CN102721947B - Efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method for airborne digital array radar - Google Patents
Efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method for airborne digital array radar Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method for airborne digital array radar, and belongs to the field of suppression of clutters of airborne radar. In the method, a cascading mode is adopted for the airborne non-front lateral planar array radar working in a medium and high pulse repetition frequency (PRF) system, and the method includes designing a robust adaptive digital beam former (ADBF) in a pitching dimension of airspace to suppress short-range clusters at first; and designing a two-dimensional dimension-reduction space-time adaptive processor (STAP) in a direction-pulse field to further suppress long-range clutters. By the aid of the efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method, the clutters at various fuzzy distances of the airborne non-front lateral planar array radar can be effectively filtered, the convergence speed is fast, computational complexity is low, and the method is suitable forengineering application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method of a kind of airborne Digital Array Radar, belong to airborne radar clutter and suppress the field.
Background technology
Look work under the airborne radar, the land clutter frequency spectrum is wide, intensity is big, and it is the core means that improve detection performance that clutter is effectively suppressed.Handling (STAP) technology based on the two-dimentional space-time adaptive of orientation, spatial domain and time domain impulse sampling is the effective ways that airborne radar clutter suppresses, and just adopts this technology as the E2-D airborne early warn ing radar of the U.S..STAP is as a kind of statistical adaptive Processing Algorithm, only satisfies under independent same distribution (IID) condition performance at clutter and just can give full play to list of references [1-6].
Airborne radar generally adopts pulse Doppler (PD) system.When radar pulse repetition frequency (PRF) is selected medium-high frequency, will there be range ambiguity, in a range unit, can receive the noise signal of a plurality of rang rings this moment simultaneously, wherein the clutter of fuzzy distance is nearest for the first time, the intensity maximum, list of references [4,14] is defined as the short range clutter, and its characteristic is conducted in-depth analysis.When airborne radar adopts the non-working side battle array, short range clutter and far field clutter spectrum distribution trajector deviation are very big, and spectrum was exceedingly fast with range conversion when the short range clutter was empty, caused the serious non-stationary of noise performance of different distance unit, and the clutter rejection that two-dimentional STAP handles sharply descends.
Compensate heterogeneity between the different distance door at the existing a lot of algorithms of distance non-stationary clutter, as lists of references [7-13] such as self-adaptation angle-Doppler effect correction, registration compensation.But under the range ambiguity condition, the far field clutter has constituted different clutter spectrum with the short range clutter, and backoff algorithm can't be taken into account the clutter of the fuzzy distance of each time simultaneously.Therefore, this type of algorithm can't improve the clutter rejection of follow-up two-dimentional STAP.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed under the high PRF system airborne non-positive side battle array Digital Array Radar and adopt traditional orientation-pulse domain two dimension STAP clutter rejection defect of insufficient, based on pitching-orientation-pulse three-dimensional territory the efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method of a kind of airborne Digital Array Radar has been proposed, at first suppress the short range clutter at spatial domain pitching dimension design robust ADBF processor, design two-dimentional dimensionality reduction STAP processor in orientation-pulse domain then and suppress long-range clutter.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme for solving its technical matters:
The efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method of a kind of airborne Digital Array Radar comprises the steps:
1) pitching robust ADBF adaptive beam forms: to each row pitching linear array, dimensionality reduction forms pitching and wave beam and trim wave beam respectively, namely
M is antenna pitching dimension element number of array in the formula,
Be listed as for every
Individual array element is in the output signal of each pulse,
Be pitching and the wave beam that forms behind M array element dimensionality reduction of every row,
Be the trim wave beam that forms behind M array element dimensionality reduction of every row; Pitching and wave beam
With the trim wave beam
Correspond to pitching every alignment battle array output signal and dimensionality reduction matrix
Product, that is:
In the formula
Be the output signal of each array element of the every row of pitching in each pulse;
Be the conjugate transpose operational symbol;
Be transpose operator; After the dimension-reduction treatment of pitching spatial domain, adopt first zero filling pulse as training sample in order to the estimation self-adaptive weights, each array element of digital array received in signal and only comprised short range clutter information this moment; When definition the
First zero filling reception of impulse signal of the every row pitching of individual range unit antenna array linear array is
, every array unit then
Individual range unit first zero filling pulse pitching and wave beam
Output signal and trim wave beam
Output signal is:
According to the secondary lobe SLC principle that disappears mutually, to
