
XA, XB, XC, XD refer to four sockets.
XA2, XB2, XC2, XD2 are respectively A, B, C, the D charging current sampling points in the controlling output circuit that respectively charges.
A8v, B8v, C8v, D8v refer to respectively the charge 8v output of N3A in the controlling output circuit, N3B, N3C, N3D of A, B, C, D; A2.5v, B2.5v, C2.5v, D2.5v refer to respectively the charge 2.5v output of N1A in the controlling output circuit, N1B, N1C, N1D of A, B, C, D.
P1 is a 220v alternating voltage input socket.
XA, XB, XC, XD are the charging voltage accessory power outlets of controlling output circuit of respectively charging.
PA, PB, PC, PD are the charged state indicator light gang socket of controlling output circuit of respectively charging.
As shown in Figure 7; Divide and fill system charger (corresponding four joint storage batterys) and conventional formula charging converter; Be N+1 line-2 line transducer (5 lines-2 line transducer), make the serial connection charging that charger storage batteries group can be met an urgent need and used common charger to be fit to divide fill.One one of transducer is provided with branch and fills system charging the end of a thread A1, A2, A3, A4, A5 and common charger connector lug B1, B2, and wherein, connector lug B1 is electrically connected with connector lug A1, and connector lug B2 is electrically connected with connector lug A5.
The above; Be merely embodiment of the present invention; But protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; Under the prerequisite that does not deviate from spirit of the present invention and essence thereof, the staff of skilled works as can make corresponding change and distortion according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and distortion all belong to the protection range of the appended claim of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. divide and fill the system battery charger, it is characterized in that: comprise one group of high frequency switch power, the balance-type high frequency transformer that the output of N group is arranged; N high-frequency rectification circuit; A charged state compare selection circuit, N charged state sample circuit, N charging controlling output circuit; Wherein, High frequency switch power is exported by the balance-type high frequency transformer; After the high-frequency rectification circuit rectification, through the output of charging controlling output circuit, charging controlling output circuit feedback charged state sample circuit; The charged state sample circuit connects the charged state compare selection circuit, charged state compare selection circuit feedback high frequency switch power.
2. branch according to claim 1 fills the system battery charger, it is characterized in that: described high frequency switch power is made up of Switching Power Supply control integrated circuit and driven MOS fet power pipe; The balance-type high frequency transformer has the output of N group; High-frequency rectification circuit has N, and each free high-frequency rectification diode and corresponding filter capacitor are formed respectively; The charged state compare selection circuit connects a shared transistor by N diode and forms; The charged state sample circuit is N, is made up of N photoelectrical coupler of correspondence respectively; The charging controlling output circuit is N: form constant current, constant voltage and trickle syllogic charging controlling output circuit by N each free four a voltage comparator integrated circuit and a corresponding N transistor; Wherein: said high frequency switch power control integrated circuit is controlled by the charged state compare selection circuit of being made up of transistor and diode; Said charged state compare selection circuit is accepted the output of each road charged state sample circuit of each free photoelectrical coupler composition; Each charged state sample circuit connects the controlling output circuit of respectively charging; Independently high-frequency rectification circuit provides same input voltage by Switch Power Transformer separately.
3. branch according to claim 2 fills the system battery charger, it is characterized in that: described high frequency switch power refers to the high frequency inverse-excitation type switch power-supply, is made up of PWM-type Switching Power Supply control integrated circuit U1 and driven MOS fet power pipe Q1; Balance-type high frequency transformer T1 is the output of 2-8 group; High-frequency rectification circuit is 2-8, is made up of 2-8 high-frequency rectification diode and corresponding filter capacitor respectively; The charged state compare selection circuit connects transistor Q2 by 2-8 diode and forms; The charged state sample circuit is 2-8, is made up of the photoelectrical coupler of correspondence respectively; The charging controlling output circuit is 2-8: each free four voltage comparator integrated circuit is formed constant current, constant voltage and trickle syllogic charging controlling output circuit with respectively corresponding transistor.
