CN102721826A - Speed testing device and method of non-spliced large-target surface laser light screen - Google Patents
Speed testing device and method of non-spliced large-target surface laser light screen Download PDFInfo
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- CN102721826A CN102721826A CN2012102055476A CN201210205547A CN102721826A CN 102721826 A CN102721826 A CN 102721826A CN 2012102055476 A CN2012102055476 A CN 2012102055476A CN 201210205547 A CN201210205547 A CN 201210205547A CN 102721826 A CN102721826 A CN 102721826A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a speed testing device of a non-spliced large-target surface laser light screen. A set of linear laser light source is adopted for producing the larger-target surface laser light screen with 90-degree coverage, so that the splicing of the light screen can be avoided; a retroreflector with a serrated structure is adopted as a reflection cooperative target, so that the laser reflectivity in each region is improved and the signal response of a shot when the shot flies across all the regions of the large-area light screen can be ensured; a spherical surface reflecting mirror with a laser emergent hole is obliquely arranged before a laser (namely, a light axis of the spherical surface reflecting mirror and an emergent light axis of the laser form an angle), so that a circular arc-shaped light spot is formed by convergence; a three-section type structure or a circular arc structure is adopted for being connected with a spliced light-sensitive tube array in parallel, so that light transmitting and receiving integrated photoelectric detection of the large-target surface laser light screen with the 90-degree coverage can be realized; and by adopting a maximum negative slope point seeking algorithm, the timing time when the shot flies across the two light screens can be precisely determined, and the more precise speed of the shot can be further obtained.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to photoelectric detection technology field, relate to a kind of non-splice type big target surface laser light curtain velocity of shot sniffer and detection method.
Background technology
Velocity of shot is important content in the various parameters of armament systems.The method that domestic and international bullet tests the speed has a lot, and wherein district's section velocimetry is one of topmost method.The concrete structure of zone-block device generally is divided into two big types of contact target and noncontact targets, contacts break-make target in the target and is abutted against and touches measurement, and bullet speed and flight attitude are had considerable influence, influences measuring accuracy.The noncontact target has coil target, sound target, canopy of the heavens target and light curtain target, but the material to tested bullet has specific (special) requirements when using coil target, and this target is subject to the influence of magnetic field intensity; The sound target is for the moving object that is lower than sonic flight energy measurement not; Canopy of the heavens target is inappropriate at night and rainy day and uses; The light curtain target velocity measuring technique has remarkable superiority because of high, contactless, the weatherproof characteristics of its rate accuracy in the velocity of shot test.Different according to the light source that adopts, light curtain target is divided into laser light curtain target and LED light curtain target again, because the led light source diversity is strong, energy is not concentrated, is difficult to realize the test of big target surface velocity of shot.Laser light curtain target adopts laser as light source, unique advantage aspect big target surface detection, but existing laser target methods that adopt the splicing of light curtain when target surface is surveyed greatly are difficult to realize seamless spliced and the coplane splicing more, light path adjustment difficulty, working service inconvenience.
Summary of the invention
Given this, the invention provides the big target surface laser light curtain of a kind of non-splicing velocity test device and method, can solve and adopt the seamless spliced problem that is difficult to that light curtain joining method causes when big target surface is surveyed.