Individual range unit offsets short range clutter in pitching and the wave beam, adaptive weight with the trim wave beam
Satisfy:
Wherein
Be the mathematical expectation operational symbol,
Be the conjugate transpose operational symbol, then
Autocorrelation matrix in the formula
Adopt after every row dimension-reduction treatment
Individual range unit and vicinity
The trim beamformer output signal of first zero filling pulse of individual range unit is estimated to obtain, and generally gets
, namely
,
Be
Individual range unit trim beamformer output signal; Cross-correlation matrix
Adopt after every row dimension-reduction treatment
Individual range unit and vicinity
First zero filling pulse pitching of individual range unit and beamformer output signal and trim beamformer output signal are estimated to obtain, and generally get
, namely
,
Be
Individual range unit pitching and beamformer output signal;
By formula (2), (3), (4), (5), to
Each row pitching linear array of individual range unit realizes the adaptive weight that the short range clutter suppresses
For:
Therefore, to
Each alignment battle array of individual range unit adopts adaptive weight
Pulse by Pulse carries out pitching filtering, just can effectively suppress the short range clutter in each pulse signal, avoids the far field echo signal to incur loss simultaneously; Can adopt above-mentioned flow process to calculate corresponding adaptive weight respectively to different range units, and then the first Pulse by Pulse of every array be carried out pitching filtering just can realize the short range clutter in each pulse signal of all range units is suppressed.
2) orientation-pulse domain two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP space-time adaptive is handled: after pitching robust ADBF suppressed the short range clutter, antenna array was equivalent to the orientation linear array; Linear array has N array element when the definition orientation, and each array element receives K pulse signal; When definition the
Individual range unit receives signal
, guiding vector when detecting target empty
In the formula
,
,
For the array element orientation to spacing,
Be radar wavelength,
Be the target Doppler frequency,
Be the target azimuth incident angle,
Be radar pulse recurrence interval PRI,
For Kronecker amasss;
Further suppress to remain long-range clutter based on local Combined Treatment algorithm design orientation-pulse domain two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP processor, the spatial domain, orientation is pointed to both sides at the detection object beam and is respectively got 2 adjacent beams, time domain is respectively got 1 adjacent Doppler unit in detection both sides, Doppler unit, and then the dimensionality reduction matrix is
In the formula
Be spatial domain adjacent beams interval,
Be the adjacent Doppler's unit interval of time domain,
, PRF is radar pulse repetition frequency; Through matrix
After the dimensionality reduction conversion, receive signal and target guiding vector and be respectively:
Behind the dimensionality reduction, receive signal
With the target guiding vector
Degree of freedom be 15, therefore to the
Individual range unit adopts the assorted covariance matrix of making an uproar after contiguous 50 range unit samples are estimated dimensionality reduction
, that is:
Wherein
Be
The output signal of individual range unit after the dimensionality reduction matrixing,
For detecting the protected location number of range unit both sides, desirable
The self-adaptation power of orientation-pulse domain two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP is:
By formula (8), (9), (11), to
Individual range unit orientation-pulse domain realizes the adaptive weight that long-range clutter suppresses
For:
Adopt above-mentioned flow process to calculate corresponding adaptive weight respectively to different range units, just can effectively suppress to influence the long-range clutter of target detection.
To sum up, the efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method of the present invention's proposition is made of pitching ADBF cascade orientation-pulse domain two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP; That is: to
Individual range unit at first pitching dimension calculates by the row self-adaptation
Suppress the short range clutter, then in the orientation-calculating of pulse domain self-adaptation
Suppress long-range clutter.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention is directed to the airborne non-positive side battle array Digital Array Radar that is operated under the middle high pulse repetition frequency and proposed a kind of efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method, comprise pitching robust ADBF, orientation-two steps of pulse domain two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP; With the two-dimentional dimensionality reduction STAP algorithm ratio of list of references [6] based on the local Combined Treatment, operand of the present invention is suitable substantially, but the pitching robust ADBF step that increases is the strong distance of filtering short range clutter heterogeneous effectively in advance, and then improves the rejection of follow-up orientation-residual spur of pulse domain two dimension STAP; Emulation experiment shows that operand of the present invention has only increased by 2.5% than the two-dimentional dimensionality reduction STAP algorithm based on the local Combined Treatment, but has improved about 15.5dB at the strong short range clutter district of the 400th range unit correspondence clutter rejection; Therefore the present invention can effectively improve the clutter inhibition of China's airborne non-positive side battle array Digital Array Radar, and fast convergence rate, and operand is little, is easy to engineering construction.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the non-positive side array antenna geometric relationship figure of airborne radar.
