CN102734783B - Method for calibrating monitoring data parameters of heat-absorbing surfaces at each level of supercritical boiler of power station - Google Patents
Method for calibrating monitoring data parameters of heat-absorbing surfaces at each level of supercritical boiler of power station Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for calibrating monitoring data parameters of heat-absorbing surfaces at each level of a supercritical boiler of a power station. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) monitoring and acquiring the monitoring data parameters such as a flue gas side temperature and a steam side temperature of the heat-absorbing surfaces at each level of the boiler by adopting a conventional detection system, and obtaining the heat absorption capacity of the heating-absorbing surface at each level by calculating; (2) performing analytical calculation on various numerical values obtained in the step (1) by selecting a corresponding mathematical model, and obtaining the calculated value of the heat absorption capacity, the calculated value of the flue side temperature and the calculated value of the steam side temperature of the heat-absorbing surfaces at each level of the boiler; and (3) comparing the calculated value of the heat absorption capacity, the calculated value of the flue side temperature and the calculated value of the steam side temperature of the heat-absorbing surfaces at each level of the boiler obtained in the step (2) with the corresponding numerical values of the heat absorption capacity, the monitored value of the flue side temperature and the monitored value of the steam side temperature of the heating-absorbing surfaces at each level obtained by monitoring online. By the method, effective guidance and assistance can be provided for monitoring the flue and steam system of the boiler of the power station.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to data verification and the correction of station boiler high-temperature surface wall temperature temperature monitoring parameter, specifically refer to the method for calibration of a kind of power station super critical boiler heating surface monitored data at different levels parameter, this method of calibration can help operations staff to judge validity and the accuracy of monitoring parameter, and particularly to power station super (super-) critical boiler smoke side wall temperature of heated surface, monitoring provides effective guidance and help.
Background technology
Along with the continuous rising of fuel price, improve the operational efficiency of station boiler, become the inevitable choice that improves economy and reduce pollutant emission.The how security of precise evaluation station boiler performance and equipment working state, evaluate and optimize station boiler parameter, operation provides detailed information to station boiler to use computation model by station boiler SIS system monitoring parameter, and then utility monitoring technology improves equipment performance and security, reduce fuel cost and operation and maintenance cost, improve boiler plant availability and reduce discharge, becoming a kind of inexorable trend.Aggregation of data of the present invention and calibration technology can provide operations staff's authentic communication, help operations staff to take reliable and effectively action.Rely on reliable and Accurate Analysis result, in conjunction with measurement data, current super critical boiler heating surface service behaviour is carried out to accurate evaluation, not only can improve device security, and can provide accurate information for operation and operation, thereby improve the economy of boiler operatiopn.Use the present invention is based on boiler heating surface condition monitoring system boiler heating surface wall temperature duty is provided and judges automatically data and heating surface Performance Evaluation, this system is not the Changing Pattern based on single heating surface variable but based on heating surface a series of relevant parameters in service and variable, find out the basic reason that causes that performance reduces, thereby improve security of system and economy.
Have at present various detection and diagnosis methods can optimize power station state parameter, these functions can mechanism, process and the contact relevant with system of deep enough understanding equipment.The present invention draws the comparison of checking performance data by boiler heating surface process data and measurement data by Mathematical Modeling, application off-line analysis and on-line performance are monitored for the model that need to be concerned about boiler heating surface thermodynamic cycle, off-line carries out Analysis of Thermodynamic Performance, this off-line performance evaluation relies on boiler heating surface wall temperature monitoring system and SIS system that detailed boiler heating surface work steady-state process is provided, in actual motion, because boiler heating surface monitoring system functional reliability reduces, the data that affect sometimes boiler operatiopn monitoring system show, provide error message to operations staff, therefore must help operations staff to monitor heating surface duty, make boiler heating surface duty can off-target operating mode too not far away, and then affect boiler economy.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the method for calibration of a kind of power station super critical boiler heating surface monitored data at different levels parameter, by existing monitoring parameter and analytical model, improve Power Station Boiler Heating Surface functional reliability and device security, reach and improve station boiler security and economy object.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention realizes by following technical solution:
A method of calibration for power station super critical boiler heating surface monitored data at different levels parameter, the method comprises the steps:
Step (1): adopt existing conventional detection system that the monitored data parameter of boiler heating surfaces at different levels is carried out on-line monitoring and gathered, the detection data parameters gathering comprises fume side temperature monitoring value and the steam side temperature monitoring value of heating surfaces at different levels, and by calculating boiler heating surface caloric receptivities at different levels;
