CN102719701A - Free-cutting titanium alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Free-cutting titanium alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102719701A CN102719701A CN2012102357014A CN201210235701A CN102719701A CN 102719701 A CN102719701 A CN 102719701A CN 2012102357014 A CN2012102357014 A CN 2012102357014A CN 201210235701 A CN201210235701 A CN 201210235701A CN 102719701 A CN102719701 A CN 102719701A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a free-cutting titanium alloy and a preparation method thereof. The titanium alloy comprises titanium, carbon, iron, nitrogen, hydrogen, aluminum, vanadium, oxygen and rare-earth elements and is also added with free-cutting components such as bismuth, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus, nickel, sulfur and the like. The titanium alloy provided by the invention has excellent free-cutting performance, ensures good fatigue strength and hot workability and does not contain heavy metal; and the preparation method is simple and feasible and can be used for producing a wire or bar with good cutting and processing performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal material field, relate in particular to a kind of easy cutting titanium alloy and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Titanium or titanium alloy is the important strategic metallic substance because its excellent performance is described as " space metal " and " marine metal " by people.Titanium metallurgy and processing technology are new and high technologies, and the titanyl compound chemical potential is low, and is highly stable, and it is reduced to very difficulty of metal.At present, the leading technology of Titanium Sponge 40-60 mesh production is the magnesium chloride reduction method, and promptly rich titanium material also will be through the electrolysis of supporting magnesium chloride through chlorination → refining → also steamings → finishing procedure obtains Titanium Sponge 40-60 mesh, and realization magnesium, chlorine closed cycle are the metallurgical systems of a complicacy.The fusing point of metal titanium is high, and alloy system is complicated, and the processing warm area is narrow, resistance to deformation is big, needs the preparation of the processing material that many special processing technologies and specific equipment carry out titanium or titanium alloy.
The general relatively steel alloy of titanium alloy has the following advantages: (1) specific tenacity is high: titanium alloy density has only 4.5g/cm
3, much littler than iron, and its intensity and plain carbon stool are close.(2) good mechanical property: the titanium alloy fusing point is 1660 ℃, and is higher than iron, has higher hot strength, can work below 550 ℃, demonstrates toughness preferably simultaneously at low temperatures usually.(3) erosion resistance is good: be prone to form fine and close sull at titanium alloy surface below 550 ℃, so be not easy by further oxidation atmosphere, seawater, steam and number acid, alkali, salt medium are all had higher resistance to corrosion.Though titanium alloy is compared other metal or alloy performances than more excellent, cutting of Ti Alloy property is poor.Major cause is: (1) poor thermal conductivity, and cause cutting temperature very high, reduced tool life.During temperature, the surface forms the oxidation hard formation more than (2) 600 ℃, and tool setting has the intensive abrasive action.(3) plasticity is low, hardness is high, and the angle of shear is increased, and smear metal and rake face contact length are very little, and the rake face upper stress is very big, and blade is prone to take place damaged.(4) Young's modulus is low, and recoverable deformation is big, and is big near knife face place, back workpiece surface springback capacity, so machined surface is big with the contact area of back knife face, and serious wear.These characteristics in the titanium alloy working angles make its processing become very difficult, cause working (machining) efficiency low, and cutter consumption is big.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the titanium alloy material that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of excellent cutting performance, easy processing; Another one purpose of the present invention provides the preparation method of above-mentioned materials.
Technical scheme: in order to realize the foregoing invention purpose, a kind of easy cutting titanium alloy of the present invention reaches by weight percentage and comprises following component:
Carbon: 0 ~ 0.05%;
Iron: 0.001 ~ 2.0%;
Nitrogen: 0 ~ 0.05%;
Hydrogen: 0 ~ 0.005%;
Aluminium: 2.0 ~ 7.5%;
Vanadium: 1.5 ~ 6.5%;
Oxygen: 0 ~ 0.40%;
Plumbous: 0 ~ 0.001%;
REE: 0.001 ~ 5.0%;
Except that said components, said titanium alloy also comprises following component by weight percentage:
Bismuth: 0.01 ~ 3.0%;
Selenium: 0.001 ~ 5.0%;
Tellurium: 0.001 ~ 5.0%;
Phosphorus: 0.01 ~ 2.0%;
Nickel: 0 ~ 3.0%;
Sulphur: 0 ~ 2.0%;
All the other are titanium and unavoidable impurities.