Fig. 2 is forward sight battle array angle-Doppler's spectrogram.
Fig. 3 is forward sight battle array distance-Doppler spectrogram.
Fig. 4 (a) is the 400th range unit section two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP improvement factor synoptic diagram; Fig. 4 (b) is the 600th range unit section two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP improvement factor synoptic diagram.
Fig. 5 is pitching spatial domain dimensionality reduction exemplary plot.
Fig. 6 is that three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppresses signal processing flow figure.
Fig. 7 is pitching and beam pattern figure.
Fig. 8 (a) is that the 400th the efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter of range unit section suppresses the improvement factor synoptic diagram; Fig. 8 (b) is that the 600th the efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter of range unit section suppresses the improvement factor synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the invention is described in further details.
The non-positive side of airborne radar battle array geometric relationship as shown in Figure 1.Suppose that antenna is the rectangle battle array, the rows of array elements column pitch is half-wavelength.If the normal direction of antenna plane is the x axle, the horizontal of antenna plane is the y axle, and the direction that makes progress perpendicular to ground is the z axle.The angle that the heading of carrier aircraft departs from y axle left side is
The angle of radar main lobe beam position and array antenna transverse axis is
The ground clutter of different distance is different to the angle of pitch of array antenna.The angle of pitch is defined as the angle of radar ray and antenna array normal, as shown in Figure 1
,
The pass of clutter Doppler frequency and distance is,
In the formula
Be carrier aircraft speed,
Be the carrier aircraft height,
Be radar wavelength,
Be the clutter oblique distance,
Be the clutter angle horizontal with respect to antenna plane,
Crab angle for the relative y axle of carrier aircraft heading left side.For non-positive side battle array, the clutter two-dimensional spectrum of the fuzzy distance of each time is elliptic curve, and the clutter two-dimensional spectrum of different distance does not overlap.Angle-doppler spectral shown in Figure 2 is the clutter two dimension spectral line of the different fuzzy distances of same range unit under the forward sight battle array, and wherein the short range clutter of fuzzy distance and the clutter spectrum of the fuzzy distance of other each times of far field significantly depart from for the first time.Fig. 3 has provided the distance-doppler spectral of radar reception clutter, and wherein leftmost curve namely corresponds to the short range clutter of different distance unit.As seen, clutter slowly changes with distance at a distance, and distance variation more far away is more slow.
Conventional two-dimensional STAP is synthetic in pitching dimension with antenna array, forms the orientation linear array, then to the orientation-impulse sampling Design of Signal clutter self-adapting suppression filter of each range unit.Consider speed of convergence and the operand of adaptive algorithm, list of references [6] has proposed local Combined Treatment algorithm (JDL), and the guiding vector is respectively got in beam position both sides, spatial domain during namely according to the detection target empty
Individual adjacent beams detects both sides, Doppler unit in time domain and respectively gets
Individual adjacent Doppler unit, and then
Local design dimensionality reduction STAP processor.Under simulation parameter, get
,
, utilize adjacent 50 range units to estimate two-dimentional dimensionality reduction STAP weights.Adopt improvement factor (IF) to weigh the clutter rejection, it is defined as
In the formula
Be the output letter miscellaneous noise ratio after the two-dimentional dimensionality reduction STAP processing,
Receive the input letter miscellaneous noise ratio of signal for the array element individual pulse.Fig. 4 has provided the IF curve in the 400th range unit section and the 600th range unit section respectively.As seen, short range clutter power is big, seriously non-homogeneous down because airborne non-positive side battle array distance by radar blurs the 400th range unit section, the remarkable broadening of IF recess, and target detection performance descends at a slow speed; Because distance increase short range clutter power descends, and non-homogeneous intensity weakens, IF recess broadening slightly improves the 600th distance segment unit section.