Step (2): the various numerical value that step (1) is obtained select corresponding Mathematical Modeling to carry out analytical calculation, draw boiler heating surface caloric receptivity at different levels calculated value, fume side temperature computation value and steam side temperature computation value, wherein, selected Mathematical Modeling comprises following equation:
Q
d＝D(i″-i')/B
j-Q
f (1)
Above-mentioned four formula are the fundamental equation that calculates heating surface heat exchange and wall temperature, and these set up equation based on the conservation of energy, can calculate heating surface and absorb heat, wherein, B
jfor computing fuel level (kg/s), D is working medium flow (kg/s), i ' is the enthalpy (kJ/kg) of heating surface import department working medium, i " be the enthalpy (kJ/kg) of heating surface exit working medium, K is heat transfer coefficient (kW/ (m
2. ° C)), H is heating surface area m
2, Δ t is the temperature and pressure between flue gas and working medium, I ' is the enthalpy (kJ/kg) of heating surface import department flue gas, I " be the enthalpy (kJ/kg) of heating surface exit flue gas, Δ α I
1 0bring heat (kJ/kg) into for leaking out, λ tube wall heat conduction coefficient w/ (m. ° of C), d is tube outer diameter m, d
nfor ips m, α
2exothermic coefficient between inside pipe wall and working medium, w/ (m
2. ° C), t
gzfor tube wall temperature (° C), t
wbfor tube outer wall temperature (° C), q is pipe wall heat flow density w/m
2, Q
dfor working medium caloric receptivity (kJ/kg),
for heating surface errors, Q
ffor the radiant heat (kJ/kg) of heating surface absorption;
Step (3): the boiler heating surface caloric receptivity at different levels calculated value that step (2) is calculated, the boiler heating surface caloric receptivities at different levels that fume side temperature computation value and steam side temperature computation value and step (1) on-line monitoring obtain, the corresponding numerical value of fume side temperature monitoring value and steam side temperature monitoring value compares, determine the data parameters that calculates and monitor difference between the data parameters drawing whether in allowed band, thereby reliability and the accuracy of the online monitoring data parameter of verification boiler heating surfaces at different levels, thereby provide effective guidance and help to flue gas in power station boiler and vapour system monitoring.
On SIS monitoring system basis, existing power station, the computational methods of utilizing the present invention to propose, just can reach the object of analyzing Power Station Boiler Heating Surface running status and economy, and utilize existing SIS system monitoring parameter, need not increase more monitoring means, realize and improve station boiler economy object.
In the present invention, described heating surfaces at different levels refer to the heating surface of the pendant superheater, high temperature superheater, high temperature reheater, low-temperature reheater, low temperature superheater, economizer and the each equipment of air preheater that are placed in boiler furnace.
In the present invention, in described step (3), determine difference between the data parameters that the data parameters that calculates and monitoring draw whether the criterion in allowed band be: in heating power computational process every one-level heating surface thermal balance amount be controlled at ± 5% in, after whole calculating total heating surface heat and input heat error be controlled at ± 1% taking the interior scope as permission.
Compared with prior art, method of calibration of the present invention is simple, boiler heating surface process data and measurement data are drawn to the comparison of checking performance data by Mathematical Modeling, application off-line analysis and on-line performance are monitored for the model that need to be concerned about boiler heating surface thermodynamic cycle, off-line carries out Analysis of Thermodynamic Performance, this off-line performance evaluation relies on boiler heating surface wall temperature monitoring system and SIS system that detailed boiler heating surface work steady-state process is provided, in actual motion, because boiler heating surface monitoring system functional reliability reduces, the data that affect sometimes boiler operatiopn monitoring system show, provide error message to operations staff, therefore must help operations staff to monitor heating surface duty, make boiler heating surface duty can off-target operating mode too not far away, and then affect boiler economy.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further details.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the method for calibration that proposes of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is super critical boiler heating surface entirety therrmodynamic system heat balance diagram;
Fig. 3 calculates position and method for carry out data check for certain boiler low-temperature superheater;
Fig. 4 provides for this heating surface and carries out heating power calculated data relatively and analyze.
Description of reference numerals
1, pendant superheater; 2, high temperature superheater; 3, high temperature reheater; 4, low-temperature reheater; 5, low temperature superheater; 6, economizer; 7, air preheater;
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention proposes the method for calibration of a kind of power station super critical boiler heating surface monitored data at different levels parameter, be illustrated in figure 1 the general principle frame diagram of this method of calibration work, by the on-line monitoring SIS system of prior art routine, operations staff can obtain boiler heating surface wall temperature system data, these data are by super critical boiler heating surface thermal calculation method (with reference to boiler thermodynamic calculation standard), according to the performance parameter of boiler heating surface flue gas and steam side acquisition, after these parameters are shown to relevant performance parameter compares with corresponding boiler heating surface performance thermal calculation method, can draw the evaluation of the accuracy of boiler heating surface performance monitoring, then pass through adjustment model, can determine and calculate different parts according to heating surface diverse location, by gathering result of calculation, can will calculate and the comparison of demonstration data, according to boiler heating surface ruuning situation, provide relatively conclusion of corresponding data reliability.
