CN102719266A - Heavy oil short-path distillation (molecular distillation) continuous production process - Google Patents
Heavy oil short-path distillation (molecular distillation) continuous production process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A heavy oil short-path distillation (molecular distillation) continuous production process includes the steps of subjecting heavy oil raw materials of residual oil, wax oil, oil slurry, fuel oil and the like to pretreatment; preheating the raw oil, removing water and dissolvable gases from the raw oil in a degassing dry tower, continuing to heat the raw oil, feeding the raw oil into a rectifying tower and removing light oil; then feeding the raw oil into a first-stage short-path distiller, using conduction oil to heat the raw oil and subjecting the raw oil to cutting and separation to obtain first-stage light phase oil and first-stage heavy phase oil; feeding the first-stage light phase oil into a second-stage short-path distiller and separating the first-stage light phase oil to obtain a 2# mixed aromatic oil product and a 3# mixed aromatic oil product; and feeding the first-stage heavy phase oil into the second-stage short-path distiller, heating the first-stage heavy phase oil and separating the first-stage heavy phase oil to obtain a 4# mixed aromatic oil product and a raffinate superheavy aromatic product. Compared with conventional distillation processes, the heavy oil short-path distillation (molecular distillation) continuous production process is low in operation temperature and distillation pressure, short in heating time, high in separation degree, small in investments of fields and devices and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Petroleum Processing Technology field, especially heavy oil distillation producing process; This heavy oil is used for medium and small enterprise through the short-path distillation production technique, is raw material with residual oil, wax oil, slurry oil, fuel wet goods; In-depth processing increases added value, improves the business economic benefit.To oil refining enterprise a kind of heavy oil upgrading Technology that also has been many.
Background technology
Along with the application and the development of various stripping technique, short-path distillation (short-path distillation) technology is more and more favored, especially separating for high boiling point and heat-sensitive substance.Short-path distillation (short-path distillation) technology as a kind of novel, effective separation means, since the 30's of 20th century occur, has obtained the attention of countries in the world.To the 60's of 20th century, successfully be applied to from Oils,glyceridic,cod-liver, extract the suitability for industrialized production of vitamin A.So far, U.S.A, day, moral, developed countries such as (preceding) of Soviet Union design and manufacture many cover industriallization short-path distillations (short-path distillation) device in succession.According to investigations, be used for the production of more than 100 range of product abroad.
China obtains to use in industry about the nineties short-path distillation technology beginning of 20th century, and develops rapidly, the vegetables oil in food service industry successively, oleum lini, Rice pollard oil, gingerol, lactic acid etc.; Vitamin E in pharmaceutical industries, Oils,glyceridic,cod-liver, natural or synthesising complex E, β-Serlabo, glucose-derivative etc.; Glyceryl ester in chemical industry, weedicide, sterilant, silicone oil, binary lipid acid etc.; Vaseline in petroleum industry, waste lubricating oil, dissolving recovery, biofuel etc.; Rose oil in the cosmetic industry, alkyl polyglycoside, wool lipid acid etc. have obtained developing widely and using.At present, Along with people's is to the favor of crude substance, and the trend of back to nature is risen, the continuous appearance of product innovation, and molecule short-path distillation technology has obtained developing rapidly.
Because the oil fuel of all kinds of residual oil, slurry oil and other types, its component is complicated, has thermo-sensitivity, viscosity, boiling point height; The more approaching mixture of some component boiling point wherein; Need to adopt the precise distillation technology, realize that key ingredient can clear cutting apart, guarantee the high yield and the high density of valuable constituent; Higher separation efficiency is arranged, distillation plant and technology are had higher requirement.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the present situation to prior art, and heavy oil short-path distillation (short-path distillation) continuous production processes is provided.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: heavy oil short-path distillation (short-path distillation) continuous production processes; It is to use heavy oil to be raw material residual oil, wax oil, slurry oil, fuel wet goods; It is characterized in that through pre-treatment through secondary filter, heat exchange, heating, temperature is at 100-230 ℃; Pressure is at 500-3000Pa, earlier after degassing drying tower deviate from moisture, dissolved gas and deviate from low boiling component through rectifying tower; Get into the one-level short-distance distiller then, to 240-260 ℃, pressure is at 5-20Pa with heat-conducting oil heating; Cutting and separating goes out one-level gently oil and one-level heavy phase oil mutually, one-level gently mutually oil behind surge tank, go into the light phase secondary of one-level short-distance distiller, arrive 215-250 ℃ with heat-conducting oil heating; Pressure is at 5-20Pa; With the gently mutually separating of oil acquisition of one-level 2# BTX aromatics oil and 3# BTX aromatics oil prodn, the one-level heavy phase is gone into one-level heavy phase secondary short-distance distiller, arrives 270-290 ℃ with heat-conducting oil heating; Pressure is at 5-20Pa, with the separating of oil acquisition of one-level heavy phase 4# BTX aromatics oil and residual night overweight aromatic hydrocarbon product.