The present invention is the improvement to conventional two-dimensional STAP algorithm, by increasing digital array spatial domain pitching dimension degree of freedom, in pitching-orientation-pulse domain studies three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method, adopt cascade system, at first Adaptive Suppression is strong apart from short range clutter heterogeneous, and then designs two-dimentional dimensionality reduction STAP processor in orientation-pulse domain and suppress long-range clutter.
This paper scheme comprises following 2 steps: (1) pitching robust ADBF; (2) orientation-pulse domain two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP.Provide concrete analysis below.
(1) pitching robust ADBF
Can calculate the weight coefficient of each range unit pitching airspace filter device under the airborne numeral battle array radar ideal conditions according to radar parameter respectively.But because carrier aircraft height, the array element width of cloth equate error effect, the pitching wave filter recess of calculating can with short range clutter mismatch.List of references [14] has further been studied the complete space domain self-adapted algorithm of pitching on this basis, and its degree of freedom in system is pitching bay number.But under the range ambiguity, except short range clutter information, also comprised the far field clutter that receives in the training sample of choosing.Clutter its pitching dimension spatial domain guiding vector in far field is consistent with the pitching main beam direction, and this moment, the far field clutter was echo signal.Therefore, estimate that by the training sample that comprises the far field noise signal pitching ADBF weights that suppress the short range clutter can cause signal cancellation, the adaptive weight that calculates when serious can make the pitching main beam produce distortion.
The radar simulation parameter is as shown in table 1, and Fig. 4 has provided spatial domain and the wave beam corresponding figures of pitching routine and wave beam and different distance pitching adaptive weight.As seen, adaptive weight has all formed deep notch at short range clutter place to be suppressed it, but the pitching main beam has also produced distortion, the target signal to noise ratio loss that this must cause follow-up two-dimentional STAP to handle.
Table 1 radar system parameter
Parameter name | Parameter values |
Pulse repetition rate | 5000Hz |
The sampling bandwidth | 5MHz |
Line number | 8 |
Columns | 64 |
Carrier aircraft speed | 150m/s |
Pulse number in the CPI | 64 |
The carrier aircraft flying height | 8000m |
Array element distance and wavelength ratio |
Several received pulses do not return as yet owing to far field signal (target and long-range clutter) before the Airborne PD Radar, generally as the zero filling pulse.If with the zero filling pulse as training sample estimation self-adaptive weights, the signal cancellation that can effectively avoid the far field clutter to cause then.PRF is in the radar system parameter
During 5000Hz, the maximum distance of the 1st zero filling pulse correspondence is 30 kilometers, also has 20 ° deviation with the pitching main beam.Therefore, utilize first zero filling pulse to estimate short range clutter self-adapting weights, just can when suppressing the short range clutter, improve pitching main beam conformality.
Adopt first zero filling pulse to estimate short range clutter information, compare with list of references [14], number of training has just significantly reduced.The short range clutter requires to adopt too much range unit to come the estimate covariance matrix with the fast-changing non-stationary property of distance.Therefore, we further study pitching spatial domain dimensionality reduction scheme, to improve speed of convergence, reduce number of training.
Adopt first zero filling pulse estimate covariance matrix, each range unit has only short range clutter information.For contiguous some range units, its short range clutter spatial domain angle of pitch is approximate identical, and with the pitching main beam bigger differential seat angle is arranged, and therefore only needs two degree of freedom just can suppress it well.To phased array antenna, we handle respectively by row.To each row pitching linear array, dimensionality reduction forms pitching and wave beam and trim wave beam respectively as shown in Figure 5, namely
Wherein M is antenna pitching dimension element number of array;
Be listed as for every
Individual array element is in the output signal of each pulse.