4. branch according to claim 2 fills the system battery charger, it is characterized in that: described high frequency switch power refers to the high frequency inverse-excitation type switch power-supply, is made up of PWM-type Switching Power Supply control integrated circuit U1 and driven MOS fet power pipe Q1; Balance-type high frequency transformer T1 is A, B, C, four groups of outputs of D; High-frequency rectification circuit is four of A, B, C, D, is made up of high-frequency rectification diode D1A, D1B, D1C, D1D and corresponding filter capacitor respectively; The charged state compare selection circuit is connected transistor Q2 and is formed by four diode D13, D14, D15, D16; The charged state sample circuit is four of A, B, C, D, and photoelectrical coupler N2A, N2B, N2C, the N2D by correspondence forms respectively; The charging controlling output circuit is four of A, B, C, D: each free four voltage comparator integrated circuit U2A, U2B, U2C, U2D and corresponding transistor Q2A, Q2B, Q2C, Q2D form constant current, constant voltage and trickle syllogic charging controlling output circuit respectively.
5. fill the system battery charger according to claim 3 or 4 described branches; It is characterized in that: feedback input end 2 pin of the PWM-type Switching Power Supply control integrated circuit U1 of inverse-excitation type switch power-supply are connected to the emitter-base bandgap grading of the transistor Q2 of charged state compare selection circuit, and this inverse-excitation type switch power-supply is controlled by the voltage of the transistor Q2 emitter-base bandgap grading of compare selection circuit;
The transistor Q2 base stage of charged state compare selection circuit is connected to 3 pin of the photoelectrical coupler N2 on each road of charged state sample circuit respectively through the corresponding diode in each road, is controlled by the comprehensive output of each road charged state sample circuit.
6. fill the system battery charger according to claim 3 or 4 described branches; It is characterized in that: 2 pin of the photoelectrical coupler N2 on each road of charged state sample circuit; Be connected to 1 and 2 pin of each road four voltage comparator integrated circuit U2 of constant current, constant voltage and trickle syllogic charging controlling output circuit through resistance, its interior light emitting diodes is current controlled in 1 pin and the 2 pin voltages of U2 separately.
7. fill the system battery charger according to claim 3 or 4 described branches, it is characterized in that: each is organized constant current, constant voltage and the trickle syllogic charging controlling output circuit photoelectrical coupler N2 through separately and isolates each other; Isolate with high frequency switch power again simultaneously.
8. fill the system battery charger according to claim 3 or 4 described branches; It is characterized in that: switching mode power supply transformer T1 guarantees that each output winding has same output voltage values, guarantees the same number of turn, same diameter of wire and same inductance and leakage inductance in the coiling.
9. fill the system battery charger according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described branches; It is characterized in that: the charger output has N+1 root output line; Connect the anode of storage battery 1 respectively; The anode tie point of storage battery 1 negative terminal and storage battery 2 ..., the anode tie point of the negative terminal of storage battery N-1 and storage battery N, the negative terminal of storage battery N.
10. branch according to claim 9 fills the system battery charger, it is characterized in that: branch fills the system charger and has N+1 line-2 line transducer.
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| CN2011100880652A CN102738872A (en) | 2011-04-08 | 2011-04-08 | Separately-charging battery charger |
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| CN2011100880652A CN102738872A (en) | 2011-04-08 | 2011-04-08 | Separately-charging battery charger |
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| CN103441554A (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2013-12-11 | 无锡交大银河科技有限公司 | Charging and discharging circuit of series battery pack and working method thereof |
| CN104701935A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-06-10 | 上海卫星装备研究所 | High-reliability mobile DC power source |
| CN104917222A (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2015-09-16 | 惠州市英盟科技有限公司 | Electric-vehicle vehicle-mounted digital charger |
| CN105978112A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-09-28 | 西安科技大学 | Super capacitor multi-mode quick charge circuit design method |
| CN107078528A (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-08-18 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Charging method, charge control system, charging device and the unmanned plane of power supply |
| CN109038713A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-12-18 | 金华安靠电源科技有限公司 | A kind of classification charging management system |
| CN106026334B (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2019-01-11 | 西安科技大学 | Super capacitor three stage charging system circuit and its method for super capacitor fast charging |
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| CN103441554A (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2013-12-11 | 无锡交大银河科技有限公司 | Charging and discharging circuit of series battery pack and working method thereof |
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| CN106026334B (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2019-01-11 | 西安科技大学 | Super capacitor three stage charging system circuit and its method for super capacitor fast charging |
| CN107078528A (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-08-18 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Charging method, charge control system, charging device and the unmanned plane of power supply |
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Application publication date: 20121017 |