CN102713236B

CN102713236B - Fuel injector actuator assemblies and associated methods of use and manufacture

Info

Publication number: CN102713236B
Application number: CN201080048892.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗伊·E·麦卡利斯特
Original assignee: McAlister Technologies LLC
Current assignee: McAlister Technologies LLC
Priority date: 2009-08-27
Filing date: 2010-07-21
Publication date: 2015-03-11
Anticipated expiration: 2030-07-21
Also published as: KR20120043136A; KR20120058573A; KR101179798B1; CN102713236A

Abstract

The present disclosure is directed to integrated injector/igniters providing efficient injection, ignition, and complete combustion of various types of fuels. One example of such an injectors/igniter can include a body having a base portion opposite a nozzle portion. The base portion receives the fuel into the body and the nozzle portion can be positioned adjacent to the combustion chamber. The injector further includes a valve carried by the nozzle portion that is movable between a closed position and an open position to inject the fuel into the combustion chamber. An actuator is coupled the valve and extends longitudinally through the body towards the base portion, and a driver is carried by the body and is movable between a first position and a second position. In the first position the driver does not move the actuator and in the second position the driver moves the actuator to move the valve to the open position.

Description

Fuel injector actuator and the correlation technique using and manufacture

the cross reference of related application

This application claims the preference of following application and power of being benefited: the name submitted on August 27th, 2009 is called the U.S. Provisional Application No.61/237 of " OXYGENATED FUEL PRODUCTION ", 425; The name submitted on August 27th, 2009 is called the U.S. Provisional Application No.61/237 of " MULTIFUELMULTIBURST ", 466; The name submitted on August 27th, 2009 is called the U.S. Provisional Application No.61/237 of " FULL SPECTRUM ENERGY ", 479; The name submitted on October 19th, 2009 is called the U.S. Patent application No.12/581 of " MULTIFUEL STORAGE, METERINGAND IGNITION SYSTEM ", 825; The name submitted on December 7th, 2009 is called the U.S. Patent application No.12/653 of " INTEGRATED FUEL INJECTORS AND IGNITERSAND ASSOCIATED METHODS OF USE AND MANUFACTURE ", 085; The name submitted on December 7th, 2009 is called the PCT application No.PCT/US09/67044 of " INTEGRATEDFUEL INJECTORS AND IGNITERS AND ASSOCIATED METHODS OFUSE AND MANUFACTURE "; The name submitted on February 13rd, 2010 is called the U.S. Provisional Application No.61/304 of " FULL SPECTRUM ENERGY AND RESOURCEINDEPENDENCE ", 403; And the name of submission on March 9th, 2010 is called the U.S. Provisional Application No.61/312 of " SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING HIGHVOLTAGE RF SHIELDING, FOR EXAMPLE, FOR USE WITH A FUELINJECTOR ", 100.Each of these applications is all combined in herein by quoting as proof with its full content.

Technical field

Following discloses are broadly directed to integrated fuel injector and igniter and the associated components for directly spraying and light various fuel in a combustion chamber.

Background technique

Fuel injection system be generally used for injected fuel spray is ejected into motor intake manifold or firing chamber in.Since the later stage in the 1980's, fuel injection system has almost substituted Carburetor completely becomes main fuel transporting system for motor car engine.Usually two fundamental functions can be realized for the fuel injector in these fuel injection systems.The first, the fuel of their conveying and metering amounts is used for each induction stroke of motor, makes it possible to the suitable air-fuel ratio being kept for fuel combustion.The second, their dispersion fuels are to improve the efficiency of combustion process.Traditional fuel ejecting system is connected to pressurized fuel supplier usually, and fuel metering inputs in firing chamber by the time can opened by changing sparger.Fuel can also be distributed in firing chamber by the aperture in sparger by forcing fuel.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Figure 1A is the schematic section side view of the sparger constructed according to embodiment of the present disclosure.

Figure 1B is the side cross-sectional view of the sparger according to another embodiment structure of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is the partial side view in cross section of the sparger according to another embodiment structure of the present disclosure.

Fig. 3 A is the stereogram of the parts of the sparger of Figure 1B and Fig. 2.

Fig. 3 B is substantially along the side cross-sectional view that the line 3B-3B of Fig. 3 A intercepts, and Fig. 3 C is substantially along the side cross-sectional view that the line 3C-3C of Fig. 3 A intercepts.

Fig. 4 is the partial side view in cross section of the nozzle segment of sparger according to another embodiment of the present disclosure structure.

Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B is according to the valve assembly of other embodiment structure of the present disclosure and the schematic diagram of nozzle assembly.

Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B is the side cross-sectional view of sparger according to another embodiment of the present disclosure structure and the side cross-sectional view of exploded respectively.

Fig. 6 C and Fig. 6 D is the side cross-sectional view of multiple features of the parts of the sparger that Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B are shown.

Fig. 6 E and Fig. 6 F is plan view from above and the side view of the conductive holding assembly of the sparger of Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B respectively.

Fig. 6 G is the partial side view in cross section of the nozzle segment of the sparger of Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B.

Fig. 7 A is the side cross-sectional view according to the also sparger of embodiment's structure of the present disclosure.

Fig. 7 B is the partial side view in cross section of the amplification of valve assembly, and Fig. 7 C is the side view of the valve guide of the sparger of Fig. 7 A.

Fig. 7 D is substantially along the side cross-sectional view that the line 7D-7D of Fig. 7 A intercepts.

Fig. 8 A is the side cross-sectional view of the sparger according to another embodiment structure of the present disclosure.

Fig. 8 B is the main plan view of the actuator stretcher of the sparger of Fig. 8 A.

Fig. 9 A is the partial side view in cross section of the valve actuating assembly for sparger according to another embodiment structure of the present disclosure, and Fig. 9 B is the detail drawing of the amplification of a part for the assembly of Fig. 9 A.

Embodiment

The U.S. Patent application No.12/006 that the name that on January 7th, 2008 submits to is called by the application " MULTIFUEL STORAGE; METERING AND IGNITION SYSTEM ", 774 (is U.S. Patent No. 7 now, 628,137) full content of theme is combined in herein by quoting as proof.The application is by quoting the full content of the theme of each in the following U.S. Patent application that is incorporated into and submits on July 21st, 2010 as proof simultaneously, and its name is called: " INTEGRATED FUEL INJECTORSAND IGNITERS AND ASSOCIATED METHODS OF USE ANDMANUFACTURE " (attorney docket No.69545-8031US); " INTEGRATED FUELINJECTORS AND IGNITERS WITH CONDUCTIVE CABLEASSEMBLIES " (attorney docket No.69545-8033US); " SHAPING A FUELCHARGE IN A COMBUSTION CHAMBER WITH MULTIPLE DRIVERSAND/OR IONIZATION CONTROL " (attorney docket No.69545-8034US); " CERAMIC INSULATOR AND METHODS OF USE ANDMANUFACTURE THEREOF " (attorney docket No.69545-8036US); " METHODAND SYSTEM OF THERMOCHEMICAL REGENERATION TO PROVIDEOXYGENATED FUEL, FOR EXAMPLE, WITH FUEL-COOLED FUELINJECTORS " (attorney docket No.69545-8037US); And " METHODS ANDSYSTEMS FOR REDUCING THE FORMATION OF OXIDES OFNITROGEN DURING COMBUSTION IN ENGINES " (attorney docket No.69545-8038US).

general introduction

Present disclosure describes and be configured for pluralities of fuel and the device, the system and method that comprise the fuel injector of integrated igniter for providing.The integrated fuel that the disclosure also describes for internal-combustion engine sprays and ignition mechanism, and the related system relevant with it, assembly, parts and method.Such as, several being broadly directed in embodiment as described below can optimize the injection of various fuel and the adaptable fuel injector/igniter of burning based on combustion chamber conditions.Some details makes elaboration in the following description with in Figure 1A to Fig. 9 to provide the complete understanding to each embodiment of the present disclosure.But, below other details describing the well-known structure relevant with the other side of internal-combustion engine, sparger, igniter and/or combustion system and system is not usually set forth, in order to avoid unnecessarily weaken the explanation to each embodiment of the present disclosure.Therefore, be appreciated that multiple being provided in the details of following elaboration illustrates following examples, to be enough to make those skilled in the art can manufacture and use the disclosed embodiments.But multiple in details as described below and advantage may not be that to implement some embodiment of the present disclosure necessary.

Many details, size, angle, shape and further feature shown in accompanying drawing is only the illustration to specific embodiment of the present disclosure.Therefore, other embodiment can have other details, size, angle and feature when not departing from spirit or scope of the present disclosure.In addition, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that other embodiment of the present disclosure can implement when not have in details as described below multiple.

Being included at least one embodiment of the present disclosure with reference to referring to the special characteristic, structure or the characteristic that describe relatively with this embodiment to " embodiment " or " embodiment " in whole specification.Therefore, the word " in one embodiment " occurred in the diverse location in whole specification or " in an embodiment " might not always refer to same embodiment.In addition, specific feature, structure or characteristic can combine in any suitable way in one or more embodiment.The title provided herein only conveniently, does not explain scope of disclosure required for protection or meaning.

Figure 1A is the schematic section side view of the integrated sparger/igniter 110a (" sparger 110a ") constructed according to embodiment of the present disclosure.Sparger 110a shown in Figure 1A to be configured to different fuel to be ejected in the 104a of firing chamber and to be controlled so as to adjust fuel adaptively based on the combustion characteristic in the 104a of firing chamber and state and sprays or the pattern of blast and/or frequency.Explain as following, sparger 110a and other sparger described herein can optimize the fuel of the injection for rapid-ignition and perfect combustion.Except burner oil, sparger 110a comprises one or more the integrated ignition Characteristics of the fuel being configured to light injection.Like this, sparger 110a can be used to traditional combustion engine to convert to and can operate under multiple different fuel.Although multiple features of shown sparger 110a schematically show for illustrating object, it is multiple that each feature referring to embodiment of the present disclosure describes in detail in these features schematically shown.Therefore, the relative positioning of the parts schematically shown of sparger in Figure 1A, position, size, directed etc. and the not intended to be limiting disclosure.

