CN102723693A - Load protection circuit and method for electric tool - Google Patents
Load protection circuit and method for electric tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN102723693A CN102723693A CN2012101734094A CN201210173409A CN102723693A CN 102723693 A CN102723693 A CN 102723693A CN 2012101734094 A CN2012101734094 A CN 2012101734094A CN 201210173409 A CN201210173409 A CN 201210173409A CN 102723693 A CN102723693 A CN 102723693A
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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Abstract
The invention discloses a load protection circuit and a load protection method for an electric tool. The load protection circuit comprises a power supply, a load, a load control device and a load voltage detection circuit, wherein the anode of the power supply is connected with the positive power input end of the load; the cathode of the power supply is connected with the negative power input end of the load through the load control device; the input end of the load voltage detection circuit is connected with the two ends of the load; and the output end of the load voltage detection circuit is connected with the control input end of the load control device. The load voltage detection circuit is used to detect voltages at the two ends of the load so as to keep the load control device to be off all the time, so that the electric tool with a speed adjusting function is subjected to safe and reliable short-circuit protection. The load protection circuit is simple in design and easy to realize, effectively improves the reliability of the electric tool and has a good prospect of application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the control circuit technical field, be specifically related to a kind of load protection circuit and method of electric tool.
Background technology
The current detecting means that often adopt traditional load protection circuit that is used for electric tool detect whether short circuit of load, and trigger protection when electric current reaches or surpass set point is closed load controller spare, this scheme following points defective:
1, can't be used to short-circuit detecting with the electric tool of speed-regulating function, such as motor, during the input pwm signal, when pwm signal was high level, trigger protection, but during the pwm signal low level again can de-preservation, and the load driving device can not be closed fully;
2, short-circuit protection function lost efficacy easily at low temperatures, caused reducing with the electric tool reliability of speed-regulating function, supposed that load is a motor; Because motor characteristics, electric current is very big when motor starting and stall, for fear of trigger short-circuit protection at stall, when starting; It is very big to tend to a short-circuit protection threshold values setting, if ambient temperature reduces like this, loop resistance increases; Short circuit current reduces, and then finally causes short-circuit protection function to lose efficacy;
3, when complete machine stall, startup, the easy misoperation of short-circuit protection causes performance, feel with the electric tool of speed-regulating function to descend opposite with second; In order to make short-circuit protection function reliable, the protective current threshold values is provided with less, if ambient temperature raises, loop resistance reduces; Then startup, locked rotor current become big, and finally cause stall, trigger short-circuit protection when starting, the complete machine decreased performance, versatility is poor; Flexibility is low, and many instruments can be joined several money motors, number money battery; If number money motor, the internal resistance of cell differ greatly, then cause this type of circuit parameter configuration difficulty, even can't be general, compatible.
The problems referred to above are common faults of current detection type short-circuit protection circuit; Mainly be owing to lithium battery internal resistance meeting along with variation of temperature changes; Make circuital current change and change along with operating ambient temperature; If system is in the normal operation circumstances temperature, locked rotor current under the hot environment and the short circuit current under the low temperature environment equate or surpass that then this problem can't solve through the regulating circuit parameter.
Summary of the invention
Judge the whether scheme of short circuit of load in order to solve the traditional current detecting of available technology adopting; What cause can't be used to the short-circuit detecting with the electric tool of speed-regulating function; Short-circuit protection function is unreliable under high and low temperature, can not compatible many moneys motor, the problem of power brick.The present invention adopts voltage detecting to judge whether short circuit of load, is joining at electric tool under the situation of many moneys motor, power brick, all can the reliably protecting instrument when the normal operation circumstances temperature inversion.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopted is:
A kind of load protection circuit of electric tool; Comprise power supply, load and and load controller spare; The positive pole of said power supply is connected with the forward power input of load; The negative pole of said power supply is connected with the laod reversal power input through load controller spare; It is characterized in that: also comprise the load voltage testing circuit, the input of said load voltage testing circuit is connected with the load two ends, and the output of said load voltage testing circuit is connected with the control input end of load controller spare.
The load protection circuit of aforesaid electric tool is characterized in that: said load controller spare is the semiconductor control device.
The load protection circuit of aforesaid electric tool is characterized in that: said load controller spare is a metal-oxide-semiconductor.
