CN102288948B - High-speed platform high-speed air moving target detection method based on STAP (Spacetime Adaptive Processing) - Google Patents
High-speed platform high-speed air moving target detection method based on STAP (Spacetime Adaptive Processing) Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-speed platform high-speed air moving target detection method based on STAP (Spacetime Adaptive Processing), belonging to the technical field of aerial maneuvering target detection. The detection method comprises the following steps of: (1) performing Keystone conversion correction target distance walking on spacetime two-dimensional data received by a high-speed platform phased array radar; (2) estimating a clutter covariance matrix of data subjected to cluster walking correction according to data of a reference unit; (3) multiplying an inverse matrix of the clutter covariance matrix with data subjected to Keystone conversion to realize clutter suppression; (4) switching the suppressed data to a distance frequency domain to prepare for target distance walking compensation; (5) configuring a fuzzy number set according to an aerial moving target speed range and a radar system parameter; (6) configuring a filter group according to the fuzzy number set; and (7) making data obtained in the step (4) pass through the filter group to realize target distance walking correction, and performing spacetime two-dimensional beam foaming on a correction result to realize target accumulation. In the method, a plurality of targets with different fuzzy numbers are detected simultaneously by performing parallel processing; and the method has the advantages of high operation speed, convenience for engineering realization, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aerial moving target detection technique field, particularly relate to the at a high speed aerial moving target detection method of a kind of high speed platform based on STAP.
Background technology
Look duty under airborne/spaceborne radar is in, be faced with the land clutter problem more serious than ground radar, clutter has a very wide distribution, intensity is large; Due to the platform motion, cause clutter spectrum greatly to be expanded again, be mainly manifested in the frequency displacement of main-lobe clutter and the broadening of whole clutter frequency band.The space-time two-dimensional clutter spectrum of ideally positive side battle array is that straight line knife back formula distributes.The STAP technology that is proposed by people such as Brennan is that a kind of effective land clutter suppresses means, and its core concept is the response filtering clutter of the adaptive adjusting two dimensional filter of coupled characteristic when utilizing clutter empty, and guarantees that target is had enough gains.But traditional STAP method is all hypothesis is in fixing range unit (range walk does not namely occur) at relevant processing time (coherent processing interval, CPI) internal object and clutter.When with airborne/during the at a high speed aerial moving-target of the high speed detection of platform such as spaceborne, because can causing clutter, the high-speed motion of platform produces range walk, and the high-speed motion between target and platform also can cause target to produce serious range walk, and these are unfavorable for that all STAP processes.Therefore, must manage that the range walk of target and clutter is proofreaied and correct to improve moving-target and detect performance.
The Keystone conversion can be proofreaied and correct its range walk under the prerequisite of target speed the unknown, be widely used in radar Ground moving target imaging and weak target detection field.The detection that Keystone conversion and STAP is integrated as at a high speed aerial moving-target provides a possible approach.When there be not doppler ambiguity in target and clutter, the Keystone conversion can unify the range walk of clutter and target is proofreaied and correct, thereby improved the detection performance of moving-target.But, because there is doppler ambiguity at a high speed aerial moving-target, in the situation that clutter does not exist doppler ambiguity can cause the fuzzy number of target and clutter different, can to clutter space-time two-dimensional characteristic exert an influence when utilizing Keystone conversion correction target range walk this moment, and then reduce the STAP performance.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of high speed platform based on STAP at a high speed aerial moving target detection method for solving the technical matters that exists in known technology.
The purpose of this invention is to provide that a kind of to have method simple, detect accurately, by parallel processing, not only can detect simultaneously the different multiple goal of fuzzy number, and greatly improve arithmetic speed, be convenient to the at a high speed aerial moving target detection method of the high speed platform based on STAP of the characteristics such as Project Realization.
