CN102723764B - High-energy pulse quick charging system based on embedded microcomputer control - Google Patents
High-energy pulse quick charging system based on embedded microcomputer control Download PDFInfo
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- CN102723764B CN102723764B CN201210211056.2A CN201210211056A CN102723764B CN 102723764 B CN102723764 B CN 102723764B CN 201210211056 A CN201210211056 A CN 201210211056A CN 102723764 B CN102723764 B CN 102723764B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-energy pulse quick charging system based on embedded microcomputer control and aims to solve the problems of long consumed time and low efficiency of the conventional charging method, battery over-heat caused by a quick charging mode, pollution of pulse current on a power grid and the like. In order to overcome the defects, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the high-energy pulse quick charging system comprises a system master control unit, wherein an alternating current / direct current (AC/DC) conversion unit, a high-energy pulse source, a charging control unit and a current sampling unit are sequentially connected in series between an alternating current input power supply ACin and a battery; a signal conditioning interface unit and a current control driving unit are sequentially connected between the current sampling unit and the charging control unit; a battery state detection unit is connected between the battery and the high-energy pulse source; a discharging control unit is connected between the master control unit and the battery; and a battery temperature detection unit is connected between the current control driving unit and the battery.
Description
One, technical field:
The present invention relates to batteries to store energy technology and microcomputer control technology, be specifically related to a kind of high energy pulse quick charging system of controlling based on embedded microcomputer.
Two, background technology:
The electric motor car that the power accumulator of take is the energy is developed, and is considered to the green engineering of 21 century, concerns world's environmental protection and energy resource structure and makes the transition, and causes the significant concern of countries in the world.At present,, there are two large restriction bottlenecks: battery performance and supporting infrastructure construction in China's electric automobile commercialization and the operation of setting out on a journey.Battery performance depends on new principle, new material application and manufacturing process innovation; And infrastructure, if the core technology of charging pile, charging station is boost battery charge technology, this is to solve the set out on a journey key of energy supplement of electric motor car.Other application, as: electric bicycle, Electric Traction, mobile device, illumination, mobile phone, palmtop PC and war products etc., same innovation and application of filling soon technology in the urgent need to storage battery.
The accumulator charging technology of applying at present, can roughly be divided into two large classes: 1) normal charge technology: this charging method, and length consuming time, efficiency is low, makes troubles to people's trip; 2) quick charge technology: for the normal charge long charging method proposing consuming time, technical scheme comprises: constant voltage charge, constant current charge, constant voltage/constant current mixed charged, monolithic processor controlled pulse current charge, pulse such as discharge and recharge at the various ways.Technique scheme, has certain effect to improving charging rate, but also has following problems: 1) constant voltage charging method: charging electric current in early stage is excessive, battery-heating; Later stage, electric current reduced gradually along with cell voltage rising, filled soon poor effect; 2) constant current charge mode: easily cause the overheated even damage of charging later stage battery; 3) constant voltage/constant current hybrid mode, control procedure is complicated, affects the safe handling of battery.Particularly lead-acid battery, will produce gassing phenomenon in the charging later stage, cause charge efficiency low, even damage battery, and the battery polarization phenomenon of unidirectional charging generation, affect the normal use of battery; 4) pulse current charge mode: be now widely used fast charge mode, existing problems: 1. will make interpulse period the charging interval extend, and run counter to the original intention of filling soon design; 2. there is equally battery polarization phenomenon in unidirectional pulse charging; 3. large pulse current will pollute power-supply system.5) pulse charge and discharge mode: can reduce battery polarization phenomenon compared with pulse current charge mode, but exist equally power pollution and pulse interval to offset the problem of the time of filling soon; 6) the existing product that fills soon does not all solve the problem in high energy pulse source, and this will cause power-supply system to be polluted, and effect is filled in restriction soon.
