CN102721955A - Balanced type photoelectric detector in 2mu m coherent laser wind-finding radar system - Google Patents
Balanced type photoelectric detector in 2mu m coherent laser wind-finding radar system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102721955A CN102721955A CN2012102026401A CN201210202640A CN102721955A CN 102721955 A CN102721955 A CN 102721955A CN 2012102026401 A CN2012102026401 A CN 2012102026401A CN 201210202640 A CN201210202640 A CN 201210202640A CN 102721955 A CN102721955 A CN 102721955A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a balanced type photoelectric detector in a 2mu m coherent laser wind-finding radar system, which aims at solving the problems that in the 2mu m coherent laser wind-finding radar system, analog devices of the balanced type heterodyne photoelectric detector are multiple, so that no only is the cost high, but also heat noise is caused. Two PIN photoelectric diodes with almost completely same parameters are manufactured on one detection unit simultaneously. Incident signal light and local light are divided into two beams respectively through a beam splitter, are respectively guided into two reverse PIN tubes with matched parameters so as to carry out optical frequency mixing on light sensitive surfaces of two PIN photoelectric detectors, then generating heterodyne signals respectively, and outputting the balanced heterodyne intermediate-frequency signal by a two-stage amplifier after passing through a differentiator, wherein a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2 and a capacitor C3 play a role in filtering. The balanced type photoelectric detector disclosed by the invention is used for converting optical signals into electric signals.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of photodetector, balanced type photodetector in particularly a kind of 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar systems.
Background technology
Adopt balanced type heterodyne detection technology at present; Overcome in the 2-m coherent laser windfinding radar system local oscillator light shot noise to the heterodyne detection influence on SNR; Carry out difference through the output that has a photodiode of same alike result with two and just can eliminate the local oscillator optical noise; Improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of heterodyne signal; Its principle of work is as shown in Figure 1, and balanced type heterodyne reception unit is made up of the detector of two parallel connections, and every detector all has independently photodiode (PIN), low-noise preamplifier, main amplifier and BPF..Flashlight and local oscillator light are divided into two-way up and down through beam splitter respectively.The following road of flashlight and local oscillator light projects on the following photodiode in the lump, and flashlight is set out on a journey and the local oscillator light of 180 ° of phase shifts projects on the top photodiode in the lump.The output signal (phase place is opposite) of two-way detector together gets into compositor and exports intermediate-freuqncy signal again.
According to photoelectric effect, the output terminal on two detectors obtains photocurrent (loading generation photovoltage), wherein η
1, η
2The quantum efficiency of representing two detectors respectively, ε and (1-ε) are the splitting ratio of single-mode polarization maintaining fiber beam splitter, S
2And L
2The distribution of light intensity of expression signal light and reference light then has following formula:
Carrier To Noise Power Density N in two detectors
1And N
2, can be expressed as respectively:
If suppose that the filter function in the two-way is A
1, so just to photocurrent and not influence of noise.In order to shift the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) density of this system onto, the gain factor of hypothesis gain earlier 2 is A
1, through changing gain A
1Gain factor, analyze the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) power density.At this moment the difference electric current of intermediate frequency of system and differential noise power are respectively:
Thereby can obtain signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) be:
At this moment, if the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) that independent derivation detector 1 or detector 2 work independently only need let gain A
1For infinity is zero perhaps, promptly obtain:
Because single-element detector is the special circumstances of balanced type detector, but be not optimum, therefore, clearly the detection performance of both-end detector is minimum identical with single-element detector.
2 μ m balanced type heterodyne photodetectors are used for accomplishing the beat frequency of flashlight and local oscillator light, and the intermediate-freuqncy signal behind the beat frequency is amplified to satisfy the requirement of digital information processing system.
At present, the analog device of balanced type heterodyne photodetector is more, and not only cost is high, and analog device also brings thermonoise.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to solve in 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar systems; The analog device of balanced type heterodyne photodetector is more; Not only cost is high; Analog device also brings the thermonoise problem, and the present invention provides balanced type photodetector in a kind of 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar systems.
Balanced type photodetector in the 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar systems, it comprises first PIN photodiode, second PIN photodiode, resistance R 1, resistance R 2, resistance R 3, capacitor C 1, capacitor C 2, capacitor C 3, one-level amplifier, two-stage amplifier, a FC/APC port and the 2nd FC/APC port; The flashlight output port of the one FC/APC port is connected with the light signal receiving end of first PIN photodiode; The end of the negative electrode connecting resistance R1 of first PIN photodiode; The positive pole of another termination power supply of said resistance R 1; The local oscillator optical output port of the 2nd FC/APC port is connected with the light signal receiving end of second PIN photodiode; The end of the anode connecting resistance R2 of second PIN photodiode, the negative pole of another termination power supply of said resistance R 2, the negative electrode of the anode of first PIN photodiode, second PIN photodiode, an end of resistance R 3 are connected with an end of capacitor C 1 simultaneously; Another termination power ground of said resistance R3; The other end of said capacitor C 1 is connected with the amplifying signal input end of one-level amplifier, and the amplifying signal output terminal of one-level amplifier is connected with an end of capacitor C 2, and the other end of capacitor C 2 is connected with the amplifying signal input end of two-stage amplifier; The amplifying signal output terminal of two-stage amplifier is connected with an end of capacitor C 3, and the other end of capacitor C 3 is the intermediate-freuqncy signal output terminal of balanced type photodetector in the 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar systems.
