CN102735446A - Stepping enhancement test method for tapered roller bearings - Google Patents
Stepping enhancement test method for tapered roller bearings Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a stepping enhancement test method for tapered roller bearings. The method comprises the following steps of: sample preparation, test installation, test loading parameter setting, first unit test, subsequent unit test, retest of non-failure samples, last non-failure bearing test, calculation of equivalent test passing time, test judgment and the like. By the test method provided by the invention, a quick comparison method for the fatigue life of the tapered roller bearings of the same model produced by different manufacturers (two or more) in different batches is specified; and enhancement fatigue life test data is provided for a user to serve as the basis of quality comparative assessment and high-quality bearing supplier selection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the taper roll bearing production field, especially a kind of taper roll bearing stepping strenuous test method.
Background technology
At present; Lifting along with domestic taper roll bearing total quality; Domestic and international industry such as automobile, wind-powered electricity generation, mine is car load factory particularly; Seek Chinese bearing and become trend, but before switching, vehicle main frame unit presses for the report of homemade and external well-known bearing contrast durability test was provided in the short time both at home and abroad to substitute imported bearings such as TIMKEN, SKF, FAG, NSK, KOYO, NTN.If according to conventional test, its test period is long, and test sampling observation examination amount 8 cover (rising) bearings of general rower regulation needed more than 5 ~ 6 months, thereby influenced whole supporting process, made the supporting exploitation of main frame receive temporal restriction.If test simultaneously, can address this problem, but be unfavorable for the actual tests arrangement, and experimentation cost is higher with many testing machines.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art; Efficiently solve this problem with " progressively increasing progressively strenuous test "; Promptly only need can accomplish the 8 clusters examination that rower is stipulated at 1 month, and write down to form and test examination data accordingly, to calculate final test examination conclusion; Satisfy " testing out the life-span gap that substitutes bearing and former bearing with the shortest time " requirement that the client proposes, provide a kind of process of the test short taper roll bearing stepping strenuous test method.
The present invention solves the technical scheme that its technical matters adopts: this taper roll bearing stepping strenuous test method comprises following steps:
1) sample is prepared: each 10 cover of the bearing of two tame producers, represent with W, X code name, and each 8 cover of test specimen wherein, each 2 cover of subsequent use sample, subsequent use sample is used to replace invalid test specimen or is used to accompany examination, with the sample of the being invited to be present at a banquet given in honour of a distinguished guest examination examination that do not judge;
2) test is installed: every group of comparison test divides 8 unit, and each unit comparison test is carried out on same testing machine, and it is as shown in table 1 that sample is installed station, if invalid test appears in certain or a plurality of unit, then test unit is postponed;
3) test procedure:
A) the test loading parameters is set: the first module loading parameters of every group of comparison test is as definite foundation of seven single test loading parameters of postorder;
B) first module test: by table 1 with W01 and X01 sample by pack into testing machine and starting shooting of GB/T 24607-2009 standard-required, and test till the bearing failure coefficient of intensification Ki when obtaining stopping to test;
C) postorder single test: with the first module loading parameters serves as to make an experiment according to seven unit samples to postorder;
D) the do not lose efficacy test again of sample: after normally accomplishing eight single tests, to the bearing luggage machine test again of not losing efficacy;
E) last overlaps the test of the bearing that do not lose efficacy: last overlaps do not lose efficacy bearing and the same single test of W replacement bearing;
F) equivalent test is through the calculating of time: with the test period Ti of the different coefficient of intensification Ki of each experimental stage lower bearing through the time, converting becomes test under the equivalent dynamic loading through time T mi, and then equivalent test through time T m is:
In the formula, Cr: the bearing dynamic load rating (unit: kN),
N: the bearing test rotating speed (unit: r/min),
P
i: i experimental stage equivalent dynamic loading (unit: kN),
P
m: equivalent equivalent dynamic loading (unit: kN),
T
i: the i experimental stage is through time (unit: h);
Test is judged: equivalent test is higher than another producer's bearing through the long bearing fatigue life of time T m.
As preferably, with the testing machine control system bearing outer ring temperature, vibration values are monitored in real time in the step 3).