Be pitching and the wave beam that forms behind M array element dimensionality reduction of every row,
Be the trim wave beam that forms behind M array element dimensionality reduction of every row.In fact
,
Correspond to pitching every alignment battle array output signal and dimensionality reduction matrix
Product, that is:
Wherein
Be the output of each array element of the every row of pitching in each pulse,
Be the conjugate transpose operational symbol,
Be transpose operator.After the dimension-reduction treatment of pitching spatial domain, adopt first zero filling pulse as training sample in order to the estimation self-adaptive weights, each array element of digital array received in signal and only comprised short range clutter information this moment.Suppose
First zero filling reception of impulse signal of the every row pitching of individual range unit antenna array linear array is
Signal, then every array unit
Individual range unit first zero filling pulse pitching and wave beam
Output signal and trim wave beam
Output signal is:
According to secondary lobe (SLC) principle that disappears mutually, to
Individual range unit offsets short range clutter in pitching and the wave beam, adaptive weight with the trim wave beam
Satisfy:
Wherein
Be the mathematical expectation operational symbol,
Be the conjugate transpose operational symbol, then
Autocorrelation matrix wherein
Adopt after every row dimension-reduction treatment
Individual range unit and vicinity
The trim beamformer output signal of first zero filling pulse of individual range unit is estimated to obtain, and generally gets
, namely
,
Be
Individual range unit trim beamformer output signal.Cross-correlation matrix
Adopt after every row dimension-reduction treatment
Individual range unit and vicinity
First zero filling pulse pitching of individual range unit and beamformer output signal and trim beamformer output signal are estimated to obtain, and generally get
, namely
,
Be
Individual range unit pitching and beamformer output signal.
By formula (4), (5), (6), (7), to
Each row pitching linear array of individual range unit realizes the adaptive weight that the short range clutter suppresses
For:
Therefore, to
Each row pitching linear array of individual range unit adopts adaptive weight
Pulse by Pulse carries out filtering, just can effectively suppress the short range clutter in each pulse signal, avoids the far field echo signal to incur loss simultaneously.Can adopt above-mentioned flow process to calculate corresponding adaptive weight respectively to different range units, and then the first Pulse by Pulse of every array be carried out pitching filtering just can realize the short range clutter in each pulse signal of all range units is suppressed.
2) orientation-pulse domain two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP
After the short range clutter pitching filtering, the antenna array equivalence has formed an orientation linear array.Since elimination the short range clutter component, the clutter rejection of follow-up azimuth-range territory two dimension STAP will significantly improve.
The assumed position linear array has N array element, and each array element receives K pulse signal.Suppose
Individual range unit receives signal
, the guiding vector is when detecting target empty
In the formula
,
,
For the array element orientation to spacing,
Be radar wavelength,
Be the target Doppler frequency,
Be the target azimuth incident angle,
Be radar pulse recurrence interval (PRI),
For Kronecker amasss.
Further suppress to remain long-range clutter based on JDL algorithm design orientation-pulse domain two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP processor, the spatial domain, orientation is pointed to both sides at the detection object beam and is respectively got 2 adjacent beams, time domain is respectively got 1 adjacent Doppler unit in detection both sides, Doppler unit, and then the dimensionality reduction matrix is
In the formula
Be spatial domain adjacent beams interval,
Be the adjacent Doppler's unit interval of time domain,
, PRF is radar pulse repetition frequency; Through matrix
After the dimensionality reduction conversion, receive signal and target guiding vector and be respectively
Behind the dimensionality reduction, receive signal
With the target guiding vector
Degree of freedom be 15.Therefore to the
Individual range unit adopts the assorted covariance matrix of making an uproar after contiguous 50 range unit samples are estimated dimensionality reduction
, that is:
(12)
Wherein
Be
The output signal of individual range unit after the dimensionality reduction matrixing,
For the protected location number of detecting unit both sides, desirable
The self-adaptation power of orientation-pulse domain two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP processor is:
By formula (10), (11), (13), to
Individual range unit orientation-pulse domain realizes the adaptive weight that long-range clutter suppresses
For:
To sum up, the efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method of the present invention's proposition is made of pitching ADBF cascade orientation-pulse domain two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP; That is: to
Individual range unit at first pitching dimension calculates by the row self-adaptation
Suppress the short range clutter, then in the orientation-calculating of pulse domain self-adaptation
Suppress long-range clutter, its signal processing flow as shown in Figure 6.