Said heavy oil is residual oil, wax oil, slurry oil, oil fuel
Described pre-treatment is that secondary filter removes the solia particle in the raw oil, and through heat exchange and preheating, temperature is at 100-110 ℃; The drying tower of going into to outgas, tower internal pressure 500-1000Pa deviates from raw material water content in oil and dissolved gas; And then go into rectifying tower to 180-200 ℃ through heat exchange, Heating temperature; With thermal oil raw material is heated to 200-240 ℃ by rectifying tower bottom reboiler, the tower internal pressure is isolated lower boiling lightweight oil component product at 2000-3000Pa in rectifying tower.
Described one-level short-path distillation is with thermal oil temperature of charge in the device to be heated to 240-260 ℃, and pressure is at 5-20Pa, and the raw oil cutting and separating is gone out one-level, and gently oil and one-level heavy phase are oily mutually.
Described one-level is gently oily mutually to 200-230 ℃, goes into the light phase secondary of one-level short-distance distiller with heat-conducting oil heating behind surge tank, to 215-250 ℃, pressure separates obtaining the oily and 3# BTX aromatics oil prodn of 2# BTX aromatics at 5-20Pa with heat-conducting oil heating.
Described a kind of heavy oil short-path distillation (short-path distillation) production technique; It is characterized in that described one-level heavy phase oil is behind surge tank; Go into one-level heavy phase secondary short-distance distiller; To 270-290 ℃, pressure is at 5-20Pa with heat-conducting oil heating, separate obtain 4# BTX aromatics oil and residual night overweight aromatic hydrocarbon product.
The objective of the invention is all to adopt tower distillation to the conventional separate mode of present oil product, short-path distillation (short-path distillation) is possessing the incomparable advantage of many conventional distillations.Low such as service temperature, distillation pressure is low, heated time is short, separation degree is high, place and facility investment are less or the like.
Description of drawings
For content of the present invention is more clearly understood,, the present invention is done further detailed explanation below according to specific embodiment and combine accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1, course of processing figure of the present invention
Fig. 2, process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are further described.The invention relates to heavy oil short distance (short-path distillation) continuous production processes, after elder generation took off light oil with heavy oil feedstock through pre-treatment, through the one-level short-path distillation, cutting and separating goes out one-level, and gently oil and one-level heavy phase were oily mutually; One-level is gently oily mutually to obtain 2# BTX aromatics oil and 3# BTX aromatics oil prodn through secondary short-path distillation cutting analysis; One-level heavy phase oil through the secondary short-path distillation separate to obtain 4# BTX aromatics oil and residual night overweight aromatic hydrocarbon product.
Embodiment of the present invention is following:
1, pre-treatment
Heavy oil feedstock is heated to the 100-110 ℃ of drying tower of going into to outgas through filtration, heat exchange; The tower internal pressure is controlled at 500-1000Pa; Deviate from raw material water content in oil and dissolved gas, the dried heavy oil feedstock that outgases is gone into rectifying tower through heat exchange, Heating temperature to 180-200 ℃, with thermal oil raw material is heated to 200-240 ℃ by rectifying tower bottom reboiler; The tower internal pressure is deviate from lightweight oil under the 2000-3000Pa condition, promptly obtain 1# BTX aromatics oil prodn;
2, one-level short-path distillation
The raw oil that comes out from rectifying tower gets into the one-level short-distance distiller of two parallel operations uniformly respectively, and two one-level short-distance distillers are separating of oil with the gently oily mutually and heavy phase in the raw material.The device internal pressure is controlled at 5-20Pa, and thermal oil is heated to 240-260 ℃ through short-distance distiller cylinder shell chuck with material, and the light phase component in heating back is overflowed; Be condensed into liquid in the built-in condensing surface in short-distance distiller, the about 60-100 of temperature ℃, discharge light phase component oil from the short-distance distiller bottom; Collect the circular passage of heavy phase component oil in short-distance distiller, temperature flows out through the lateral discharge port of short-distance distiller about 240-260 ℃; Noncondensable gas is introduced cold-trap in short-distance distiller; With the further condensation of noncondensable gas, still incondensible noncondensable gas enters atmosphere through vacuum unit with its extraction to cold-trap behind cold-trap with 0--5 ℃ of refrigerating fulid.