As preferably, said b) process of the test is: at first in 3 hours, being loaded into coefficient of intensification gradually by GB/T 24607-2009 standard-required is 0.3, and in 9 hours, being loaded into coefficient of intensification again is 0.4; After break-in in 12 hours,, unusual etc. like alarm free shutdown, temperature rise aggravation, vibrating noise if test is but down unusual; Then get K1=0.40+0.04i (i=1) and continue test,, then get K1=0.40+0.02i (i=1) if after loading above-mentioned unusual generation is arranged; Test period is 12 hours, if still no abnormal, then get K2=0.40+0.04i (i=2) or 0.40+0.02i (i=2) and continues test; Test period is 12 hours, by that analogy, is till the bearing element surface produces the limit load of elastic deformation until coefficient of intensification; Then stop to increase progressively coefficient of intensification, and test till the bearing failure; If when coefficient of intensification is incremented to a certain numerical value, above-mentioned abnormal occurrence occurs, then load is returned to the coefficient of intensification of a last experimental stage, and test till the bearing failure.
As preferably; Said d) process of the test is: if W bearing and X bearing all have the bearing of inefficacy; Then require W and X bearing to install, and get the close sample of Ki value and carry out same single test, if only have W or X bearing according to table 1 regulation; Then with reference to the regulation of table 1, the sample that the Ki value is close carries out same single test; The less load of Ki value when in 2 hours, load being added to two cover bearing Central Plains gradually and stop to test by GB/T 24607-2009 standard, test 12 hours under this loading factor then is if test is but unusually following; Unusual etc. like alarm free shutdown, temperature rise aggravation, vibrating noise, then getting K (i+1)=0.40+0.04 (i+1) continues test, if after loading above-mentioned unusual generation is arranged; Then get K (i+1)=0.40+0.02 (i+1), test period is 12 hours, if still no abnormal; Then get K (i+2)=0.40+0.04 (i+2) or 0.40+0.02 (i+2) and continue test; Test period is 12 hours, by that analogy, is till the bearing element surface produces the limit load of elastic deformation until coefficient of intensification; Then stop to increase progressively coefficient of intensification, and test till the bearing failure; If when coefficient of intensification is incremented to a certain numerical value, above-mentioned abnormal occurrence occurs, then load is returned to the coefficient of intensification of a last experimental stage, and test till the bearing failure.
As preferably, said e) process of the test is: last cover do not lose efficacy bearing and the same single test of W replacement bearing, and the installation station is with reference to table 1; Loading factor Ki when test load added to this bearing that do not lose efficacy gradually and shuts down at last by GB/T 24607-2009 standard-required in 2 hours, test 12 hours under this loading factor then is if test is but unusual down; Unusual etc. like alarm free shutdown, temperature rise aggravation, vibrating noise, then getting K (i+1)=0.40+0.04 (i+1) continues test, if after loading above-mentioned unusual generation is arranged; Then get K (i+1)=0.40+0.02 (i+1), test period is 12 hours, if still no abnormal; Then get K (i+2)=0.40+0.04 (i+2) or 0.40+0.02 (i+2) and continue test; Test period is 12 hours, by that analogy, is till the bearing element surface produces the limit load of elastic deformation until coefficient of intensification; Then stop to increase progressively coefficient of intensification, and test till the bearing failure; If when coefficient of intensification is incremented to a certain numerical value, above-mentioned abnormal occurrence occurs, then load is returned to the coefficient of intensification of a last experimental stage, and test till the bearing failure.
As preferably, arbitrary station bearing normal inefficacy occurs and promptly stops this single test, and this single test is referred to as normal efficiency test; Improper failure phenomenons such as generate heat, kill appears in arbitrary station bearing, then stops this single test, and to look this single test be invalid test, and readjusts test plan, till first group of normal efficiency test of generation.
To invent useful effect be: this test method of the present invention has been stipulated quick comparison method fatigue lifetime of the same model taper roll bearing that different manufacturers (two and more than), different batches are produced; And for the user provides the reinforcement data of fatigue life, as quality contrast examination, high-quality bearing Supplier Selection foundation.
This test method is applicable to that simultaneously bearing manufacturing plant improves forward and backward bearing life verification experimental verification, thereby for bearing selection, optimal design, technology adjustment improve test examination decision data is provided apace.
Embodiment
Be described further in the face of the present invention down:
1) sample is prepared:
1, sample size: each 10 cover of two tame producer bearings, represent (wherein each 8 cover of test specimen, subsequent use sample 2 covers) with W, X code name.Subsequent use sample is used to replace invalid test specimen or is used to accompany examination, with the sample of the being invited to be present at a banquet given in honour of a distinguished guest examination examination that do not judge.2, on the non-basal plane of the inside and outside circle of sample, number respectively.