In the embodiment shown, sparger 110a comprises the shell or body 112a with intermediate portion 116a, and intermediate portion 116a extends between base segments 114a and nozzle segment 118a.Nozzle segment 118a extends with at least in part by the port in engine head 107a, so that the end sections 119a of nozzle segment 118a is positioned at the interface with firing chamber 104a.Sparger 110a also comprises fuel passage or passage 123a, and fuel passage or passage 123a extend to nozzle segment 118a from base segments 114a by body 112a.Passage 123a is configured so that fuel flows through body 112a.What passage 123a was also configured so that sparger 110a is such as that other parts of actuator 122a, meter unit and/or energy elements are through body 112a.In certain embodiments, actuator 122a can be cable or bar, and cable or bar have the first end part being operatively attached to flow control device or the valve 120a carried by the end sections 119a of nozzle segment 118a.Actuator 122a can be one with valve 120a or the independently parts being attached to valve 120a.Like this, Flow valve 120a is near locating with the interface of firing chamber 104a.Although do not illustrate in figure ia, in certain embodiments, sparger 110a can comprise more than one Flow valve and one or more safety check being positioned at other position near the 104a of firing chamber and on body 112a.

According to another feature of illustrated embodiment, actuator 122a also comprises the second end part being operatively attached to plunger or driver 124a.The second end part also can be attached to controller or processor 126a.Controller or processor 126a can be positioned on sparger 110a or away from sparger 110a.As explained referring to each embodiment of the present disclosure, controller 126a and/or driver 124a is configured to fast and actuated actuators 122a exactly, with via Flow valve 120a to burner oil in the 104a of firing chamber.Such as, in certain embodiments, Flow valve 120a can outwards move (such as, towards firing chamber 104a), and in other embodiments, Flow valve 120a can inwardly move (such as, away from firing chamber 104a), to measure and to control the injection of fuel.In addition, in certain embodiments, driver 124a can put location to be remained on by Flow valve 120a to close or sit by tensioning actuator 122a, and driver 124a can loosen or remove tension force in actuator 122a to make Flow valve 120a can burner oil, and vice versa.Driver 124a can in response to controller 126a and other power inductive means (such as, acoustics, electromagnetism and/or piezoelectric part), to obtain the required frequency of burner oil blast and pattern.

In certain embodiments, actuator 122a can comprise one or more integrated sensing and/or transfer member (transmitting component), to detect characteristic and the state of firing chamber.Such as, actuator 122a can be formed by fiber optic cables, the insulation transducer be integrated in bar or cable, or can comprise other sensor to detect and to transmit firing chamber data.Although do not illustrate in figure ia, in other embodiments, and as described in detail below, sparger 110a can comprise other sensor or the monitoring instrument of each position be positioned on sparger 110a.Such as, body 112a can comprise the optical fiber in the material being integrated in body 112a.In addition, Flow valve 120a can be configured to sensing or carrying sensor (carry sensor), to transmit burning data to one or more controller relevant with sparger 110a.These data can via wireless, wired, light or other some transmission medium to controller 126a or other parts.This feedback makes it possible to extremely fast and adjusts with adapting to, for optimizing fuel injection factors and characteristic, such as, comprise fuel delivery pressure, fuel injection start timing, duration of charge, chamber pressure and/or temperature for generation of multilayer or stratified charge, once, repeatedly or the timing of continuous plasma igniting or capacitive discharge etc.

This feedback by controller 126a, driver 124a and/or actuator 126a and accommodation also make it possible to optimize and export, and such as power produces, fuel economy and comprise the reducing or eliminating of generation pollutant effulent of nitrogen oxide.U.S. Patent Application Publication No.2006/0238068 describes the suitable driver for activating the ultrasonic tr-ansducer in sparger 110a as herein described and other sparger, and disclosed in this patent application, full content is combined in herein by quoting as proof.

Sparger 110a optionally can also comprise the igniting and flow adjuster or lid 121a (shown in broken lines in figure ia) that are carried by the end sections 119a of adjacent engine head 107a.Lid 121a surrounds or at least partly around Flow valve 120a.Lid 121a can also be configured to some parts protecting sparger 110a, such as sensor or other monitor component.Lid 121a can also be used as the first electrode of catalyzer, catalyst carrier and/or the igniting for burner oil.In addition, cover 121a and can be configured to affect the shape of burner oil, pattern and/or phase place.Flow valve 120a also can be configured to these characteristics affecting burner oil.Such as, in certain embodiments, cover 121a and/or Flow valve 120a and can be constructed such that the fuel generation flowing through these parts is sharply gasified.More specifically, cover 121a and/or Flow valve 120a and can comprise the surface that there is sharp edge, catalyzer or produced the further feature of gas or steam by the liquid fuel entered fast or liquid and solid-fuelled mixture.Flow valve 120a activate acceleration and/or frequency can also gasify spray fuel.In operation, this gasification sharply make from nozzle segment 118a launch steam or gas burn more fast and fully.In addition, this gasification sharply can be used for the various combinations with the acoustics momentum of the Fuel explosion of superelevation heated liquid fuel and plasma or injection.In other embodiments, the frequency that Flow valve 120a activates can cause plasma to project, to affect shape and/or the pattern of burner oil valuably.U.S. Patent No. 4,122,816 describe the suitable driver projected for being activated plasma by sparger 110a as herein described and other sparger, and the full content of this patent is combined in herein by quoting as proof.

According to another aspect of illustrated embodiment, and as described in detail below, body 112a is made up of one or more dielectric material 117a at least partially, and dielectric material 117a is adapted so that high-energy ignition can burn different fuel, comprises non-refined fuels or low energy densities fuel.These dielectric materials 117a can be provided for high-tension enough electrical insulations of the spark that carries out lighting a fire or isoionic generation, isolation and/or conveying.In certain embodiments, body 112a can be made up of single dielectric material 117a.But in other embodiments, body 112a can comprise two or more dielectric materials.Such as, at least one sections of intermediate portion 116a can be made up of first dielectric material with the first dielectric strength, and at least one sections of nozzle segment 118a can be made up of the dielectric material with the second dielectric strength larger than the first dielectric strength.Have the second relatively powerful dielectric strength, the second dielectric material can protect sparger 110a from heat and mechanical shock, pollution, voltage-tracing etc.Example and the position of these materials on body 112a of suitable dielectric material will be described in detail hereinafter.

Except dielectric material, sparger 110a can also be attached to power source or high-voltage power, to produce ignition event thus the fuel of combustion jet.First electrode can be attached to power source (such as, voltage occurring source, such as electric capacity release, induction or piezoelectric system) via one or more conductor extending through sparger 110a.The region of nozzle segment 118a, Flow valve 120a and/or lid 121a can be operating as the first electrode, to produce ignition event (such as with the second corresponding electrode of engine head 107a, the electric discharge of spark, plasma, compression ignition operation, high-energy capacitor, the spark expanding induction source and/or direct current (d.c.) or high-frequency plasma, be combined with hyperacoustic application to respond to rapidly, promote and complete burning).Explain as following, the first electrode can be configured to have durability and long working life.In other embodiment of the present disclosure, sparger 110a can be configured to provide transformation of energy from source, firing chamber, and/or reclaims used heat or energy, for driving one or more parts of sparger 110a from the energy being derived from combustion incident via thermochemistry regeneration.

Feature above with reference to the sparger 110a described in Figure 1A can be included in following with reference in any one in the embodiment described in Figure 1B to Fig. 9.

the other embodiment of integrated fuel injector and igniter and associated components

Figure 1B is the side cross-sectional view comprising the fuel injection of combination and the sparger 100 of ignition Characteristics constructed according to embodiment of the present disclosure.Explain as following, the illustrated embodiment of sparger 100 comprises electromagnetic actuators assembly and corresponding valve assembly, but electromagnetic actuators assembly and corresponding valve assembly provide the assembly that durable and multiduty mechanical property is strong, for metering fuel exactly to obtain required fuel flow characteristics.In the embodiment shown, sparger 100 is included in the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function aspect multiple features roughly similar to the characteristic of correspondence above with reference to the sparger 110a described in Figure 1A.Such as, sparger 100 comprises the nozzle segment 102 relative with base segments 104.Nozzle segment 102 is configured to the port extended through at least partly in engine head, so that the end of nozzle segment 102 is positioned at the interface with firing chamber.Describe in detail as following, base segments 104 is configured to receive from fuel source (such as, pressurized fuel source) one or more of fuel, nozzle segment 102 is configured by fuel drain passage 103 by fuel area density and/or measure exactly in firing chamber.

In the embodiment shown, sparger 100 comprises forcer 106, and forcer 106 actuating plunger or driver 108 move then to make valve assembly 110.Forcer 106 is positioned in bobbin or housing 109, such as conducting metal shell.Suitable material for forcer bobbin or housing 109 comprises and is such as designed to strengthen the Beryllia of heat trnasfer and the polymer of various graphite, silver and/or filling aluminum.Forcer 108 and/or housing 109 can also be attached to voltage source or other suitable energy 111 and controller.In certain embodiments, forcer 106 can be the solenoid winding as electromagnetic force generator, piezoelectric forces generator or the forcer for other suitable type of making driver 108 move.

Valve assembly 110 comprises actuator 112 (such as, cable, reinforcement cable, bar, valve extension part etc.), actuator 112 has the Flow valve 114 being positioned at nozzle segment 102 place and the actuator retainer 116 being positioned at base segments 104 place relative with nozzle segment 102.In certain embodiments, Flow valve 114 can form with actuator 112.But in other embodiments, Flow valve 114 can separate with actuator 112 and be attached to actuator 112.In addition, in certain embodiments, retainer 116 can be the wire of the second end part being attached to actuator 112, the spring thread of such as compressibility.Such as, retainer 116 can embed in the circular groove in actuator 112 at least in part, the diameter of the promising motion stops of annular slot 116 at least about 50% the degree of depth.But in other embodiments, retainer 116 disclosed herein and other actuator retainer can be the projections of other type any being attached to actuator 112 or forming with actuator 112 on actuator 112.In addition, in other embodiments, retainer 116 can be magnetic-attraction element, such as magnet or permanent magnet.Retainer 116 is positioned on actuator 112, and during with convenient forcer 106 actuator 108 to make actuator 112 move and therefore to open Flow valve 114, retainer 116 contacts the contact surface 113 of driver 108.

