CN102735529B - Testing method realizing integration of hot-working simulation and performance test - Google Patents
Testing method realizing integration of hot-working simulation and performance test Download PDFInfo
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- CN102735529B CN102735529B CN201210192246.4A CN201210192246A CN102735529B CN 102735529 B CN102735529 B CN 102735529B CN 201210192246 A CN201210192246 A CN 201210192246A CN 102735529 B CN102735529 B CN 102735529B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a testing method realizing the integration of hot-working simulation and performance test. According to the invention, a lengthened and thickened simulation sample is used for simulating controlled rolling and controlled cooling processes; the simulation sample is processed along an axial direction, such that a standard impact sample used for an impact performance test is obtained; and the simulation sample is processed at an average temperature deformation zone along a radial direction into an I-shaped micro-tensile sample, and the sample is subjected to a normal-temperature tensile-performance test by using a matched micro-tensile fixture. Therefore, the integration of hot-working and performance test is realized. With the method provided by the invention, compared with the tensile test result of a standard sample, the data of the tensile test result of the method is relatively accurate, and the efficiency of the hot simulation test is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ferrous materials thermal simulation and performance test field, specifically one can realize hot-working simulation and the integrated test method of performance test.
Background technology
The target of controlled rolling and control cooling technology is to realize grain refinement and refined crystalline strengthening, improves structure property, better reach this object, need to study the affect rule of each technological parameter on steel microstructure, mechanical property in controlled rolling and the cold process of control.In actual production, controlled rolling and the cold process of control will be passed through the cooling-links such as fabric analysis-performance test of blank heating-controlled rolling-control, its cycle is long, and During Controlled Rolling is subject to the many factors such as deformation temperature, rate of deformation, deflection, controlling cold process is subject to the passage residence time, opens the many factors such as cold temperature and final cooling temperature, real cost is high, partial parameters is difficult to reach accurate control, for the research of above-mentioned rule has brought difficulty.
Gleeble-3500 hot modeling test machine belongs to U.S. DSI(Dynamic Systems Inc.) the Gleeble series of scientific and technological association development and production, formed by heating system, afterburner system and computer control system three parts, can be used for all metal materials and hot procedure modeling effort thereof that Rheological strength is lower.When Gleeble experiment, the uniform temperature zone width in sample, can arbitrarily control along the thermograde of specimen length direction (axially) or horizontal (radially), both can carry out samming experiment, also can carry out thermograde control experiment.Adopt Gleeble-3500 hot modeling test machine simulation controlled rolling, control cold process, can accurately control the key process parameters such as deformation temperature, deflection, strain rate, cooling velocity, the result of simulated experiment can reflect being heated of actual components or material and stressing conditions, thereby reproducing simulated the variation of object micromechanism and macro property.The sample form that Gleeble-3500 simulation heat processing technique adopts is generally Φ 8 × 12mm, Φ 10 × 15mm or Φ 10 × 12mm, this sample form is only suitable for carrying out structure observation and hardness test after Gleeble-3500 thermal simulation, tensile sample and impact specimen cannot be processed by size restrictions, thereby cannot carry out Mechanics Performance Testing to the sample after thermal simulation.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide one can realize hot-working simulation and the integrated test method of performance test.It adopts and is provided with that the clamping fixture of through hole and the stainless steel jig of hot modeling test machine match that incompatible location lengthens, overstriking simulation sample, in order to simulate hot compression deformation process, then the simulation sample after hot-working simulation is in axial direction processed into standard impact specimen and carries out impact property test; At the uniform temperature zone of simulation sample, be radially processed into micro-tensile sample and carry out normal tensile property test, thereby realize hot-working and performance test is integrated.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
One realizes hot-working simulation and the integrated test method of performance test, and first the method is made simulation sample and carried out hot-working simulation, then simulation sample is processed into impact specimen and micro-tensile sample carries out performance test, carries out according to following step:
The simulation sample of A, the more than 2 Φ 10-15mm × 75-85mm of making, the two ends of simulation sample are positioned in the work die cavity of hot modeling test machine by the clamping fixture that is provided with through hole respectively and end stainless steel jig spacing, then according to the parameter simulation test of carrying out hot compression distortion of setting, carry out fabric analysis after being cooled to room temperature;
B, get wherein a simulation sample, be processed into standard impact specimen along its axial direction, carry out impulse test;
C, another delivery are intended sample, cut the thin rounded flakes that thickness is 1 ~ 3mm in samming distorted area, cut into micro-tensile sample of " work " font;
D, micro-tensile sample two ends are used with the stretching clamp of positioning component and blocked, carry out tensile property test.