The big target surface laser light curtain of a kind of non-splicing of the present invention velocity test device; Comprise startup light curtain, stop light curtain and test module; Said startup light curtain with stop the light curtain and place perpendicular to the trajectory line parallel to each other; Start the light curtain and stop the light curtain and have identical structure, include former to reflection unit, laser instrument, spherical reflector and detector, wherein:
Saidly formerly comprise two mutually perpendicular supporting surfaces and a plurality of radiation shield to reflection unit; Said laser instrument be for producing the laser instrument of line laser of the 90 degree angles of divergence, and laser instrument is placed on cornerwise end points corresponding with two supporting surface intersection points, and the optical axis of laser instrument overlaps with this diagonal line;
On two said supporting surfaces a plurality of radiation shields are set all, each said radiation shield and its place supporting surface angulation satisfy: all laser beams that incide this radiation shield with respect to the incident angle of radiation shield smaller or equal to 5 °; The size of each said radiation shield satisfies: each radiation shield receives the interior laser beam of 10 degree scopes of its position at most; The radiation shield of arranging on each supporting surface forms lighttight broached-tooth design, and laser beam is reflected back after inciding on this broached-tooth design again, forms laser light curtain;
Said radiation shield surface is laid former in reflecting material;
The circle centre position of said spherical reflector has a light hole, and the light hole of laser instrument is fitted from the light hole of the convex surface direction of spherical reflector and spherical reflector, and the optical axis of spherical reflector and laser light curtain coplane not;
Said detector is placed on the focus of spherical reflector, is used to receive the laser beam of being assembled by spherical reflector, and the output terminal of detector links to each other with test module; The focus of said spherical reflector for by the former laser beam that reflects to reflection unit again through the convergent point of spheric reflection mirror reflection;
Said test module goes out the entering moment T1 of bullet according to the signal extraction that comes the detector of self-starting light curtain; Go out the T2 constantly that flies out of bullet according to signal extraction from the detector that stops the light curtain; And then, promptly test out the flying speed of bullet with starting the light curtain and stopping distance between the light curtain divided by (T2-T1).
The radiation shield of said two supporting surface junctions adopts the arc-shaped concave radiation shield of intersection as center.
Said detector comprises the pedestal and 3 photosensitive tubes that are layed in pedestal of circular arc, and the initial and end overlap joint of two adjacent photosensitive tubes makes photosensitive tube cover the whole arc surface of pedestal, exports test module to after all photosensitive tube signal output interface parallel connections; The convex surface of pedestal is towards spherical reflector, and the central point of pedestal overlaps with the focus of spherical reflector; The circular arc type surface of said pedestal processes according to the shape and the size of the former laser facula that reflects to reflection unit, makes detector receive laser facula fully.
Said detector comprises the pedestal and a plurality of photosensitive tubes that are layed in pedestal of circular arc, and photosensitive tube covers the arc surface of whole pedestal along said pedestal compact arrangement, exports test module to after all photosensitive tube signal output interface parallel connections; The convex surface of pedestal is towards spherical reflector, and the central point of pedestal overlaps with the focus of spherical reflector; The circular arc type surface of said pedestal processes according to the shape and the size of the former laser facula that reflects to reflection unit, makes detector receive laser facula fully.
The optical axis of said spherical reflector becomes the α angle to satisfy relational expression with laser light curtain:
f be that spherical mirror focal length, L are that width, the H of detector is the thickness of the laser launched of laser instrument.
A kind of method of testing of the present invention based on the described proving installation of claim 1; Concrete grammar is: bullet successively passes and starts the light curtain and stop the light curtain; To carry out differential from the time-domain signal data that start the laser that the light curtain receives and handle, and find the pairing moment t1 of maximum negative slope point; To carry out differential from the time-domain signal data that stop the laser that the light curtain receives and handle, and find the pairing moment t2 of maximum negative slope point; Obtain the time interval of bullet through two laser light curtains then: Δ t=t2-t1 again according to the range S of two light curtains, calculates velocity of shot v=S/ Δ t.
The big target surface laser light curtain of a kind of non-splicing provided by the invention velocity test device and method has following beneficial effect:
1) adopts a cover word line LASER Light Source to produce the big target surface laser light curtain of 90 ° of coverages, avoid the splicing of light curtain;
2) adopt " sawtooth " type structure former to reflection unit as the reflection cooperative target, improve each regional laser reflectivity, guarantee the signal response when projectile flight passes through each zone of large tracts of land light curtain;
2) adopt the spherical reflector have the laser emitting hole be inclined in (be spherical reflector optical axis and laser instrument emergent light axis at angle) before the laser instrument, assemble formation one circular arc type hot spot; Adopt " syllogic " structure or circular arc type structure parallel connection splicing photosensitive tube array, realize receiving integrated Photoelectric Detection based on the light emission of 90 ° of big target surface laser light curtains of coverage.