The high speed platform that the present invention is based on STAP is the technical scheme taked of aerial moving target detection method at a high speed:
Based on the at a high speed aerial moving target detection method of the high speed platform of STAP, include following steps:
(1) the space-time two-dimensional data that phased-array radar received are carried out the Keystone conversion and are proofreaied and correct the clutter range walk;
(2) clutter is walked data after normal moveout correction, according to the data estimation clutter covariance matrix of reference unit;
(3) utilize the inverse matrix of clutter covariance matrix to replace the data that projection matrix multiply by after the Keystone conversion to realize that clutter suppresses;
(4) data transformation after clutter is suppressed is to being that target range is walked about to compensate and prepared apart from frequency domain;
(5) moving-target velocity range aerial according to routine and radar system parameter fuzzy number set of structure in advance
(6) according to bank of filters of fuzzy number set structure;
The bank of filters of (7) data after step 4 processing being constructed by step 6, realize target Range Walk Correction are also carried out the accumulation of conventional space-time two-dimensional wave beam formation realize target to proofreading and correct result.
The at a high speed aerial moving target detection method of high speed platform that the present invention is based on STAP can also be taked following technical scheme:
The at a high speed aerial moving target detection method of described high speed platform based on STAP, be characterized in: each wave filter in bank of filters all comprises a phase compensation term, an IFFT computing and a space-time two-dimensional Beam-former.
The at a high speed aerial moving target detection method of described high speed platform based on STAP, be characterized in: phase compensation term is used for proofreading and correct the range walk of the target corresponding with this fuzzy number.
Advantage and good effect that the present invention has are:
Based on the at a high speed aerial moving target detection method of the high speed platform of STAP owing to having adopted the brand-new technical scheme of the present invention, compared with prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of new method, at first the method utilizes the Keystone conversion to proofread and correct clutter range walk coupled characteristic when improving clutter empty, does like this to be conducive to realize that the effect of clutter suppresses; Data after clutter is suppressed are constructed good bank of filters in advance by one, walk about and compensation result are carried out the space-time two-dimensional accumulation detect according to the different fuzzy number compensation target range corresponding with this fuzzy number.The present invention not only can detect the different multiple goal of fuzzy number simultaneously by parallel processing, and has greatly improved arithmetic speed, is convenient to Project Realization.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the at a high speed aerial moving target detection method of high speed platform is realized block diagram;
Fig. 2 is radar and clutter scattering unit geometric relationship schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the high speed platform clutter schematic diagram of walking about;
Fig. 4 is that clutter is walked momentum and position angle, the angle of pitch concern schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is relatively schematic diagram of objective accumulation effect;
Fig. 6 is relatively schematic diagram of different disposal method improvement factor.
Embodiment
For further understanding summary of the invention of the present invention, Characteristic, hereby exemplify following examples, and coordinate accompanying drawing to be described in detail as follows:
Embodiment 1
With reference to accompanying drawing 1 to Fig. 6.
The at a high speed aerial moving target detection method (KF-STAP method) of high speed platform based on STAP of the present invention is to utilize the at a high speed aerial moving-target testing process of the high speed platform based on STAP shown in Figure 1 to realize, specific practice is as follows:
The first step, the space-time two-dimensional signal that high speed platform phased array early warning radar is received carries out Keystone conversion correction clutter range walk.
Suppose on airborne/Space-borne to place along the course direction
Unit's even linear array, array element distance is
,
Be operation wavelength, emission in a CPI
Individual pulse,
Be
Individual array element is
The second mining sample value of correspondence in individual pulse, the receive data on each range gate can be write one
Matrix
, consider in each pulse recurrence interval along distance to sampling number be
, the receive data of a CPI has formed one
Three-dimensional data matrix.With data matrix
Line up one by row
Column vector, can be designated as
, just formed fast beat of data when empty.During unit to be detected empty, snap (secondary data) can be write as:
Subscript
Be used for respectively distinguishing target, clutter and noise.During reference unit empty, snap (secondary data) can be write as:
Because the Keystone conversion was carried out along fast time and slow time, this process and space dimension (array element dimension) are irrelevant, so all data are carried out the Keystone conversion, namely will carry out respectively the Keystone conversion to the data that all array elements receive.
