CN102723764A - High-energy pulse quick charging system based on embedded microcomputer control - Google Patents
High-energy pulse quick charging system based on embedded microcomputer control Download PDFInfo
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- CN102723764A CN102723764A CN2012102110562A CN201210211056A CN102723764A CN 102723764 A CN102723764 A CN 102723764A CN 2012102110562 A CN2012102110562 A CN 2012102110562A CN 201210211056 A CN201210211056 A CN 201210211056A CN 102723764 A CN102723764 A CN 102723764A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-energy pulse quick charging system based on embedded microcomputer control and aims to solve the problems of long consumed time and low efficiency of the conventional charging method, battery over-heat caused by a quick charging mode, pollution of pulse current on a power grid and the like. In order to overcome the defects, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the high-energy pulse quick charging system comprises a system master control unit, wherein an alternating current / direct current (AC/DC) conversion unit, a high-energy pulse source, a charging control unit and a current sampling unit are sequentially connected in series between an alternating current input power supply ACin and a battery; a signal conditioning interface unit and a current control driving unit are sequentially connected between the current sampling unit and the charging control unit; a battery state detection unit is connected between the battery and the high-energy pulse source; a discharging control unit is connected between the master control unit and the battery; and a battery temperature detection unit is connected between the current control driving unit and the battery.
Description
One, technical field:
The present invention relates to batteries to store energy technology and Controlled by Microcomputer technology, be specifically related to a kind of high energy pulse quick charging system based on embedded Controlled by Microcomputer.
Two, background technology:
With the power accumulator is the electric motor car exploitation of the energy, is considered to the green engineering of 21 century, concerns world's environmental protection and energy resource structure and makes the transition, and causes the significant concern of countries in the world.At present, there are two big restriction bottlenecks in China's electric automobile commercialization and the operation of setting out on a journey: battery performance and supporting infrastructure construction.Battery performance depends on that new principle, new material are used and the manufacturing process innovation; And infrastructure is the boost battery charge technology like the core technology of charging pile, charging station, and this is to solve the set out on a journey key of energy supplement of electric motor car.Other application, as: electric bicycle, Electric Traction, mobile device, illumination, mobile phone, palmtop PC and war products etc. press for storage battery equally and fill technological innovation and application soon.
The accumulator charging technology of using at present can roughly be divided into two big types: 1) normal charge technology: this charging method, and length consuming time, efficient is low, makes troubles for people's trip; 2) quick charge technology: to the normal charge long charging method that proposes consuming time, technical scheme comprises: constant voltage charge, constant current charge, constant voltage/constant current mixed charged, monolithic processor controlled pulse current charge, pulse such as discharge and recharge at multiple mode.Technique scheme, have certain effect to improving charging rate, but also have following problems: 1) constant voltage charging method: charging electric current in early stage is excessive, the battery heating; Later stage, electric current reduced gradually along with the cell voltage rising, filled poor effect soon; 2) constant current charge mode: be prone to cause the overheated even damage of charging later stage battery; 3) constant voltage/constant current hybrid mode, control procedure is complicated, influences the safe handling of battery.Particularly lead-acid battery will produce the gassing phenomenon in the charging later stage, cause charge efficiency low, even damage battery, and the battery polarization phenomenon of unidirectional charging generation, influence the normal use of battery; 4) pulse current charge mode: be present widely used fast charge mode, existing problems: the charging interval will be prolonged, run counter to the original intention of filling design soon; 2. there is the battery polarization phenomenon equally in the unidirectional pulse charging; 3. big pulse current will pollute power-supply system.5) pulse charge and discharge mode: can reduce the battery polarization phenomenon than the pulse current charge mode, but exist power pollution and pulse interval to offset the problem of the time of filling soon equally; 6) have the problem that product does not all solve the high energy pulse source of filling soon now, this will cause power-supply system to be polluted, and effect is filled in restriction soon.