The beneficial effect that adopts technique scheme to produce is: (1) adopts simulation sample of the present invention to carry out after hot-working simulation, can first carry out structure observation and hardness test, and the impact specimen that then can also cut into standard carries out impact property test; (2) simulation sample is through after cooling controlling and rolling controlling process simulation, and uniform temperature zone is through high temperature deformation, and axially tissue, performance difference are very large, and radially organize relatively even, HV
10difference is no more than 15(and removes edge 2 points), cut the thin rounded flakes of 1 ~ 3mm along simulation sample direction radially, then thin rounded flakes is cut into the micro-tensile sample of " work " font and carry out tension test, result shows that compared with the tensile property with standard sample, the data obtained is more or less the same; (3), in the technical scheme of micro-stretching clamp, described micro-stretching clamp can critically compress location by the leg of micro-tensile sample, does not produce shearing force to ensure the uniaxial tensile stress in drawing process.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the location structure schematic diagram that the present invention simulates sample;
Fig. 2 is micro-tensile sample structural representation that the present invention obtains from uniform temperature zone cutting;
Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b are respectively that the master of upper cover of the present invention looks and left TV structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b are respectively that the present invention clamps the main TV structure schematic diagram of core and B-B to cut-open view;
Fig. 5 be after upper cover, the combination of clamping core and lower cover along C-C to sectional drawing;
Fig. 6 a ~ Fig. 6 e is hot compression structural homogenity the result of the present invention; Wherein, Fig. 6 a represents microhardness value, and Fig. 6 b represents apart from central point 0 left 2mm place, position microstructure; Fig. 6 c represents central point 0 position microstructure; Fig. 6 d represents apart from central point 0 right 2mm place, position microstructure, and Fig. 6 e represents apart from central point 0 right 4mm place, position microstructure;
Fig. 7 a and Fig. 7 b are respectively while adopting 45#, the stress strain curve of standard sample stress strain curve and micro-tensile sample;
Fig. 8 a and Fig. 8 b are respectively the stress strain curve (a) of T8 steel standard sample and (b) stress strain curve of micro-tensile sample;
Wherein, 1, clamping fixture, 2, simulation sample, 3, thin rounded flakes, 4, micro-tensile sample, 5, upper cover, 6, lower cover, 7, clamping core, 8, projection, 9, through hole, A represents constricted zone, 10, stainless steel jig.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, content of the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment
The present invention realizes hot-working simulation and the integrated method of performance test, first the method is made simulation sample 2 and is carried out hot-working simulation, then simulation sample 2 is processed into standard impact specimen and micro-tensile sample 4 carries out performance test, specifically carries out according to following step:
The simulation sample 2 of A, 2 Φ 10-15mm × 75-85mm of making, the two ends of simulation sample 2 are positioned in the work die cavity of Gleeble hot modeling test machine by the clamping fixture 1 that is provided with through hole respectively and end stainless steel jig 10 spacing, then according to the parameter simulation test of carrying out hot compression distortion of setting, carry out fabric analysis after being cooled to room temperature.
Described clamping fixture 1 is combined by clamp docking symmetry, that butt joint edge is provided with semi-circular through hole; The external diameter of the aperture of described semi-circular through hole and described simulation sample 2 matches.In prior art, clamping fixture, by bearing pin 10 by the location, two ends of simulation sample 2, is therefore not suitable for the simulation sample of growing.
In the present embodiment, simulation sample 2 is through the through hole of clamping fixture 1, and two ends are spacing with stainless steel jig 10 supporting on Gleeble hot modeling test machine, take full advantage of the space in work die cavity, can adopt the long simulation sample of 75 ~ 85mm.