With reference to Fig. 1, design can be known, on-line monitoring system provides insufficient information at present, but the demonstration of some parameter and actual conditions have gap, the present invention, by selecting Thermodynamic calculating model for special parameter, verifies calculated data by selection, carries out performance calculation, obtain corresponding verification msg, show by monitoring system, compare the reliability of specified data to relevant data.
Be calculated as example with certain super critical boiler heating surface, according to station boiler thermal calculation method, in the time carrying out heating surface calculating, use formula as follows for heating surface working medium side:
Q
d＝D(i″-i′)/B
j-Q
f (1)
Above-mentioned four formula are the fundamental equation that calculates heating surface heat exchange and wall temperature, wherein, and B
jfor computing fuel level (kg/s), D is working medium flow (kg/s), i ' is the enthalpy (kJ/kg) of heating surface import department working medium, i " be the enthalpy (kJ/kg) of heating surface exit working medium, K is heat transfer coefficient (kW/ (m
2. ° C)), H is heating surface area m
2, Δ t is the temperature and pressure between flue gas and working medium, I ' is the enthalpy (kJ/kg) of heating surface import department flue gas, I " be the enthalpy (kJ/kg) of heating surface exit flue gas, Δ α I
1 0bring heat (kJ/kg) into for leaking out, λ tube wall heat conduction coefficient w/ (m. ° of C), d is tube outer diameter m, d
nfor ips m, α
2exothermic coefficient between inside pipe wall and working medium, w/ (m
2. ° C), t
gzfor tube wall temperature (° C), t
wbfor tube outer wall temperature (° C), q is pipe wall heat flow density w/m
2, Q
dfor working medium caloric receptivity (kJ/kg),
for heating surface errors, Q
ffor the radiant heat (kJ/kg) of heating surface absorption;
Fig. 2 is super critical boiler heating surface entirety therrmodynamic system heat balance diagram; This figure has reacted the inner input and output thermal balance of station boiler situation, can set up boiler heating power system balancing equation according to the known data of SIS system.As shown in Figure 2, according to different input and output conditions, the reliability of the parameter of can bonded boiler online SIS monitoring system monitoring and the result of calculation analysis each heating surface fume side of boiler internal and steam side data, draw super critical boiler heating surface caloric receptivities at different levels, fume side temperature and steam side temperature value, these values compare with the parameter that monitoring draws, determine the reliability of boiler heating surface on-line monitoring parameter.These set up equation based on the conservation of energy, can calculate heating surface and absorb heat.
For the basic layout of certain 1000MW ultra-supercritical boiler heating surface as shown in Figure 3, this boiler heating surface is made up of pendant superheater 1, high temperature superheater 2, high temperature reheater 3, low-temperature reheater 4, low temperature superheater 5, economizer 6 and air preheater 7, heating power criterion calculation is the heating surface by pendant superheater 1 according to flue gas flow direction generally, flow through successively the heating surface of high temperature superheater 2, high temperature reheater 3, low-temperature reheater 4, low temperature superheater 5, economizer 6 and air preheater 7, last flue gas is discharged boiler.The present invention measures flue-gas temperature according to known back-end surfaces SIS to be begun to calculate by the heating surface of air preheater 7 on the contrary, is oppositely calculated to the heating surface of pendant superheater 1 by the heating surface of economizer 6 successively to stem from afterbody.
For afterbody low-temperature reheater 4 and low temperature superheater 5, can obtain by SIS system the fume side temperature of relevant position, corresponding steam side monitoring parameter can draw steam side Temperature of Working and pressure, rely on these data, " station boiler heating power calculates standard " of publishing according to China Machine Press, conventionally for certain one-level heating surface, be generally according to flow of flue gas direction, by calculating to back-end surfaces in stove.Known certain heating surface smoke inlet temperature, working medium entrance or outlet temperature, solve heating surface exhanst gas outlet temperature according to formula (1)-(3), the like solve to back-end surfaces.