Three, summary of the invention:
The present invention is in order to solve the weak point in the above-mentioned background technology; A kind of high energy pulse quick charging system based on embedded Controlled by Microcomputer is provided, solves above-mentioned normal charge method length consuming time, efficient is low and fast charge mode be prone to produce battery heating, the pulse current problems such as pollution to electrical network.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose; The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: a kind of high energy pulse quick charging system based on embedded Controlled by Microcomputer; Comprise the system master unit; It is characterized in that: between alternating current input power supplying ACin and battery, be serially connected with AC/DC converter unit, high energy pulse source, charging control unit and current sampling unit successively; Be connected with signal condition interface unit and Flow Control driver element in turn at current sampling unit and charging control unit; Be connected with the battery status detecting unit at battery and high energy pulse source, between main control unit and battery, be connected with the discharge control unit, be connected with the battery temperature detecting unit between described Flow Control driver element and the battery.
Said main control unit comprises: man-machine interface, control flows, data flow, hardware interface and embedded microprocessor; Said embedded microprocessor; Comprise 8,16,32 various MCU; As MCS51 is serial, AVR is serial, PIC is serial, MSP430 is serial, ARM is serial, CORTEX is serial, DSP such as TIC2000 series, FPGA such as XILINK series; The master control device of SOC such as M6117D/A1; Said hardware interface comprises: GPIO, UART, SSP, SPI, I2C, I2S etc., and control is controlled, discharged and recharged to the issue and the transmission of said main control unit back-up system control flows and data flow like the high energy conversion; The omnidistance real-time dynamic monitoring of charging, Parameters Calculation, human-computer dialogue and charging process control are supported in the data acquisition of high-energy source voltage, cell voltage, battery temperature, voltage gradient, temperature gradient, processing etc.
Described Parameters Calculation through current sampling unit, signal condition unit, control flows, data flow and MCU Main Processing Unit, utilizes software algorithm to realize charging interval, progress, energy consumption and efficiency calculation.
Said man-machine interface; Comprise: digital display, liquid show, voice suggestion and LED indication; Digital display device such as LED charactron, VFD display; Liquid crystal display spare as section show, dot matrix, monochromatic LCM and very color LCM, voice suggestion such as dedicated voice module I SD1700, I2S digital voice interface chip such as UDA1341TS etc.
Said high energy pulse source comprises voltage-controlled interface driver element, high energy converter, voltage detection unit, equalizing circuit and the super capacitor that connects successively.
Super capacitor and equalizing circuit thereof that said series and parallel connects comprise: 1) based on the equalizing circuit of variable connector Synchronization Control; 2) equalizing circuit of exporting based on the coaxial many windings of inverse-excitation type; 3) the multichannel equalizing circuit of measuring, controlling based on microcomputer.
Described high energy converter; Its circuit formation comprises: any circuit form of analog circuit, mould/number hybrid circuit or digital circuit, input and feedback signal comprise: the arbitrary signal form of analog signal, mould/quantification signal, pwm signal or MCU control signal.
Said battery temperature monitoring means comprises temperature-sensing element (device), signal condition and interface circuit; Senser comprises thermocouple such as WRCK-421, RTD such as PT100, infrared sensor such as BB44-IRTP-300M, the temperature sensor of any types such as integrated temperature sensor such as AD590,18B20.
Described battery status detecting unit comprises signal conditioning circuit, interface circuit, and detection information comprises: cell voltage and battery failures detect, like fault messages such as battery open circuit, short circuit, high resistants.
Described discharge control unit comprises discharge switch and drive circuit; Said discharge switch; Comprise: any switching device of switching tube such as 3DD15D, Darlington transistor such as MPSA63, IGBT such as PM300HHA120, power MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) device such as IRFP9140, SR2302, discharge switch drive signal Dctl logical AND charging control signal Cctl is relevant.
Compared with prior art, technological highlights of the present invention and effect are following:
(1) initiative negative resistance charactertistic high energy pulse charging technique.
Effect: a) fill soon; B) strengthen load capacity; C) reduce power pollution.
Fig. 6, Fig. 7 are under the same test condition, the load characteristic emulation comparison diagram of common power and negative resistance high-energy source:
1. the common power simulated properties is seen Fig. 6.
● source current: 1.89A.
● load current: 1.87A.
● load terminal voltage: 3.74V.
2. negative resistance high-energy source simulated properties is seen Fig. 7.
● source current: from the 1.03-1.33A positive change.
● load current: from the 4.57-4.50A inverse change.