Bismuth, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus, nickel, sulphur all belong to easy cutting element among the present invention.Being added with of these elements is beneficial to free-cutting machinability and the processing characteristics that improves titanium alloy.Being added with of said selenium and tellurium is beneficial to easy cutting and the machinability that improves titanium alloy.In order to reach this purpose, the addition of element must be controlled at more than 0.001%.But when total amount was excessive, the hot workability of titanium alloy significantly descended.Therefore, take all factors into consideration, two kinds of elements divide other addition not surpass 5%, and the total amount of two kinds of elements also should be controlled in 5%.Bismuth is to improve one of important element of machinability as the inherent thing of low melting point metal.
Bismuth can exist singly or and sulfide be present in the outside surface of sulfide type inclusion particulate together with the form of coherent substance, can improve machinability.But the content of bismuth should be controlled at certain scope; Because excessive bismuth can not be dissolved in the titanium alloy fully; Its cutting effect does not increase without limitation along with the increase of bi content after reaching capacity, and opposite excessive bismuth can form defective, causes hot workability to descend.Find that after deliberation it is 0.01% ~ 3% comparatively reasonable that the content of bismuth is controlled at.
A phosphorus part is dissolved in the tellurium with the form of sosoloid, and the sosoloid of formation can reduce the ductility and the flexibility of matrix to a certain extent; The tissue of the phosphorus of remainder in titanium then can improve machinability and machinability mutually.But the independent interpolation of phosphoric can reduce hot workability and fatigue strength significantly, thus phosphoric should with sulphur, nickel element in at least aly add simultaneously.When phosphorus content is lower than 0.01%, is dissolved in the sosoloid of the phosphorus in the titanium matrix or all can not improves its machinability preferably mutually.On the other hand, when the content of phosphorus was higher than 2%, phosphorus had formed relatively poor tissue or phase on the contrary in matrix, though the machinability influence is little, hot workability and fatigue strength obviously descend.
When sulphur and phosphoric add fashionablely together, the interior tissue when having improved independent adding phosphorus, fatigue strength and hot workability also improve when only adding phosphorus.When the content of sulphur is lower than 0.01%, can not improves tissue or phase that phosphorus forms preferably in titanium, thereby can not well improve its fatigue strength and hot workability; When the content of sulphur was higher than 2%, the inherence tissue that forms in the titanium had reduced hot workability and fatigue strength on the contrary to a certain extent along with the content increase granularity of sulphur also increases.So should the content of sulphur be controlled at 0.01 ~ 2%, more excellent scope is 0.08 ~ 1%.In addition, when the ratio of p and s changed, the granularity of formative tissue also changed thereupon, found that after deliberation ratio should be controlled at 1:2 in the scope of 2:1 preferably.
Nickel and phosphoric add fatigue strength and the hot workability in the time of also improving independent adding phosphorus simultaneously, in addition, can form intermetallic compound between nickel and the titanium, can effectively improve the free-cutting machinability of titanium alloy.When the content of nickel is lower than 0.01%, can not improve the tissue topography of inherent thing significantly, do not reach the purpose that this improves fatigue strength and hot workability; When the content of nickel was higher than 3%, the size of the intermetallic compound that forms between nickel and the nickel also increased, thereby had reduced ductility and flexibility, had also reduced hot workability and fatigue strength simultaneously.
The present invention is also through adding the α phase stable element of aluminium as titanium; Vanadium and iron are as the β of titanium stable element mutually, and the reasonable interpolation of hydrogen can further improve the weave construction of titanium alloy, and the interpolation of nitrogen can form the hard nitride with titanium; Play the effect of crystal grain thinning, thereby further improve cutting ability.
Though plumbous than improving machinability, from the factor of environmental protection, the plumbous add-on of the present invention is 0 ~ 0.001%.