In a closed position, Flow valve 114 is against the valve seat 122 in nozzle segment 102.In certain embodiments, the surface of the contact valve seat 122 of Flow valve 114 can be retrofit or the roughly spherical or conical surface of polishing for sealing against valve seat 122.Nozzle segment 102 can also comprise biased or magnetic-attraction element 124, such as magnet, permanent magnet etc., and biased or magnetic-attraction element 124 attracts driver 108 with in being maintained in its closed position at least in part by valve 114 and against valve seat 122 towards nozzle segment 102.Such as, magnetic-attraction element 124 can be attached to controller or computer and optionally attract driver 108 towards nozzle segment 102.In other embodiments, the actuating of driver 108 can overcome the attraction force of magnetic-attraction element 124.The fuel pressure in other bias component and/or sparger 100 explains as following, in can also be utilized to be maintained in its closed position by valve 114.

Driver 108 is positioned in the driver cavities 118 in sparger 100, longitudinally can move to make driver 108 in response to the excitation from forcer 106 in sparger 100.In addition, actuator 112 is positioned in the actuator cavities or opening 120 extending lengthwise through driver 108.Therefore actuator openings 120 makes driver 108 longitudinally can move, until driver 108 contact actuator retainer 116 with reference to actuator 112 in sparger 100.In the embodiment shown, driver 108 also comprises fuel cavity 126, and fuel cavity 126 extends lengthwise through actuator openings 120 and radially spaced apart with actuator openings 120.Fuel cavity 126 is fluidly attached to fuel passage in base segments 104 or passage 128.Fuel channel 128 is also attached to fuel channel 136, and fuel channel 136 is then attached to fuel source, such as pressurized fuel source.In certain embodiments, fuel channel 136 can comprise fuel filter 142, fuel filter 142 be configured to before fuel enters the body of sparger 100 to fuel filter or otherwise make fuel be suitable for use.

In the embodiment shown, base segments 104 also comprises and is positioned at biasing member in fuel channel 128 130 spring of coil pipe stage clip (such as, be such as).Biasing member 130 contacts the first offset surface 132 of driver 108 and the second offset surface 134 of fuel channel 128.Like this, biasing member 130 promotes driver 108 towards nozzle segment 102, in actuator 112 and corresponding Flow valve 114 being maintained in its closed position.

Forcer housing 109 is attached to the first end cap 137 at base segments 104 place, and is attached to the second end cap 138 at nozzle segment 102 place.Housing 109 can attached (such as, the gas tight seal via welding, soldering, melting welding, structural adhesive seal etc.) to each in the first end cap 137 and the second end cap 138, escape from sparger 100 for preventing fuel.Such as the Sealing 140 of O shape circle also can be used to keep housing 109 to be connected with liquid-tight between the first end cap 137 and the second end cap 138.

According to the another aspect of illustrated embodiment, the end sections 144 being arranged in base segments 104 of driver 108 has the shape of conical shaped or frustum.More specifically, the end sections 144 of driver 108 has in conical shaped or the outer end face 146 of frustum shape.The outer end face 146 of driver 108 and the first end cap 137 to have the corresponding contact surface 148 mating profile or shape spaced apart.When Flow valve 114 be arranged in closed position against valve seat 122 and driver 108 be in loosen or non-actuated condition time, the spaced apart first distance D of contact surface 148 of outer end face 146 and end cap 137 ₁.In addition, in this position, contact surface 113 and the spaced apart second distance D of retainer 116 on actuator 112 of driver 108 ₂.Therefore, second distance D ₂driver 108 is made to obtain momentum before the retainer 116 clashing into actuator 112.Such as, the first distance D ₁that driver 108 makes Flow valve 114 move via actuator 112 thus opens total distance that Flow valve 114 advances.More specifically, the first distance D ₁equal second distance D at least approx ₂add the distance that when making Flow valve 114 and valve seat 122 spaced apart fully thus inject fuel in firing chamber, Flow valve 114 moves.In one embodiment, second distance D ₂can at the first distance D ₁about 10% to 40% between.But, in other embodiments, second distance D ₂the first distance D can be less than ₁10% or be greater than the first distance D ₁40%.In other embodiment still, second distance D ₂can eliminate from sparger 100, make when valve in the closed position middle time driver 108 contact actuator retainer 116.

In operation, fuel is introduced in the base segments 104 of sparger 100 by fuel filter 142 by fuel channel 136.When fuel flows through sparger 100, controller can exactly for forcer 106 provides power with actuator 108, driver 108 then makes actuator 112 move to promote Flow valve 114 (that is, making Flow valve 114 inwardly move) from valve seat 122.The driver 108 activated therefore, it is possible to overcome biasing member 130 and/or magnetic-attraction element 124 bias force with motion away from nozzle segment 102.In addition, illustrated embodiment by make driver 1308 can impact actuator retainer 116 with make valve 114 move before at motion second distance D ₂while obtain sizable momentum and relevant kinetic energy, carry out the operation of permissible flow valve 114 under relatively high pressure reduction.Like this, driver 108 can overcome sizable pressure gradient and moves to make Flow valve 114.At elimination second distance D ₂embodiment in, driver 108 directly or instantaneously can make actuator 112 move in response to the electric current in forcer 106.

Forcer 106 makes flow in fuel and the pressure, biasing member 130 and/or the magnetic-attraction element 124 that produce driver 108 can be promoted in response to the current interruptions of controller or forced to move to normally closed position, then makes Flow valve 114 be back to normally closed position.Such as, the distal portions of driver 108 can contact Flow valve 114 or additionally make Flow valve 114 move to closed position on valve seat 122.Apply electric current subsequently to forcer 106, driver 108 can be made to move with contact actuator 112, and again make valve 114 move or from valve seat 122 poppet valve 114 to inject fuel in firing chamber.

Except except fuel filter particle and chip, the filter 142 at base segments 104 place can also act as Catalytic processor, for preventing the monatomic or hydrogen ion of any hydrogen from passing into further in sparger 100, comprise pass into accommodating biasing member 130 fuel channel 128 in.This object is supported by following discovery, although be exposed to the monatomic and hydrogen ion of hydrogen (as run into during welding operation, in sour environment and in metal plating operation period) to make the aging and embrittlement of alloyed steel, these alloys can not become brittle by diatomic hydrogen (H2).Therefore, filter 142 can prevent biasing member 130 due to hydrogen embrittlement cause unfavorable aging.Following reaction equation F1 and F2 summarises and eliminates hydrogen ion and hydrogen atom by the catalysis of filter 142.

2H ⁺+ 2e ^-→ H ₂reaction equation F1

2H → H ₂reaction equation F2

In the process of reaction equation F1, provide electronics by making sparger 100 be grounded to electron source via metallic fuel pipeline 136.Electronics can also be provided to be used for the process of realization response formula F1 by one end of forcer 106 being grounded to conductive shell 109.Can be ensured by the various agent and compound comprising such as oxide (such as zine oxide, tin oxide, chromium oxide (chromia), aluminium oxide and silica) that from the monatomic nucleation of hydrogen be hydrogen diatomic, oxide can be combined in filter 142 as the fiber on surface and/or particle comprising matrix (such as aluminium and/or aluminium-silicon alloys).These fibers, particle and/or other the suitable form be made up of metal and/or the alloy such as aluminium, magnesium or zinc also can be used as the catalyzer in filter 142.Various matrix is carried out similar chemical vapor deposition and/or sputter-deposited and these partially oxidized subsequently metals can be positioned in filter 142, to provide the catalytic process summarized by reaction equation F1 and F2.The fuel of oxidation potential is provided, such as comprise and make these metallic oxides can " oxidation " fuel of self-healing water vapor, name as submitted on August 27th, 2009 is called the U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.61/237 of " OXYGENATED FUELPRODUCTION ", described in 425.Being selected in the embodiment of biasing member 130 at the high strength alloy material such as music wire, spring steel, precipitation hardening (PH) steel or chrome-silicon steel alloy, can also being coated with such as the sacrificial metal of aluminium provides extra protection by making biasing member 130.Such as, can utilize comprise such as hot dip, electrolysis, chemical vapors and/or sputter process any suitable galvanoplastic biasing member 130 is electroplated.

The sparger 100 of illustrated embodiment can also send ultrahigh pressure fuel, comprising with hydrogen is the fuel of feature, take hydrogen as the mixture that the fuel of feature is produced as methane and hydrogen, wherein methane is from anaerobic digestion, pyrolysis or natural gas resource, and hydrogen is reformed by the electrolysis of selected hydrocarbon, pyrolysis and produced.Be such as the hydrogen of 10,000psi, methane, ammonia or other be that these pressurized fuels of the mixture of feature can be supplied to sparger 100 with hydrogen, and measure exactly to obtain required Fuel explosion by sparger 100.

According to another feature of illustrated embodiment, driver 108 is parts that in sparger 100, ratio is relatively grown.More specifically, the large several times of diameter of the comparable driver of longitudinal length 108 of the longitudinal length of driver 108 and the correspondence of forcer 106.This can allow or additionally be convenient to cool these parts by the fuel flowing through sparger 100.More specifically, the fuel flowing through sparger 100 can cool driver 108 and/or forcer 106.Such as, when flowing around driver 108 in the second teasehole when fuel flows along fuel channel or path (longitudinally extending along sparger 100) 113 and when flowing through driver 108 in teasehole or chamber 126 and/or in driver cavities 118 or path (roughly surrounding driver 108) 150, fuel can absorb heat from driver 108.This is favourable in many application of modern overhead valve engine (OHV), because the temperature of environment around the valve gap of motor and/or is below usually close to the operating limit of the polymer making the electromagnetic wire in forcer 106 insulate, therefore modern overhead valve engine (OHV) eliminates in fact the chance of external environment condition heat being expelled to sparger.

Fig. 2 is the partial side view in cross section of the sparger 200 according to another embodiment structure of the present disclosure.Sparger 200 is included in the roughly similar some features of the characteristic of correspondence of 26S Proteasome Structure and Function aspect and the sparger 100 shown in Figure 1B and other sparger disclosed herein.Such as, the sparger 200 shown in Fig. 2 comprises the actuator 112 of fuel channel 136, forcer 106, driver 108 and correspondence and relevant Flow valve 114.Shown sparger 200 also comprises biased or magnetic-attraction element 212 (such as, ring magnet or permanent ring magnet), to attract or to force driver 108 to arrive normally closed position.Valve 114 can also comprise the Sealing 218 such as annular resilient seal member or O shape circle, for needing bubble-free sealing and the application when utilizing the fuel that can make solid particle precipitation or additionally obtain solid particle at valve 114 place.