3) through adopting maximum negative slope point finding algorithm, accurately confirm the timer time when projectile flight passes through two light curtains, thereby obtain more accurate velocity of shot.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the big target surface laser light curtain of a kind of non-splicing of the present invention velocity test device;
Fig. 2 is the relative position synoptic diagram of laser instrument, spherical reflector and the detector of the big target surface laser light curtain of a kind of non-splicing of the present invention velocity test device;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of a kind of detector among the embodiment of the big target surface laser light curtain of a kind of non-splicing of the present invention velocity test device;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of another kind of detector among the embodiment of the big target surface laser light curtain of a kind of non-splicing of the present invention velocity test device;
Fig. 5 is the time-domain curve of the laser signal that receives in the big target surface laser light curtain of a kind of non-splicing of the present invention velocity test method;
Fig. 6 is the curve after the laser signal process differential processing that receives in the big target surface laser light curtain of a kind of non-splicing of the present invention velocity test method;
Fig. 7 is the one-piece construction synoptic diagram of the big target surface laser light curtain of a kind of non-splicing of the present invention velocity test device.
Wherein, 1-supporting surface, 2-laser instrument, 3-radiation shield, 4-concave reflection screen, 5-laser light curtain, 6-light hole, 7-spherical reflector, 8-circular arc end face, 9-detector, 10-pedestal, 11-photosensitive tube, I-startup light curtain, II-stop light curtain.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing embodiment that develops simultaneously, describe the present invention.
The invention provides the big target surface laser light curtain of a kind of non-splicing velocity test device; As shown in Figure 7; Comprise starting light curtain I, stopping light curtain II and test module, start light curtain I and stop light curtain II and place perpendicular to the trajectory line parallel to each other, start light curtain I and stop light curtain II and have identical structure; Include formerly in reflection unit, laser instrument 2, spherical reflector 7 and detector 9, wherein laser instrument 2 is for expanding the laser line generator that bundle can produce the 90 degree angles of divergence through one dimension; Formerly comprise two mutually perpendicular supporting surfaces 1 and radiation shield 3 to reflection unit; Laser instrument 2 is placed on cornerwise end points corresponding with two supporting surface 1 intersection points, and the optical axis of laser instrument 2 overlaps with this diagonal line.
Integrated in order to realize that Laser emission receives, the angled radiation shield 3 of fixing a plurality of and supporting surface 1 forms lighttight " sawtooth " structure, and radiation shield 3 surface layings is former in reflecting material on two mutually perpendicular supporting surfaces 1.
The laser incident that 90 degree of laser instrument 2 outgoing are dispersed should " sawtooth " structure be reflected back again, forms laser light curtain 5.
Former to reflection unit as the reflection cooperative target; Radiation shield 3 is arranged to different " sawtooth " shape of slope; Be in order to mate the incident direction of laser incidence reflection screen 3 under the big target surface situation; Reduce former laser incident angle as far as possible, effectively strengthen the retroeflection coefficient, thereby in the zone of whole laser light curtain 5, obtain high sensitivity to reflection unit.
It is former for incident laser can be realized to reflection; Require laser beam on each radiation shield 3 in 5 on incident laser light curtain with respect to the incident angle of radiation shield 3 smaller or equal to 5 °, and the size of each radiation shield 3 will satisfy the laser beam that can receive at most in the 10 ° of scopes in its position.In the enforcement; What or density that radiation shield 3 in " sawtooth " structure is provided with; Relevant with the size of laser light curtain 5: the area of laser light curtain 5 is more little, and laser beam can be widened with respect to the incident angle scope of radiation shield 3 gradually, and the density that radiation shield 3 is provided with also reduces; When laser light curtain 5 is little of to a certain degree, such as desire is when realizing the target surface of 0.5m * 0.5m, do not have the angle of inclination between radiation shield 3 and the place supporting surface 1, promptly parallel to each other getting final product.