3, the light phase secondary of one-level short-path distillation
The one-level of separating from two one-level short-path distillations respectively is oil mutually gently, through being mixed into surge tank, being heated 200-230 ℃ through hotline heater and getting into the light phase secondary of one-level short-distance distiller; Pressure-controlling is at 5-20Pa, and thermal oil is through short-distance distiller cylinder shell chuck, material is continued to be heated to 215-250 ℃ of heating after light phase component overflow; Be condensed into liquid in the built-in condensing surface in short-distance distiller, the about 60-100 of temperature ℃, discharge from the short-distance distiller bottom; Obtain 2# BTX aromatics oil prodn, collect the circular passage of heavy phase component oil in short-distance distiller, temperature is about 215-250 ℃; Flow out through the lateral discharge port of short-distance distiller; Obtain 3# BTX aromatics oil prodn, noncondensable gas is introduced cold-trap in short-distance distiller, cold-trap with 0--5 ℃ of refrigerated water with the further condensation of noncondensable gas; Still incondensible noncondensable gas enters atmosphere through vacuum unit with its extraction behind cold-trap.
4, one-level heavy phase secondary short-path distillation
The one-level heavy phase oil of separating from two one-level short-path distillations respectively through being mixed into surge tank, gets into one-level heavy phase secondary short-distance distiller; Pressure-controlling is at 5-20Pa, and thermal oil is heated to 270-290 ℃ with material from 240-260 ℃ through short-distance distiller cylinder shell chuck; The light phase component in heating back is overflowed, and is condensed into liquid in the built-in condensing surface in short-distance distiller, the about 60-100 of temperature ℃; Discharge from the short-distance distiller bottom, obtain 4# BTX aromatics oil prodn, collect the circular passage of heavy phase component oil in short-distance distiller; Temperature flows out through the lateral discharge port of short-distance distiller about 260-280 ℃, obtains the overweight aromatic hydrocarbon product of raffinate; Noncondensable gas is introduced cold-trap in short-distance distiller; With the further condensation of noncondensable gas, still incondensible noncondensable gas enters atmosphere through vacuum unit with its extraction to cold-trap behind cold-trap with 0--5 ℃ of refrigerating fulid.
Instance 1:
Getting the 10KG catalytic slurry follows these steps to implement
1, pre-treatment
Heavy oil feedstock is heated to 105 ℃ of drying towers of going into to outgas through filtration, heat exchange; The tower internal pressure is controlled at 600Pa; Deviate from raw material water content in oil and dissolved gas, the dried heavy oil feedstock that outgases ℃ is gone into rectifying tower through heat exchange, Heating temperature to 180, with thermal oil raw material is heated to 220 ℃ by rectifying tower bottom reboiler; The tower internal pressure is deviate from lightweight oil under the 2000Pa condition, promptly obtain 1# BTX aromatics oil prodn;
2, one-level short-path distillation
The raw oil that comes out from rectifying tower gets into the one-level short-distance distiller of two parallel operations uniformly respectively, and two one-level short-distance distillers are separating of oil with the gently oily mutually and heavy phase in the raw material.The device internal pressure is controlled at 10Pa, and thermal oil is heated to 245 ℃ through short-distance distiller cylinder shell chuck with material, and the light phase component in heating back is overflowed; Be condensed into liquid in the built-in condensing surface in short-distance distiller, about 60 ℃ of temperature is discharged light phase component oil from the short-distance distiller bottom; Collect the circular passage of heavy phase component oil in short-distance distiller, temperature flows out through the lateral discharge port of short-distance distiller about 245 ℃; Noncondensable gas is introduced cold-trap in short-distance distiller; With the further condensation of noncondensable gas, still incondensible noncondensable gas enters atmosphere through vacuum unit with its extraction to cold-trap behind cold-trap with-5 ℃ of refrigerated waters.