Simulation parameter is with table 1, and Fig. 7 calculates the spatial domain response diagram of adaptive weight respectively at 12.3Km and 18.3Km for this paper scheme step (1) pitching robust ADBF.Adaptive weight has all formed deep notch at the angle of pitch of short range clutter correspondence, and the pitching main beam is consistent with conventional formation main beam performance.
Come the performance of the efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method of quantitative analysis below with improvement factor (IF).Fig. 8 has provided the IF curve of two-dimentional dimensionality reduction STAP and this paper method respectively.Short range clutter district, the more two-dimentional dimensionality reduction STAP of the IF of this paper method is significantly increased, and wherein the 400th range unit section, the short range noise intensity is big, changes soon, and performance improvement is especially obvious, and this paper algorithm has improved about 15.5dB; The 600th range unit section, the short range noise intensity dies down, compare with two-dimentional dimensionality reduction STAP, and, this paper algorithm has improved about 6.5dB.
The present invention compares with the two-dimentional dimensionality reduction STAP of routine, has increased cascade pitching robust ADBF flow process, and its self-adaptive processing dimension only is 2.In simulation calculation, the self-adaptive processing dimension of two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP is 15, compare two-dimentional dimensionality reduction STAP, the operand of efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method has only increased about 0.25%, and when two-dimentional dimensionality reduction STAP self-adaptive processing dimension increased, it is littler that operand of the present invention increases ratio.Therefore, at in airborne non-positive side battle array Digital Array Radar under the high PRF system, the efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method that the present invention proposes is suitable with conventional two-dimensional dimensionality reduction STAP operand, and can significantly improve the clutter rejection of the fuzzy distance of each time.
List of references
[1] Brennan L E, Mallet J D, Reed I S. Theory of adaptive radar [J]. IEEE Trans. On AES., 1973, 9(2): 237-251。
[2] Wang Yongliang, Peng Yingning. the space-time adaptive signal is handled [M]. publishing house of Tsing-Hua University. 2000.
[3] Reed I S, Mallett J D, and Brennan L E. Rapid convergence rate in adaptive arrays[J]. IEEE Trans. AES. 1974, 10(6): 853-863。
[4] Meng Xiangdong. space-time two-dimensional Adaptive Signal Processing and moving-target detect [D]. Xi'an: Xian Electronics Science and Technology University, 2009.
[5] Shen Mingwei. handle moving target detection technique research [D] during airborne radar space. Nanjing: Nanjing Aero-Space University, 2008.
[6] Wang H, Cai L J. On Adaptive Spatial-Temporal Processing for Airborne Surveillance Radar System [J]. IEEE Trans. on AES. 1994, 30(3):660:670。
[7] Kreyenkamp O, Klemm R. Doppler compensation in forward-looking STAP radar [J]. IEE Proceedings-Radar Sonar and Naviqation. 2001,148(5): 253-258。
[8] Braham Himed, Zhang Yuhong, Abdelhak Hajjari. STAP with Angle-Doppler Compensation for Bistatic Airborne Radars [C]. Proceedings of the IEEE Radar Conference. 2002:311–317。
[9] Zatman M. Circular array STAP [J]. IEEE Trans. on AES, 2000, 36(2): 510~517。
[10] Braham H., Michel J.H., Zhang Y.H.. Bistatic STAP performance analysis in radar applications. Atlanta, GA, USA: Proceedings of the IEEE National Radar Conference, 2001: 198~203。
[11] Lapierre, F D, Verly J G, Van Droogenbroeck. New solutions to the problem of range dependence in bistatic STAP radars[C]. Piscataway NJ, USA: Proceedings of the IEEE International Radar Conference, 2003: 452-459。
[12] Xie W C, Wang Y L. New solution to Range-Dependence Problem in STAP Radar with HPRF[C]. Boston, MA: IEEE 2007 Radar Conference, 2007: 562-567。
[13] Colone F. Spectral Slope-based approach for mitigating bistatic Space-Time Adaptive Processing clutter dispersion [J]. IET Radar Sonar & Navigation. 2011, 5(5):593-603。
[14] Meng Xiangdong, Wang Tong etc. the pitching that airborne phased array radar short range clutter suppresses is to space domain self-adapted algorithm [J]. electronics and information journal, 2010,32 (4): 948-952.