In the enforcement, near the light path the diagonal line of two supporting surfaces 1 is the longest, in order to strengthen the detection sensitivity of diagonal line summit near zone; As shown in Figure 1; The radiation shield 3 at the place, diagonal line summit of two supporting surfaces 1 can be arranged to oblique line, and promptly the mid point of this radiation shield 3 is vertical with diagonal line, and also can be designed to the intersection point of two supporting surfaces 1 is the arc-shaped concave radiation shield 4 in the center of circle; What can be similar to the laser beam realization of incident thus is former in reflection, reaches best detection effect.
The circle centre position of spherical reflector 7 is provided with a light hole 6, and the light hole of laser instrument 2 is fitted from the light hole 6 of the convex surface direction of spherical reflector 7 and spherical reflector 7, and is as shown in Figure 2, and the optical axis of spherical reflector 7 and laser light curtain 5 coplane not.
Spherical reflector 7 will be assembled by the former laser that reflects to reflection unit; Make laser convergence on the focus of spherical reflector 7; The detector that is provided with on the focus again 9 receives and detects, and according to former former in reflection characteristic to reflecting material, is not to be that strict " former to " returns; But have certain dispersing; For the line laser bundle, the focused light spot of reflector laser is that former on the radiation shield 3 returns the stack of hot spot to the each point of reflecting material at the light hole place, and the reflective light intensity of each point is dispersed in certain facula area.Area is big when the district of effective laser light curtain 5, and during 2 distance of radiation shield 3 and laser instrument, the light beam that reflects becomes the hot spot of large-size, after spherical reflector 7 reflections are assembled, is imaged as the arc line type focused light spot.The present invention can adopt a size of the prior art bar shaped photosensitive tube or the photosensitive tube array suitable with focused light spot to receive detection as detector 9, but because hot spot is an arc line type, and detector 9 can influence the detection effect for the words on plane; Thus; In the present embodiment, the end face of the pedestal 10 of detector 9 is processed into circular arc end face 8 according to the shape and the size of the laser facula that reflects, circular arc end face 8 is towards spherical reflector 7; As shown in Figure 3; In order to make photosensitive tube 11 cover whole circular arc end face 8, and obtain good reception, use three segment length's stripe shape photosensitive tubes (or photosensitive tube array) to be laid on the circular arc end face 8; And make the initial and end overlap joint of two adjacent photosensitive tubes 11; The receiving plane rounded of 3 photosensitive tubes 11, and the seamless reception of assurance laser facula export test module to after the photosensitive tube 11 signal output interface parallel connections.
The receiving plane that is overlapped to form owing to 3 photosensitive tubes 11 is not the camber line shape of a strictness; Still do not reach best detection effect, therefore adopt along circular arc end face 8 compact arrangement successively with a plurality of single photosensitive tubes 11 (each photosurface area is very little, like 3mm * 4mm or littler); Form lighttight receiving trap; Guarantee that each photosensitive tube 11 all is positioned at the along of hot spot, can obtain the optimum reception effect, as shown in Figure 4.
The bright dipping of not blocking laser instrument 2 for the position that detector 9 is put; Plane, the centre symmetry line of the circular arc end face of pedestal 10 place should with 5 one-tenth 2 α angles of laser light curtain, relational expression should be satisfied in the α angle:
f is that spherical mirror focal length, L are that width, the H of detector 9 is the thickness of the laser light curtain 5 launched of laser instrument 2.Yet along with the increase at α angle, image quality can variation, so select the angle of inclination of α+2 ° to get final product in the actual engineering.
At last; Test module goes out the entering moment T1 of bullet according to the signal extraction that comes the photosensitive tube 11 of self-starting light curtain I; Go out the T2 constantly that flies out of bullet according to signal extraction from the photosensitive tube 11 that stops light curtain II; And then, promptly test out the flying speed of bullet with starting light curtain I and stopping distance between the light curtain II divided by (T2-T1).
