CN102727552B - 红花在制备抗朊病毒药物中的应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及红花在制备抗朊病毒药物中的应用。本发明的优点:植物体生物利用率高,采用水提法进行提取,红花的活性成分溶出率高,提取物具有显著的抗朊病毒的作用;原料来源广泛,安全性高。本发明开辟了一条利用天然植物的提取物治疗朊病毒或病毒性疾病的新途径。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物医药,具体涉及红花及其提取物在制备抗朊病毒药物中的应用。
背景技术
朊病毒是一类能在动物和人中引起可传染性脑病(包括疯牛病、羊搔痒症、库鲁病、克雅氏病等)的病原体,其高度传染性和致死性对整个社会造成了极大的危害。
朊病毒(PrP)在体内以两种不同的构象存在。正常构象的朊病毒(PrPC)含有43%的α螺旋和3%的β折叠,在体内以单体的形式出现,并行使正常的细胞功能,不具有致病性。而朊病毒一旦在某种条件下错误折叠后形成致病性构象(PrPSc),其二级结构发生巨大变化,α螺旋降到了30%,而β折叠的含量增至45%,大量的非常稳定的β 片状折叠状构造能以自身为模板,诱导正常朊病毒的构象发生致病性转化,进一步在具有致病性构象的朊病毒分子间通过“交联β 折叠片(cross-β sheet)”聚集,形成淀粉状纤维(amyloid fiber)的有毒片断,进而以块状高聚体形式(plaque)出现,最终诱导机体内的免疫系统杀死脑神经细胞而导致一系列致死性疾病。
酵母朊病毒[PSI+ ]和[psi− ]的细胞中Sup35p以不同的结构状态存在,这与哺乳动物朊病毒的典型特性相一致。在[PSI+ ] 的细胞中,大多数的Sup35p呈聚集的纤维状,对翻译终止是无效的。而且,聚集的Sup35p会进一步诱导新生成的Sup35p也发生同样的构象改变,从而保证[PSI+ ]的稳定遗传。同PrP一样,当正常的Sup35p与另一个朊病毒型的Sup35p相接触时,它将由可溶型转变成聚集型。在[PSI+ ]的细胞中, 大多数的Sup35p采取了朊病毒构象并参与到聚集物的形成中去而不能在翻译终止过程中正确的与终止复合物结合而行使功能,于是导致了核糖体通读终止密码子的趋势增加,从而生产出具有多余片段的蛋白质,使[PSI+ ]在蛋白质合成的精确度上产生了可遗传的改变。因此[PSI+ ]能够合成ade1(或ade2)蛋白质,并正常合成出腺嘌呤,从而能够在SD-Ade培养基上生长。而在[psi-]细胞中,Sup35p处于正常状态,能够使核糖体由信使RNA翻译成蛋白质的过程通常结束于终止密码子,即发生了无义突变,所以[psi -]细胞不具有ade1酶,而不能合成自身的腺嘌呤,因而不能在SD-Ade培养基上生存。如果菌株生长在1/2YPD培养基,被阻断的生物合成途径就导致了一个中间产物AIR的积累,这个中间产物可以经过转变而产生红色素,因为具有毒性而被细胞排出体外。这为监控Sup35p的状态提供了很方便的通过颜色辨别[PSI+ ]的方法——[PSI+ ]菌株是白色的,或者是有些偏粉红色,而[psi -]菌株是红色的。
基于Wickner等发现酵母细胞携带[PSI+ ]、[URE3]等与动物朊病毒聚集、传播机制相似的朊病毒,这些朊病毒具有各自的表型特征,Lindguist等进一步验证了酵母朊病毒对于动物细胞及个体的安全性,并发现酵母细胞具有与哺乳类细胞相似的朊病毒形成的胞内环境。2003年Blondel等利用野生型酵母朊病毒[PSI+ ]、[URE3]细胞为模型,在2500多种化学药物中筛出了6种抗酵母朊病毒聚集的化合物,并证明这些化合物在动物细胞中对于动物朊病毒同样有抗聚集作用。2007年 Tessier P.和 Lindquist S.博士进一步利用基因重组的酵母朊病毒[PSI+]核心片断建立了一个细胞外的抗朊病毒药物筛选模型。2008年Blondel M.博士利用前期建立的酵母细胞筛选方法又筛选出了两种有效的抗酵母朊病毒的化合物,并证实其中一种对抗哺乳动物朊病毒同样有效。这些研究强烈地暗示着建立在酵母细胞上的抗朊病毒药物筛选模型完全可以取代动物细胞模型,而且在操作的安全性上有强大的保障。以该模型为核心建立的抗朊病毒药物筛选平台,相对于传统的建立在哺乳动物细胞上药物筛选平台,在筛选药物效率上具有高效性;对操作者及周围环境具有极高的安全性;对于药物的广谱筛选具有灵敏性;对于反效药物具有可识别性;对于药物筛选中的假阳性、假阴性具有较高的辨别能力;而且更有利于大规模生产推广,具有经济性。因此,利用酵母抗朊病毒筛选平台是得到有效治疗朊病毒药物的新方法。