Three, summary of the invention:
The present invention is in order to solve the weak point in above-mentioned background technology, a kind of high energy pulse quick charging system of controlling based on embedded microcomputer is provided, solves above-mentioned normal charge method length consuming time, efficiency is low and fast charge mode easily produces battery-heating, the problems such as pollution of pulse current to electrical network.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of high energy pulse quick charging system of controlling based on embedded microcomputer, comprise system master unit, it is characterized in that: between alternating current input power supplying ACin and battery, be serially connected with successively AC/DC converter unit, high energy pulse source, charging control unit and current sampling unit, at current sampling unit and charging control unit, be connected with signal condition interface unit and Flow Control driver element in turn, at battery and high energy pulse source, be connected with battery status detecting unit, between main control unit and battery, be connected with control of discharge unit, between described Flow Control driver element and battery, be connected with battery temperature detecting unit.
Described main control unit comprises: man-machine interface, control stream, data flow, hardware interface and embedded microprocessor, described embedded microprocessor, comprise 8, 16, 32 various MCU, as MCS51 series, AVR series, PIC series, MSP430 series, ARM series, CORTEX series, DSP is as TIC2000 series, FPGA is as XILINK series, SOC is as the master control device of M6117D/A1, described hardware interface comprises: GPIO, UART, SSP, SPI, I2C, I2S etc., described main control unit back-up system is controlled issue and the transmission of stream and data flow, as high energy, conversion is controlled, discharge and recharge control, high-energy source voltage, cell voltage, battery temperature, voltage gradient, the data acquisition of temperature gradient, process etc., support the omnidistance real-time dynamic monitoring of charging, Parameters Calculation, human-computer dialogue and charging process are controlled.
Described Parameters Calculation, by current sampling unit, signal condition unit, control stream, data flow and MCU Main Processing Unit, utilizes software algorithm to realize charging interval, progress, energy consumption and efficiency calculation.
Described man-machine interface, comprise: digital display, liquid are aobvious, voice message and LED indication, digital display device is as LED charactron, VFD display, liquid crystal display part is as aobvious in section, dot matrix, monochromatic LCM and very color LCM, and voice message is if dedicated voice module I SD1700, I2S digital voice interface chip are as UDA1341TS etc.
Described high energy pulse source comprises voltage-controlled interface driver unit, high energy converter, voltage detection unit, equalizing circuit and the super capacitor connecting successively.
Super capacitor and equalizing circuit thereof that described series and parallel connects, comprising: the 1) equalizing circuit based on variable connector Synchronization Control; 2) equalizing circuit based on the coaxial many winding outputs of inverse-excitation type; 3) the multichannel equalizing circuit of measuring, controlling based on microcomputer.
Described high energy converter, its circuit formation comprises: any circuit form of analog circuit, mould/number hybrid circuit or digital circuit, input and feedback signal comprise: the arbitrary signal form of analog signal, mould/quantification signal, pwm signal or MCU control signal.
Described battery temperature monitoring means comprises temperature-sensing element (device), signal condition and interface circuit, senser comprises that thermocouple is if WRCK-421, platinum resistance are if PT100, infrared sensor are as BB44-IRTP-300M, and integrated temperature sensor is as the temperature sensor of any types such as AD590,18B20.
Described battery status detecting unit comprises signal conditioning circuit, interface circuit, and detection information comprises: cell voltage and battery failures detect, as fault messages such as battery open circuit, short circuit, high resistants.
Described control of discharge unit comprises discharge switch and drive circuit, described discharge switch, comprise: switching tube is if 3DD15D, Darlington transistor are if MPSA63, IGBT are if PM300HHA120, power MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) device are as any switching device of IRFP9140, SR2302, and discharge switch drives signal Dctl logical AND charging control signal Cctl relevant.
Compared with prior art, technological highlights of the present invention and effect are as follows:
(1) pioneering negative resistance charactertistic high energy pulse charging technique.
Effect: a) fill soon; B) strengthen load capacity; C) reduce power pollution.