3, the light phase secondary of one-level short-path distillation
The one-level of separating from two one-level short-path distillations respectively is oil mutually gently, through being mixed into surge tank, being heated 190 ℃ through hotline heater and getting into the light phase secondary of one-level short-distance distillers; Pressure-controlling is at 10Pa, and thermal oil is through short-distance distiller cylinder shell chuck, material is continued to be heated to 215 ℃ of heating after light phase component overflow; Be condensed into liquid in the built-in condensing surface in short-distance distiller, about 60 ℃ of temperature is discharged from the short-distance distiller bottom; Obtain 2# BTX aromatics oil prodn, collect the circular passage of heavy phase component oil in short-distance distiller, temperature is about 215 ℃; Flow out through the lateral discharge port of short-distance distiller; Obtain 3# BTX aromatics oil prodn, noncondensable gas is introduced cold-trap in short-distance distiller, and cold-trap uses-5 ℃ of refrigerated waters with the further condensation of noncondensable gas; Still incondensible noncondensable gas enters atmosphere through vacuum unit with its extraction behind cold-trap.
4, one-level heavy phase secondary short-path distillation
The one-level heavy phase oil of separating from two one-level short-path distillations respectively through being mixed into surge tank, gets into one-level heavy phase secondary short-distance distiller; Pressure-controlling is at 10Pa, and thermal oil is heated to 270 ℃ with material from 230 ℃ through short-distance distiller cylinder shell chuck; The light phase component in heating back is overflowed, and is condensed into liquid in the built-in condensing surface in short-distance distiller, about 70 ℃ of temperature; Discharge from the short-distance distiller bottom, obtain 4# BTX aromatics oil prodn, collect the circular passage of heavy phase component oil in short-distance distiller; Temperature flows out through the lateral discharge port of short-distance distiller about 270 ℃, obtains the overweight aromatic hydrocarbon product of raffinate; Noncondensable gas is introduced cold-trap in short-distance distiller; With the further condensation of noncondensable gas, still incondensible noncondensable gas enters atmosphere through vacuum unit with its extraction to cold-trap behind cold-trap with-5 ℃ of refrigerating fulids.
The result lists in table 1
Table 1 product yield and quality index
Instance 2:
Getting 10KG 380# oil fuel follows these steps to implement
1, pre-treatment
Heavy oil feedstock is heated to 105 ℃ of drying towers of going into to outgas through filtration, heat exchange; The tower internal pressure is controlled at 600Pa; Deviate from raw material water content in oil and dissolved gas, the dried heavy oil feedstock that outgases ℃ is gone into rectifying tower through heat exchange, Heating temperature to 180, with thermal oil raw material is heated to 220 ℃ by rectifying tower bottom reboiler; The tower internal pressure is deviate from lightweight oil under the 2000Pa condition, promptly obtain 1# BTX aromatics oil prodn;
2, one-level short-path distillation
The raw oil that comes out from rectifying tower gets into the one-level short-distance distiller of two parallel operations uniformly respectively, and two one-level short-distance distillers are separating of oil with the gently oily mutually and heavy phase in the raw material.The device internal pressure is controlled at 10Pa, and thermal oil is heated to 245 ℃ through short-distance distiller cylinder shell chuck with material, and the light phase component in heating back is overflowed; Be condensed into liquid in the built-in condensing surface in short-distance distiller, about 60 ℃ of temperature is discharged light phase component oil from the short-distance distiller bottom; Collect the circular passage of heavy phase component oil in short-distance distiller, temperature flows out through the lateral discharge port of short-distance distiller about 245 ℃; Noncondensable gas is introduced cold-trap in short-distance distiller; With the further condensation of noncondensable gas, still incondensible noncondensable gas enters atmosphere through vacuum unit with its extraction to cold-trap behind cold-trap with-5 ℃ of refrigerated waters.
3, the light phase secondary of one-level short-path distillation
The one-level of separating from two one-level short-path distillations respectively is oil mutually gently, through being mixed into surge tank, being heated 190 ℃ through hotline heater and getting into the light phase secondary of one-level short-distance distillers; Pressure-controlling is at 10Pa, and thermal oil is through short-distance distiller cylinder shell chuck, material is continued to be heated to 215 ℃ of heating after light phase component overflow; Be condensed into liquid in the built-in condensing surface in short-distance distiller, about 60 ℃ of temperature is discharged from the short-distance distiller bottom; Obtain 2# BTX aromatics oil prodn, collect the circular passage of heavy phase component oil in short-distance distiller, temperature is about 215 ℃; Flow out through the lateral discharge port of short-distance distiller; Obtain 3# BTX aromatics oil prodn, noncondensable gas is introduced cold-trap in short-distance distiller, and cold-trap uses-5 ℃ of refrigerated waters with the further condensation of noncondensable gas; Still incondensible noncondensable gas enters atmosphere through vacuum unit with its extraction behind cold-trap.
