CN102719593A - Method for smelting ultra-low carbon steel - Google Patents
Method for smelting ultra-low carbon steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN102719593A CN102719593A CN2011100778654A CN201110077865A CN102719593A CN 102719593 A CN102719593 A CN 102719593A CN 2011100778654 A CN2011100778654 A CN 2011100778654A CN 201110077865 A CN201110077865 A CN 201110077865A CN 102719593 A CN102719593 A CN 102719593A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 206010039897 Sedation Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000036280 sedation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- 101100399296 Mus musculus Lime1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 9
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 206010058490 Hyperoxia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000222 hyperoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009847 ladle furnace Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000018875 hypoxemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for smelting ultra-low carbon steel, which adopts a molten iron desulphurization-converter-RH-continuous casting process, wherein the sulfur in the desulfurized molten iron is 0.002-0.006%; controlling oxygen blowing time, oxygen lance flow, bottom blowing strength and smelting period in converter smelting, tapping [ C ] at 0.06-0.08%, temperature T at 1650-1680 ℃, oxygen content of molten steel at 0.03-0.05%, and tapping by adopting slag stopping; the RH is forcibly decarburized, the highest vacuum degree is 67-100 Pa, the decarburizing time is 15-27 min, and the carbon content in the molten steel is 0.0010% -0.0020%; the content of dissolved oxygen in the decarbonized molten steel is 0.025-0.040%, the molten steel is circulated for 3-5 min after aluminum is added for deoxidation, the molten steel is circulated for 3-5 min after other alloys are added, the nitrogen content of the molten steel is 0.0015-0.0035%, the temperature is 1590-1610 ℃, and then the sedation treatment is carried out for 10-30 min. The invention adopts the converter to carry out high-carbon and low-oxygen tapping, and the slag modifier can be used or not used in the tapping process, thereby accelerating the production rhythm, enabling the molten steel to be cleaner and reducing the production cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to steelmaking technical field, relate to a kind of method of smelting suprelow carbon steel, especially when smelting suprelow carbon steel, molten steel carbon, oxygen level, liquid steel temperature, molten steel cleanliness factor are realized the stable method of controlling.
Background technology
Ultra low-carbon steel is meant that carbon content is at the steel grade below 0.010% in the steel.Ultra low-carbon steel is smelted at present has two kinds of common process: a kind of is to bessemerize-RH vacuum-treat-continuous casting process, and the maximum difficult point of this technology is the control of molten steel cleanliness factor, because converter tapping process molten steel dissolved oxygen content is higher; Slag oxidation property is stronger, and converter slag entering ladle is inevitable, therefore in RH vacuum-treat process; Top slag with higher oxygen voltinism will continue oxidation to molten steel, causes that oxide inclusion increases in the molten steel, simultaneously in casting cycle; This hyperoxia voltinism top slag also can flow in the tundish with molten steel; Continuation is carried out oxidation to molten steel, and final oxide inclusion on the one hand can cause molten steel mouth of a river in casting cycle to hold stream, influences the ultra low-carbon steel ordinary production; Make the molten steel purity reduce on the other hand, influence the surface quality of cold-reduced sheet.Another kind is to bessemerize-LF refining-RH vacuum-treat-continuous casting process; This technology is carried out deoxidation slag making operation at LF, adopts the carbon content of forcing in the oxygen decarburization control steel in the RH vacuum-treat, and this operational path is complicated; Production cost is higher, can cause the serious waste of resource simultaneously.
Chinese patent 200710159224.7 discloses a kind of smelting process of ultra low-carbon steel; Its smelting technology is: molten iron pretreatment desulfurizing-bessemerize-LF refining-RH vacuum-treat-continuous casting; Especially before the RH vacuum decarburization; Through LF molten steel top slag is carried out modification and handle, make iron oxide content≤2% in the slag of molten steel top.This patent introduction belong to second kind of common process, can cause the serious waste of resource.