Geometric relationship between clutter scattering point and radar as shown in Figure 2, generally, when not being very high, the clutter range walk is not considered when the platform movement velocity.But, what the present invention considered is the situation of high speed platform, clutter walk about schematic diagram such as Fig. 3, high-speed motion due to platform, within the relevant processing time, obviously walking about appears in the rang ring corresponding to same Range resolution unit of radar, and the clutter background of different same resolution elements of recurrent interval will change.And because the clutter scattering point of diverse location is different with respect to the movement velocity of platform, therefore corresponding range walk amount is also different, as shown in Figure 4.
When there are range walk in target and clutter, radar are received the base band echoed signal that comprises target and clutter is expressed as:
Wherein
Be a complex constant,
Be
Angle between individual clutter scattering point and antenna phase center,
Be platform speed.When there was doppler ambiguity in target, the Doppler frequency of target was used
(subscript
Expression is without fuzzy) expression,
With fuzzy after Doppler frequency
Following relation is arranged:
Wherein
Be fuzzy number,
Be pulse repetition rate (pulse repetition frequency, PRF),
Result after the Keystone conversion is:
Need to prove that in this process, the clutter range walk has been proofreaied and correct in the Keystone conversion, but only proofreaied and correct the part that target range is walked about: target range is walked momentum from original
Reduce to
, this is to cause because there is doppler ambiguity in target.
Second step utilizes the inverse matrix of clutter covariance matrix to multiply by the data that clutter walks after normal moveout correction and realizes that clutter suppresses.Here the inverse matrix of clutter covariance matrix is used for replacing projection matrix to come clutter reduction, is that computing is simple and has also avoided the On The Choice of exponent number in the projection matrix solution procedure.
Here clutter covariance matrix is that data estimation according to reference unit obtains, and the Keystone conversion was carried out along fast time and slow time dimension, and the clutter range walk of to-be-measured cell and reference unit has been proofreaied and correct in the Keystone conversion simultaneously.If clutter data and the to-be-measured cell of reference unit satisfies the independent same distribution condition before the Keystone conversion, after conversion, this relation remains establishment so.
Can estimate to obtain according to following formula:
Suppose clutter suppress after surplus target component only, this moment, echo signal can be expressed as:
In the 3rd step, the data after clutter is suppressed transform to apart from frequency domain as FFT along fast time dimension, are designated as
The 4th step, moving-target velocity range aerial according to routine and fuzzy number set of radar system parametric configuration
The 5th step is according to the fuzzy number set
, construct a bank of filters, this bank of filters comprises
Parallelism wave filter corresponding to individual and different fuzzy numbers, each wave filter are used for realizing that the target range corresponding with this fuzzy number walked normal moveout correction and the target space-time two-dimensional accumulates.
In the 6th step, the wave filter that the data after the 3rd step was processed were constructed by the 5th step carries out target range and walks normal moveout correction.
Obtain the data after target range is walked normal moveout correction:
Fig. 5 has provided the objective accumulation effect of different disposal method, and wherein three target velocities are divided into 854m/s, 868m/s and 938m/s, and corresponding Doppler frequency (fuzzy rear, normalization) frequency is respectively 0.1,0.2 and 0.7." directly optimal processing " is the objective accumulation effect of directly processing through optimal processor, and " KF+OAP " refers to first carry out Keystone conversion correction target range walk, then carries out objective accumulation effect after optimal processing; " KF-STAP " is the objective accumulation effect after the method for the invention is processed.Can find out that " directly optimal processing " can not accumulate any one target, this is the target range result of walking about and causing just; " KF+OAP " can effectively accumulate target 3, but but can not accumulate target 1 and target 2, this is when having doppler ambiguity due to target, cause clutter ridge broadening in the time of Keystone conversion correction target range walk, target 1 and target 2 are on clutter ridge after broadening, therefore can not be detected; " yet KF-STAP " all can effectively accumulate three targets.