The load protection circuit of aforesaid electric tool is characterized in that, said load voltage testing circuit comprises:
Be used to connect the PWM ripple the PWM input interface,
First triode that emitter is connected with the forward power input of said load,
First diode that negative pole is connected with the reverse electrical source input of said load,
The 3rd triode that base stage is connected with the collector electrode of said first triode,
The high level that is connected with the collector electrode of said the 3rd triode,
The 5th triode that base stage is connected with the collector electrode of said the 3rd triode,
Anodal second diode that is connected with the reverse electrical source input of said load,
Second triode that collector electrode is connected with the base stage of said the 5th triode,
The 3rd diode that negative pole is connected with the collector electrode of said the 5th triode,
Said PWM input interface is connected with the control input end of load controller spare through the 11 resistance; The positive pole of said first diode is connected with the emitter of first triode; The negative pole of said second diode is connected with the control input end of load controller spare; The emitter of said second triode is connected with high level, and the positive pole of said the 3rd diode is connected with the control input end of load controller spare as the output of load voltage testing circuit.
The load protection circuit of aforesaid electric tool is characterized in that: be equipped with biasing resistor between the base stage of said each triode and the emitter, the base stage of said each triode is equipped with current-limiting resistance.
The load protection circuit of aforesaid electric tool; It is characterized in that: the base stage of said the 3rd triode also is connected with the negative pole of power supply through the 8th resistance; The base stage of said the 5th triode also is connected with the negative pole of power supply through the tenth resistance, and said high level also is connected with the negative pole of power supply through first electric capacity.
The load protective method of electric tool is characterized in that: on the load protection circuit of said electric tool, carry out the load protective method of electric tool, may further comprise the steps:
The magnitude of voltage that step (1), working load voltage detecting circuit detection load voltage or detection are associated with the load voltage;
Step (2), analyzing and testing load voltage value, when the conducting of load controller spare, if this voltage is reduced to some threshold values and then is judged as load short circuits, the load voltage testing circuit is closed load controller spare, protection entire circuit and power supply.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the load protection circuit of electric tool of the present invention adopts voltage detecting to judge whether short circuit of load; Can make the electric tool of band speed-regulating function realize safe and reliable short-circuit protection; Improve the reliability of electric tool, the fail safe that the while short-circuit protection function also can improve battery that electric tool uses;
2, the electric tool of the load protection circuit of electric tool of the present invention is compared than the traditional protection scheme; When variation of ambient temperature; Short-circuit protection function can not lose efficacy; Can misoperation yet, promptly can remain the switching off load control device after the load short circuits, the protection motor improves the reliability of electric tool;
3, use the electric tool of the load protection circuit of electric tool of the present invention can compatible multiple load; Motor such as more money power brick, more moneys; Join the power brick model at electric tool, when the motor model changes, short-circuit protection function can not lose efficacy, can misoperation yet; Be to remain the switching off load control device after the load short circuits, improve the reliability of electric tool.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the load protection circuit of electric tool of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the rough schematic view of the load protection circuit of electric tool of the present invention.
The Reference numeral implication is following:
The grid of mosg:MOS pipe; M1: motor; Q1: first triode; Q2: second triode; Q3: the 3rd triode; The Q4:MOS pipe; Q5: the 5th triode; U1: power supply; 5V: high level; R1-R11: each resistance; C1: first electric capacity; D1: first diode; D2: second diode; D3: the 3rd diode; M+: the forward power input of motor; M-: the negative sense power input of motor.
Embodiment
To combine Figure of description below, the present invention will be further described.
The load protection circuit of electric tool of the present invention adopts voltage detecting to judge whether short circuit of load, can make the electric tool of band speed-regulating function realize safe and reliable short-circuit protection, when variation of ambient temperature; Short-circuit protection function can not lose efficacy, can misoperation yet, can remain the switching off load control device; Can also compatible more money power brick, the motor of more moneys, join the power brick model at electric tool, when the motor model changes, can remain the switching off load control device; Simple, the realization easily of circuit design; And effectively raise the reliability of electric tool, and as shown in Figure 1, the load protection circuit of electric tool of the present invention; Comprise power supply U1, load (load is the motor M1 that is arranged in the electric tool like this), load controller spare; Load controller spare is generally semiconductor control device (selecting for use metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 to come control load is motor M1) and load voltage testing circuit here, and the input of load voltage testing circuit is connected with the load two ends, and the output of load voltage testing circuit is connected with the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor (being mosg); Wherein power supply U1 is the power brick in the electric tool; Motor M1 can realize the speed-regulating function of electric tool, and the positive pole of power supply U1 is connected with the forward power input M+ of motor M1, and the negative pole of power supply U1 is connected with the reverse electrical source input M-of motor M1 through metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4; The source electrode of Q4 is connected with the negative pole of U1, and the drain electrode of Q4 is connected with the reverse electrical source input M-of motor M1.