In the embodiment shown, sparger 200 also comprises multiple other fuel flow path or passage, fuel is guided through all parts of sparger 200 by other fuel flow path or passage, with enable fuel contact these parts surface and cool these parts or by the heat transfer from these parts to fuel.More specifically, for the forcer 106 (multiple solenoid winding can be comprised) in cooling illustrated embodiment, sparger 200 comprises the first fuel coolant path 202 be connected between fuel channel 136 and the inlet dispenser 204 (such as, annular or distributor for annular) at forcer 106 place.Fuel is distributed to around in the housing 109 of forcer 106 by multiple inlet drilling 206 by inlet dispenser 204.Sparger 200 also comprises multiple exit apertures 208, to make fuel can expulsion force generator 106 be collected in outlet distributor or trap 210 (such as, annular or distributor for annular) place.Second fuel coolant path 212 extends to fuel channel 214 from outlet distributor 210.When valve 114 is opened, can by fuel being discharged sparger 200 from fuel channel 214 by arriving fuel drain passage 103.

According to another feature of described embodiment, sparger 200 also comprises other fuel passage 216, and fuel passage 216 radially stretches out fuel can be passed through between forcer 106 and driver 108.Such as, these fuel passage 216 make the teasehole 150 in driver cavities 118 fluidly connect with the housing 109 around forcer 106.Like this, during operation, fuel can also radially outward and/or radially inwardly pass through, to conduct the heat of the parts from sparger 200, such as, from the heat of forcer 106 and driver 108.

In certain embodiments, such as, in four stroke engine application, period occur the scope of time period that fuel sprays be generally complete cycle (such as 720 °) every about 30 ° to 120 ° an of crankshaft rotating.Longitudinal fuel cavity 126 and 113 (Fig. 1) is therefore, it is possible to arrange the quick cooling being used for driver 108, particularly in the time period of the scope of about 30 ° to 120 ° of crankshaft rotating.Like this, driver 108 can be used as Inner heat sink, to receive the heat of releasing from solenoid or forcer 106.Heat in addition can also be expelled to from forcer 106 fuel cycling through each fuel distributor and path 204,206,208 and 216.Therefore, the time period of 690 ° to 720 ° of the crankshaft rotating when driver 108 and valve 114 are in normally closed position, forcer 106 can provide excellent heat dissipation potential to guarantee effective quick acting and long lifetime.

Can be advantageously increased to the fuel being transported to firing chamber from these heat of the member conducts of sparger 100,200, but not loss is in environment.Similarly, by conducting to these heat of the fuel of these spargers embodiment through having this heat dissipation potential, be convenient to obtain energy by thermoelectricity, photoelectricity, vibration and pressure piezo-electric generator.This heat transfer for the long lifetime, friction to minimize with fast operating be also useful, so that cooling Power generator 106 and driver 108 fully.The fuel conducting heat to parts and the correlated characteristic flowing through forcer 106 can realize the modular component assembly of low cost, comprises the forcer 106 be combined in heat-intercepting glass or polymer.

Fig. 3 A is the stereogram of driver 108, and Fig. 3 B is substantially along the side cross-sectional view that the line 3B-3B of Fig. 3 A intercepts, and Fig. 3 C is substantially along the side cross-sectional view that the line 3C-3C of Fig. 3 A intercepts, and multiple features of driver 108 are shown.Common with reference to Fig. 3 A to Fig. 3 C, driver 108 comprises the body 301 with actuator openings 120, and actuator openings 120 also longitudinally extends through body 301 at center.Actuator openings 120 is configured to the actuator 112 receiving Figure 1B movingly.Body 301 also comprises initial fuel passage 128, initial fuel passage 128 is fluidly attached to and actuator openings 120 radially one or more fuel cavity 126 (such as, first shown in Fig. 3 C is to the 6th fuel cavity 126a to 126f) isolated.Fuel cavity 126 extends lengthwise through driver 108, flows through driver 108 to make fuel while contact body 301.Although driver 108 comprises isolated six fuel cavity 126 symmetrically in the embodiment shown, in other embodiments, driver can have the more or less fuel cavity 126 with symmetrical or mal-distribution Pattern localization.The outer surface of body 301 also comprises multiple ridge 304 (Fig. 3 C), can flow to make fuel in driver cavities 118 (Figure 1B) around driver 108.

According to another feature of illustrated embodiment, the body 301 of driver 108 comprises the groove or seam 302 that extend radially outwardly from fuel cavity 128.In certain embodiments, stitching 302 can be the roughly straight seam or groove that extend radially outwardly from actuator openings 120.But in other embodiments, seam 302 can have general curved or spiral-shaped.Seam 302 be constructed to the body 301 of driver 108 at least partially in material discontinuity, in driver 108, form foucault current to prevent operation period.Can also by forming driver 108 prevent this foucault current by having high-resistance ferrimag.

Fig. 4 is the partial side view in cross section of the nozzle segment 402 of sparger according to another embodiment of the present disclosure structure.Nozzle segment 402 is included in multiple features roughly similar to the characteristic of correspondence of sparger as above on 26S Proteasome Structure and Function.But explain as following, nozzle segment 402 is configured to activate when reaching the predetermined of firing chamber or required pressure gradient or additionally inject fuel in firing chamber.This pressure gradient can be referred to as, and such as, is enough to open usually towards the cracking pressure of the Flow valve of closed position.In the embodiment shown, such as, nozzle segment 402 comprise when Flow valve 441 is positioned at closed position contact valve seat 422 outwards open Flow valve 441.Valve 441 is attached to actuator 412 (such as, cable, bar etc.), and actuator 412 extends in fuel passage 426.Actuator 412 comprises the end sections or retainer 431 that engage biasing member 430 (such as, Compress Spring).In the embodiment shown, retainer 431 is integral parts of actuator 412, the end sections be such as out of shape.But in other embodiments, retainer 431 can be the independently part being attached to actuator 412.Biasing member 430 contacts retainer 431 and tensioning actuator 412, is arranged in closed position and contacts valve seat 422 with maintaining valve 441.

Operation period, along with the pressure increase of the fuel in fuel passage 426 is to predetermined cracking pressure, the pressure be applied on valve 441 overcomes the power of biasing member 430, opens Flow valve 441 thus and injects fuel in firing chamber.After pressure drop in nozzle segment 402 burner oil and fuel passage 426, biasing member 430 is by being pushed to Flow valve 441 closing force that closed position provides enough via the retainer 431 on actuator 412.In certain embodiments, the actuating of Flow valve 441 as above can be controlled by means of only the pressure of the fuel in Control Nozzle part 402.But, in other embodiments, nozzle segment 402 can control the actuating of Flow valve 441 by fuel pressure in conjunction with one or more other driver or forcer (such as, magnet, permanent magnet, o, piezo-electric generator etc.).Required cracking pressure can be selected adaptively according to the Characteristics of Burner of monitoring and fuel characteristic.In addition, Flow valve 441 and/or actuator 412 can one or more optical fiber accommodating or other monitor components, to monitor these characteristics in firing chamber.

According to another feature of illustrated embodiment, nozzle segment 402 comprises the electrode 408 of contiguous Flow valve 441.Like this, electrode 408 and Flow valve 441 are configured to produce ignition event, are ejected into the fuel in firing chamber with burner noz(zle) part 402.In certain embodiments, electrode 408 and/or Flow valve 441 can be coated with as ignition catalyzer material or additionally formed by this material, to reduce or eliminate the energy of the ignition event needed for fuel that burning (such as, spark or plasma energy) enters firing chamber.The another kind of alternative scheme of these coatings is the ionization controlling burner oil, disclosed in the U.S. Patent application that name as meanwhile submitted to is called " SHAPING A FUEL CHARGE IN A COMBUSTIONCHAMBER WITH MULTIPLE DRIVERS AND/OR IONIZATIONCONTROL " (attorney docket No.69545-8034US), the full content of this patent application is combined in herein by quoting as proof.

Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B is according to the valve assembly of other embodiment structure of the present disclosure and the schematic diagram of nozzle assembly.More specifically, Fig. 5 A is the schematic diagram of the oil hydraulic circuit 500a that hydraulically actuated valve package 501 is shown.In the embodiment shown, valve assembly 501 comprises the valve 502 being attached to hydraulic actuator 506 and nozzle-end part or tip 504.Actuator 506, therefore, it is possible to hydraulically move, activate or additionally open valve 502, flows through valve 502 to make fuel and discharge nozzle tip 504 enters in firing chamber.Fig. 5 B is for electrically or the schematic diagram of the circuit 500b of electromagnetic ground activated valve 502.In the embodiment shown, valve assembly 501 also comprises the valve 502 being attached to electric or electromagnetic actuators 506 and nozzle 504.Actuator 506 can comprise o or piezoelectric operated assembly, and o or piezoelectric operated assembly, therefore, it is possible to electrically activated valve 502, to open or additionally movement of valve 502, make fuel flow through nozzle tip 504 and enter in firing chamber.According to another feature of Fig. 5 B illustrated embodiment, nozzle tip 504 can be made up of conductive material and be attached to is such as the energy of high-voltage power, thus produces ignition event with corresponding ground connection ignition Characteristics 508.Like this, spark voltage can be transported to nozzle tip 504 to produce ignition event.

Fig. 6 A is the side cross-sectional view of sparger 600, Fig. 6 B is the decomposed side cross-sectional view of the sparger 600 according to another embodiment structure of the present disclosure, and it can comprise the feature of the multiple feature shown in the schematic loop of Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B and the sparger that other combines disclosed herein and igniter.Together with reference to Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B, sparger 600 comprises the base segments 602 relative with nozzle-end part 604.Base segments 602 carries actuator assembly 606, and actuator assembly 606 comprises and is positioned at plunger in the actuator cavities 609 of actuator body 607 or driver 610.Actuator assembly 606 also comprises the Flow valve 614 (Fig. 6 A) of the correspondence in the forcer 608 and actuator cavities 609 of driver 610.Forcer 608 can be solenoid (such as, electromagnetic type or piezoelectricity type) or other suitable winding that can be attached to the energy via joiner 616.Biasing member 612 promotes driver 610 and corresponding Flow valve 614 to normally closed position towards nozzle segment 604.Forcer 608 correspondingly can cause driver 610 away from the motion of nozzle segment 604, to compress biasing member 612 at least in part and to make Flow valve 614 move to open position, makes fuel flow through fuel passage 615.

Base segments 602 also comprises extending portion 617, has the guiding fuel passage 619 (Fig. 6 A) introduced by fuel in actuator cavities 609 in extending portion 617.Pressure joiner 603 can be attached on extending portion 617, to adjust the pressure of the fuel flowed in sparger 600 further.