Chinese patent 200910084426.9 discloses a kind of method of smelting suprelow carbon steel; Its smelting technology is: molten iron pretreatment desulfurizing-bessemerize-ladle furnace processing-RH vacuum-treat-continuous casting, control converter tapping [C]=0.04%-0.05%, tapping temperature 1700-1720 ℃; Tapping molten steel oxygen activity 600ppm-900ppm; The pushing off the slag operation is adopted in the not deoxidation of tapping, and the LF ladle furnace is handled the top slag is carried out upgrading, goes out the LF liquid steel temperature at 1640-1650 ℃; In RH vacuum-treat process, adopt nature decarburization pattern that carbon content of molten steel is controlled, can carbon in the steel be controlled at 0.0014%-0.0025%.By the technology of its introduction, in the slag upgrading process of LF top, the molten steel dissolved oxygen content will reduce, and RH still adopt the nature decarburization with molten steel in carbon take off to very big less than 0.0030% difficulty.
Use at present more be the-kind of common process, the especially modifying process of hyperoxia voltinism slag receive publicity, Chinese patent 200810013374.1, Chinese patent 200710158736.1, Chinese patent 200510094825.5 all disclose the technology of this respect.But all there is a problem in all technology of this respect at present, will cause the reduction of molten steel dissolved oxygen when promptly reducing slag oxidation property, and this is unfavorable for follow-up RH vacuum decarburization processing.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve above-mentioned existing in prior technology defective, provide a kind of and can improve the molten steel purity, reduce production costs, can improve the method for the smelting suprelow carbon steel of molten steel composition control accuracy again.
The operational path that the present invention adopts is: molten iron pretreatment desulfurizing-converter smelting-RH vacuum refinement-sheet billet continuous casting.Processing parameter in each operation is controlled as follows:
(1) molten iron pretreatment desulfurizing: adopt winding-up magnesium powder+lime powder desulfurization, the operation of skimming after the desulfurization guarantees to skim effect, and the sulphur content in the desulfurized molten iron is 0.002%～0.006% (weight percent).
(2) converter smelting: steel scrap packed into is blended into molten iron after the converter, and the converter smelting oxygen blow duration is controlled at 10～17min, and the oxygen gun blowing flow control is at 160～240m
3/ ht, the bottom blowing intensity control is at 0.01～0.1m
3/ tmin; The slag making material is main with lime and light dolomite, and sulphur content requires≤0.03% (weight percent) in the lime; The converter smelting periodic Control is carried out decarburization, dephosphorization, intensification and the operation of removal detrimental impurity at 30～42min to molten steel.Converter tapping [C]=0.06%-0.08% (weight percent), tapping temperature T=1650 ℃～1680 ℃, tapping molten steel oxygen level 0.03%～0.05% (weight percent).The not deoxidation of tapping; Employing pushing off the slag operation; As the molten steel oxygen level of tapping is greater than 0.04% (weight percent), and then tapping process adds 0.5kg～1.0kg slag modification agent according to molten steel per ton, and the modification agent composition is: the quality percentage composition of Al is 35%～45%; The quality percentage composition of CaO is 15%～25%, SiO
2Quality percentage composition≤10%.
(3) RH vacuum refinement: adopt and force the decarburization pattern that carbon content in the molten steel is controlled, carry out chemical heating simultaneously.The RH maximum vacuum is controlled at 67～100Pa, and the lift gas flow is 0.4～0.6m
3/ ht, decarburization time is controlled at 20～27min, and decarburization is controlled at 0.0010%～0.0020% (weight percent) with the carbon in the molten steel after finishing, and dissolved oxygen content is 0.025%～0.040% (weight percent).Adopt aluminium deoxidation, after this molten steel circulation 3～5min carries out the alloying operation behind the adding aluminium, and molten steel circulation 3～5min fully dissolves and Al with the assurance alloy behind the adding alloy
2O
3The removal of inclusion.It is 0.0015%～0.0035% (weight percent) that the RH processing finishes the molten steel nitrogen content, and liquid steel temperature is 1590～1610 ℃.Vacuum finishes the back molten steel is carried out the calmness processing, calm time 10～30min.
(4) sheet billet continuous casting: adopt carbon-free covering agent, carbon-less protecting slag in the casting cycle, prevent casting cycle carburetting, casting process adopts the full guard casting, reduces molten steel nitrogen pick-up; Casting cycle is rationally controlled pulling rate according to the slab section.