As further optimization of the present invention, said titanium alloy reaches by weight percentage and comprises following component:
Carbon: 0 ~ 0.03%;
Iron: 0.001 ~ 1.5%;
Nitrogen: 0 ~ 0.01%;
Hydrogen: 0 ~ 0.003%;
Aluminium: 2.0 ~ 6.5%;
Vanadium: 1.5 ~ 5.5%;
Oxygen: 0 ~ 0.30%;
REE: 0.001 ~ 4.0%;
Except that said components, said titanium alloy also comprises following component by weight percentage:
Bismuth: 0.01 ~ 3.0%;
Selenium: 0.001 ~ 5.0%;
Tellurium: 0.001 ~ 5.0%;
Phosphorus: 0.01 ~ 2.0%;
Nickel: 0.01 ~ 3.0%;
Sulphur: 0.01 ~ 2.0%;
All the other are titanium and unavoidable impurities.
Said REE comprises any one or multiple combination of scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, group of the lanthanides.REE can produce stable compound with sulphur, selenium, tellurium, improves the free-cutting machinability of titanium alloy.But when the amount of REE was too high, the intensity of titanium alloy and erosion resistance all can reduce.
The preparation method of easy cutting titanium alloy of the present invention comprises: Titanium Sponge 40-60 mesh, master alloy are prepared into electrode block and in the vacuum plasma case, are welded into vacuum consumable electrode, and vacuum consumable smelting is processed ingot casting, ingot casting is at high temperature forged obtain titanium alloy forging.
Titan alloy casting ingot of the present invention forges at 1100 ~ 1200 degrees centigrade.As preferred version of the present invention, said forging temperature is 1150 degrees centigrade.
Beneficial effect: a kind of easy cutting titanium alloy of the present invention and preparation method thereof provides a kind of free cutting property remarkable titanium alloy; Guarantee good fatigue strength and hot workability simultaneously; Do not contain heavy metal; Its preparation method simple possible can be produced the cutting and the wire rod or the bar of good processability.
Embodiment
Here must be noted that, following examples if no special instructions, its per-cent is all represented mass percent.
Embodiment 1
Titanium Sponge 40-60 mesh, various master alloy are prepared into electrode block by the composition proportion of table 1, and electrode block is welded into vacuum consumable electrode in the vacuum plasma case, carries out vacuum consumable smelting then and processes ingot casting.Ingot casting forges about 1150 ℃, forges the back is rolled into φ 9mm at last on milling train titanium alloy rod bar in the middle of advancing, and rolling temperature is greatly about about 830 ℃.
Table 1
Wherein, REM representes the REE of scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, group of the lanthanides.
Embodiment 2
Titanium Sponge 40-60 mesh, various master alloy are prepared into electrode block by the composition proportion of table 2, and electrode block is welded into vacuum consumable electrode in the vacuum plasma case, carries out vacuum consumable smelting then and processes ingot casting.Ingot casting forges about 1150 ℃, forges the back is rolled into φ 9mm at last on milling train titanium alloy rod bar in the middle of advancing, and rolling temperature is greatly about about 850 ℃.
Table 2
Wherein, REM representes the REE of scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, group of the lanthanides.
Embodiment 3
Titanium Sponge 40-60 mesh, various master alloy are prepared into electrode block by the composition proportion of table 3, and electrode block is welded into vacuum consumable electrode in the vacuum plasma case, carries out vacuum consumable smelting then and processes ingot casting.Ingot casting forges about 1150 ℃, forges the back is rolled into φ 9mm at last on milling train titanium alloy rod bar in the middle of advancing, and rolling temperature is greatly about about 870 ℃.
Table 3
Wherein, REM representes the REE of scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, group of the lanthanides.
Embodiment 4
Titanium Sponge 40-60 mesh, various master alloy are prepared into electrode block by the composition proportion of table 4, and electrode block is welded into vacuum consumable electrode in the vacuum plasma case, carries out vacuum consumable smelting then and processes ingot casting.Ingot casting forges about 1150 ℃, forges the back is rolled into φ 9mm at last on milling train titanium alloy rod bar in the middle of advancing, and rolling temperature is greatly about about 850 ℃.
Table 4
Wherein, REM representes the REE of scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, group of the lanthanides.
Embodiment 5
Titanium Sponge 40-60 mesh, various master alloy are prepared into electrode block by the composition proportion of table 5, and electrode block is welded into vacuum consumable electrode in the vacuum plasma case, carries out vacuum consumable smelting then and processes ingot casting.Ingot casting forges about 1150 ℃, forges the back is rolled into φ 9mm at last on milling train titanium alloy rod bar in the middle of advancing, and rolling temperature is greatly about about 890 ℃.