基于朊病毒具有高度传染性和致死性,筛选和研发具有预防和治疗朊病毒引发疾病的药物,具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种红花及其提取物的应用,其具有显著的抗朊病毒的效果。
本发明采用的技术方案是:红花或其提取物在制备抗朊病毒药物中的应用。
红花提取物的制备:红花经过粉碎后,加入蒸馏水,于95℃回流提取3小时,抽滤并回收滤液;滤液减压浓缩,干燥,得红花提取物。
红花,又称草红花。双子叶植物,菊科,含红花甙(carthamin)、新红花甙、红花醌甙、红花多糖、棕榈酸、肉桂酸、月桂酸等。
本发明具有如下优点:
1.
植物体生物利用率高,效果显著,本发明采用水提法进行提取,红花的活性成分溶出率高。通过应用现代药理试验方法对红花提取物的活性进行检测,该提取物具有显著的抗朊病毒作用,可以作为制备抗朊病毒的药物。
2.
原料来源广泛,安全性高。红花主产于河南、湖北、四川、云南、浙江等地,因此资源丰富。
3.
发展前景广阔,开辟了一条利用天然植物的提取物治疗朊病毒或病毒性疾病的新途径。并且可以通过进一步分离纯化提取物中的活性成分,为设计开发出更高效的治疗朊病毒或病毒性疾病的药物奠定基础。
附图说明
图1是红花提取物作用第3天后观察ERG6Δ[PSI+ ]酵母细胞菌落颜色变化照片。
图2是红花提取物作用第5天后观察ERG6Δ[PSI+ ]酵母细胞菌落颜色变化照片。
具体实施方式
下面用非限定性实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例
1
(一)红花提取物的制备:
红花经过粉碎后,准确称量红花粉末10 g置于圆底烧瓶中,加入100 mL蒸馏水,在95℃回流提取3 小时,抽滤并回收滤液;滤液减压蒸发浓缩,浓缩液置于洁净小瓶中,于60℃过夜干燥,得红花提取物。
将红花提取物30℃放置至恒重并称量。用尽可能少量的蒸馏水溶解红花提取物,得药液。计算药液的浓度为含红花提取物1.04 g/ml,供以下实验。
(二)实验
1、ERG6Δ[PSI+ ]酵母细胞的活化:在无菌操作条件下,挑取3个以上的ERG6Δ[PSI+ ]酵母细胞放入装有1/2YPD液体培养基的三角瓶中,30℃振荡过夜培养。
2、ERG6Δ[PSI+ ]酵母细胞初始OD值的调试:取上述培养的ERG6Δ[PSI+ ]酵母细胞悬液放入比色杯中,使用紫外分光光度计,用1/2YPD液体培养基调零,UV设置在600nm,测量酵母细胞悬液的OD值,加入酵母细胞悬液或1/2YPD液体培养基来调节OD值至0.5。
3、实验:取3支无菌冻存管,分别加入上述调试好的ERG6Δ[PSI+ ]酵母细胞悬液各100μl,上述制备的含有红花提取物1.04 g/ml的药液50μl(终浓度为0.052g/ml)、100μl(终浓度为0.104g/ml)、150μl (终浓度为0.156g/ml),及1/2YPD培养液850μl、800μl、750μl。阴性对照为(100ul细胞悬液+900ul 1/2YPD);阳性对照为(100ul细胞悬液+895ul 1/2YPD+5ul
1mol/LGuHcl );在24℃的条件下,振荡培养5天。每天定时稀释ERG6Δ[PSI+ ]酵母细胞培养液,即取前一天冻存管中的ERG6Δ[PSI+ ]酵母细胞100μl放入新的装有和上述同样含量的1/2YPD培养液和药液的无菌冻存管中。