Fig. 6, Fig. 7 are under same test condition, the load characteristic simulation comparison figure of common power and negative resistance high-energy source:
1. common power simulated properties, is shown in Fig. 6.
● source current: 1.89A.
● load current: 1.87A.
● load terminal voltage: 3.74V.
2. negative resistance high-energy source simulated properties, is shown in Fig. 7.
● source current: from 1.03-1.33A positive change.
● load current: from 4.57-4.50A inverse change.
● load terminal voltage: from 9.14-9.01V.
3. comparative analysis (take common power parameter as reference)
● source current: reduce to 1.03-1.33A from 1.89A, mean that power pollution reduces 45.5%-29.6%.
● load current: be increased to 4.57-4.50A from 1.87A, mean that load capacity improves 144%-141%.
● load terminal voltage becomes 9.14-9.01V from 3.74V, presents obvious negative resistance charactertistic.
(2) adopt 32 embedded microprocessors, realize from power on, battery status detects,
The omnidistance computer procedures such as clock control, charging current detection, voltage gradient detection, cell-temperature monitoring, Parameters Calculation, charging end are controlled.
Effect: charging process is safe, efficient, intelligent.
Four, accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is complete machine control structure figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is complete machine johning knot composition of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is circuitry structure chart of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is high energy pulse source structure figure of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is negative resistance output characteristic comparison diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is common power simulated properties figure of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is negative resistance high-energy source simulated properties figure of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is major loop workflow diagram of the present invention.
Label declaration: 1-high energy pulse source, 2-charging control unit, 3-current sampling unit, 4-battery, 5-flow control unit, 6-signal condition interface unit, 7-battery temperature detecting unit, 8-battery status detecting unit, 9-control of discharge unit, 10-main control unit, 11-control and flow, 12-data flow, 13-man-machine interface, 14-voltage-controlled interface driver unit, 15-high energy converter, 16-voltage detection unit, 17-equalizing circuit, 18-super capacitor, 19-hardware interface, 20-AC/DC converter.
Five, embodiment:
1, complete machine structure
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, complete machine formation comprises: main channel, FEEDBACK CONTROL passage and microcomputer control channel, and channel signal flow process and link effect are as follows:
(1) main channel
Alternating current source input, through AC/DC converter, becomes direct current input source DCin, by high energy pulse converter 1, be transformed to the negative resistance charactertistic high energy pulse source of high load capability, the output in this high energy pulse source is through charging control unit 2, and current sample link 3, to battery 4 chargings.
(2) FEEDBACK CONTROL passage
1) high energy pulse source voltage detecting feedback loop, comprising: voltage detection unit 10, and voltage-controlled driver element 5, effect: local closed loop, realizes the voltage detecting in high energy pulse source and control automatically.
2) charging current observing and controlling feedback loop, comprising: signal condition interface 6, Flow Control driver element 5.Effect: local closed loop, for the automatic Detection & Controling of main channel charging current.
3) battery temperature detects feedback loop, comprising: battery temperature monitoring link 7, Flow Control driver element 5.Effect: local closed loop, for battery temperature Real-Time Monitoring, automatically control charging current, guarantee safe charging.
4) battery status detects feedback loop, comprises battery status detection 9.Effect: system closed loop, realize the negative resistance charactertistic in high energy pulse source and control, strengthen load capacity, referring to Fig. 4.
(3) computer control passage
The control stream and the receiving data stream that comprise microcomputer issue, the part signal occurring in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is explained as follows:
1) Mctl: system master signal processed.
2) Cctl: charging control signal.
3) Dctl: the discharge control signal relevant to charging signals.
4) Nctl: negative resistance charactertistic control signal.
5) Cdat: Parameters Calculation collection signal.
2, complete machine operation principle
Complete machine structure of the present invention is referring to Fig. 1, and it is many that operation principle is controlled based on microcomputer
Closed-loop system.