B, sample after getting an analog rolling wherein and completing, being processed into length along its axial direction is 55mm, xsect is the standard impact specimen of 10mm ' 10mm square-section, carries out the regulation of relevant criterion and carries out impulse test.
C, get the simulation sample after an other rolling completes, cut thickness in samming distorted area and be the thin rounded flakes 3(of 1 ~ 3mm referring to the dotted line in Fig. 2), cut into micro-tensile sample 4 of " work " font, referring to Fig. 2.Described micro-tensile sample 4 is made up of two legs and waist.
D, micro-tensile sample two ends are used with the stretching clamp of positioning component and blocked, carry out tensile property test.
Described stretching clamp forms " sandwich " structure by flat upper cover 5, clamping core 7 and lower cover 6; Described clamping core 7 is provided with the through hole 9 matching with leg and the waist of micro-tensile sample 4 one end; The structure of described upper cover and lower cover is identical, which is provided with the leg projection 8 corresponding and that mate with described through hole 9 with described micro-tensile sample 4.Referring to Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b and Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b.While using this micro-stretching clamp, first the leg at micro-stretching style 4 two ends is stuck in the through hole 9 of clamping core 7, then upper cover 5 and lower cover 6 are positioned to the both sides that clamp core 7, and the projection embedding of upper cover 5 and lower cover 6 is fixed in the through hole 9 of clamping core 7, again upper cover 5, clamping core 7 and lower cover 6 are located by connecting, form " sandwich " structure; Projection 8 thickness of described upper cover, lower cover and the thickness sum of micro-tensile sample 4 equate with the thickness (being the degree of depth of through hole 9) of clamping core 7, micro-like this tensile sample 4 can critically be positioned between upper cover 5 and lower cover 6, when the two ends of micro-tensile sample 4 are all blocked while carrying out tension test by micro-stretching clamp, tensile force is axially identical with micro-tensile sample 4, can not produce shearing force, the data that make to stretch are more accurate.。
The simulation sample 2 of making Φ 15mm × 85mm in the present embodiment, carries out the simulation of thermal processing distortion according to following parameter: the first 1100 DEG C of passage deformation temperatures, 850 DEG C of deflection 35%, the second passage deformation temperatures, deflection 30%, strain rate is 1s
-1, after the second passage distortion relaxation 50s to opening cold temperature, after be cooled to final cooling temperature with 5 DEG C/s, then with the programming rate temperature control of 0.25 DEG C/s to red temperature, then air cooling arrives room temperature.
After controlled rolling and controlled cooling simulation, simulate the constricted zone form of sample 2 as shown in Figure 1, in samming distorted area, electric spark cuts the thin sample of circle that thickness is 1-3mm, as shown in the dotted line in Fig. 2.Thickness is that the thin sample diameter of the circle of 2mm is about 25mm, and this thin rounded flakes can be processed as to non-standard micro-tensile sample 4 of form as shown in Figure 2.Described micro-tensile sample 4 is by two legs for clamping and into a single integrated structure " work " font of kidney-shaped for stretching.
The size of micro-stretching clamp is wide according to the leg of micro-tensile sample 4, the thick equidimension of waist is determined.In the present embodiment, the thick 2mm of micro-tensile sample 4, the projection thickness of upper cover 5 and lower cover 6 is 1mm, the thickness of clamping core is 4mm.Described micro-stretching clamp is easily processed, and cost is low, and time processing can be used for a long time.
When micro-tensile sample line cutting processing, rationally adjust correlation parameter, make the each surface of sample as far as possible level and smooth, afterwards through sand papering, reduce to cause the concentrated possibility of stress because of cut channel.
The structural homogenity the result of measuring along simulation sample axial direction after hot compression is as shown in Fig. 6 a ~ e, can find out: in samming distorted area, grain size is consistent, and tissue is granular bainite microstructure, and microhardness value changes not quite between 294.4-298.1Hv10.
About the accuracy of carrying out tension test of micro-tensile sample, by comparing to verify with standard sample.