The present invention adopts converter high-carbon, hypoxemia tapping, and carbon content is 0.06%～0.08%, and the tapping oxygen level is 0.03%～0.05%.With common process tapping [C]=0.03%-0.05%, the tapping oxygen level is 0.06%～0.10% to compare, and carbon content of molten steel increases, and oxygen level reduces, and can produce following beneficial effect thus:
(1) tapping temperature reduces.Reduce tapping temperature and help reducing erosion, help faster production rhythm, reduce production costs anti-material.
(2) converter finishing slag oxidisability reduces.The present invention is transferred to RH with the decarburization task in molten steel low-carbon (LC) zone by converter, when carbon content of molten steel less than 0.1% the time, if in converter, continue decarburization; Will cause a large amount of oxidations of slag, handle and in tapping process, also will carry out upgrading to hyperoxia voltinism slag, upgrading process molten steel also will be by the part deoxidation; For molten steel and slag; All there is initial oxidation-back reductive contradiction, both increased production cost, can bring influence to the molten steel cleanliness factor again.Therefore, converter tapping process of the present invention can be used less or without the slag modification agent, simultaneously, the carbon rejection process in the RH can not carry out oxidation to the top slag, though therefore slightly increased the decarburization task of RH, reduced production cost generally, and molten steel is clean more.
Embodiment
Through embodiment the present invention is done further description below.
Embodiment 1:
Smelting ultralow-carbon IF steel, the operational path of employing is: molten iron pretreatment desulfurizing-260t bessemerizes-RH vacuum refinement-sheet billet continuous casting.
Molten iron pretreatment desulfurizing: adopt winding-up magnesium powder+lime powder desulfurization, the operation of skimming after the desulfurization guarantees to skim effect, and the sulphur content in the desulfurized molten iron is 0.0030%.
Converter smelting: steel scrap packed into is blended into molten iron after the converter, and the converter smelting oxygen blow duration is controlled at 13min, and the oxygen gun blowing flow control is at 40000～59000m
3/ h, preceding 1～9min bottom blowing intensity control is at 7～8m
3/ min, the blowing 9min after to blow end point bottom blowing intensity control at 8～12m
3/ min; Slag making materials quality such as hearthstone ash, light dolomite are gone in the control converter, activity of lime>=300ml, and quality percentage composition≤0.015% of sulphur in the lime satisfies quick slagging and dephosphorization requirement.Converter tapping [C]=0.08%, tapping temperature T=1660 ℃, tapping molten steel oxygen level 0.035%.The pushing off the slag operation is adopted in the not deoxidation of tapping, and finishing slag FeO content is 12.3%.The converter smelting cycle is 39min.
The RH vacuum refinement: vacuum refinement is adopted and is forced the decarburization pattern that carbon content in the molten steel is controlled, and carbon content is 0.0018% in the decarburization endpoint molten steel, decarburization time 25min, and RH maximum vacuum 67Pa, lift gas flow are 100～150m
3/ h, decarburization endpoint molten steel oxygen level is 0.0310%.Decarburization finishes the back and adds aluminium deoxidation, adds other alloy recycling 3min behind the adding aluminium circulation 4min, and it is 1603 ℃ that processing finishes the back liquid steel temperature, and the RH processing cycle is 35min.Vacuum finishes the back molten steel is carried out calmness, calm time 15min.
Sheet billet continuous casting: adopt carbon-free covering agent, carbon-less protecting slag in the casting cycle, prevent casting cycle carburetting, carbon increasing amount is 0.0002%, and casting process adopts the full guard casting, reduces molten steel nitrogen pick-up, and nitrogen increased amount is 0.0001%.
Following through this technology finished product principal element Composition Control: (by weight percentage: %)
| C | P | S | N | T[O] |
| 0.0020 | 0.008 | 0.007 | 0.0032 | 0.0017 |
Embodiment 2:
Smelting ultralow-carbon IF steel, the operational path of employing is: molten iron pretreatment desulfurizing-260t bessemerizes-RH vacuum refinement-sheet billet continuous casting.
Molten iron pretreatment desulfurizing: adopt winding-up magnesium powder+lime powder desulfurization, the operation of skimming after the desulfurization, the sulphur content in the desulfurized molten iron is 0.0026%.