Control signal Dctl and battery status from main control unit detect feedback signal summation, produce the input control signal in high energy pulse source.This high energy pulse source conversion direct current input DCin is high energy pulse source, it is characterized in that dynamically adjusting output voltage according to load variations, that is: when load is large, output voltage is high, otherwise contrary, thereby there is extremely strong load capacity and transient power characteristic, referring to the negative resistance charactertistic contrast of Fig. 5 and the negative resistance high-energy source simulated properties comparison diagram of Fig. 6, Fig. 7; The output in high energy pulse source is charged to battery 4 by charging control unit 2, current sample link 3; Charging is controlled by the Cctl control signal from main control unit 10, current detecting feedback signal, battery temperature monitor signal co-controlling, realizes the dynamic monitoring of charging process and control in real time; Pctl is the battery state detection signal that main control unit 10 sends, and Dctl is the discharge control signal relevant to charging normal logic, also by main control unit 10, is sent.A plurality of little closed loop that whole system is controlled by microcomputer and large closed-loop system form, realized highly intelligentized fast, safety, efficient charge function.Principle is applicable to plumbic acid, nickel and lithium cell charging technology, can expanded application in the quick charge of the various battery supply sets such as mobile phone, mobile device, illumination, mine, electric bicycle, electric automobile.
3, major loop workflow
Major loop workflow diagram of the present invention, is to realize negative resistance charactertistic and intelligent kernel software module of filling soon, and referring to Fig. 8, flow process is summarized as follows:
(1) at major loop initial point 1., carrying out successively high energy pulse source voltage detecting, battery temperature detection, temperature gradient calculating and voltage gradient calculates.
(2) to 2. point, sentence battery temperature < setting, and temperature gradient is at 0 o'clock, skips to 3. execution.Therefore beginning system enters and just fills the stage, and charging current is maximum, requires high-energy source to have the strongest load capacity, therefore control the PWM of high-energy source and charging current, all has maximum duty cycle, has realized the negative resistance charactertistic control procedure of system.
(3) when temperature gradient is non-zero, skip to 4. point, sentence voltage gradient=0 o'clock, skip to 5. point, while sentencing charging interval < setting-up time t1, skip to and 3. carry out large current charge, otherwise skip to 7. point, carry out the automatic adjustment charging of high-energy source and charging current.
(4) sentence voltage gradient 4. when non-zero, skip to 6. point, sentence charging interval > setting, and cell voltage > is when completely supplement with money, charging finishes to show, enters trickle charge state, otherwise enters 7. execution.
(5), while sentencing battery temperature > setting 2., skip to 8. point; Sentence charging interval > setting, and cell voltage >=while completely supplementing with money, charging finishes to show, enters trickle charge state; Otherwise skip to 9. point, carry out the self-regulating process of high energy pulse source and charging current.
After each branch is complete, be back to the execution that 1. circulates of major loop initial point.