1. adopt 45# steel to compare micro-tension test and standard tensile test figure.As shown in Figure 7a, as seen from the figure, the yield strength of 45# steel is 355MPa left and right to stress-extensibility curve that standard tensile sample records, and tensile strength is in 600MPa left and right, and extensibility is about 30%; As shown in Figure 7b, as seen from the figure, the yield strength that adopts this method to record 45# steel is 380MPa left and right to the tensile stress strain curve that said method records, and tensile strength is in 640MPa left and right, and extensibility is about 22%.With standard tensile performance Comparatively speaking, micro-tension test the data obtained, compared with the high 25-40MPa of code test data, is more or less the same.And because the original gauge length of sample does not meet the regulation of the short-and-medium proportional test bar of standard, extensibility value is only for reference.
2. adopt T8 steel to compare micro-tension test and standard tensile test figure.The stress-displacement curve of standard tensile sample and micro-tensile sample is as shown in Fig. 8 a and Fig. 8 b.As can be seen from the figure, the tensile strength of standard sample is in 1240MPa left and right, and the tensile strength of micro-tension test sample is in 1245MPa left and right, is more or less the same.Therefore the stretching result of micro-tensile sample can be for the tensile property of evaluation criterion sample.
Adopt the measured tensile property degree of accuracy of the present invention higher, fracture all occurs in gauge length, and comparatively approaching with the performance data of standard sample.
Claims (6)
1. realize hot-working simulation and the integrated test method of performance test for one kind, first the method is made simulation sample and is carried out hot-working simulation, then simulation sample is processed into impact specimen and micro-tensile sample carries out performance test, it is characterized in that carrying out according to following step:
The simulation sample of A, the more than 2 Φ 15mm × 75-85mm of making, the two ends of simulation sample are positioned in the work die cavity of hot modeling test machine by the clamping fixture that is provided with through hole respectively and end stainless steel jig spacing, then according to the parameter simulation test of carrying out hot compression distortion of setting, carry out fabric analysis after being cooled to room temperature;
B, get wherein a simulation sample, be processed into standard impact specimen along its axial direction, carry out impulse test;
C, another delivery are intended sample, cut the thin rounded flakes that thickness is 1 ~ 3mm in samming distorted area, cut into micro-tensile sample of " work " font;
D, micro-tensile sample two ends are used with the stretching clamp of positioning component and blocked, carry out tensile property test.
2. hot-working simulation and the integrated test method of performance test of realizing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that clamping fixture described in steps A by symmetry, butt joint edge be provided with semi-circular through hole, outline docks and combines with the fixture block of described work type cavity shape coupling.
3. hot-working simulation and the integrated test method of performance test of realizing according to claim 2, is characterized in that the aperture of described semi-circular through hole and the external diameter of simulation sample match.
4. hot-working simulation and the integrated test method of performance test of realizing according to claim 1, is characterized in that described stretching clamp forms " sandwich " structure by flat upper cover (5), clamping core (7) and lower cover (6); Described clamping core (7) is provided with the through hole (9) mating with micro-tensile sample (4) one end; Described upper cover (5) is identical with the structure of lower cover (6), which is provided with the projection (8) mating with through hole (9).
5. hot-working simulation and the integrated test method of performance test of realizing according to claim 4, is characterized in that the projection thickness of described upper cover (5), lower cover (6) and the thickness sum of micro-tensile sample (4) equate with the thickness of clamping core (7).
6. hot-working simulation and the integrated test method of performance test of realizing according to claim 1, is characterized in that before tension test and impulse test, and impact specimen and micro-tensile sample (4) are polished.
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| CN2753707Y (en) * | 2004-11-08 | 2006-01-25 | 渤海船舶重工有限责任公司 | Dismountable shaft-like workpiece hoisting gripping member |
| CN201047817Y (en) * | 2007-04-10 | 2008-04-16 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Tooth block of tensile specimen |
| CN101984335A (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2011-03-09 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Method of analyzing product structure and properties by the utilization of samples prepared with thermo-stimulated test |
| CN202066747U (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2011-12-07 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Chuck device of thermal simulation machine |
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