2) test bearing is installed:
1 group of comparison test divides 8 unit, and totally 16 overlap samples, and wherein 8 covers are producer's sample (representing with W), and 8 covers are another producer's sample (representing with X) in addition.1 unit comparison test is carried out on same testing machine.Sample installation station is seen shown in the following table 1, requires test report must embody sample station and erection sequence and sample number into spectrum are installed.If invalid test appears in certain or a plurality of unit, then test unit is postponed, and the invalid test of mark in remarks column.
Table 1
3) test procedure:
A) the first module loading parameters of every group of comparison test is as definite foundation of seven single test loading parameters of postorder.
B) first module test:
By station shown in the table 1 with W01 and X01 sample by pack into testing machine and start shooting of GB/T 24607-2009 standard-required by established procedure.At first in 3 hours, being loaded into coefficient of intensification gradually by GB/T 24607-2009 standard-required is 0.3, and in 9 hours, being loaded into coefficient of intensification again is 0.4 (testing laboratory can specifically control test heap(ed) capacity and the adjustment of time according to product actual tests situation);
After break-in in 12 hours, if test no abnormal (be alarm free shutdowns, temperature rise aggravation, vibrating noise unusual etc.), then getting K1=0.40+0.04i (i=1) continues to test; If after loading above-mentioned unusual generation is arranged; Then get K1=0.40+0.02i (i=1), test period is 12 hours, if still no abnormal; Then get K2=0.40+0.04i (i=2) or 0.40+0.02i (i=2) and continue test, test period is 12 hours.By that analogy, be till bearing element surface produces the limit load of elastic deformation, then to stop to increase progressively coefficient of intensification until coefficient of intensification, and test till the bearing failure; When if coefficient of intensification is incremented to a certain numerical value, abnormal occurrencies such as bearing temperature rise aggravation, vibration values fluctuation are big appear, and then load is returned to the coefficient of intensification of a last experimental stage, and test till the bearing failure.
Arbitrary station bearing normal inefficacy occurs and promptly stops this single test, and this single test is referred to as normal efficiency test; Improper failure phenomenons such as generating heat, kill appears in arbitrary station bearing, then stops this single test, and to look this single test be invalid test, but should do the test situation explanation.And readjust test plan, till producing first group of normal efficiency test.
Calculate the normal efficiency test equivalence of first module basic rating life L10m.
In the formula,
L10m: equivalent basic rating life (unit: h).
Pm: equivalent equivalent dynamic loading (unit: kN).In two groups of comparison samples, the equivalent dynamic loading Pm of experimental stage (m experimental stage) that occurs fatigue flake the earliest is as equivalent equivalent dynamic loading.
Cr: bearing dynamic load rating (unit: kN).
N: bearing test rotating speed (unit: r/min).
C) postorder single test: with the first module loading parameters serves as to make an experiment according to seven unit samples to postorder.With the testing machine control system bearing outer ring temperature, vibration values are monitored in real time, and monitoring result of the 10 minutes records in every interval.
D) the do not lose efficacy test again of sample:
After four or eight single tests of normal completion, to the bearing luggage machine test again of not losing efficacy.
Press GB/T 24607-2009 standard-required, the less load of Ki value was tested 12 hours under this loading factor then when in 2 hours, load being added to two cover bearing Central Plains gradually and stop to test; If test is but down unusual (like alarm free shutdowns, temperature rise aggravation, vibrating noise unusual etc.), then getting K (i+1)=0.40+0.04 (i+1) continues test, as if after the loading above-mentioned unusual generation being arranged; Then get K (i+1)=0.40+0.02 (i+1), test period is 12 hours, if still no abnormal; Then get K (i+2)=0.40+0.04 (i+2) or 0.40+0.02 (i+2) and continue test; Test period is 12 hours, by that analogy, is till the bearing element surface produces the limit load of elastic deformation until coefficient of intensification; Then stop to increase progressively coefficient of intensification, and test till the bearing failure; If when coefficient of intensification is incremented to a certain numerical value, above-mentioned abnormal occurrence occurs, then load is returned to the coefficient of intensification of a last experimental stage, and test till the bearing failure.Test speed is by former regulation.For this Bearing Installation regulation as follows:
If W bearing and X bearing all have the bearing of inefficacy, then require W and X bearing (installation site is with former station in principle) to be installed, and get the close sample of Ki value and carry out same single test according to table 1 regulation; If only have W or X bearing, then with reference to the regulation (installation site is with former station in principle) of table 1, the sample that the Ki value is close carries out same single test.