4、检测:取第三天和第五天培养的冻存管中的ERG6Δ[PSI+ ]酵母细胞悬液适量,稀释104倍后,取100μl稀释液在1/2YPD固体培养基的培养皿上涂布;将涂好ERG6Δ[PSI+ ]酵母细胞悬液的培养皿置于24℃恒温培养箱中培养5天,观察ERG6Δ[PSI+ ]酵母细胞菌落的颜色变化。结果见图1和图2。
5、检验假阳性:随机选取红花提取物治愈酵母朊病毒效果最佳平板上出现的红色颜色的菌落,划线于1/2YPD固体平板上,然后影印到SD-Ade平板上,于24℃培养3天。
6、结果:盐酸胍为已知的具有抗朊病毒作用的药物,从图1和图2可见,其菌落颜色为红色。菌落为红色表示该药物具有抗朊病毒的作用,菌落仍为粉色表示该药物对于朊病毒无作用。从图1和图2可见,含有红花提取物的药液在培养3天之后,菌落大部分为白色,有少部分菌落为粉色;在培养5天之后,菌落大部分为红色,极少部分为白色和粉色;随机选取的红色菌落在SD-Ade固体培养基上并没有生长。说明红花提取物在培养5天之后对朊病毒具有疗效。对朊病毒ERG6Δ[PSI+ ]的治愈率公式:愈率 = 变红的菌落数/总的菌落数 × 100%。结果见表1。
由表1可见,红花提取物对朊病毒的治愈率,在第5天可达到75 %,说明红花提取物对朊病毒具有显著的疗效。
Claims (1)
1.红花提取物作为唯一的原料药在制备抗朊病毒药物中的应用,其中,所述的红花提取物的制备方法如下:红花粉碎后,加入蒸馏水,于95℃回流提取3小时,抽滤,回收滤液,滤液减压浓缩,干燥。
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| WO2010110755A1 (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2010-09-30 | Moleac Pte. Ltd. | Therapy for promoting cell growth |
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| WO2002092110A1 (fr) * | 2001-02-21 | 2002-11-21 | Jiancao Chen | Nouvelle utilisation de polyphenol de plantes naturelles et de medicaments et/ou de produits medicaux contenant du polyphenol de plantes naturelles |
| WO2010110755A1 (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2010-09-30 | Moleac Pte. Ltd. | Therapy for promoting cell growth |
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| A medicinal herb Scutellaria lateriflora inhibits PrP replication in vitro and delays the onset of prion disease in mice;Martin Eiden et al;《Frontiers in Psychiatry 》;20120217;第3卷(第9期);1-8 * |
| Martin Eiden et al.A medicinal herb Scutellaria lateriflora inhibits PrP replication in vitro and delays the onset of prion disease in mice.《Frontiers in Psychiatry 》.2012,第3卷(第9期),1-8. |
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