Advantage of the present invention is: according to balance heterodyne detection principle; 2 μ m balanced type photodetectors of band optical fiber input FC/APC port of the present invention can be collected atmospheric backscatter flashlight and local oscillator light through 50/50 single-mode polarization maintaining fiber beam splitter; Can eliminate simultaneously the amplitude noise that local oscillator light produces; Reduce some analog devices to existing balanced type heterodyne photodetector, reduced cost, also reduced the thermonoise that analog device brings.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing balanced type heterodyne detector.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of balanced type photodetector in the 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar systems of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the experimental circuit schematic diagram of the effect of balanced type photodetector in the checking 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar systems of the present invention.
Fig. 4 for balanced type photodetector in the 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar systems of the present invention when WV is 5.0V, the time-domain signal synoptic diagram of first PIN photodiode.Horizontal ordinate express time, ordinate are represented the output voltage of first PIN photodiode.
Fig. 5 for balanced type photodetector in the 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar systems of the present invention when WV is 5.0V, the time-domain signal synoptic diagram of second PIN photodiode.Horizontal ordinate express time, ordinate are represented the output voltage of second PIN photodiode.
Fig. 6 for the present invention when WV is 5.0V, the time-domain signal synoptic diagram of the intermediate-freuqncy signal of balanced type photodetector output in the 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar systems of the present invention.Horizontal ordinate express time, ordinate are represented output voltage of the present invention.
Fig. 7 for the present invention when WV is 5.0V, the frequency-region signal synoptic diagram of the intermediate-freuqncy signal of balanced type photodetector output in the 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar systems of the present invention.Horizontal ordinate is represented frequency, and ordinate is represented output amplitude of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: this embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 2 to Fig. 7; Balanced type photodetector in the 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar systems, it comprises first PIN photodiode 1, second PIN photodiode 2, resistance R 1, resistance R 2, resistance R 3, capacitor C 1, capacitor C 2, capacitor C 3, one-level amplifier 3, two-stage amplifier 4, a FC/APC port 5 and the 2nd FC/APC port 6; The flashlight output port of the one FC/APC port 5 is connected with the light signal receiving end of first PIN photodiode 1; The end of the negative electrode connecting resistance R1 of first PIN photodiode 1; The positive pole of another termination power supply of said resistance R 1; The local oscillator optical output port of the 2nd FC/APC port 6 is connected with the light signal receiving end of second PIN photodiode 2; The end of the anode connecting resistance R2 of second PIN photodiode 2, the negative pole of another termination power supply of said resistance R 2, the negative electrode of the anode of first PIN photodiode 1, second PIN photodiode 2, an end of resistance R 3 are connected with an end of capacitor C 1 simultaneously; Another termination power ground of said resistance R3; The other end of said capacitor C 1 is connected with the amplifying signal input end of one-level amplifier 3, and the amplifying signal output terminal of one-level amplifier 3 is connected with an end of capacitor C 2, and the other end of capacitor C 2 is connected with the amplifying signal input end of two-stage amplifier 4; The amplifying signal output terminal of two-stage amplifier 4 is connected with an end of capacitor C 3, and the other end of capacitor C 3 is the intermediate-freuqncy signal output terminal of balanced type photodetector in the 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar systems.
On a probe unit, make two PIN photodiodes that parameter is almost completely identical simultaneously.Incoming signal light and local oscillator light are divided into two bundles through beam splitter respectively; Import to respectively on two reverse PIN pipes of parameter matching and on two PIN photodetector photosurfaces, carry out optical mixing; Produce heterodyne signal separately, through exporting balance heterodyne intermediate-freuqncy signal through two-stage amplifier behind the difference engine.Capacitor C 1, capacitor C 2 and capacitor C 3 strobe, and the capacitance of capacitor C 1, capacitor C 2 and capacitor C 3 is 5pF simultaneously, and the resistance of resistance R 1 and resistance R 2 is 50 Ω, and the resistance of R3 is 1 * 10
4Ω, first PIN photodiode 1 and the 2nd PI photodiode 2 models are GH150-2; One-level amplifier 3 models are that LT1012 and two-stage amplifier 4 models are MAX494.