Converter smelting: steel scrap packed into is blended into molten iron after the converter, and the converter smelting oxygen blow duration is controlled at 13min, and the oxygen gun blowing flow control is at 40000～59000m
3/ h, preceding 1-9min bottom blowing intensity control is at 7～8m
3/ min, the blowing 9min after to blow end point bottom blowing intensity control at 8～12m
3/ min; Slag making materials quality such as hearthstone ash, light dolomite are gone in the control converter, activity of lime>=300ml, and quality percentage composition≤0.015% of sulphur in the lime satisfies quick slagging and dephosphorization requirement.Converter tapping [C]=0.06%, tapping temperature T=1678 ℃, tapping molten steel oxygen level 0.047%.Tapping employing pushing off the slag operation, the tapping back adds the 150kg modification agent slag is carried out the upgrading processing, and the modification agent composition is: the quality percentage composition of Al is 35%～45%, and the quality percentage composition of CaO is 15%～25%, SiO
2Quality percentage composition≤10%.Finishing slag FeO content is 10.5% behind the upgrading.The converter smelting cycle is 40min.
The RH vacuum refinement: vacuum refinement is adopted and is forced the decarburization pattern that carbon content in the molten steel is controlled, and carbon content is 0.0015% in the decarburization endpoint molten steel, decarburization time 21min, and RH maximum vacuum 67Pa, lift gas flow are 100～150m
3/ h, decarburization endpoint molten steel oxygen level is 0.0290%.Decarburization finishes the back and adds aluminium deoxidation, adds other alloy recycling 3min behind the adding aluminium circulation 4min, and it is 1605 ℃ that processing finishes the back liquid steel temperature, and the RH processing cycle is 31min.Vacuum finishes the back molten steel is carried out calmness, calm time 15min.
Sheet billet continuous casting: adopt carbon-free covering agent, carbon-less protecting slag in the casting cycle, prevent casting cycle carburetting, carbon increasing amount is 0.0003%, and casting process adopts the full guard casting, reduces molten steel nitrogen pick-up, and nitrogen increased amount is 0.0001%.
Following through this technology finished product principal element Composition Control: (by weight percentage: %)
| C | P | S | N | T[O] |
| 0.0018 | 0.008 | 0.007 | 0.0030 | 0.0019 |
Claims (5)
1. the method for a smelting suprelow carbon steel adopts molten iron pretreatment desulfurizing-converter smelting-RH vacuum refinement-sheet billet continuous casting technology, it is characterized in that sulphur content is 0.002%～0.006% in the desulfurized molten iron; Said converter smelting oxygen blow duration is 10～17min, and the oxygen gun blowing flow is 160～240m
3/ ht, bottom blowing intensity is 0.01～0.1m
3/ tmin, smelting cycle 30～42min, tapping [C]=0.06%～0.08%, temperature T=1650～1680 ℃, the molten steel oxygen level is 0.03%～0.05%, adopts the pushing off the slag tapping; Said RH vacuum refinement is adopted and is forced decarburization, and maximum vacuum is 67～100Pa, and the lift gas flow is 0.4～0.6m
3/ ht, decarburization time are 15～27min, and carbon content is controlled at 0.0010%～0.0020% in the decarburization end molten steel, and dissolved oxygen content is 0.025%～0.040%; Adopt aluminium deoxidation, add molten steel circulation 3～5min behind the aluminium, alloying then adds molten steel circulation 3～5min behind the alloy, and it is 0.0015%～0.0035% that RH handles back molten steel nitrogen content, and temperature is 1590～1610 ℃, the calm again 10～30min that handles; Above per-cent all is weight percentage.
2. the method for smelting suprelow carbon steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that said molten iron pretreatment desulfurizing adopts winding-up magnesium powder+lime powder, the operation of skimming after the desulfurization.
3. the method for smelting suprelow carbon steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that said converter smelting slag making material is main with lime and light dolomite, sulphur weight percent content≤0.03% in the lime; The converter tapping process is looked the molten steel oxygen level and is added the slag modification agent.
4. the method for smelting suprelow carbon steel according to claim 1 is carried out chemical heating when it is characterized in that said RH vacuum refinement.
5. the method for smelting suprelow carbon steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that said sheet billet continuous casting process adopts carbon-free covering agent, carbon-less protecting slag and whole process protection casting.
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| CN103937926A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-07-23 | 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 | Production method of ultra-low carbon steel and ultra-low oxygen content molten steel |
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