● load terminal voltage: from 9.14-9.01V.
3. comparative analysis (is reference with the common power parameter)
● source current: reduce to 1.03-1.33A from 1.89A, mean that then power pollution reduces 45.5%-29.6%.
● load current: increase to 4.57-4.50A from 1.87A, mean that load capacity improves 144%-141%.
● load terminal voltage becomes 9.14-9.01V from 3.74V, presents tangible negative resistance charactertistic.
(2) adopt 32 embedded microprocessors, realize from power on, battery status detects,
Omnidistance computer procedures control such as clock control, charging current detection, voltage gradient detection, cell-temperature monitoring, Parameters Calculation, charging end.
Effect: charging process safety, efficient, intelligent.
Four, description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is complete machine control structure figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a complete machine johning knot composition of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a circuitry structure chart of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is high energy pulse source structure figure of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a negative resistance output characteristic comparison diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is common power simulated properties figure of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is negative resistance high-energy source simulated properties figure of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is a major loop workflow diagram of the present invention.
Label declaration: 1-high energy pulse source, 2-charging control unit, 3-current sampling unit, 4-battery; 5-flow control unit, 6-signal condition interface unit, 7-battery temperature detecting unit, 8-battery status detecting unit; 9-discharge control unit, 10-main control unit, 11-control flows, 12-data flow; 13-man-machine interface, 14-voltage-controlled interface driver element, 15-high energy converter, 16-voltage detection unit; 17-equalizing circuit, 18-super capacitor, 19-hardware interface, 20-AC/DC converter.
Five, embodiment:
1, complete machine structure
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, the complete machine formation comprises: main channel, FEEDBACK CONTROL passage and Controlled by Microcomputer passage, and channel signal flow process and link effect are following:
(1) main channel
The alternating current source input becomes direct current input source DCin, through high energy pulse converter 1 through the AC/DC converter; Be transformed to the negative resistance charactertistic high energy pulse source of high load capability; The output in this high energy pulse source is through charging control unit 2, and current sample link 3 is to battery 4 chargings.
(2) FEEDBACK CONTROL passage
1) high energy pulse source voltage detecting feedback loop comprises: voltage detection unit 10, and voltage-controlled driver element 5, effect: local closed loop, realize the voltage detecting in high energy pulse source and control automatically.
2) charging current observing and controlling feedback loop comprises: signal condition interface 6, Flow Control driver element 5.Effect: local closed loop is used for the automatic Detection & Controling of main channel charging current.
3) battery temperature detects feedback loop, comprising: battery temperature monitoring link 7, Flow Control driver element 5.Effect: local closed loop, be used for battery temperature and monitor in real time, control charging current automatically, guarantee safe charging.
4) battery status detects feedback loop, comprises that battery status detects link 9.Effect: system's closed loop, realize the negative resistance charactertistic control in high energy pulse source, strengthen load capacity, referring to Fig. 4.
(3) computer control passage
Comprise the control flows and the receiving data stream of microcomputer issue, the part signal that occurs among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is explained as follows:
1) Mctl: system master system signal.
2) Cctl: charging control signal.
3) Dctl: the discharge control signal relevant with charging signals.
4) Nctl: negative resistance charactertistic control signal.
5) Cdat: Parameters Calculation acquired signal.
2, complete machine operation principle
Complete machine structure of the present invention is referring to Fig. 1, and operation principle is many based on Controlled by Microcomputer
Closed-loop system.
Control signal Dctl and battery status from main control unit detect the feedback signal summation, produce the input control signal in high energy pulse source.This high energy pulse source conversion direct current input DCin is the high energy pulse source; It is characterized in that and dynamically to adjust output voltage according to load variations; That is: output voltage was high when load was big; Otherwise opposite, thereby have extremely strong load capacity and transient power characteristic, referring to the negative resistance high-energy source simulated properties comparison diagram of the negative resistance charactertistic contrast of Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, Fig. 7; The output in high energy pulse source is charged to battery 4 through charging control unit 2, current sample link 3; Charging control is controlled by Cctl control signal, current detecting feedback signal, battery temperature monitor signal from master control unit 10 jointly, realizes the dynamic monitoring of charging process and control in real time; Pctl is the battery state detection signal that main control unit 10 sends, and Dctl is the discharge control signal relevant with charging normal logic, is also sent by main control unit 10.Whole system is made up of a plurality of little closed loop of Controlled by Microcomputer and big closed-loop system, realized highly intelligentized fast, safety, efficient charge function.Principle is applicable to plumbic acid, nickel and lithium cell charging technology, but expanded application is in the quick charge of various battery supply sets such as mobile phone, mobile device, illumination, mine, electric bicycle, electric automobile.