First PIN photodiode 1 and second PIN photodiode 2 are in the same way the time, and one the tunnel adds 180 ° of phase shifters therein.
The technical indicator of balanced type photodetector is as shown in table 1 in the 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar systems of the present invention.
Table 1 technical indicator of the present invention
| Characterisitic parameter | Symbol | Representative value | Unit | |
| Spectral response range | λ | 2050 | nm | |
| Sensitivity | ρ | 1 | A/W | |
| Noise | NEP | 20 | pA/(Hz) 1/2 | |
| Quantum efficiency | η | 0.7 | - | |
| | G | 20 | dB | |
| -three dB bandwidth | BW | 150 | MHz | |
| | R | B | 50 | Ω |
| WV | V B | 5 | V | |
| Input port | - | FC/APC | - | |
| Damage threshold | - | 3 | dBm |
Under experimental circuit schematic diagram shown in Figure 3,
The maximum polarization light output power of the continuous wave laser of 2 μ m single-mode polarization maintaining fibers is 100mW; The FC/APC output terminal of the continuous wave laser of 2 μ m single-mode polarization maintaining fibers links to each other with the FC/APC input end of the 100MHz acousto-optic frequency shifters of 2 mu m all-fibers; Its 0 grade of light closes bundle with the bundling device of 1 grade of light through 2 μ m single-mode polarization maintaining fibers after through online adjustable attenuator; The splitting ratio of bundling device is 50/50; The luminous power of closing then behind the bundle is equally divided into two parts; Be injected into respectively on two photosurfaces of balanced type photodetector in the 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar systems of the present invention, the balance external difference signal of balanced type photodetector output is received on the oscillograph through intermediate frequency amplifier in the 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar systems of the present invention, on oscillograph, just can observe the heterodyne signal of 100MHz.Because the characteristic of two photodiodes of balanced type photodetector is identical; Therefore in order on oscillograph, to observe best local oscillator luminous power to the heterodyne signal influence on SNR; Can detector of the present invention any input end signal wherein be removed, so just obtain the heterodyne signal of single-element detector.
On the basis of experimental circuit principle shown in Figure 3, verify the feasibility of balanced type photodetector in the 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar systems of the present invention.Still continuous wave laser output power stuck-at-.4mW; Utilizing the local oscillator luminous power of two FC/APC input ends of balanced type photodetector in the luminous power instrumentation 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar systems of the present invention to make the injection luminous power of two FC/APC input ends identical through additional online adjustable attenuator in light path respectively, promptly all is 0.40mW.Remove local oscillator light then, the size of testing the first PIN photodiode input end signal luminous power is 0.90mW, and the second PIN photodiode signal light power is 0.89mW.Still observe the signal and the balanced type differential output signal of the photodiode output of each unit respectively through oscillograph.
Can find out from Fig. 4 and Fig. 5; The signal phase that two unit light electric diodes are exported separately differs 180 °; Satisfy the designing requirement of balanced type photo-detector circuit; But there is amplitude fluctuation in the signal time-domain curve that two cell diodes are exported separately, and the jagged appearance of curve at crest and trough place, explains that all there is the amplitude noise of local oscillator light in two detectors.
From Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, can see; There is the peak that amplitude is very strong in frequency-region signal; The amplitude of the intermediate-freuqncy signal in the intermediate-freuqncy signal of the 100MHz that Here it is will measure, time domain is compared obvious increase with the amplitude of single-element detector output signal, and compares the time-domain curve smoother with Fig. 5 with Fig. 4; Amplitude does not have the appearance of wave phenomenon, explains that noise has significantly reduced.
Simultaneously; In experimentation; The signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of the heterodyne signal through the corresponding binary data of the heterodyne signal that collects being carried out first PIN photodiode output that digital signal processing obtained balanced type photodetector in the 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar systems of the present invention at best local oscillator luminous power place respectively is 82.15dB; The signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of the heterodyne signal of second PIN photodiode output is 82.10dB; The signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of the heterodyne signal of balanced type photodetector output is respectively 87.38dB in the 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar systems of the present invention; Can see through measurement result; The signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of balanced type photodetector is compared with the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of the detector of 2 μ m unit and is exceeded 5dB in the 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar systems of the present invention, explains that the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of 2 μ m balanced type detectors has obviously been improved, and is more suitable for the detection of faint atmospheric backscatter echoed signal.Can satisfy the needs of 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar heterodyne detection systems.
Embodiment two: this embodiment is to the further specifying of balanced type photodetector in the embodiment one described 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar systems, and first PIN photodiode 1, second PIN photodiode 2, resistance R 1, resistance R 2, resistance R 3, capacitor C 1, capacitor C 2, capacitor C 3, one-level amplifier 3 and two-stage amplifier 4 are integrated in the microelectronics Packaging.
The advantage of this encapsulation is to reduce stray capacitance, increases the reception bandwidth of photodetector.