The present invention also provides a kind of velocity test method based on said apparatus, when projectile flight passes startup light curtain I respectively and stops light curtain II, and difference stop portions light; The luminous flux that changes obtains bullet respectively through the time-domain signal 18 of startup light curtain I with through stopping the time-domain signal 19 of light curtain II after test module receives and handles, as shown in Figure 5; As shown in Figure 6; The target signal excessively of bullet is the variation that projectile flight passes through the amount of being in the light in the light curtain process, because the projectile tail of bullet is precipitous, therefore; Along precipitous, produce the maximum point of a slope variation behind the waveform of time-domain signal.Shown in last figure among Fig. 6, will receive bullet and cross target time-domain signal 18 and carry out differential and handle from starting light curtain I, obtain the signal 20 among Fig. 6, and find the pairing moment t1 of maximum negative slope point of signal 20; To cross target time-domain signal 19 and carry out differential and handle from stopping bullet that light curtain II receives, and obtain the signal 21 among Fig. 6, and find the pairing moment t2 of maximum negative slope point of signal 21; Obtain the time interval of bullet then: Δ t=t2-t1 through two laser light curtains 5; Again according to the range S of two light curtains; Calculate velocity of shot v=S/ Δ t; Owing to can confirm more accurately that through this method bullet flies over the moment of two light curtains, therefore finally can access more accurate projectile flight speed.
In sum, more than being merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not to be used to limit protection scope of the present invention.All within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the big target surface laser light curtain of non-splicing velocity test device; It is characterized in that; This device comprises and starts the light curtain, stops light curtain and test module, said startup light curtain with stop the light curtain and place perpendicular to the trajectory line parallel to each other, start the light curtain and stop the light curtain and have identical structure; Include former to reflection unit, laser instrument (2), spherical reflector (7) and detector (9), wherein:
Saidly formerly comprise two mutually perpendicular supporting surfaces (1) and a plurality of radiation shield (3) to reflection unit; Said laser instrument (2) is the laser instrument that can produce the line laser of the 90 degree angles of divergence, and laser instrument (2) is placed on cornerwise end points corresponding with two supporting surfaces (1) intersection point, and the optical axis of laser instrument (2) overlaps with this diagonal line;
A plurality of radiation shields (3) all are set on two said supporting surfaces (1), and each said radiation shield (3) and its place supporting surface (1) angulation satisfy: all laser beams that incide this radiation shield (3) with respect to the incident angle of radiation shield (3) smaller or equal to 5 °; The size of each said radiation shield (3) satisfies: each radiation shield (3) receives the interior laser beam of 10 degree scopes of its position at most; Each supporting surface (1) is gone up the radiation shield of arranging (3) and is formed lighttight broached-tooth design, and laser beam is reflected back after inciding on this broached-tooth design again, forms laser light curtain (5);
Said radiation shield (3) surface is laid former in reflecting material;
The circle centre position of said spherical reflector (7) has a light hole (6); The light hole of laser instrument (2) is fitted from the light hole (6) of the convex surface direction of spherical reflector (7) and spherical reflector (7), and the optical axis of spherical reflector (7) and laser light curtain (5) coplane not;
Said detector (9) is placed on the focus of spherical reflector (7), is used for receiving the laser beam of being assembled by spherical reflector (7), and the output terminal of detector (9) links to each other with test module; The convergent point of the focus of said spherical reflector (7) for reflecting through spherical reflector (7) again by the former laser beam that reflects to reflection unit;
Said test module goes out the entering moment T1 of bullet according to the signal extraction that comes the detector (9) of self-starting light curtain; Go out the T2 constantly that flies out of bullet according to signal extraction from the detector that stops the light curtain (9); And then, promptly test out the flying speed of bullet with starting the light curtain and stopping distance between the light curtain divided by (T2-T1).
2. the big target surface laser light curtain of a kind of non-splicing as claimed in claim 1 velocity test device is characterized in that, the radiation shield (3) of said two supporting surfaces (1) junction adopts the arc-shaped concave radiation shield (4) of intersection as center.
