CN102719615A - Smelting method of steel for raw material pure iron - Google Patents
Smelting method of steel for raw material pure iron Download PDFInfo
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- CN102719615A CN102719615A CN2012102120460A CN201210212046A CN102719615A CN 102719615 A CN102719615 A CN 102719615A CN 2012102120460 A CN2012102120460 A CN 2012102120460A CN 201210212046 A CN201210212046 A CN 201210212046A CN 102719615 A CN102719615 A CN 102719615A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a smelting method of steel for raw material pure iron, comprising the following steps of: I, tapping by a converter: tapping when P is less than or equal to 0.006%, S is less than or equal to 0.07% and C is 0.02-0.04% in liquid steel; and binary alkalinity of furnace slag is 3-4; II, primarily dephosphorizing: in the process of tapping by the converter, adding a liquid steel dephosphorizing agent into a steel ladle and powerfully agitating by argon; III, deeply dephosphorizing: adding lime after an LF (Low Frequency) furnace arrives, wherein the binary alkalinity of the furnace slag is 4-5; powerfully agitating by the argon and slagging off; adding the lime by the LF furnace and adjusting the slag by fluorite, wherein the alkalinity is 7-8; raising the temperature and adding aluminum powder to adjust the slag and powerfully agitating by the argon; IV, decarbonizing: conveying the steel ladle to an RH and arriving at the station and vacuumizing oxygen, wherein the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 4 mbar; and decarbonizing at the vacuum degree for 10-15 minutes; and V, desulfurizing: after decarbonizing, making the oxygen content after decarbonizing; adding aluminum according to a constant oxygen amount and adjusting; and adding a desulfurization agent, wherein the mass percentages of components in the liquid steel are as follows: the C is less than or equal to 0.002%, the S is less than or equal to 0.005%, the P is less than or equal to 0.002% and Al is less than or equal to 0.03%; and the others are Fe and unavoidable impurities. The smelting method of the steel for the raw material pure iron improves the purity of the liquid steel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the smelting process of a kind of pure iron as raw material with steel.
Background technology
Ultralow phosphorus, super low sulfur high-purity raw pure iron are the base mateirals of producing special metal materials such as neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material, electrical heating alloys, Precise Alloy, low carbon stainless steel, powder metallurgy, amorphous alloy.
The patent No. is disclose in 02115419.8 " a kind of method of producing the control phosphorus of ultra-low phosphoretic steel ", and it mainly is to produce killed steel, does not set forth and rimming steel is carried out dephosphorization.The high-purity raw pure iron is because its carbon content is extremely low, so converter adopts not deoxidation tapping, and the thermodynamic condition of dephosphorization, desulfurization is different.Existing pure iron as raw material adopts the operational path of furnace (converter or electric arc furnace)+vacuum oven just with the smelting process of steel; Mainly just carrying out desulfurization, dephosphorization in the furnace stove; There is the too high or interior blocked up phenomenon of top slag of ladle of liquid steel temperature after the tapping; Cause rephosphorization, to return sulphur serious, molten steel phosphorus, sulphur controlled levels are relatively poor.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of existing pure iron as raw material with the smelting process of steel, the present invention provides a kind of phosphorus, sulphur, carbon content that reduces in the steel, and the pure iron as raw material of purification degree is with the smelting process of steel.
Thinking of the present invention is that the thermodynamic condition of dephosphorization is high basicity, strong oxidizing property, the big quantity of slag, lower temperature; And the thermodynamic condition of desulfurization is high temperature, high basicity, low oxidative, the big quantity of slag; This technology is according to the difference of dephosphorization, desulfurization thermodynamic condition; Give full play to the function of external refining, first dephosphorization;
2[P]+5(FeO)+4(CaO)=(4CaO·P
2O
5)+5[Fe]
2[P]+5(FeO)+3(CaO)=(3CaO·P
2O
5)+5[Fe]
Desulfurization again behind the back deoxidation alloying can effectively reduce phosphorus, sulphur content in the pure iron.
The mass percent of the composition in the pure iron reaches:
C≤0.002%，S≤0.005%，P≤0.002%，Al≤0.03%；
All the other are and the iron unavoidable impurities.