In the embodiment shown, sparger 600 comprises the first insulator 618 and the second insulator 620 of all parts around sparger 600.More specifically, driver 610 locates (such as, mold) at least in part in the first insulator 618.First insulator 618 and/or the second insulator 620 can be made up of any suitable insulating material, these materials comprise, such as, glass, glass ceramic, hexafluoropropylene (HFP)/tetrafluoroethylene (TFE)-ethenylidene (THV), polyamide-imide (PAI), polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) or Polyetherimide (PEI) insulator.In other embodiment still, these insulators can be transparent insulators, to hold built-in optical (photo-optical) instrument receiving and/or analyze the radiation sent from firing chamber.In addition, other insulating element of these insulators and sparger disclosed herein can be included in material disclosed in U.S. Patent application that the name meanwhile submitted to is called " CERAMIC INSULATORAND METHODS OF USE AND MANUFACTURE THEREOF " (attorney docket No.69545-8036US), and/or formed by the process disclosed in this patent application, the full content of this patent application is combined in herein by quoting as proof.

Fig. 6 C is the side cross-sectional view of multiple features that the first insulator 618 is shown.With reference to Fig. 6 C, the first insulator 618 comprises the base portion relative with nozzle or the second end part 653 or first end part 651.First end part 651 comprises actuator cavities 650, and actuator cavities 650 has the end sections 652 being configured to the general conical receiving driver 610 (Fig. 6 A).First insulator 618 also comprises valve seat 654, and valve seat 654 is configured to when valve 614 is positioned at closed position to contact valve 614 (Fig. 6 A) during interrupts fuel stream.Fuel channel 656 runs through the first insulator 618 from actuator cavities 650 and extends lengthwise through the second end part 653.Also as described in detail below, the second end part 653 is configured to the nozzle tip part of the conduction being attached to sparger 600.

According to another feature of illustrated embodiment, the outer surface of the first insulator 618 comprises the multiple ribs 658 circumferentially extended around first end part 651.In addition, the outer surface of the second end part 653 is roughly level and smooth or plane and extend into the shape with roughly circular cone or frustum.Describe in detail as following, the second end part 653 of the first insulator 618 is configured to coordinate or be additionally assemblied in the chamber of correspondence of the second insulator 620.In addition, the conductive coils 623 (Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B) such as such as transformer coil around the outer surface coiling of the second end part 653 of the first insulator 618, and can be positioned between the first insulator 618 and the second insulator 620 thus in assembled state.

Fig. 6 D is the side cross-sectional view of the second insulator 620.Second insulator 620 comprises the base portion relative with nozzle or the second end part 663 or first end part 661.First end part 661 comprises the first cavity segment 660, first cavity segment 660 and has the roughly conical shape (such as, the sectional dimension of the first cavity segment 660 becomes less towards the second end part 663) attenuated towards the second end part 663.First cavity segment 660 is configured to the second end part 653 of the taper of reception first insulator 618.The second end part 663 of the second insulator 620 comprises the second cavity segment 662 that is relative with the first cavity segment 660 and that extend from the first cavity segment 660.Second cavity segment 662 also has roughly conical shape, but, second cavity segment 660 attenuates (such as, the sectional dimension in the second chamber 662 becomes larger towards the second end part 663, and the contrary direction thus along the first cavity segment 660 attenuates) towards base segments 661.Second cavity segment 662 is configured to, at least in part around the spray tip of the conduction of sparger 600, describe in detail as following.

According to another feature of illustrated embodiment, the outer surface of the first end part 661 of the second insulator 620 comprises the multiple ribs 664 circumferentially extended around first end part 661.These ribs 664 are configured to mate with the rib 658 (Fig. 6 C) of the first insulator 618 or additionally rough alignment.

Referring again to Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B, sparger 600 comprises spray end part or the nozzle ejection tip 621 of conduction.Spray tip 621 can be the metal construction carried by the first insulator 618 and/or the second insulator 620, and is configured to be positioned at interface, firing chamber.Explain as following, spray tip 621 be configured in an individual manner or with the way selection be combined with other fuel metering parts of sparger 600 ground burner oil.In addition, spray tip 621 is attached to is such as the energy of high-voltage power.More specifically, sparger 600 comprises the conductive strips 625 (such as, metal tape) circumferentially extended around the interface between the first insulator 618 and the second insulator 620.Conductive strips 625 can be attached to voltage source, as described in below with reference to Fig. 6 E and Fig. 6 F via conductor or spark lead-in wire.Such as, Fig. 6 E and Fig. 6 F is plan view from above and the side view of the conductive holding assembly 630 comprising the conductive strips 625 being attached to spark or voltage lead 632 respectively.Clamping assembly 630 also comprises releasable locking component 634, so that the attached and removal of conductive strips 625 on sparger 600.Therefore conductive strips 625 and voltage lead 632 removably can be attached to the sparger 600 of Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B by clamping assembly 630.More specifically, together with reference to Fig. 6 A, Fig. 6 B, Fig. 6 E and Fig. 6 F, clamping assembly 630 can be attached to the interface between the first insulator 618 of the intermediate portion of sparger 600 and the second insulator 620, voltage lead 632 is attached to helically coiling conductor 623 conductively via conductive strips 625.

Like this, conductive strips 625 are attached to spray tip 621 via conductor 623, and conductor 623 can be the aluminium or the copper cash that extend to spray tip 621 along the second end part 653 of the first insulator 618.In the embodiment shown, such as, conductor 623 around the first insulator 618 the second end part 653 coiling spirally and be positioned between the first insulator 618 and the second insulator 620.Therefore spark voltage can be delivered to spray tip 621 from suitable high-voltage power.

Referring again to Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B, nozzle segment 604 also comprises the firing chamber component or Sealing 622 that are attached to the second insulator 620.Combustion chamber seal 622 can be the metal construction being configured to the port in engine head can be engaged with multiple screw thread 624 with screwing.Sealing 622 also carries corresponding igniting polar or feature 626 (being denoted as the first ignition Characteristics 626a and the second ignition Characteristics 626b respectively).Although illustrate only two ignition Characteristics 626 in the embodiment shown, in other embodiments, Sealing 622 can carry the multiple ignition Characteristics being suitable for the spark erosion life-span be provided for needed for any specialized application.In certain embodiments, ignition Characteristics 626 can be made up of the material such as Kanthal alloy (Kanthal alloy), this material is provided for resistance heating, catalysis and/or spark ignition when starting, but in the whole operation cycle, after this keep enough hot to provide very low or not have the igniting of power consumption.By obtaining from combustion process this form that heat obtains the heat for lighting a fire, the object of minimization system weight, cost and inefficacy tendency can be advantageously used in, simultaneously also by avoiding loss to improve overall operation efficiency, such as, can return should in the loss of engine cycle (losses of 55 to 75%), alternator (losses of 10 to 30%), storage battery (losses of 10 to 40%) and firing circuit and coil (losses of 10 to 40%).

In some embodiment of the present disclosure, open Flow valve optionally can be controlled by the various configurations of forcer disclosed herein, driver, actuator, Flow valve etc. to the cracking pressure needed for transfer the fuel in firing chamber.But in the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B, spray tip 621 also comprises multiple fuel metering feature, and multiple fuel metering feature can also help prevent and inject fuel in firing chamber in the less desirable time.Such as, Fig. 6 G is the partial side view in cross section of the nozzle segment 604 of sparger 600.As shown in Figure 6 G, spray tip 621 is attached to wire or conductor 623, and wire or conductor 623 to be sealed between the first insulator 618 and the second insulator 620 (not shown in Fig. 6 G) and to be attached to voltage source.

As shown in Figure 6 G, spray tip 621 comprises the fuel cavity 670 that part longitudinally extends in spray tip 621.Fuel cavity 670 is fluidly attached to the fuel channel 656 of the first insulator 618, to be introduced in spray tip 621 by fuel.But in the embodiment shown, fuel cavity 670 does not leave the outlet (such as, fuel cavity 670 can be the blind hole partly extended in spray tip 621) of spray tip 621 at distal portions 671 place of spray tip 621.On the contrary, spray tip comprises the multiple fuel outlet or carrying path 672 that are attached to fuel cavity 670.In the embodiment shown, each fuel area density path 672 extends from fuel cavity 670 with the tilt angle of the longitudinal axis relative to spray tip 621.Spray tip 621 is also coated with sleeve pipe 674 at least in part, such as, for deformable or spring-backed quill 674, sleeve pipe 674 lower than be such as predetermined cracking pressure predetermined pressure situation lower seal fuel area density path 672 in each.Sleeve pipe 674 in case axial displacement, and is limited to the diameter space in the second insulator 620 (Fig. 6 A) by the first insulator 618 grappling.When a predetermined pressure has been reached, spring-backed quill 674 can be out of shape or expand, and fuel is discharged from the fuel cavity 670 spray tip 621 via fuel area density path 672.Therefore, spring-backed quill 674 provides and can, by the pressure controlled other fuel metering feature of the fuel in sparger 600, prevent fuel from passing in firing chamber because of carelessness between predetermined combustion incident thus.

Sleeve pipe 674 can be made up of the multiple different suitable polymer of reflection in such as following table 1.Such as, sleeve pipe 674 can be made up of the multiple suitable polymer comprising general purpose resilient body and be feasible as long-life elastomeric material, because fuel closely passes through along the inside of the sleeve pipe 674 of its cooling.The pole long lifetime of sleeve pipe 674 and firm heat-resisting embodiment can be made by the hollow tube weaving PBO or polyimide fiber on the more flexible film tube of viton, fluorosilicone, PEN, aromatic copolyamide (Aramid) and/or polyimide (Kapton).Additional Protection can be provided by utilizing one or more thin layer applicator assembly of reflective aluminum or chromium.