3. the big target surface laser light curtain of a kind of non-splicing as claimed in claim 1 velocity test device; It is characterized in that; Said detector (9) comprises the pedestal (10) of circular arc and is layed in 3 photosensitive tubes (11) of pedestal (10); The initial and end overlap joint of two adjacent photosensitive tubes (11) makes photosensitive tube (11) cover the whole arc surface of pedestal (10), exports test module to after all photosensitive tubes (11) signal output interface parallel connection; The convex surface of pedestal (10) is towards spherical reflector (7), and the central point of pedestal (10) overlaps with the focus of spherical reflector (7); The circular arc type surface of said pedestal (10) processes according to the shape and the size of the former laser facula that reflects to reflection unit, makes detector (9) receive laser facula fully.
4. the big target surface laser light curtain of a kind of non-splicing as claimed in claim 1 velocity test device; It is characterized in that; Said detector (9) comprises the pedestal (10) of circular arc and is layed in a plurality of photosensitive tubes (11) of pedestal (10); Photosensitive tube (11) covers the arc surface of whole pedestal (10) along said pedestal (10) compact arrangement, exports test module to after all photosensitive tubes (11) signal output interface parallel connection; The convex surface of pedestal (10) is towards spherical reflector (7), and the central point of pedestal (10) overlaps with the focus of spherical reflector (7); The circular arc type surface of said pedestal (10) processes according to the shape and the size of the former laser facula that reflects to reflection unit, makes detector (9) receive laser facula fully.
5. the big target surface laser light curtain of a kind of non-splicing as claimed in claim 3 velocity test device; It is characterized in that, the optical axis of spherical reflector (7) and laser light curtain (5) become the α angle to satisfy relational expression:
f is that spherical mirror focal length, L are that width, the H of detector (9) is the thickness of the laser launched of laser instrument (2).
6. method of testing based on the described proving installation of claim 1; It is characterized in that; Bullet successively passes and starts the light curtain and stop the light curtain, will carry out differential from the time-domain signal data that start the laser that the light curtain receives and handle, and find the pairing moment t1 of maximum negative slope point; To carry out differential from the time-domain signal data that stop the laser that the light curtain receives and handle, and find the pairing moment t2 of maximum negative slope point; Obtain the time interval of bullet through two laser light curtains (5) then: Δ t=t2-t1 again according to the range S of two light curtains, calculates velocity of shot v=S/ Δ t.
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| CN104655016A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-05-27 | 中北大学 | Projectile target hitting coordinate testing method based on retro-reflection type laser curtain |
| CN104655016B (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2017-10-27 | 中北大学 | A kind of pill impacting coordinate method of testing based on laser retroreflector formula light curtain |
| CN105319386A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2016-02-10 | 中北大学 | Method and device of active speed measurement on the basis of modulated laser |
| CN105319386B (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2019-01-25 | 中北大学 | A kind of active speed-measuring method and speed measuring device based on modulation laser |
| CN104991084B (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2018-03-23 | 中国航空工业集团公司上海航空测控技术研究所 | A kind of High-velocity Projectiles speed measuring device |
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| CN106199053B (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2018-12-11 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of light-gas gun grade projectile-velotity detecting system |
| CN106199053A (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2016-12-07 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of light-gas gun grade projectile-velotity detecting system |
| CN106996717A (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2017-08-01 | 西安工业大学 | Bullet detection light proscenia based on speculum principle |
| CN110441200A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2019-11-12 | 长沙青波光电科技有限公司 | A kind of laser measuring device for measuring |
| CN110441200B (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2022-07-15 | 长沙青波光电科技有限公司 | Laser measuring device |
| CN109682356A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-04-26 | 成都大亦科技有限公司 | Automatic measurement mechanism based on laser datum face |
| CN109682356B (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2024-03-22 | 成都大亦科技有限公司 | Automatic measuring device based on laser reference plane |
| CN111024987A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-04-17 | 内蒙古北方重工业集团有限公司 | Device for enlarging light curtain area based on spherical reflection and using method thereof |
| CN113189363A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-07-30 | 中北大学 | Active projectile speed testing device based on photoelectric migration technology |
| CN114324967A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-04-12 | 西安快舟测控技术有限公司 | Flying target detection device and detection method |
| CN114324967B (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2024-04-12 | 西安快舟测控技术有限公司 | Flying target detection target device and detection method |
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