Claims (1)
1. the efficient three-dimensional space-time adaptive clutter suppression method of airborne Digital Array Radar is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) pitching robust ADBF adaptive beam forms: to each row pitching linear array, dimensionality reduction forms pitching and wave beam and trim wave beam respectively, namely
M is antenna pitching dimension element number of array in the formula,
Be listed as for every
Individual array element is in the output signal of each pulse,
Be pitching and the wave beam that forms behind M array element dimensionality reduction of every row,
Be the trim wave beam that forms behind M array element dimensionality reduction of every row; Pitching and wave beam
With the trim wave beam
Correspond to pitching every alignment battle array output signal and dimensionality reduction matrix
Product, that is:
In the formula
Be the output signal of each array element of the every row of pitching in each pulse;
Be the conjugate transpose operational symbol;
Be transpose operator; After the dimension-reduction treatment of pitching spatial domain, adopt first zero filling pulse as training sample in order to the estimation self-adaptive weights, each array element of digital array received in signal and only comprised short range clutter information this moment; When definition the
First zero filling reception of impulse signal of the every row pitching of individual range unit antenna array linear array is
, every array unit then
Individual range unit first zero filling pulse pitching and wave beam
Output signal and trim wave beam
Output signal is:
According to the secondary lobe SLC principle that disappears mutually, to
Individual range unit offsets short range clutter in pitching and the wave beam, adaptive weight with the trim wave beam
Satisfy:
Wherein
Be the mathematical expectation operational symbol,
Be the conjugate transpose operational symbol, then
Autocorrelation matrix in the formula
Adopt after every row dimension-reduction treatment
Individual range unit and vicinity
The trim beamformer output signal of first zero filling pulse of individual range unit is estimated to obtain, and gets
, namely
,
Be
Individual range unit trim beamformer output signal; Cross-correlation matrix
Adopt after every row dimension-reduction treatment
Individual range unit and vicinity
First zero filling pulse pitching of individual range unit and beamformer output signal and trim beamformer output signal are estimated to obtain, and get
, namely
,
Be
Individual range unit pitching and beamformer output signal;
By formula (2), (3), (4), (5), to
Each row pitching linear array of individual range unit realizes the adaptive weight that the short range clutter suppresses
For:
(6)
2) orientation-pulse domain two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP space-time adaptive is handled: after pitching robust ADBF suppressed the short range clutter, antenna array was equivalent to the orientation linear array; Linear array has N array element when the definition orientation, and each array element receives K pulse signal; When definition the
Individual range unit receives signal
, guiding vector when detecting target empty
(7)
In the formula
,
,
For the array element orientation to spacing,
Be radar wavelength,
Be the target Doppler frequency,
Be the target azimuth incident angle,
Be radar pulse recurrence interval PRI,
For Kronecker amasss;
Further suppress to remain long-range clutter based on local Combined Treatment algorithm design orientation-pulse domain two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP processor, the spatial domain, orientation is pointed to both sides at the detection object beam and is respectively got 2 adjacent beams, time domain is respectively got 1 adjacent Doppler unit in detection both sides, Doppler unit, and then the dimensionality reduction matrix is
In the formula
Be spatial domain adjacent beams interval,
Be the adjacent Doppler's unit interval of time domain,
, PRF is radar pulse repetition frequency; Through matrix
After the dimensionality reduction conversion, receive signal and target guiding vector and be respectively:
Behind the dimensionality reduction, receive signal
With the target guiding vector
Degree of freedom be 15, therefore to the
Individual range unit adopts the assorted covariance matrix of making an uproar after contiguous 50 range unit samples are estimated dimensionality reduction
, that is:
Wherein
Be
The output signal of individual range unit after the dimensionality reduction matrixing,
For detecting the protected location number of range unit both sides, get
The adaptive weight of orientation-pulse domain two dimension dimensionality reduction STAP is:
By formula (8), (9), (11), to
Individual range unit orientation-pulse domain realizes the adaptive weight that long-range clutter suppresses
For:
Adopt above-mentioned flow process to calculate corresponding adaptive weight respectively to different range units, just can effectively suppress to influence the long-range clutter of target detection.
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