Table 1: the polymer property of selection

Film characteristics	PBO	KAPTON	ARAMID	PEN
					Melting point DEG C	Nothing	Nothing	Nothing	272
Glass transition DEG C	Nothing	350	280	113
					Young's modulus Kg/mm ²	4900	300	1000-2000	650-1400
Tensile strength Kg/mm ²	56-63	18	50	30
					Stretch percentage elongation %	1-2	70	60	95
Long-term thermal stability	＞300	230	180	155
					Thermal expansion coefficient ppm/ DEG C	-2	20	15	13
Hygroscopicity %	0.8	2.9	1.5	0.4

PBO=polyparaphenylene benzo-dioxazole

Kapton=gathers (4,4 '-oxygen, two penylenes-Pyromellitic Acid imidodicarbonic diamide) (Poly (4,4 '-oxydiphenylene-pyromellitimide))

Aromatic copolyamide=poly-mpd-i (MPIA)

PEN=PEN

Fig. 7 A is the side cross-sectional view according to the also sparger 700 of embodiment's structure of the present disclosure.Sparger 700 shown in Fig. 7 A be included in 26S Proteasome Structure and Function aspect and sparger described herein and at this by the roughly similar multiple features of the characteristic of correspondence of the sparger of the patent with patent application of quoting combination as proof.Like this, multiple features of the sparger 700 as above described can not refer again to Fig. 7 A and be described.In the embodiment shown, sparger 700 comprises first or the base segments 702 relative with second or nozzle segment 704.Base segments 702 comprises pressure fittings 706, and it is such as the fuel source of pressurized fuel source that pressure fittings 706 is configured to be attached to, to be introduced by fuel in initial combustion chamber or passage 708.Fuel marches to fuel passage 710 from initial fuel passage 708 by base segments 702, and fuel passage 710 longitudinally extends to nozzle segment 704 in sparger 700.The Flow valve 712 outwards opened is positioned at nozzle segment 704 place, to measure or additionally to control fuel from fuel passage 710 to the flowing nozzle segment 704.Such as, Flow valve 712 can be seated against on valve seat, and to block or to close flow in fuel, Flow valve 712 can move away from valve seat to inject fuel in firing chamber.Cable-assembly or actuator 714 are operationally attached to Flow valve 712 and move to make Flow valve 712.Actuator 714 can be the similar device that reinforcing bar maybe can hold one or more optical monitoring feature as above described in detail.Actuator 714 can also be attached to computer for controlling sparger 700 or other treatment device.

In the embodiment shown, actuator stretcher or actuator retainer 716 are attached or be additionally attached to actuator 714 at base segments 702 place of sparger 700.Retainer 716 is configured to contact plunger or driver 718, makes driver 718 that actuator 714 can be made to move, to open or close again Flow valve 712.Driver 718 can be made up of ferromagnetic material and be configured to by mechanically, dynamo-electric ground and/or magnetically activate, move to make actuator 714.More specifically, driver 718 is positioned in the driver cavities 720 in base segments 702.First contact surface of driver 718 and the spaced apart first distance D of electromagnetism pole piece 726 ₁, the second contact surface of driver 718 with the spaced apart ratio first of actuator retainer 716 apart from D ₁little second distance D ₂.

Be such as that the forcer 720 of solenoid winding is around the driver 718 in driver cavities 720.In addition, driver 718 is also positioned in driver cavities 720 near the first biasing member 722, second biasing member 724 and electromagnetism pole piece 726.First biasing member 722 can be locate coaxially and the Compress Spring of contact actuator retainer 716 and pole piece 726 around actuator 714.Like this, the first biasing member 722 promotes actuator retainer 716 away from pole piece 726 (such as, towards base segments), with tensioning actuator 714, thus is remained in normally closed position by Flow valve 712.Second biasing member 724 is positioned between driver 718 and pole piece 726.In the embodiment shown, the second biasing member 724 is disc springs, and pole piece 726 can be the electromagnetic pole attracting driver 718.Second biasing member 724 can be made up of the nonmagnetic substance such as nonmagnetic alloy.Like this, the second biasing member 724 can as the Compress Spring promoted by driver 718 away from pole piece 726.Second biasing member 724 also provides enough non-magnetic gaps between driver 718 and pole piece 726, pastes on pole piece 726 to prevent driver 718.In the embodiment shown, it is such as the 3rd biasing member or the magnetic-attraction element 730 of magnet that base segments 702 also comprises, and the 3rd biasing member or magnetic-attraction element 730 attract driver 718 towards base segments 702.

In operation, distribute electric current to forcer 728 or other energy opens Flow valve 712.More specifically, distribute electric current to forcer 728, with towards pole piece 726 driver 718 forced to move.When driver 718 is towards actuator stretcher or retainer 716 motion second distance D ₂time, driver 718 obtained momentum and relevant kinetic energy before impact or contact actuator retainer 716.Actuator retainer 716 to be moved the first distance D towards pole piece 726 ₁, the tension force in release actuator 714 is opened to make Flow valve 712.When driver 718 moves towards pole piece 726, driver 718 compresses the first biasing member 722 and the second biasing member 724.Like this, the first biasing member 722, second biasing member 724 and magnetic-attraction element 730 can promote driver 718 towards base segments 702, to make actuator retainer 716 tensioning actuator 714 and to close Flow valve 712.In addition, when driver 718 is pulsed towards pole piece 726, energy can be applied in forcer 728, to produce impulsive current according to " maintenance " frequency selected, thus pulsation or additionally actuator 718.

Fig. 7 B is the partial side view in cross section of the amplification of the valve assembly of the nozzle segment 704 of the sparger 700 of Fig. 7 A, and Fig. 7 C is the side view of the valve guide 740 of valve assembly 742.Together with reference to Fig. 7 B and Fig. 7 C, nozzle segment 704 comprises insulator 748, and insulator 748 has the fuel passage or passage 746 that longitudinally run through insulator 748 extension.Insulator 748 also comprises valve seat 746, and when valve 712 is arranged in closed position, valve seat 746 contacts valve 712.In certain embodiments, Flow valve 712 can be made up of any suitable material, and comprises the surface characteristic of the liner having precise polished metal surface or be made up of viton, THV, fluorosilicone or another suitable elastomer.Valve assembly 742 also comprises the tubular valve supporting element 744 of the fuel passage 746 extending through nozzle segment 704 coaxially.Tubular valve supporting element 744 is also aimed at coaxially and is attached to the end sections of actuator 714.Tubular valve supporting element 744 goes back biased valve 712, and therefore valve 712 is attached to actuator 714.Tubular valve supporting element 744 longitudinally moves in valve guide 740, and with convenient valve 712 towards with when moving rapidly away from valve seat 746, tubular valve supporting element 744 freely shuttles back and forth and sutaining valve 712 in valve guide 740.

In illustrated embodiment, valve guide 740 is distributions of helically coiling, and it is formed and corresponds to fuel passage 746 one or more screw diameter at the internal diameter at nozzle segment 704 place.Such as, in the embodiment shown, valve guide 740 has first portion 750, second portion 752 and Part III 754, and first portion 750 has the first diameter D of the external diameter corresponding to tubular valve supporting element 744 ₁, second portion 752 has and is greater than the first diameter D ₁the Second bobbin diameter D of first portion 760 corresponding to fuel passage 746 ₂, Part III 754 has and is greater than the first diameter D ₁and be less than Second bobbin diameter D ₂and correspond to the 3rd diameter D of second portion 762 of fuel passage 746 ₃.Valve guide 740 there is the first diameter D ₁part can be the sections of the separation of valve guide 740, or additionally with valve guide 740 there is Second bobbin diameter D ₂and/or the 3rd the other parts of diameter D3 spaced apart.Like this, valve guide 740 has the first diameter D ₁first portion support tubular supporting piece 746, valve guide 740 there is Second bobbin diameter D ₂second portion maintaining valve guide 740 and/or prevent valve guide 740 to be longitudinally moved to outside nozzle segment 702, valve guide 740 there is the 3rd diameter D ₃part III valve guide 740 is positioned in fuel passage 746.In operation, when during the fast actuating at Flow valve 712, tubular valve supporting element 744 moves, valve guide 740 supports and damping tubular valve supporting element 744.

In other embodiment of the present disclosure, sparger 700 can comprise the supporting guide part of similar coiling spirally, and this guide forms two or more different-diameters for supporting other injector part.Such as, the supporting guide part of similar coiling spirally can support, aim at and/or the actuator 714 of damping Fig. 7 A.Such as, in modern diesel engines, and particularly for large-scale stationary engine, the distance between driver 718 and engine head of actuator 714 can be about 12 to 24 inches or larger.

Fig. 7 D is the side cross-sectional view of the actuator 714 substantially intercepted along the line 7D-7D of Fig. 7 A, illustrate that actuator comprises the feature of the actuator in the embodiment of one or more optical fiber, wherein Fiber connection to computer or processor to provide firing chamber data (such as, pressure, temperature etc.).Shown in embodiment as shown in Fig. 7 D, actuator 714 can be made up of the core of optical fiber 770, the distribution that the core of optical fiber 770 can be conducted electricity by one deck or fiber 772 surround, ignition voltage to be delivered to the current-carrying part (Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 C) of Flow valve 712.Optical fiber 770 can be made up of at least any one in following material: sapphire, quartz, aluminum fluoride and/or ZABLAN, to transmit Characteristics of Burner.In certain embodiments, single fiber can have at least about 5 μm or less sectional dimension (such as, diameter).In addition, the inertia that the cooling flowing through the fuel of actuator 714 makes these fibers can keep in fact environment.For example, sapphire from UV far away in there is in infrared scope high internal transmittance from about 150nm to 6000nm.Although derive from through the cooling of fuel prevent the overheated of optical fiber, sapphire still keeping its structural integrity up to when about 1600 to 1700 degrees Celsius, and in about more than 2000 degrees Celsius fusings.Actuator 714 can also comprise high strength fibre (by such as the polyimide of Kevlar (Kevlar) is made) or other high strength fibre of another layer of braiding, with around internal layer.Actuator 714 may further include the oversheath 774 reducing friction, and the oversheath 774 reducing friction can be made up of the material of suitable reduction friction, such as, and the PTFE of THV piping.

Fig. 8 A is the side cross-sectional view of the sparger 800 according to another embodiment structure of the present disclosure.Embodiment shown in Fig. 8 A is included in the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function aspect multiple features roughly similar to the characteristic of correspondence of fuel injector as above.Such as, sparger 800 comprises the base segments 802 relative with nozzle segment 804.At base segments 802 place, sparger 800 comprises the forcer 828 (such as, solenoid winding, piezoelectricity etc.) being configured to excitation or mobile plunger or driver 818.Driver 818 can be in response to the ferromagnetic or ferroelectric parts 818 of the electric current motion flowing through forcer 828.Base segments 802 also comprises electromagnetism pole piece 826 and biasing member or magnetic-attraction element 830, such as, towards base segments 802, driver 818 is attracted to magnet or the permanent magnet of closedown or stop position.Pole piece 826 comprises the teasehole or chamber 870 aimed at fuel passage 810, and fuel passage 810 longitudinally extends through sparger 800.Actuator 814 extends through fuel cavity 870 and fuel channel 810, and is attached to the Flow valve 812 outwards opened at nozzle segment 804 place.