Table 5
Wherein, REM representes the REE of scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, group of the lanthanides.
Embodiment 6
Titanium Sponge 40-60 mesh, various master alloy are prepared into electrode block by the composition proportion of table 6, and electrode block is welded into vacuum consumable electrode in the vacuum plasma case, carries out vacuum consumable smelting then and processes ingot casting.Ingot casting forges about 1100 ℃, forges the back is rolled into φ 9mm at last on milling train titanium alloy rod bar in the middle of advancing, and rolling temperature is greatly about about 850 ℃.
Table 6
Wherein, REM representes the REE of scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, group of the lanthanides.
Embodiment 7
Titanium Sponge 40-60 mesh, various master alloy are prepared into electrode block by the composition proportion of table 7, and electrode block is welded into vacuum consumable electrode in the vacuum plasma case, carries out vacuum consumable smelting then and processes ingot casting.Ingot casting forges about 1200 ℃, forges the back is rolled into φ 9mm at last on milling train titanium alloy rod bar in the middle of advancing, and rolling temperature is greatly about about 870 ℃.
Table 7
Wherein, REM representes the REE of scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, group of the lanthanides.
Embodiment 8
Titanium Sponge 40-60 mesh, various master alloy are prepared into electrode block by the composition proportion of table 8, and electrode block is welded into vacuum consumable electrode in the vacuum plasma case, carries out vacuum consumable smelting then and processes ingot casting.Ingot casting forges about 1150 ℃, forges the back is rolled into φ 9mm at last on milling train titanium alloy rod bar in the middle of advancing, and rolling temperature is greatly about about 850 ℃.
Table 8
Wherein, REM representes the REE of scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, group of the lanthanides.
Comparative Examples 1
To adopt ordinary method to be prepared into titan alloy casting ingot by the composition of table 9, through forging the rolling alloy bar material that obtains.
Table 9
Comparative Examples 2
To adopt ordinary method to be prepared into titan alloy casting ingot by the composition of table 10, through forging the rolling alloy bar material that obtains.
Table 10
Test Example
Choose that alloy bar material that above-mentioned 4 embodiment and Test Example obtain carries out mechanical property and machinability is done evaluation, comprising tensile strength, unit elongation, hardness, cutting number/g and tool wear amount, test-results is as shown in table 11.The concrete experiment condition of machinability experiment is following: cutter carries out DRY CUTTING with the cutting speed of 50m/min, the feed rate of 0.2mm/rev, the depth of cut of 1mm, and the time is 30min.
Table 11 mechanical property and machinability experimental result
Can find out that from last table titanium alloy material hardness provided by the present invention reduces, and moulding being improved, the extension performance is good, and cutting more easily reduces the wearing and tearing of titanium alloy to cutting tool, and is to bar and wire production processing Fang Eryan, significant.The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; Be noted that for those skilled in the art; Under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also make some improvement and retouching, these improvement and retouching also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. one kind is prone to the cutting titanium alloy, it is characterized in that reaching by weight percentage comprising following component:
Carbon: 0 ~ 0.05%;
Iron: 0.001 ~ 2.0%;
Nitrogen: 0 ~ 0.05%;
Hydrogen: 0 ~ 0.005%;
Aluminium: 2.0 ~ 7.5%;
Vanadium: 1.5 ~ 6.5%;
Oxygen: 0 ~ 0.40%;
Plumbous: 0 ~ 0.001%;
REE: 0.001 ~ 5.0%;
Except that said components, said titanium alloy also comprises following component by weight percentage:
Bismuth: 0.01 ~ 3.0%;
Selenium: 0.001 ~ 5.0%;
Tellurium: 0.001 ~ 5.0%;
Phosphorus: 0.01 ~ 2.0%;
Nickel: 0 ~ 3.0%;
Sulphur: 0 ~ 2.0%;
All the other are titanium and unavoidable impurities.