E) last overlaps the disposal route of the bearing that do not lose efficacy:
Last the cover do not lose efficacy bearing can with the same single test of W replacement bearing.Station is installed with reference to table 1, the loading factor Ki when test load added to this bearing that do not lose efficacy gradually and shuts down at last by GB/T 24607-2009 standard-required in 2 hours tested 12 hours under this loading factor then; If test is but down unusual (like alarm free shutdowns, temperature rise aggravation, vibrating noise unusual etc.), then getting K (i+1)=0.40+0.04 (i+1) continues test, as if after the loading above-mentioned unusual generation being arranged; Then get K (i+1)=0.40+0.02 (i+1), test period is 12 hours, if still no abnormal; Then get K (i+2)=0.40+0.04 (i+2) or 0.40+0.02 (i+2) and continue test; Test period is 12 hours, by that analogy, is till the bearing element surface produces the limit load of elastic deformation until coefficient of intensification; Then stop to increase progressively coefficient of intensification, and test till the bearing failure; If when coefficient of intensification is incremented to a certain numerical value, above-mentioned abnormal occurrence occurs, then load is returned to the coefficient of intensification of a last experimental stage, and test till the bearing failure.
F) equivalent test is through the calculating of time:
With the test period Ti of the different coefficient of intensification Ki of each experimental stage lower bearing through the time, time T mi is passed through in the test that converting becomes under the equivalent dynamic loading, and then equivalent test through time T m is:
Tm=(N is the experimental stage number)
In the formula, Cr: bearing dynamic load rating (unit: kN).
N: bearing test rotating speed (unit: r/min).
Pi: i experimental stage equivalent dynamic loading (unit: kN).
Pm: equivalent equivalent dynamic loading (unit: kN).
Ti: the i experimental stage is through time (unit: h).
4) test is judged: equivalent test is higher than another producer's bearing through time T m fatigue lifetime than long bearing.
Except that the foregoing description, the present invention can also have other embodiments.All employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop on the protection domain of requirement of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. taper roll bearing stepping strenuous test method is characterized in that: comprise following steps:
1) sample is prepared: each 10 cover of the bearing of two tame producers, represent with W, X code name, and each 8 cover of test specimen wherein, each 2 cover of subsequent use sample, subsequent use sample is used to replace invalid test specimen or is used to accompany examination, with the sample of the being invited to be present at a banquet given in honour of a distinguished guest examination examination that do not judge;
2) test bearing is installed: every group of comparison test divides 8 unit, and each unit comparison test is carried out on same testing machine, if invalid test appears in certain or a plurality of unit, then test unit is postponed;
3) test procedure:
A) the test loading parameters is set: the first module loading parameters of every group of comparison test is as definite foundation of seven single test loading parameters of postorder;
B) first module test: with W01 and X01 sample by pack into testing machine and starting shooting of GB/T 24607-2009 standard-required, and till requested test to the bearing failure, coefficient of intensification Ki when obtaining stopping to test;
C) postorder single test: with the first module loading parameters serves as to make an experiment according to seven unit samples to postorder;
D) the do not lose efficacy test again of sample: after normally accomplishing eight single tests, to the bearing luggage machine test again of not losing efficacy;
E) last overlaps the test of the bearing that do not lose efficacy: last overlaps do not lose efficacy bearing and the same single test of W replacement bearing;
F) equivalent test is through the calculating of time: with the test period Ti of the different coefficient of intensification Ki of each experimental stage lower bearing through the time, converting becomes test under the equivalent dynamic loading through time T mi, and then equivalent test through time T m is:
In the formula, Cr: the bearing dynamic load rating (unit: kN),
N: the bearing test rotating speed (unit: r/min),
P
i: i experimental stage equivalent dynamic loading (unit: kN),
P
m: equivalent equivalent dynamic loading (unit: kN),
T
i: the i experimental stage is through time (unit: h);
4) test is judged: equivalent test is higher than another producer's bearing through the long bearing fatigue life of time T m.
2. taper roll bearing stepping strenuous test method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: with the testing machine control system bearing outer ring temperature, vibration values are monitored in real time in the step 3).