3, major loop workflow
Major loop workflow diagram of the present invention is the kernel software module that realizes that negative resistance charactertistic and intelligence are filled soon, and referring to Fig. 8, flow process is summarized as follows:
(1) 1., carrying out high energy pulse source voltage detecting, battery temperature detection, temperature gradient calculating and voltage gradient successively calculates at the major loop initial point.
(2) to 2. point, declare battery temperature＜setting, and temperature gradient is at 0 o'clock, skips to 3. execution.Therefore beginning system's entering is just filled the stage, and charging current is maximum, requires high-energy source to have the strongest load capacity, so the PWM of control high-energy source and charging current all has maximum duty cycle, has realized the negative resistance charactertistic control procedure of system.
(3) non-0 the time when temperature gradient, skip to 4. point, declare voltage gradient=0 o'clock, skip to 5. point, declare the charging interval＜during setting-up time t1, skip to and 3. carry out large current charge, otherwise skip to 7. point, carry out the automatic adjustment of high-energy source and charging current and charge.
(4) declare 4. non-0 o'clock of voltage gradient, skip to 6. point, declare charging interval＞setting, and cell voltage＞when completely supplementing with money, charging finishes to show, gets into the trickle charge state, otherwise get into 7. execution.
When (5) declaring 2. battery temperature＞setting, skip to 8. point; Declare charging interval＞setting, and cell voltage >=when completely supplementing with money, charging finishes to show, gets into the trickle charge state; Otherwise skip to 9. point, carry out the self-regulating process of high energy pulse source and charging current.
After each branch is complete, be back to the execution that 1. circulates of major loop initial point.
Claims (10)
1. high energy pulse quick charging system based on embedded Controlled by Microcomputer; Comprise system master unit (10); It is characterized in that: between alternating current input power supplying ACin and battery (4), be serially connected with AC/DC converter unit (20), high energy pulse source (1), charging control unit (2) and current sampling unit (3) successively; Be connected with signal condition interface unit (6) and Flow Control driver element (5) in turn at current sampling unit (3) and charging control unit (2); Be connected with battery status detecting unit (8) at battery (4) and high energy pulse source (1); Between main control unit (10) and battery (4), be connected with discharge control unit (9), be connected with battery temperature detecting unit (7) between described Flow Control driver element (5) and the battery (4).
2. a kind of high energy pulse quick charging system according to claim 1 based on embedded Controlled by Microcomputer, it is characterized in that: said main control unit (10) comprising: man-machine interface (13), control flows (11), data flow (12), hardware interface (19) and embedded microprocessor; Said embedded microprocessor; Comprise 8,16,32 various MCU; As MCS51 is serial, AVR is serial, PIC is serial, MSP430 is serial, ARM is serial, CORTEX is serial, DSP such as TIC2000 series, FPGA such as XILINK series; The master control device of SOC such as M6117D/A1; Said hardware interface comprises: GPIO, UART, SSP, SPI, I2C, I2S etc., and control is controlled, discharged and recharged to the issue and the transmission of said main control unit (10) back-up system control flows (11) and data flow (12) like the high energy conversion; The omnidistance real-time dynamic monitoring of charging, Parameters Calculation, human-computer dialogue and charging process control are supported in the data acquisition of high-energy source voltage, cell voltage, battery temperature, voltage gradient, temperature gradient, processing etc.
3. a kind of high energy pulse quick charging system according to claim 1 and 2 based on embedded Controlled by Microcomputer; It is characterized in that: described Parameters Calculation; Through current sampling unit (3), signal condition unit (6), control flows (11), data flow (12) and MCU Main Processing Unit (10), utilize software algorithm to realize charging interval, progress, energy consumption and efficiency calculation.