The load voltage testing circuit comprises PWM input interface, the first triode Q1, the first diode D1, the 3rd triode Q3, high level, the 5th triode Q5, the second diode D2, the second triode Q2, the 3rd diode D3 that is used to connect the PWM ripple; The PWM input interface is connected with the grid of Q4 through the 11 resistance R 11; The forward power input M+ of motor M1 also is connected with the emitter of the first triode Q1, and the reverse electrical source input M-of motor M1 also is connected with the negative pole of the first diode D1, and the positive pole of D1 is connected with the emitter of Q1; The collector electrode of Q1 is connected with the base stage of the 3rd triode Q3 through first resistance R 1; The collector electrode of Q3 is connected with high level (here for 5V voltage), the base stage of the 5th triode Q5, the positive pole of the second diode D2 respectively, and the 5V high level is connected with the negative pole of power supply U1 through first capacitor C 1, and first capacitor C 1 is used to discharge and recharge; The conducting that realizes Q5 perhaps ends; The negative pole of D2 also is connected with the grid of Q4, and the base stage of Q5 also is connected with the collector electrode of the second triode Q2 through the 4th resistance R 4, and the collector electrode of Q5 is connected with the base stage of Q2 through the 7th resistance R 7; The emitter of Q2 is connected with the 5V high level; The collector electrode of Q5 also is connected with the negative pole of the 3rd diode D3, and the positive pole of D3 is connected with the grid of Q4 as the output of load voltage testing circuit, and triode Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q5 here can select for use and be the positive-negative-positive triode; Also can select for use and be NPN type triode; Diode D1-D3 act as reverse-conducting, can be effectively in circuit, under the electric current moment excessive situation, prevents the puncture of each triode.
Be equipped with biasing resistor between the base stage of said a plurality of triodes and the emitter, base stage is equipped with current-limiting resistance, and wherein the biasing resistor of Q1 is second resistance R 2, and current-limiting resistance is the 5th resistance R 5; The biasing resistor of Q2 is the 3rd resistance R 3, and current-limiting resistance is the 7th resistance R 7; The biasing resistor of Q3 is the 8th resistance R 8, and current-limiting resistance is first resistance R 1; The biasing resistor of Q5 is the tenth resistance R 10, and current-limiting resistance is the 9th resistance R 9, and biasing resistor is used for regulating base bias current, makes triode that a suitable working point arranged, and the current-limiting resistance purpose is in order to limit the electric current in loop, place, to guarantee that collector junction is anti-inclined to one side.
On the load protection circuit of electric tool of the present invention, carry out the load protective method of electric tool, may further comprise the steps:
The magnitude of voltage that the first step, working load voltage detecting circuit detection load voltage or detection are associated with the load voltage;
Second step, analyzing and testing load voltage value; When the conducting of load controller spare, if this voltage is reduced to a certain threshold values and then is judged as load short circuits, load detecting circuit will be closed load controller spare; Protection entire circuit and power supply; Promptly control metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 by, motor M1 closes, thus protection motor M1.
Wherein the first step is to detect the load voltage through the PWM input interface that is arranged in the load voltage testing circuit, and the process that specifically detects and analyze load voltage value is following:
From the PWM waveform of PWM input interface input is the drive signal of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4, when PWM is high level, the Q4 conducting, revolution, when PWM is low level, Q4 by, motor M1 closes.
Motor M1 operate as normal in electric tool, i.e. during load operate as normal:
The PWM waveform is a high level, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 conducting, and pressure reduction Um is very big between forward and reverse voltage input end M+ in CD-ROM drive motor M1 two ends and the M-, Q1, Q3 conducting like this, first capacitor C 1 can not be recharged, and Q5 keeps by state, the load operate as normal.