3. taper roll bearing stepping strenuous test method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: process of the test b in the said step 3)) is: at first in 3 hours, being loaded into coefficient of intensification gradually by GB/T 24607-2009 standard-required is 0.3, and in 9 hours, being loaded into coefficient of intensification again is 0.4; After break-in in 12 hours, if test is but down unusual, i.e. alarm free shutdown, temperature rise aggravation, vibrating noise are unusual; Then get K1=0.40+0.04i, i=1, continue test, if after loading above-mentioned unusual generation is arranged; Then get K1=0.40+0.02i, i=1, test period is 12 hours, if still no abnormal; Then get K2=0.40+0.04i, i=2 or 0.40+0.02i, i=2 and continue test, test period is 12 hours, by that analogy; Until coefficient of intensification is till bearing element surface produces the limit load of elastic deformation, then to stop to increase progressively coefficient of intensification, and tests till the bearing failure; If when coefficient of intensification is incremented to a certain numerical value, above-mentioned abnormal occurrence occurs, then load is returned to the coefficient of intensification of a last experimental stage, and test till the bearing failure.
4. taper roll bearing stepping strenuous test method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: process of the test d in the said step 3)) is: if W bearing and X bearing all have the bearing of inefficacy; Then require W and X bearing to install according to the rules; And get the close sample of Ki value and carry out same single test, if only have W or X bearing, the sample that the Ki value is close carries out same single test; The less load of Ki value when in 2 hours, load being added to two cover bearing Central Plains gradually and stop to test by GB/T 24607-2009 standard, test 12 hours under this loading factor then is if test is but unusually following; Unusual like alarm free shutdown, temperature rise aggravation, vibrating noise, then get K (i+1)=0.40+0.04 (i+1) and continue test, if after loading above-mentioned unusual generation is arranged; Then get K (i+1)=0.40+0.02 (i+1), test period is 12 hours, if still no abnormal; Then get K (i+2)=0.40+0.04 (i+2) or 0.40+0.02 (i+2) and continue test; Test period is 12 hours, by that analogy, is till the bearing element surface produces the limit load of elastic deformation until coefficient of intensification; Then stop to increase progressively coefficient of intensification, and test till the bearing failure; If when coefficient of intensification is incremented to a certain numerical value, above-mentioned abnormal occurrence occurs, then load is returned to the coefficient of intensification of a last experimental stage, and test till the bearing failure.
5. taper roll bearing stepping strenuous test method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: process of the test e in the said step 3)) is: the loading factor Ki when last cover do not lose efficacy bearing and the same single test of W replacement bearing, test load added to this bearing that do not lose efficacy gradually and shut down at last by the GB/T24607-2009 standard-required in 2 hours; Test 12 hours under this loading factor then, if test is but down unusual, i.e. alarm free shutdown, temperature rise aggravation, vibrating noise are unusual; Then get K (i+1)=0.40+0.04 (i+1) and continue test,, then get K (i+1)=0.40+0.02 (i+1) if after loading above-mentioned unusual generation is arranged; Test period is 12 hours; If still no abnormal, then to get K (i+2)=0.40+0.04 (i+2) or 0.40+0.02 (i+2) and continue test, test period is 12 hours; By that analogy; Until coefficient of intensification is till bearing element surface produces the limit load of elastic deformation, then to stop to increase progressively coefficient of intensification, and tests till the bearing failure; If when coefficient of intensification is incremented to a certain numerical value, above-mentioned abnormal occurrence occurs, then load is returned to the coefficient of intensification of a last experimental stage, and test till the bearing failure.
6. according to any described taper roll bearing stepping strenuous test method of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: arbitrary station bearing normal inefficacy occurs and promptly stops this single test, and this single test is referred to as normal efficiency test; Arbitrary station bearing heating occurs, kills improper failure phenomenon, then stops this single test, and to look this single test be invalid test, and readjusts test plan, till producing first group of normal efficiency test.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210200189.XA CN102735446B (en) | 2012-06-14 | 2012-06-14 | Stepping enhancement test method for tapered roller bearings |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210200189.XA CN102735446B (en) | 2012-06-14 | 2012-06-14 | Stepping enhancement test method for tapered roller bearings |
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| CN102735446B CN102735446B (en) | 2014-12-24 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112414710A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-26 | 中国航发哈尔滨轴承有限公司 | Bearing test result evaluation method |
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| EP1510805A1 (en) * | 2002-05-31 | 2005-03-02 | The Chugoku Electric Power Co., Inc. | Method and apparatus for diagnosing residual life of rolling element bearing |
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| MARCELA SELECKA等: "Durability and failure of powder forged rolling bearing rings", 《WEAR》 * |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112414710A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-26 | 中国航发哈尔滨轴承有限公司 | Bearing test result evaluation method |
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| CN102735446B (en) | 2014-12-24 |
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