In the embodiment shown, in base segments 802, actuator 814 is attached to actuator retainer or motion stops 816.Actuator 814 is also attached to valve stretcher or actuator stretcher 880 (such as, actuator 814 can be attached to actuator stretcher 880 or be contained in movingly in stretcher 880 by central opening).Actuator stretcher 880 is configured to contact movement retainer 816 with tensioning actuator 814, thus during Flow valve 812 is maintained in its closed position.More specifically, actuator stretcher 880 to be positioned between driver 818 and pole piece 826 and spaced apart with them.Retainer 816 is positioned between driver 818 and actuator stretcher 880.Biasing member 822 (such as, coil or Compress Spring) is towards base segments 802 and promote actuator stretcher 880 away from nozzle segment 804 and make actuator stretcher 880 against motion stops 816.Like this, biasing member 822 contact actuator stretcher 880 with tensioning actuator 814, thus during valve 812 is maintained in its closed position.

When Flow valve 812 is in normally closed position and biasing member 822 promotes actuator stretcher 880 against motion stops 816, actuator stretcher 880 is spaced apart and have gap with driver 818, and actuator stretcher 880 is also spaced apart with pole piece 826 and have gap.Like this, biasing member 822 is by compressing motion stops 816 and preload actuator 814 by actuator stretcher 880.In order to open Flow valve 812 during operation, electric current being applied to forcer 828, moving towards actuator stretcher 880 to make driver 818.Because driver 818 is initial and actuator stretcher 880 is spaced apart, therefore driver 818 can obtain momentum and relevant kinetic energy before contact actuator stretcher 880.When driver 818 contact actuator stretcher 880, driver 818 makes actuator stretcher 880 move to compress biasing member 822 towards nozzle segment 804.When actuator stretcher 880 and corresponding motion stops 816 towards pole piece 826 move and actuator stretcher contacts pole piece 826 time, tension force release in actuator 814, to open Flow valve 812 rapidly under up at least about 1500 barometric pressure, and inject fuel in firing chamber.At the end of required fuel injection time section, the solenoid current in forcer 828 is stopped or instantaneously oppositely, actuator stretcher 880 back into and pole piece 826 and all isolated normally closed position of driver 818 by biasing member 822.Driver 818 also moves to its normally closed position, with adjacent and spaced apart with actuator stretcher 880 with magnet 830.

In certain embodiments, it is required for reducing impact endurance test shock when driver 818 impact actuator stretcher 880.In these embodiments, sparger 800 can comprise contiguous with actuator stretcher 880 and towards driver 818 biasing member or impact and reduce device 882.Impacting reduction device 882 can be such as cage amino methyl disc spring or one or more Bellville packing ring or butterfly spring (coned-disk spring).In addition, in this example embodiment, can reduce vibrations further by arranging the cylinder supporting 803 that diameter cascade declines or diameter reduces, cylinder supports 803 accommodating driver 818 and actuator stretchers 880.More specifically, in the region that supporting 803 can be advanced at actuator stretcher 880, there is the first diameter, and there is the second less internal diameter in the region that driver 818 is advanced.Therefore, when actuator stretcher 880 is by pushing and pressing diameter retainer, impacts the normally closed duty time of reduction device 882 between fuel injection period and make actuator 814 arrive equilibrium position with the acceleration reduced.

Fig. 8 B is the main plan view of the actuator stretcher 880 of Fig. 8 A.Shown in embodiment as shown in Fig. 8 B, actuator stretcher 880 can have disc configuration, and disc configuration comprises the central actuator opening 884 extending through this disc configuration of receiving actuator 814 movingly.Actuator stretcher 880 also comprises and is configured so that fuel flows through multiple fuel openings 886 of actuator stretcher 880.Although illustrated embodiment comprises and to be evenly spaced apart and from six fuel openings 886 of actuator openings 884 radiation, but in other embodiments, actuator stretcher 880 can comprise the fuel openings 886 being greater than or less than six of arranging with symmetrical or dissymmetric mode.

Fig. 9 A is the partial side view in cross section of the valve actuating assembly of sparger according to another embodiment of the present disclosure structure, and this embodiment is particularly suitable for realizing senior control and the adaptability for fuel under high pressure.Fig. 9 B is the detail drawing of the amplification of a part for the assembly of Fig. 9 A.Together with reference to Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 B, assembly 901 be included in 26S Proteasome Structure and Function aspect to as above with reference to multiple features that the character pair of figure 8A and the sparger 800 described in Fig. 8 B and other sparger disclosed herein is roughly similar.Such as, in the embodiment shown, nozzle segment 904 place that assembly 901 is included in sparger is operationally attached to the actuator 914 of Flow valve 912.Actuator 914 is also attached to actuator retainer 916, and actuator retainer 916 is contact actuator stretcher 980 again.As shown in Figure 9 B, actuator retainer 916 can be the part of the expansion being attached to actuator 914 or forming with actuator 914, and actuator retainer 916 has the sectional dimension larger than the corresponding sectional dimension of actuator 914.Such as the biasing member 922 of Compress Spring promotes actuator stretcher 980, make actuator stretcher 980 against motion stops 916 and away from pole piece 926, close Flow valve 916 or in being additionally maintained in its closed position by Flow valve 916 with tensioning actuator 916.Assembly 901 also comprises the driver 918 that can be driven by forcer (not shown).When driver 918 is unexcited and Flow valve 1612 is arranged in closed position, driver 918 is spaced apart and to be positioned to contiguous be such as the biasing member 930 of magnet with actuator stretcher 980.Like this, when valve 912 is arranged in closed position, actuator stretcher 980 and driver 918 and pole piece 926 all spaced apart.

According to the further feature of illustrated embodiment, actuator stretcher 980 has and is configured between the period of energization of assembly 901, be assemblied in the general cylindrical shape shape in driver 918 and pole piece 926.More specifically, driver 918 comprises the end sections 919 with roughly convergent, circular cone or frustum shape, and end sections 919 is contained in the convergent of the correspondence in the end sections 929 of pole piece 926, circular cone or frustum opening at least in part.Driver 918 also comprises general cylindrical shape chamber 921 at end sections 919.Cylindrical chamber 921 setting is of a size of receiving actuator stretcher 980 between period of energization.In addition, the end sections 929 of pole piece 926 also comprises the general cylindrical shape chamber 931 being configured to receiving actuator stretcher 980.Like this, during operation in order to open the Flow valve 912 outwards opened, driver 918 activated to obtain momentum before shock actuator stretcher 980.After shock actuator stretcher 980, driver 918 makes actuator stretcher 980 move and Compress Spring 922, with make actuator stretcher 980 towards pole piece 926 move and the tension force discharged in actuator 914 to open valve 912.At the end of required fuel injection time section, the solenoid current in forcer is stopped or instantaneously oppositely, makes driver 918 no longer apply power to actuator stretcher 980.Like this, actuator stretcher 980 back into and pole piece 926 and all isolated normally closed position of driver 918 by biasing member 922.Driver 918 also moves to its normally closed position, with adjacent and spaced apart with actuator stretcher 980 with magnet 930.

Significantly it is possible to can make various change and modification without departing from the scope of the disclosure.Unless clearly requirement within a context, otherwise in whole specification and claims, word " comprises ", " including " and similar term are interpreted as the meaning with exclusive or exhaustive adversative opening; That is, be the meaning of " including, but are not limited to ".The word of odd number or complex number is utilized also to comprise plural number or odd number respectively.When claim about two or more projects enumerate use word "or" time, this word covers whole explanations of following word: enumerate middle project any one, enumerate in all items and any combination of project in enumerating.

The feature of each embodiment as above can be combined to provide other embodiment.In this manual with reference to and/or all U. S. Patents, U.S. Patent Application Publication, U.S. Patent application, foreign patent, foreign patent application and the non-patent publications listed in request for data list all its full content is combined in herein by quoting as proof.If necessary, each side of the present disclosure can be modified to adopt the concept of the fuel injector and ignition mechanism with various structure and each patent, application and publication, thus provides other embodiment of the present disclosure.

Can be made these and other according to above-mentioned detailed description to the disclosure to change.Usually, in following claim, the term used will not be interpreted as the disclosure to be restricted to specific embodiment disclosed in specification and claims, and should be interpreted as comprising all system and methods according to claim operation.Therefore, the present invention is not by restriction of the present disclosure, and on the contrary, its scope is broadly determined by following claim.

Claims

1. be configured to the fuel injector injected fuel in firing chamber, described fuel injector comprises:

Body, described body has the base segments relative with nozzle segment, and wherein, described base segments is configured to described fuel joint to receive in described body, and described nozzle segment is configured to location, contiguous described firing chamber;

Valve, described valve is carried by described nozzle segment, and wherein, described valve is movable between closed position and open position, to be ejected in described firing chamber by described fuel;

Actuator, described actuator connects described valve and longitudinally extends through described body towards described base segments; And

Driver, described driver is carried by described body and is movable between the first location and the second location, the burning cavity that the longitudinal direction that described driver comprises one or more non-central setting runs through and multiple ridges are on the outer surface to make flow in fuel warp and to flow around described driver, wherein, in described primary importance, described driver and described actuator spaced apart, and in the described second place, described driver makes described actuator movements move to described open position to make described valve.

2. fuel injector as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described actuator also comprises retainer, and when described driver makes described actuator movements, described driver contacts described retainer.

3. fuel injector as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described driver comprises the central chamber longitudinally running through described driver and extend, and described actuator is positioned in described chamber movingly.

4. fuel injector as claimed in claim 3, wherein, when described fuel is through described sparger, described fuel flows through the described chamber in described driver.

5. fuel injector as claimed in claim 1, also comprise the biasing member carried by the described base segments of described body, wherein said biasing member promotes described driver towards described primary importance.

6. fuel injector as claimed in claim 1, wherein, when described driver is arranged in described primary importance, described driver contacts described valve and is remained in described closed position by described valve at least in part.

7. fuel injector as claimed in claim 1, also comprise the forcer being operationally attached to controller, wherein, described forcer causes the motion of described driver between described primary importance and the second place, distributes with the fuel needed for obtaining via described valve.