4. a kind of high energy pulse quick charging system according to claim 1 and 2 based on embedded Controlled by Microcomputer; It is characterized in that: said man-machine interface (13); Comprise: digital display, liquid show, voice suggestion and LED indication; Digital display device such as LED charactron, VFD display, liquid crystal display spare as section show, dot matrix, monochromatic LCM and very color LCM, voice suggestion such as dedicated voice module I SD1700, I2S digital voice interface chip such as UDA1341TS etc.
5. a kind of high energy pulse quick charging system based on embedded Controlled by Microcomputer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said high energy pulse source (1) comprises voltage-controlled interface driver element (14), high energy converter (15), voltage detection unit (16), equalizing circuit (17) and the super capacitor (18) that connects successively.
6. according to claim 1 or 5 described high energy pulse sources, it is characterized in that: super capacitor and equalizing circuit thereof that said series and parallel connects comprise: 1) based on the equalizing circuit of variable connector Synchronization Control; 2) equalizing circuit of exporting based on the coaxial many windings of inverse-excitation type; 3) the multichannel equalizing circuit of measuring, controlling based on microcomputer.
7. according to claim 1 or 5 described a kind of high energy pulse quick charging systems based on embedded Controlled by Microcomputer; It is characterized in that: described high energy converter (15); Its circuit formation comprises: any circuit form of analog circuit, mould/number hybrid circuit or digital circuit, input and feedback signal comprise: the arbitrary signal form of analog signal, mould/quantification signal, pwm signal or MCU control signal.
8. a kind of high energy pulse quick charging system according to claim 1 based on embedded Controlled by Microcomputer; It is characterized in that: said battery temperature monitoring means (7) comprises temperature-sensing element (device), signal condition and interface circuit; Senser comprises thermocouple such as WRCK-421, RTD such as PT100, infrared sensor such as BB44-IRTP-300M, the temperature sensor of any types such as integrated temperature sensor such as AD590,18B20.
9. a kind of high energy pulse quick charging system according to claim 1 based on embedded Controlled by Microcomputer; It is characterized in that: described battery status detecting unit (8) comprises signal conditioning circuit, interface circuit; Detection information comprises: cell voltage and battery failures detect, like fault messages such as battery open circuit, short circuit, high resistants.
10. a kind of high energy pulse quick charging system according to claim 1 based on embedded Controlled by Microcomputer; It is characterized in that: described discharge control unit (9) comprises discharge switch and drive circuit; Said discharge switch; Comprise: any switching device of switching tube such as 3DD15D, Darlington transistor such as MPSA63, IGBT such as PM300HHA120, power MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) device such as IRFP9140, SR2302, discharge switch drive signal Dctl logical AND charging control signal Cctl is relevant.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103545890A (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2014-01-29 | 荆丙礼 | Super-capacitance high-energy pulse source based on embedded microcontroller |
| CN106655407A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-05-10 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | Battery charging method and device, electronic equipment, adapter and charger |
| US20210081770A1 (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2021-03-18 | GOWN Semiconductor Corporation | System architecture based on soc fpga for edge artificial intelligence computing |
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| CN2427918Y (en) * | 2000-01-26 | 2001-04-25 | 北京理工大学 | Novel, quick action and pulsation charging device |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103545890A (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2014-01-29 | 荆丙礼 | Super-capacitance high-energy pulse source based on embedded microcontroller |
| CN103545890B (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2017-01-04 | 荆丙礼 | Super capacitor high energy pulse source based on embedded microcontroller |
| CN106655407A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-05-10 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | Battery charging method and device, electronic equipment, adapter and charger |
| US20210081770A1 (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2021-03-18 | GOWN Semiconductor Corporation | System architecture based on soc fpga for edge artificial intelligence computing |
| US11544544B2 (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2023-01-03 | Gowin Semiconductor Corporation | System architecture based on SoC FPGA for edge artificial intelligence computing |
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Effective date of registration: 20191021 Address after: Room 1801, block B, oak constellation, No. 3, Keji 5th Road, Zhangba Street office, hi tech Zone, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province Patentee after: Xi'an xinhengke measurement and Control Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 710086 Shaanxi city of Xi'an Province Fung Hing Road No. 226 Patentee before: Jing Bingli |
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