Pure iron as raw material of the present invention comprises following sequential steps with the smelting process of steel:
The I converter tapping
In the molten steel of converter smelting, the tapping when mass percent of P, S and C reaches following the requirement:
P≤0.006% S≤0.007% ?C 0.02～0.04%。
1610～1640 ℃ of tapping temperatures, molten steel tapping back is a rimming steel, does not carry out deoxidation treatment, pushing off the slag in the tapping process, make slag thick≤50mm, the slag dual alkalinity is 3～4;
II is dephosphorization just
In ladle, add the liquid steel dephosphorization agent during converter tapping, add-on is 3～5kg/t, and the argon bottom-blowing flow is 300L/ min～500L/ min, strong mixing 3～5min;
The III deep dephosphorization
LF arrives at a station and adds lime, and add-on 4～5kg/t makes the slag dual alkalinity reach 4～5; Be warming up to 1610～1620 ℃, argon bottom-blowing (400L/ min～600L/ min) strong mixing 3～5min skims; Make slag thick≤50mm, LF adds lime, fluorite carries out residue adjustment, lime adding amount is 5～7kg/t; The fluorite add-on is 2～3kg, and basicity is 7～8.Be warming up to 1620～1630 ℃, add the aluminium powder residue adjustment, the aluminium powder add-on is 0.3～0.5kg/t, argon bottom-blowing (400L/ min～600L/ min) strong mixing 3～5min;
The IV decarburization
Ladle is hung RH, and the temperature of arriving at a station>=1610 ℃ to the oxygen of standing firm, are inserted into and begin to vacuumize after pipe immerses in the molten steel fully, and the pressure of vacuum tightness reaches≤4mbar decarburization 10～15min under pressure≤4mbarr vacuum tightness in the 7min;
The V desulfurization
Decarburization finishes the back and decides oxygen, adds aluminium according to deciding oxygen value, adds the aluminium amount according to ton steel ([O] * 0.0015+0.70)
～([O] * 0.0015+0.80) adjust, add sweetening agent, lime, fluorite add-on are respectively 3～4kg, 2～3kg, sweetening agent circulation 5min.
Sampling analysis, the mass percent of the composition in the molten steel reaches:
C≤0.002%，S≤0.005%，P≤0.002%，Al≤0.03%；
All the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Above-mentioned pure iron as raw material is characterized in that with the smelting process of steel: in step IV carbon rejection process, during [O]-[C]≤200ppm, oxygen blast is forced in low rifle position (the rifle position is not higher than 340cm), and (flow is no less than 1200Nm
3/ h) decarburization is according to 0.12Nm
3/ t molten steel increases 100ppm activity [O], and blowing oxygen quantity is controlled according to 200≤[O]-[C]≤400ppm.
This raw material pure iron can reduce carbon, phosphorus, sulphur in the molten steel effectively with the smelting process of steel, makes C≤0.002% in the molten steel, S≤0.005%, P≤0.002%.
Embodiment
Specify embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but embodiment of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment one
Present embodiment be operating as following sequential steps:
The I converter is smelted according to the YT01 composition, and the converter tapping temperature is 1620 ℃, uses the slag-blocking ball pushing off the slag in the tapping process, and tapping back ladle top slag slag is thick to be 40mm, and the slag dual alkalinity is 3.5, and molten steel weight is 81t.
The composition weight percent of molten steel is behind the converter tapping:
C=0.026%，P=0.004%，S=0.0066%
All the other are and the iron unavoidable impurities.
II is dephosphorization just
In ladle, add red soil ball (red soil ball TFe content 35～45%) 280kg during converter tapping, connect BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING, the BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING flow is 500L/min, stirs 3min by force, winches to the LF ladle refining furnace;
The III deep dephosphorization
Add lime 350kg in the LF refining process, make basicity of slag reach 4.5, send electricity adjustment temperature to 1615 ℃, BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING flow 500L/min stirs 3min by force, sampling, and the composition weight percent of molten steel is:
C=0.023%，P=0.003%，S=0.0064%
All the other are and the iron unavoidable impurities.
Skim, the thick 30mm of ladle top slag slag adds lime 500kg, fluorite 200kg, and basicity is 7.8, and feeding temperature-raising to 1625 ℃ adds aluminium powder 40kg, and BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING 500L/min stirs 4min by force, sampling, the composition weight percent of molten steel is:
C=0.022%，P=0.002%，S=0.005%
All the other are and the iron unavoidable impurities.