Fig. 6 has compared the improvement factor of different disposal method." ideal situation " feeling the pulse with the finger-tip mark is without the improvement factor curve of the ideally STAP optimal processor of range walk, and it has provided the upper bound of optimum performance, the same Fig. 6 of all the other each curve implications.As can be seen from Figure 6, be in when target velocity
Do not have doppler ambiguity in the time of in scope, first passing through the Keystone conversion this moment can correction target and the range walk of clutter, just then when sky optimal processor process and can reach good performance, as " KF+OAP ".along with the increase of target speed, the impact that target range is walked about becomes greatly gradually, if do not consider that the impact of range walk will cause serious performance loss, as " directly optimal processing ", and along with the increase of objective fuzzy number, the Keystone conversion causes clutter ridge broadening, and therefore serious performance loss appears in " KF+OAP " near main-lobe clutter, and " KF-STAP " can obtain good performance basically in whole interval, and the increase along with fuzzy number, " KF-STAP " performance on main-lobe clutter improves gradually, the increase due to the target velocity fuzzy number this abnormal phenomena appears is, the target range phenomenon that can cause its main lobe broadening of walking about is also just more serious, this just means that only having the target energy of seldom measuring to be taken as interference curbs when carrying out the clutter inhibition, and all the other most of energy are unaffected, accumulate this part energy through follow-up Range Walk Correction and space-time two-dimensional and obtained effective accumulation, thereby can obtain higher gain.
Claims (2)
1. one kind based on the at a high speed aerial moving target detection method of the high speed platform of STAP, and it is characterized in that: moving-target detects and comprises the following steps:
(1) the space-time two-dimensional data that high speed platform phased-array radar received are carried out the Keystone conversion and are proofreaied and correct the clutter range walk;
(2) data after correction clutter range walk are according to the data estimation clutter covariance matrix of reference unit;
(3) utilize the data that the inverse matrix of clutter covariance matrix multiply by after the Keystone conversion to realize that clutter suppresses;
(4) data transformation after clutter is suppressed is to being that target range is walked about to compensate and prepared apart from frequency domain;
(5) fuzzy number set Γ=[F of moving-target velocity range aerial according to routine and radar system parametric configuration
1, F
2..., F
M];
(6) according to bank of filters of fuzzy number set structure;
Each wave filter in bank of filters all comprises a phase compensation term, an IFFT computing and a space-time two-dimensional Beam-former; This bank of filters comprises M the parallelism wave filter corresponding from different fuzzy numbers, and each wave filter is used for realizing that the target range corresponding with this fuzzy number walked normal moveout correction and the target space-time two-dimensional accumulates;
(7) with the bank of filters of the data after step 4 processing by step 6 structure, the realize target Range Walk Correction also carries out space-time two-dimensional wave beam formation realize target to the correction result and accumulates.
2. the at a high speed aerial moving target detection method of the high speed platform based on STAP according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: phase compensation term is used for proofreading and correct the range walk of the target corresponding with this fuzzy number.
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| CN102608587B (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2013-11-27 | 中国民航大学 | Air mobile target detection method based on nonlinear least square |
| CN103412294B (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2015-05-20 | 西安电子科技大学 | Airborne radar space-time three-dimensional clutter suppression method based on double direct product decomposition |
| CN104076343B (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2017-02-15 | 西安电子科技大学 | Satellite-borne three-channel SAR-GMTI self-adaptive clutter suppression method |
| CN104977581A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-10-14 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十六研究所 | Multi-moving target situation awareness method, device and system |
| US10317520B2 (en) | 2016-03-18 | 2019-06-11 | Src, Inc. | Radar system |
| CN106872954B (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2019-07-09 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of hypersonic platform clutter recognition and motive target imaging method |
| CN107092012A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-08-25 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Compensated distance method and apparatus |
| CN109765536B (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2023-04-21 | 西北大学 | FDA-MIMO dimension-reduction space-time adaptive clutter suppression method and device based on auxiliary channel |
| CN113253230B (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2022-04-26 | 上海交通大学 | Sub-aperture processing-based space-based early warning radar aerial moving target detection method and system |
| CN113466797B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2023-04-28 | 电子科技大学 | Double-base SAR space-time clutter suppression method based on clutter ridge matching sparse recovery |
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