8. fuel injector as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described driver the described actuator of contact with make described valve move to described open position before obtain momentum at least in part.

9. fuel injector as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described actuator extends through described body and is positioned at described driver coaxially.

10. fuel injector as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described actuator comprises and runs through the extension of described actuator and one or more monitoring fiber being operationally attached to described valve, one or more monitoring fibrous structure described becomes to detect one or more Characteristics of Burner, and one or more Characteristics of Burner described is transferred to controller.

11. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 1, wherein, when described driver moves to the described second place from described primary importance, described driver motion is away from described nozzle segment.

12. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 1, also comprise the biasing member carried by the described base segments of described body, wherein, described biasing member promotes described driver towards described nozzle segment.

13. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 1, also comprise the magnetic-attraction element carried by described nozzle segment, wherein, described driver remains in described primary importance by described magnetic-attraction element at least in part.

14. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 1, wherein, when described driver moves to the described second place from described primary importance, described driver moves towards described nozzle segment.

15. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described actuator comprises retainer, and described fuel injector also comprises:

Actuator stretcher, described actuator stretcher is configured to contact described retainer; And

Biasing member, described biasing member promotes described actuator stretcher away from described nozzle segment, to provide the tension force in described actuator and at least in part described valve to be remained in described closed position, wherein, when described driver moves to the described second place from described primary importance, described driver contacts described actuator stretcher, to remove the described tension force in described actuator at least in part, thus makes described valve move to described open position.

16. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 15, wherein, when described driver is positioned at described primary importance, described driver and described actuator stretcher spaced apart.

17. 1 kinds are configured to the fuel injector injected fuel in firing chamber, and described fuel injector comprises:

Be positioned at the valve of described spray nozzle part office, wherein, described valve is movable between closed position and open position;

Actuator, described actuator has the first end part and the second end part relative with described first end part that are attached to described valve, and wherein, described the second end part has retainer;

Driver, it is also movable between the first position and the second position that described driver is positioned in described body, described driver comprises the fuel passage of the longitudinal extension of one or more non-central setting, wherein, in described primary importance, described driver and described retainer spaced apart, and in the described second place, described driver contacts described retainer and axially moves away from described nozzle segment to make described actuator, thus makes described valve move to described open position.

18. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 17, also comprise the biasing member carried by the described base segments of described body, wherein, described biasing member promotes described driver towards described nozzle segment and is remained in described primary importance by described driver at least in part.

19. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 17, wherein, described driver comprises the first end part relative with the second end part, when described driver is positioned at described primary importance, described in described first end part contact, valve is to remain on described valve in described closed position at least in part, and the described retainer of actuator described in described the second end part contact moves to described open position to make described valve.

20. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 19, wherein, the described the second end part of described driver has conical shaped or frustum shape.

21. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 17, wherein, described driver comprises the actuator openings of the core extending lengthwise through described driver, and described actuator extends through described actuator openings, and described driver is movable independent of described actuator.

22. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 21, wherein, described driver also comprises radially spaced apart with described actuator openings and extends lengthwise through the fuel passage of described driver, and described fuel passage is configured so that fuel flows through described driver.

23. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 17, also comprise the magnet carried by described nozzle segment, wherein, described magnet attracts described driver towards described nozzle segment, to be remained in the described second place by described driver at least in part.

24. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 17, also comprise the forcer carried by described body, and wherein, described forcer is configured to generation electromagnetic force or piezoelectric forces is moved to make described driver.

25. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 17, wherein, when described driver motion is away from described primary importance, described driver to move the first distance before the described retainer of contact, and when the motion of described driver away from described primary importance to make described valve move to described open position time, described driver motion is greater than the second distance of described first distance.

26. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 25, wherein, described first distance is at least 10-40% of described second distance.

27. 1 kinds are configured to the fuel injector injected fuel in firing chamber, and described fuel injector comprises:

First insulator body and the first fuel passage, described first insulator body has the first end part relative with the second end part, and described first fuel passage extends to described the second end part from described first end part;

Second insulator body, described second insulator body has the opening longitudinally running through described second insulator body and extend, and wherein, the described the second end part of described first insulator body is positioned in the described opening of described second insulator body;

Conductor, described conductor is positioned between the described the second end part of described second insulator body and described first insulator body, and wherein, described conductor configuration becomes to be attached to the energy;

The conduction nozzle ejection being attached to described conductor is most advanced and sophisticated, wherein, described nozzle ejection tip comprises the second fuel passage being fluidly attached to described first fuel passage, and described nozzle ejection tip is carried by the described the second end part of described first insulator body and extends through a part for described second insulator body;

Valve, described valve is carried by the described first end part of described first insulator body, and wherein, described valve is movable relative to described first fuel passage between closed position and open position; And

Driver, described driver is positioned in the described first end part of described first insulator body movingly, and described driver comprises the fuel passage of the longitudinal extension of one or more non-central setting and wherein said driver constructions becomes described valve is moved between described open position and closed position.

28. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 27, wherein, the described the second end part of described first insulator has conical shaped or frustum shape.

29. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 27, wherein, described conductor is around the described the second end part helix ground coiling of described first insulator body.

30. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 27, wherein, described opening in described second insulator body has the first open part extended away from the second open part, described first open part has towards the conical shaped of the most advanced and sophisticated straitly convergent of described nozzle ejection or frustum shape, and described second open part has conical shaped or the frustum shape of the straitly convergent along the direction contrary with described first open part.

31. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 27, also comprise the conductive strips of the outer interface be attached between described first insulator body and described second insulator body, and wherein, described conductive strips are attached to described conductor and are configured to be attached to the igniting energy.

32. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 27, also comprise:

Biasing member, described biasing member is positioned in the described first end part of the described driver of vicinity of described first insulator body, wherein, described biasing member is configured to promote described driver towards the described the second end part of described first insulator body, to remain in described closed position by described valve at least in part; And

Forcer, described forcer is positioned in the described first end part of described first insulator body, and wherein, described forcer is configured to the motion causing described driver, moves between described open position and closed position to make described valve.

33. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 27, also comprise the flexibly deformable seal part at least partially covering described nozzle ejection tip, wherein, described deformable seal part is configured in response to the intended fuel pressure gradient resiliently deformable at least in part in described sparger, discharges described nozzle ejection tip to make described fuel.

34. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 27, wherein, described nozzle ejection tip also comprises the multiple fuel area density paths being fluidly attached to described second fuel passage, wherein, each fuel area density path extends away from described second fuel passage with the angle tilted about the longitudinal axis of described nozzle tip part.

35. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 34, also comprise the deformable seal part covering described multiple fuel area density path at least in part.

36. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 27, also comprise metal burner Sealing, described metal burner Sealing is attached to described second insulator body and is configured to can engage with screwing with engine components, wherein, described combustion chamber seal carries one or more ignition Characteristics, and one or more ignition Characteristics described is configured to produce ignition event with described nozzle tip part.

37. 1 kinds are configured to the fuel injector injected fuel in firing chamber, and described fuel injector comprises:

Body, described body has the base segments relative with nozzle segment;

Valve, described valve is carried by described nozzle segment and is movable between an open position and a closed;

Actuator, described actuator has the first end part and the second end part relative with described first end part that are operationally attached to described valve, and wherein, described actuator comprises the actuator retainer being positioned at described the second end part place;

Driver, described driver is carried movingly by described base segments and is positioned between described actuator retainer and described valve, described driver comprises the fuel passage of the longitudinal extension of one or more non-central setting, be configured such that flow in fuel is through described driver, wherein said driver is formed by the material of at least part of magnetic;

Electromagnetic pole element, described electromagnetic pole element is carried by described base segments and is positioned between described driver and described valve; And

Biasing member, described biasing member extends between described driver and described magnetic pole elements, wherein, described biasing member promotes described driver away from described magnetic pole elements, to contact described actuator retainer and actuator described in tensioning, thus at least in part described valve is remained in described closed position, and described driver also compresses described biasing member at least in part towards described magnetic pole elements motion, to remove the tension force in described actuator at least in part, thus described valve is made to move to described open position.

38. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 37, wherein, described biasing member is the first biasing member, and described fuel injector also comprises the second biasing member be positioned between described driver and described magnetic pole elements, and when described driver moves towards magnetic pole elements, described driver compresses described second biasing member at least in part.

39. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 38, wherein, described first biasing member is coil pipe stage clip, and described second biasing member is disc spring.

40. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 38, wherein, described second biasing member is made up of nonmagnetic substance.

41. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 37, also comprise the fuel passage longitudinally extending through described body, and wherein, described fuel passage longitudinally extends through described driver and described magnetic pole elements.

42. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 37, wherein, when described valve moves to described open position, described valve outwards moves away from described nozzle segment.

43. 1 kinds are configured to the fuel injector injected fuel in firing chamber, and described fuel injector comprises:

Body, described body has the base segments relative with nozzle segment;

Actuator, described actuator extends through described body, and wherein, described actuator is attached to described valve and comprises the isolated actuator retainer with described valve;

Actuator stretcher, described actuator stretcher has the first side and second side relative with described first side that are configured to contact described actuator retainer;

Biasing member, described biasing member is positioned between described valve and described actuator stretcher, wherein, described biasing member contacts described second side of described actuator stretcher and promotes described actuator stretcher towards described base segments, also remains in described closed position by described valve at least in part with actuator described in tensioning;

Driver, described driver is carried by the described base segments of described first side being close to described actuator stretcher, described driver comprises the fuel passage of the longitudinal extension of one or more non-central setting, be configured such that flow in fuel is through described driver, wherein said driver is movable between the first location and the second location, and in described primary importance, described driver and described actuator stretcher spaced apart, and in the described second place, described driver contacts described second side of described actuator stretcher, described valve is made to move to described open position with the tension force removed in described actuator.

44. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 43, wherein, when described driver moves to the described second place from described primary importance, described driver obtained momentum before described second side of the described actuator stretcher of contact.

45. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 43, also comprise the magnet carried by described base segments, and wherein, described magnet attracts described driver and remained in described primary importance by described driver at least in part.

46. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 43, wherein, described actuator stretcher comprises center actuator openings and one or more fuel openings isolated radially outwardly with described actuator openings, described actuator extends through described actuator openings, and described fuel openings is configured so that described fuel flows through described actuator stretcher.

47. fuel injectors as claimed in claim 43, also comprise the forcer carried by described base segments, and wherein, described forcer causes the motion of described driver between described primary importance and the second place.