Claims (1)
1. a high energy pulse quick charging system of controlling based on embedded microcomputer, comprise system master unit (10), it is characterized in that: between alternating current input power supplying ACin and battery (4), be serially connected with successively AC/DC converter unit (20), high energy pulse source (1), charging control unit (2) and current sampling unit (3), at current sampling unit (3) and charging control unit (2), be connected with signal condition interface unit (6) and Flow Control driver element (5) in turn, at battery (4) and high energy pulse source (1), be connected with battery status detecting unit (8), between main control unit (10) and battery (4), be connected with control of discharge unit (9), between described Flow Control driver element (5) and battery (4), be connected with battery temperature detecting unit (7),
Described main control unit (10) comprising: man-machine interface (13), control stream (11), data flow (12), hardware interface (19) and embedded microprocessor, described embedded microprocessor, comprise 8, 16, 32 various MCU, for MCS51 series, AVR series, PIC series, MSP430 series, ARM series, CORTEX series, DSP is TIC2000 series, FPGA is XILINK series, SOC is the master control device of M6117D/A1, described hardware interface comprises: GPIO, UART, SSP, SPI, I2C, I2S, described main control unit (10) back-up system is controlled issue and the transmission of stream (11) and data flow (12), for high energy conversion is controlled, discharge and recharge control, high-energy source voltage, cell voltage, battery temperature, voltage gradient, the data acquisition of temperature gradient, process, support the omnidistance real-time dynamic monitoring of charging, Parameters Calculation, human-computer dialogue and charging process are controlled,
Described Parameters Calculation, by current sampling unit (3), signal condition unit (6), control stream (11), data flow (12) and MCU Main Processing Unit (10), utilizes software algorithm to realize charging interval, progress, energy consumption and efficiency calculation;
Described man-machine interface (13), comprise: digital display, liquid are aobvious, voice message and LED indication, digital display device is LED charactron, VFD display, the liquid crystal display part section of being is aobvious, dot matrix, monochromatic LCM and very color LCM, and voice message is that dedicated voice module I SD1700, I2S digital voice interface chip are UDA1341TS;
Described high energy pulse source (1) comprises voltage-controlled interface driver unit (14), high energy converter (15), voltage detection unit (16), equalizing circuit (17) and the super capacitor (18) connecting successively;
Super capacitor and equalizing circuit thereof that series and parallel connects, comprising: the 1) equalizing circuit based on variable connector Synchronization Control; 2) equalizing circuit based on the coaxial many winding outputs of inverse-excitation type; 3) the multichannel equalizing circuit of measuring, controlling based on microcomputer;
Described high energy converter (15), its circuit formation comprises: any circuit form of analog circuit, mould/number hybrid circuit or digital circuit, and input and feedback signal comprise: the arbitrary signal form of analog signal, mould/quantification signal, pwm signal or MCU control signal;
Described battery temperature detecting unit (7) comprises temperature-sensing element (device), signal condition and interface circuit, senser comprises that thermocouple is that WRCK-421, platinum resistance are that PT100, infrared sensor are BB44-IRTP-300M, and integrated temperature sensor is the temperature sensor of AD590,18B20 any type;
Described battery status detecting unit (8) comprises signal conditioning circuit, interface circuit, and detection information comprises: cell voltage and battery failures detect, and are battery open circuit, short circuit, high resistive fault information;
Described control of discharge unit (9) comprises discharge switch and drive circuit, described discharge switch, comprise: switching tube is that 3DD15D, Darlington transistor are that MPSA63, IGBT are that PM300HHA120, power MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) device are any switching device of IRFP9140, SR2302, discharge switch drives signal Dctl logical AND charging control signal Cctl relevant.
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| CN103545890B (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2017-01-04 | 荆丙礼 | Super capacitor high energy pulse source based on embedded microcontroller |
| CN106655407B (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2020-08-07 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | Battery charging method and device, electronic equipment, adapter and charger |
| CN110727633A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-01-24 | 广东高云半导体科技股份有限公司 | Edge artificial intelligence computing system framework based on SoC FPGA |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN2427918Y (en) * | 2000-01-26 | 2001-04-25 | 北京理工大学 | Novel, quick action and pulsation charging device |
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| CN2427918Y (en) * | 2000-01-26 | 2001-04-25 | 北京理工大学 | Novel, quick action and pulsation charging device |
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| Title |
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| 《蓄电池快速充电与状态监测平台的设计与实现》;赵焱;《万方数据》;20100201;第21-23,33-38,55页 * |
| 赵焱.《蓄电池快速充电与状态监测平台的设计与实现》.《万方数据》.2010,第21-23,33-38,55页. * |
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Effective date of registration: 20191021 Address after: Room 1801, block B, oak constellation, No. 3, Keji 5th Road, Zhangba Street office, hi tech Zone, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province Patentee after: Xi'an xinhengke measurement and Control Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 710086 Shaanxi city of Xi'an Province Fung Hing Road No. 226 Patentee before: Jing Bingli |
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