The PWM waveform is a low level, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 by, pressure reduction Um is 0 between forward and reverse voltage input end M+ in CD-ROM drive motor M1 two ends and the M-; Q1, Q3 by, but this moment metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 grid level be low, first capacitor C 1 still can not be recharged; Q5 still keeps by state, the load operate as normal.
Motor M1 operation irregularity in electric tool, promptly during load short circuits:
The PWM waveform is a high level, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 conducting is because load short circuits; Pressure reduction Um is very little between forward and reverse voltage input end M+ in CD-ROM drive motor M1 two ends and the M-; Deficiency is so that Q1, Q3 conducting, 1 charging of first capacitor C, and the voltage of first capacitor C 1 begins to raise up to the Q5 conducting; So drag down metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 driving voltage, load is protected.
The PWM waveform is a low level, and the grid power supply of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 is low, though the voltage of the C1 of first electric capacity is dragged down; But during owing to Q5 conducting before; Q2 is switched on, and the conducting of Q5 is afterwards kept by Q2 and the independent from voltage of first capacitor C 1; So because Q5 keeps conducting Q4 to remain cut-off state, load is protected.
Entire work process constitutes an interlock circuit by Q2 and Q5, has solved traditional scheme and can not be used to the problem with the electric tool of speed-regulating function.
Rough schematic view of the present invention as shown in Figure 2; Wherein resistance R 12 expression voltage detecting two terminal impedances of the present invention and two terminal impedances of traditional scheme current detecting; R13 representes other impedances of system; Comprise the internal resistance of power brick, motor internal resistance etc., its resistance changes and changes with variations in temperature, battery size variation, motor model.
R12=10m Ω (milliohm) during according to test empirical hypothesis short circuit; R12=100m Ω during stall.
Traditional scheme is a current detection scheme, can find out if the R13 temperature influence, and low 90m Ω during impedance ratio short circuit during stall, system power was the same when stall was with short circuit so, and traditional scheme promptly can occur judging by accident when stall and breaks like this, carries out short-circuit protection.
The present invention is the voltage detecting scheme, when having only R13 impedance being short circuit when stall 10 times of impedance, R12 just can occur and power on the same when being pressed in stall with short circuit; And 10 times variation is extremely difficult the appearance, thereby when being implemented in variation of ambient temperature, power brick and motor model and changing, short-circuit protection function can not lose efficacy; Can misoperation yet; Be can remain the switching off load control device after the load short circuits, protection is arranged on the motor in the electric tool, improves the reliability of electric tool.
More than show and described basic principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage.The technical staff of the industry should understand; The present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; That describes in the foregoing description and the specification just explains principle of the present invention; Under the prerequisite that does not break away from spirit and scope of the invention, the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these variations and improvement all fall in the scope of the invention that requires protection.It is the boundary by appending claims and equivalence thereof that the present invention requires protection range.
Claims (7)
1. the load protection circuit of electric tool; Comprise power supply, load and and load controller spare; The positive pole of said power supply is connected with the forward power input of load; The negative pole of said power supply is connected with the laod reversal power input through load controller spare; It is characterized in that: also comprise the load voltage testing circuit, the input of said load voltage testing circuit is connected with the load two ends, and the output of said load voltage testing circuit is connected with the control input end of load controller spare.
2. the load protection circuit of electric tool according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said load controller spare is the semiconductor control device.
3. the load protection circuit of electric tool according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: said load controller spare is a metal-oxide-semiconductor.
4. according to the load protection circuit of each described electric tool in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that said load voltage testing circuit comprises:
Be used to connect the PWM ripple the PWM input interface,
First triode that emitter is connected with the forward power input of said load,
First diode that negative pole is connected with the reverse electrical source input of said load,
The 3rd triode that base stage is connected with the collector electrode of said first triode,
The high level that is connected with the collector electrode of said the 3rd triode,
The 5th triode that base stage is connected with the collector electrode of said the 3rd triode,
Anodal second diode that is connected with the reverse electrical source input of said load,
Second triode that collector electrode is connected with the base stage of said the 5th triode,
The 3rd diode that negative pole is connected with the collector electrode of said the 5th triode,
Said PWM input interface is connected with the control input end of load controller spare through the 11 resistance; The positive pole of said first diode is connected with the emitter of first triode; The negative pole of said second diode is connected with the control input end of load controller spare; The emitter of said second triode is connected with high level, and the positive pole of said the 3rd diode is connected with the control input end of load controller spare as the output of load voltage testing circuit.