The IV decarburization
Ladle is hung RH, and 1613 ℃ of the temperature of arriving at a station are decided oxygen 580ppm, and tubular stinger is immersed in the molten steel, start vacuum pump and begin to vacuumize (the vacuum tightness variable valve is in closing condition in the process), and 6min vacuum tightness reaches 4mbar, decarburization 12min under this vacuum tightness;
The V desulfurization
Decarburization finishes the back and decides oxygen, and the activity oxygen level is 230ppm, adds aluminium 90kg, adds lime 300kg, fluorite 200kg, circulation 5min, vacuum breaker sampling analysis behind the circulation 3min.
The composition weight percent of molten steel is:
C=0.0014%，P=0.002%，S=0.006%。
All the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Embodiment two
The I converter is smelted according to the YT01 composition, and the converter tapping temperature is 1613 ℃, uses the slag-blocking ball pushing off the slag in the tapping process, and tapping back ladle top slag slag is thick to be 30mm, and the slag dual alkalinity is 3.8, and molten steel weight is 81t.
The composition weight percent of molten steel is behind the converter tapping:
C=0.033%，P=0.005%，S=0.0063%
All the other are and the iron unavoidable impurities.
II is dephosphorization just
In ladle, add red soil ball (red soil ball TFe content 35～45%) 320kg during converter tapping, connect BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING, the BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING flow is 500L/min, stirs 3min by force, winches to the LF ladle refining furnace;
The III deep dephosphorization:
Add lime 350kg in the LF refining process, make basicity of slag reach 4.7, send electricity adjustment temperature to 1610 ℃, BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING flow 500L/min stirs 3min by force, sampling, and the composition weight percent of molten steel is:
C=0.031%，P=0.003%，S=0.0058%
All the other are and the iron unavoidable impurities.
Skim, the thick 30mm of ladle top slag slag adds lime 500kg, fluorite 200kg, and basicity is 7.7, and feeding temperature-raising to 1621 ℃ adds aluminium powder 40kg, and BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING 500L/min stirs 4min by force, sampling, the composition weight percent of molten steel is:
C=0.032%，P=0.002%，S=0.005%
All the other are and the iron unavoidable impurities.
The IV decarburization
Ladle is hung RH, and 1611 ℃ of the temperature of arriving at a station are decided oxygen 480ppm, and tubular stinger is immersed in the molten steel, start vacuum pump and begin to vacuumize, and vacuumize 2min and begin oxygen rifle down, and blowing oxygen quantity reaches 15m
3Blow off, 7min vacuum tightness reaches 4mbar, decarburization 12min under this vacuum tightness;
The V desulfurization
Decarburization finishes the back and decides oxygen, and the activity oxygen level is 280ppm, adds aluminium 95kg, adds lime 300kg, fluorite 200kg, circulation 5min, vacuum breaker sampling analysis behind the circulation 3min.
The composition weight percent of molten steel is:
C=0.0017%，P=0.002%，S=0.005%。
All the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Explain:
The described LF of present specification is a ladle refining furnace
RH is a vacuum refining furnace
The liquid steel dephosphorization agent is the red soil ball, and wherein TFe content 35～45%.
Sweetening agent is lime and fluorite.