2. a kind of easy cutting titanium alloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that reaching by weight percentage and comprises following component:
Carbon: 0 ~ 0.03%;
Iron: 0.001 ~ 1.5%;
Nitrogen: 0 ~ 0.01%;
Hydrogen: 0 ~ 0.003%;
Aluminium: 2.0 ~ 6.5%;
Vanadium: 1.5 ~ 5.5%;
Oxygen: 0 ~ 0.30%;
REE: 0.001 ~ 4.0%;
Except that said components, said titanium alloy also comprises following component by weight percentage:
Bismuth: 0.01 ~ 3.0%;
Selenium: 0.001 ~ 5.0%;
Tellurium: 0.001 ~ 5.0%;
Phosphorus: 0.01 ~ 2.0%;
Nickel: 0.01 ~ 3.0%;
Sulphur: 0.01 ~ 2.0%;
All the other are titanium and unavoidable impurities.
3. a kind of easy cutting titanium alloy according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: selenium in the said titanium alloy and tellurium total amount are not more than 5.0%.
4. a kind of easy cutting titanium alloy according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the ratio of p and s is at 1:2 ~ 2:1 in the said titanium alloy.
5. a kind of easy cutting titanium alloy according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: said REE comprises any one or multiple combination of scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, group of the lanthanides.
6. a kind of according to claim 1 preparation method of easy cutting titanium alloy; It is characterized in that; This method comprises: Titanium Sponge 40-60 mesh, master alloy are prepared into electrode block and in the vacuum plasma case, are welded into vacuum consumable electrode; Vacuum consumable smelting is processed ingot casting, ingot casting is at high temperature forged obtain titanium alloy forging.
7. the preparation method of a kind of easy cutting titanium alloy according to claim 6 is characterized in that: said ingot casting forges at 1100 ~ 1200 degrees centigrade.
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN104404303A (en) * | 2014-12-20 | 2015-03-11 | 常熟市强盛电力设备有限责任公司 | Direct-drive rotating shaft for wind-driven generator |
CN104561620A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-04-29 | 西安泰金工业电化学技术有限公司 | Preparation method of titanium alloy and use of titanium alloy |
CN108467970A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-08-31 | 中国石油天然气集团公司管材研究所 | A kind of iron content titanium alloy tube and preparation method thereof for highly corrosive oil and gas development |
CN109234569A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-01-18 | 广州宇智科技有限公司 | A kind of novel Burn-Resistant Titanium Alloy of the liquid complex oxide film type containing Li and B |
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US5156807A (en) * | 1990-10-01 | 1992-10-20 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Method for improving machinability of titanium and titanium alloys and free-cutting titanium alloys |
JPH0699765A (en) * | 1992-03-24 | 1994-04-12 | Railway Technical Res Inst | Trolley wire suspension height measuring device |
CN101289717A (en) * | 2007-04-17 | 2008-10-22 | 李世琼 | Alpha+beta type titanium alloy |
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Patent Citations (4)
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US4810465A (en) * | 1985-04-12 | 1989-03-07 | Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha | Free-cutting Ti alloy |
US5156807A (en) * | 1990-10-01 | 1992-10-20 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Method for improving machinability of titanium and titanium alloys and free-cutting titanium alloys |
JPH0699765A (en) * | 1992-03-24 | 1994-04-12 | Railway Technical Res Inst | Trolley wire suspension height measuring device |
CN101289717A (en) * | 2007-04-17 | 2008-10-22 | 李世琼 | Alpha+beta type titanium alloy |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104404303A (en) * | 2014-12-20 | 2015-03-11 | 常熟市强盛电力设备有限责任公司 | Direct-drive rotating shaft for wind-driven generator |
CN104561620A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-04-29 | 西安泰金工业电化学技术有限公司 | Preparation method of titanium alloy and use of titanium alloy |
CN108467970A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-08-31 | 中国石油天然气集团公司管材研究所 | A kind of iron content titanium alloy tube and preparation method thereof for highly corrosive oil and gas development |
CN108467970B (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2020-12-25 | 中国石油天然气集团公司管材研究所 | Iron-containing titanium alloy pipe for high-corrosivity oil gas development and preparation method thereof |
CN109234569A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-01-18 | 广州宇智科技有限公司 | A kind of novel Burn-Resistant Titanium Alloy of the liquid complex oxide film type containing Li and B |
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