5. the load protection circuit of electric tool according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: be equipped with biasing resistor between the base stage of said each triode and the emitter, the base stage of said each triode is equipped with current-limiting resistance.
6. the load protection circuit of electric tool according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: the base stage of said the 3rd triode also is connected with the negative pole of power supply through the 8th resistance; The base stage of said the 5th triode also is connected with the negative pole of power supply through the tenth resistance, and said high level also is connected with the negative pole of power supply through first electric capacity.
7. the load protective method of electric tool is characterized in that: on the load protection circuit of said electric tool, carry out the load protective method of electric tool, may further comprise the steps:
The magnitude of voltage that step (1), working load voltage detecting circuit detection load voltage or detection are associated with the load voltage;
Step (2), analyzing and testing load voltage value, when the conducting of load controller spare, if this voltage is reduced to some threshold values and then is judged as load short circuits, the load voltage testing circuit is closed load controller spare, protection entire circuit and power supply.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210173409.4A CN102723693B (en) | 2012-05-31 | 2012-05-31 | Load protection circuit and method for electric tool |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210173409.4A CN102723693B (en) | 2012-05-31 | 2012-05-31 | Load protection circuit and method for electric tool |
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| CN102723693A true CN102723693A (en) | 2012-10-10 |
| CN102723693B CN102723693B (en) | 2014-08-27 |
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| CN201210173409.4A Expired - Fee Related CN102723693B (en) | 2012-05-31 | 2012-05-31 | Load protection circuit and method for electric tool |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102996885A (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2013-03-27 | 宁波长壁流体动力科技有限公司 | Protection drive circuit of small-power electromagnetic coil |
| CN104460408A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-03-25 | 诸暨中澳自动化设备有限公司 | Interaction circuit of intelligent electric tool |
| CN106233150A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2016-12-14 | 泰拉丁公司 | The circuit of protection test instrunment |
| CN110855189A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-02-28 | 张家港华捷电子有限公司 | Accidental start prevention circuit of electric tool controller |
| CN113452101A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-09-28 | 苏州市春菊电器有限公司 | MOS pipe protection device of lithium battery power supply module |
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| JP2002044860A (en) * | 2000-07-21 | 2002-02-08 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | Protection circuit for load |
| CN202034765U (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2011-11-09 | 武汉诚锐电器有限公司 | Switch power source short circuit protection circuit |
| CN102263916A (en) * | 2011-06-07 | 2011-11-30 | 深圳市九洲电器有限公司 | LNB (Low Noise Block) power supply control circuit, power supply control system and digital set-top box |
| CN202651747U (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2013-01-02 | 南京德朔实业有限公司 | Load protection method for electric tool |
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2012
- 2012-05-31 CN CN201210173409.4A patent/CN102723693B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2002044860A (en) * | 2000-07-21 | 2002-02-08 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | Protection circuit for load |
| CN202034765U (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2011-11-09 | 武汉诚锐电器有限公司 | Switch power source short circuit protection circuit |
| CN102263916A (en) * | 2011-06-07 | 2011-11-30 | 深圳市九洲电器有限公司 | LNB (Low Noise Block) power supply control circuit, power supply control system and digital set-top box |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102996885A (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2013-03-27 | 宁波长壁流体动力科技有限公司 | Protection drive circuit of small-power electromagnetic coil |
| CN102996885B (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2014-10-08 | 宁波长壁流体动力科技有限公司 | Protection drive circuit of small-power electromagnetic coil |
| CN106233150A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2016-12-14 | 泰拉丁公司 | The circuit of protection test instrunment |
| CN106233150B (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2020-03-10 | 泰拉丁公司 | Circuit for protecting test instrument |
| CN104460408A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-03-25 | 诸暨中澳自动化设备有限公司 | Interaction circuit of intelligent electric tool |
| CN110855189A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-02-28 | 张家港华捷电子有限公司 | Accidental start prevention circuit of electric tool controller |
| CN113452101A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-09-28 | 苏州市春菊电器有限公司 | MOS pipe protection device of lithium battery power supply module |
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| CN102723693B (en) | 2014-08-27 |
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