Claims (2)
1. a pure iron as raw material is with the smelting process of steel, and it comprises following sequential steps:
The I converter tapping
In the molten steel of converter smelting, the tapping when mass percent of P, S and C reaches following the requirement:
P≤0.006% S≤0.007% C 0.02～0.04%；
1610～1640 ℃ of tapping temperatures, molten steel tapping back is a rimming steel, does not carry out deoxidation treatment, pushing off the slag in the tapping process, make slag thick≤50mm, the slag dual alkalinity is 3～4;
II is dephosphorization just
In ladle, add the liquid steel dephosphorization agent during converter tapping, add-on is 3～5kg/t, and the argon bottom-blowing flow is 300L/ min～500L/ min, strong mixing 3～5min;
The III deep dephosphorization
LF arrives at a station and adds lime, and add-on 4～5kg/t makes the slag dual alkalinity reach 4～5; Be warming up to 1610～1620 ℃, argon bottom-blowing is with 400L/ min～600L/ min strong mixing 3～5min; Skim, make slag thick≤50mm, LF adds lime, fluorite carries out residue adjustment; Lime adding amount is 5～7kg/t, and the fluorite add-on is 2～3kg, and basicity is 7～8; Be warming up to 1620～1630 ℃, add the aluminium powder residue adjustment, the aluminium powder add-on is 0.3～0.5kg/t, and argon bottom-blowing is with 400L/ min～600L/ min strong mixing 3～5min;
The IV decarburization
Ladle is hung RH, and the temperature of arriving at a station>=1610 ℃ to the oxygen of standing firm, are inserted into and begin to vacuumize after pipe immerses in the molten steel fully, and the pressure of vacuum tightness reaches≤4mbar decarburization 10～15min under pressure≤4mbarr vacuum tightness in the 7min;
The V desulfurization
Decarburization finishes the back and decides oxygen, adds aluminium according to deciding oxygen value, adds the aluminium amount according to ton steel ([O] * 0.0015+0.70)
～([O] * 0.0015+0.80) adjust, add sweetening agent, lime, fluorite add-on are respectively 3～4kg, 2～3kg, the sweetening agent circulation is no less than 5min;
Sampling analysis, the mass percent of the composition in the molten steel reaches:
C≤0.002%，S≤0.005%，P≤0.002%，Al≤0.03%；
All the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
2. pure iron as raw material according to claim 1 is characterized in that with the smelting process of steel: in step IV carbon rejection process, during [O]-[C]≤200ppm, the rifle position is not higher than 340cm, and flow is no less than 1200Nm
3/ h forces oxygen decarburization, according to 0.12Nm
3/ t molten steel increases 100ppm activity [O], and blowing oxygen quantity is controlled according to 200≤[O]-[C]≤400ppm.
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Cited By (14)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103255264A (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2013-08-21 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for dephosphorizing by using LF refining furnace |
| CN105018669A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-11-04 | 邢台钢铁有限责任公司 | Method for producing technically pure iron for nuclear power |
| CN105238907A (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2016-01-13 | 首钢京唐钢铁联合有限责任公司 | Method for refining molten steel in vacuum |
| CN105331872A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-02-17 | 成都九十度工业产品设计有限公司 | Intelligent preparation method for novel non-magnetic stainless steel |
| CN105986053A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2016-10-05 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for producing industrial pure iron |
| CN106011384A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-10-12 | 首钢京唐钢铁联合有限责任公司 | Method for smelting non-sedating molten steel |
| CN106702069A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2017-05-24 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Production method of low-phosphorus low-sulfur ultra-low-carbon steel |
| CN107287389A (en) * | 2016-04-04 | 2017-10-24 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | RH deoxidation method of aluminum-free industrial pure iron |
| CN107557534A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-01-09 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | The production method of extremely low phosphoretic steel |
| CN107604120A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-01-19 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Low-phosphorous low-sulfur method for making steel |
| CN107723415A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-23 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | The production method of the ultralow phosphorus ultra-low-carbon steel of super-low sulfur |
| CN108690900A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-10-23 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢钒有限公司 | Ultra-low carbon aluminum killed steel steel treatment method |
| CN112662839A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-16 | 北京首钢股份有限公司 | Method for producing ultra-low phosphorus steel by molten steel dephosphorization outside furnace |
| CN113621868A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-11-09 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Smelting method of low-phosphorus low-aluminum base steel for high-speed rail wheel |
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| CN105986053A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2016-10-05 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for producing industrial pure iron |
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| CN105018669A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-11-04 | 邢台钢铁有限责任公司 | Method for producing technically pure iron for nuclear power |
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| CN105331872A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-02-17 | 成都九十度工业产品设计有限公司 | Intelligent preparation method for novel non-magnetic stainless steel |
| CN106702069A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2017-05-24 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Production method of low-phosphorus low-sulfur ultra-low-carbon steel |
| CN107287389A (en) * | 2016-04-04 | 2017-10-24 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | RH deoxidation method of aluminum-free industrial pure iron |
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| CN107604120A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-01-19 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Low-phosphorous low-sulfur method for making steel |
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| CN108690900A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-10-23 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢钒有限公司 | Ultra-low carbon aluminum killed steel steel treatment method |
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