Although this method is according to above formula (1)-(3), but the direction contrary according to flow of flue gas, from back-end surfaces, oppositely according to flue gas flow according to SIS system, known back-end surfaces outlet temperature, certain back-end surfaces entrance flue gas temperature of determining.Therefore, known heating surface exit gas temperature in calculating, solve smoke inlet temperature according to formula (1)-(3) by circulation, then step by step according to flue gas flow rightabout, solve step by step economizer 6, low temperature heating surface, low-temperature reheater 4 entrance flue gas temperatures, and then solve high temperature reheater 3, high temperature superheater 2 entrance flue gas temperatures, according to these temperature, according to definite heat flux distribution density, rely on formula (4), solve the temperature of super critical boiler heating surface, and then the accuracy of evaluation boiler heating surface wall temperature and steam side temperature monitoring, in these computational processes, can draw the vapor (steam) temperature of heating surface working medium side everywhere, these temperature and the comparison of actual monitoring parameter, can draw the reliability of actual monitoring supplemental characteristic, within be conventionally controlled at ± 2% scope of heat deviation that this computational process calculates according to " station boiler heating power calculates standard ", control flue-gas temperature precision, in computational process of the present invention, the heat balance precision calculating in each heating surface in heating surface computational process is controlled at ± 5% within, and total heating surfaces at different levels absorb heats and input heat balance error is controlled at ± 1% in, the fume side temperature that heating surfaces at different levels like this calculate, whether the major parameter that steam side temperature and absorption heat can be used for checking and check SIS systematic survey to draw remains on reasonable error working range.
According to Fig. 4 computational methods, the working medium side temperature of each section of super critical boiler heating surfaces at different levels can be adjusted, compare analysis with actual monitoring data, carry out heating power calculated data relatively and analyze for this heating surface, obtain the reliability of these heating surface place monitored data.
Claims (3)
1. a method of calibration for power station super critical boiler heating surface monitored data at different levels parameter, the method comprises the steps:
Step (1): adopt existing conventional detection system that the monitored data parameter of boiler heating surfaces at different levels is carried out on-line monitoring and gathered, the detection data parameters gathering comprises fume side temperature monitoring value and the steam side temperature monitoring value of heating surfaces at different levels, and by calculating boiler heating surface caloric receptivities at different levels;
Step (2): the various numerical value that step (1) is obtained select corresponding Mathematical Modeling to carry out analytical calculation, draw boiler heating surface caloric receptivity at different levels calculated value, fume side temperature computation value and steam side temperature computation value, wherein, selected Mathematical Modeling comprises following equation:
Q
d＝D(i″-i')/B
j-Q
f (1)
Above-mentioned four formula are the fundamental equation that calculates heating surface heat exchange and wall temperature, wherein, and B
jfor computing fuel level (kg/s), D is working medium flow (kg/s), i ' is the enthalpy (kJ/kg) of heating surface import department working medium, i " be the enthalpy (kJ/kg) of heating surface exit working medium, K is heat transfer coefficient (kW/ (m
2. ° C)), H is heating surface area m
2, Δ t is the temperature and pressure between flue gas and working medium, I ' is the enthalpy (kJ/kg) of heating surface import department flue gas, I " be the enthalpy (kJ/kg) of heating surface exit flue gas, Δ α I
1 0bring heat (kJ/kg) into for leaking out, λ tube wall heat conduction coefficient w/ (m. ° of C), d is tube outer diameter m, d
nfor ips m, α
2exothermic coefficient between inside pipe wall and working medium, w/ (m
2. ° C), t
gzfor tube wall temperature (° C), t
wbfor tube outer wall temperature (° C), q is pipe wall heat flow density w/m
2, Q
dfor working medium caloric receptivity (kJ/kg),
for heating surface errors, Q
ffor the radiant heat (kJ/kg) of heating surface absorption;
Step (3): the corresponding numerical value of boiler heating surface caloric receptivities at different levels, fume side temperature monitoring value and steam side temperature monitoring value that boiler heating surface caloric receptivity at different levels calculated value, fume side temperature computation value and the steam side temperature computation value that step (2) is calculated obtains with step (1) on-line monitoring compares, determine the data parameters that calculates and monitor difference between the data parameters drawing whether in allowed band, thus reliability and the accuracy of the online monitoring data parameter of verification boiler heating surfaces at different levels.
2. the method for calibration of power station according to claim 1 super critical boiler heating surface monitored data at different levels parameter, is characterized in that: described heating surfaces at different levels refer to the heating surface of the pendant superheater, high temperature superheater, high temperature reheater, low-temperature reheater, low temperature superheater, economizer and the each equipment of air preheater that are placed in boiler furnace.
3. the method for calibration of power station according to claim 1 super critical boiler heating surface monitored data at different levels parameter, it is characterized in that: in described step (3), determine difference between the data parameters that the data parameters that calculates and monitoring draw whether the criterion in allowed band be: in heating power computational process every one-level heating surface thermal balance amount be controlled at ± 5% in, after whole calculating total heating surface heat and input heat error be controlled at ± 1% taking the interior scope as permission.
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