4, one-level heavy phase secondary short-path distillation
The one-level heavy phase oil of separating from two one-level short-path distillations respectively through being mixed into surge tank, gets into one-level heavy phase secondary short-distance distiller; Pressure-controlling is at 10Pa, and thermal oil is heated to 260 ℃ with material from 230 ℃ through short-distance distiller cylinder shell chuck; The light phase component in heating back is overflowed, and is condensed into liquid in the built-in condensing surface in short-distance distiller, about 60 ℃ of temperature; Discharge from the short-distance distiller bottom, obtain 4# BTX aromatics oil prodn, collect the circular passage of heavy phase component oil in short-distance distiller; Temperature flows out through the lateral discharge port of short-distance distiller about 260 ℃, obtains the overweight aromatic hydrocarbon product of raffinate; Noncondensable gas is introduced cold-trap in short-distance distiller; With the further condensation of noncondensable gas, still incondensible noncondensable gas enters atmosphere through vacuum unit with its extraction to cold-trap behind cold-trap with-5 ℃ of refrigerating fulids.
The result lists in table 2
Table 2 product yield and quality index
Most preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated, and various variations or the remodeling made by those of ordinary skills can not depart from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. heavy oil short-path distillation (short-path distillation) continuous production processes; It is to use heavy oil to be raw material residual oil, wax oil, slurry oil, fuel wet goods; It is characterized in that through pre-treatment through secondary filter, heat exchange, heating, temperature is at 100-230 ℃; Pressure is at 500-3000Pa, earlier after degassing drying tower deviate from moisture, dissolved gas and deviate from low boiling component through rectifying tower; Get into the one-level short-distance distiller then, to 240-260 ℃, pressure is at 5-20Pa with heat-conducting oil heating; Cutting and separating goes out one-level gently oil and one-level heavy phase oil mutually, one-level gently mutually oil behind surge tank, go into the light phase secondary of one-level short-distance distiller, arrive 215-250 ℃ with heat-conducting oil heating; Pressure is at 5-20Pa; With the gently mutually separating of oil acquisition of one-level 2# BTX aromatics oil and 3# BTX aromatics oil prodn, the one-level heavy phase is gone into one-level heavy phase secondary short-distance distiller, arrives 270-290 ℃ with heat-conducting oil heating; Pressure is at 5-20Pa, with the separating of oil acquisition of one-level heavy phase 4# BTX aromatics oil and residual night overweight aromatic hydrocarbon product.
2. heavy oil short-path distillation as claimed in claim 1 (short-path distillation) continuous production processes, the said heavy oil of its characteristic is residual oil, wax oil, slurry oil, oil fuel.
3. a kind of heavy oil short-path distillation as claimed in claim 1 (short-path distillation) production technique is characterized in that described pre-treatment is that secondary filter removes the solia particle in the raw oil, through heat exchange and preheating; Temperature is at 100-110 ℃; The drying tower of going into to outgas, tower internal pressure 500-1000Pa deviates from raw material water content in oil and dissolved gas; And then go into rectifying tower to 180-200 ℃ through heat exchange, Heating temperature; With thermal oil raw material is heated to 200-240 ℃ by rectifying tower bottom reboiler, the tower internal pressure is isolated lower boiling lightweight oil component product at 2000-3000Pa in rectifying tower.
4. a kind of heavy oil short-path distillation as claimed in claim 1 (short-path distillation) production technique; It is characterized in that described one-level short-path distillation is with thermal oil temperature of charge in the device to be heated to 240-260 ℃; Pressure is at 5-20Pa, and the raw oil cutting and separating is gone out one-level, and gently oil and one-level heavy phase are oily mutually.
5. a kind of heavy oil short-path distillation as claimed in claim 1 (short-path distillation) production technique; It is characterized in that described one-level is gently oily mutually behind surge tank; To 200-230 ℃, go into the light phase secondary of one-level short-distance distiller with heat-conducting oil heating, arrive 215-250 ℃ with heat-conducting oil heating; Pressure separates obtaining 2# BTX aromatics oil and 3# BTX aromatics oil prodn at 5-20Pa.
6. a kind of heavy oil short-path distillation as claimed in claim 1 (short-path distillation) production technique; It is characterized in that described one-level heavy phase oil is behind surge tank; Go into one-level heavy phase secondary short-distance distiller; To 270-290 ℃, pressure is at 5-20Pa with heat-conducting oil heating, separate obtain 4# BTX aromatics oil and residual night overweight aromatic hydrocarbon product.
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| CN102719266B (en) | 2014-03-12 |
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