Embodiment three: this embodiment is to the further specifying of balanced type photodetector in the embodiment one described 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar systems, and said balanced type photodetector adopts the InGaAs material to realize.
Claims (3)
1.2 balanced type photodetector in the mu m coherent laser windfinding radar system; It is characterized in that it comprises first PIN photodiode (1), second PIN photodiode (2), resistance R 1, resistance R 2, resistance R 3, capacitor C 1, capacitor C 2, capacitor C 3, one-level amplifier (3), two-stage amplifier (4), a FC/APC port (5) and the 2nd FC/APC port (6); The flashlight output port of the one FC/APC port (5) is connected with the light signal receiving end of first PIN photodiode (1); The end of the negative electrode connecting resistance R1 of first PIN photodiode (1); The positive pole of another termination power supply of said resistance R 1; The local oscillator optical output port of the 2nd FC/APC port (6) is connected with the light signal receiving end of second PIN photodiode (2); The end of the anode connecting resistance R2 of second PIN photodiode (2); The negative pole of another termination power supply of said resistance R 2; The negative electrode of the anode of first PIN photodiode (1), second PIN photodiode (2), an end of resistance R 3 are connected with an end of capacitor C 1 simultaneously, another termination power ground of said resistance R3, and the other end of said capacitor C 1 is connected with the amplifying signal input end of one-level amplifier (3); The amplifying signal output terminal of one-level amplifier (3) is connected with an end of capacitor C 2; The other end of capacitor C 2 is connected with the amplifying signal input end of two-stage amplifier (4), and the amplifying signal output terminal of two-stage amplifier (4) is connected with an end of capacitor C 3, and the other end of capacitor C 3 is the intermediate-freuqncy signal output terminal of balanced type photodetector in the 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar systems.
2. balanced type photodetector in the 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar systems according to claim 1; It is characterized in that first PIN photodiode (1), second PIN photodiode (2), resistance R 1, resistance R 2, resistance R 3, capacitor C 1, capacitor C 2, capacitor C 3, one-level amplifier (3) and two-stage amplifier (4) are integrated in the microelectronics Packaging.
3. balanced type photodetector in the 2 mu m coherent laser windfinding radar systems according to claim 2 is characterized in that, said balanced type photodetector adopts the InGaAs material to realize.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102914366A (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2013-02-06 | 中山大学 | Photoelectric differential detector with high common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) |
| CN103115635A (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2013-05-22 | 天津大学 | Double-channel frequency division photoelectric signal detection circuit |
| CN105355704A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-02-24 | 天津飞讯伟业科技有限公司 | Symmetrical double-PIN balance photoelectric detector |
| CN105652100A (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2016-06-08 | 北京工业大学 | Photoelectric detector and photodiode pulse width-contorllable measuring device and application method thereof |
| CN106597563A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-04-26 | 武汉大学 | Space coupling shell type high-speed balancing photoelectric detector |
| CN111525898A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-08-11 | 太原理工大学 | High-gain broadband balance homodyne detector |
| CN111917485A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-11-10 | 武汉普赛斯电子技术有限公司 | Intensity modulation optical signal eye pattern measuring device and method based on linear light sampling |
| CN113740878A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-12-03 | 南京牧镭激光科技有限公司 | Novel balance detector circuit for wind measuring radar |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102914366A (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2013-02-06 | 中山大学 | Photoelectric differential detector with high common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) |
| CN103115635A (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2013-05-22 | 天津大学 | Double-channel frequency division photoelectric signal detection circuit |
| CN103115635B (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2015-03-25 | 天津大学 | Double-channel frequency division photoelectric signal detection circuit |
| CN105355704A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-02-24 | 天津飞讯伟业科技有限公司 | Symmetrical double-PIN balance photoelectric detector |
| CN105355704B (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-06-16 | 天津飞讯伟业科技有限公司 | Symmetric double PIN balances photodetector |
| CN105652100A (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2016-06-08 | 北京工业大学 | Photoelectric detector and photodiode pulse width-contorllable measuring device and application method thereof |
| CN105652100B (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2018-07-10 | 北京工业大学 | Photoelectric tube pulsewidth controllable measuring device and its application method |
| CN106597563A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-04-26 | 武汉大学 | Space coupling shell type high-speed balancing photoelectric detector |
| CN111525898A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-08-11 | 太原理工大学 | High-gain broadband balance homodyne detector |
| CN111917485A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-11-10 | 武汉普赛斯电子技术有限公司 | Intensity modulation optical signal eye pattern measuring device and method based on linear light sampling |
| CN113740878A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-12-03 | 南京牧镭激光科技有限公司 | Novel balance detector circuit for wind measuring radar |
| CN113740878B (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2023-09-22 | 南京牧镭激光科技股份有限公司 | Balance detector circuit for wind-finding radar |
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