CN102713236A

CN102713236A - Fuel injector actuator assemblies and associated methods of use and manufacture

Info

Publication number: CN102713236A
Application number: CN2010800488922A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗伊·E·麦卡利斯特
Original assignee: McAlister Technologies LLC
Current assignee: McAlister Technologies LLC
Priority date: 2009-08-27
Filing date: 2010-07-21
Publication date: 2012-10-03
Anticipated expiration: 2030-07-21
Also published as: KR20120043136A; KR101179798B1; KR20120058573A; CN102713236B

Abstract

The present disclosure is directed to integrated injector/igniters providing efficient injection, ignition, and complete combustion of various types of fuels. One example of such an injectors/igniter can include a body having a base portion opposite a nozzle portion. The base portion receives the fuel into the body and the nozzle portion can be positioned adjacent to the combustion chamber. The injector further includes a valve carried by the nozzle portion that is movable between a closed position and an open position to inject the fuel into the combustion chamber. An actuator is coupled the valve and extends longitudinally through the body towards the base portion, and a driver is carried by the body and is movable between a first position and a second position. In the first position the driver does not move the actuator and in the second position the driver moves the actuator to move the valve to the open position.

Description

Fuel injector actuator and the correlation technique that uses and make

The cross reference of related application

The application requires the preference and the power of being benefited of following application: the name of submitting on August 27th, 2009 is called the U.S. Provisional Application No.61/237 of " OXYGENATED FUEL PRODUCTION ", 425; The name of submitting on August 27th, 2009 is called the U.S. Provisional Application No.61/237 of " MULTIFUEL MULTIBURST ", 466; The name of submitting on August 27th, 2009 is called the U.S. Provisional Application No.61/237 of " FULL SPECTRUM ENERGY ", 479; The name of submitting on October 19th, 2009 is called the U.S. Patent application No.12/581 of " MULTIFUEL STORAGE, METERING AND IGNITION SYSTEM ", 825; The name of submitting on December 7th, 2009 is called the U.S. Patent application No.12/653 of " INTEGRATED FUEL INJECTORS AND IGNITERS AND ASSOCIATED METHODS OF USE AND MANUFACTURE ", 085; The name of submitting on December 7th, 2009 is called the PCT application No.PCT/US09/67044 of " INTEGRATED FUEL INJECTORS AND IGNITERS AND ASSOCIATED METHODS OF USE AND MANUFACTURE "; The name of submitting on February 13rd, 2010 is called the U.S. Provisional Application No.61/304 of " FULL SPECTRUM ENERGY AND RESOURCE INDEPENDENCE ", 403; And the name of submission on March 9th, 2010 is called the U.S. Provisional Application No.61/312 of " SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING HIGH VOLTAGE RF SHIELDING, FOR EXAMPLE, FOR USE WITH A FUEL INJECTOR ", 100.These the application in each all with its full content through quoting combination as proof in this article.

Technical field

Following discloses are broadly directed to integrated fuel injector and igniter and are used in firing chamber direct injection and light the associated components of various fuel.

Background technique

Fuel injection system generally is used for injected fuel spray is ejected in the intake manifold or firing chamber of motor.Since the later stage in the 1980's, fuel injection system has almost completely substituted Carburetor becomes the main fuel transporting system that is used for motor car engine.The fuel injector that is used for these fuel injection systems can be realized two fundamental functions usually.The first, the fuel of their conveying and metering amounts is used for each induction stroke of motor, makes it possible to be kept for the suitable air-fuel ratio of fuel combustion.The second, their dispersion fuels are to improve the efficient of combustion process.The traditional fuel ejecting system is connected to the pressurized fuel supplier usually, can fuel metering ground be imported in the firing chamber through the time that the change sparger is opened.Can also through the aperture in the sparger fuel be distributed in the firing chamber through forcing fuel.

Description of drawings

Figure 1A is the schematic section side view according to the sparger of embodiment's structure of the present disclosure.

Figure 1B is the side cross-sectional view according to the sparger of another embodiment's structure of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is the partial side view in cross section according to the sparger of another embodiment's structure of the present disclosure.

Fig. 3 A is the stereogram of parts of the sparger of Figure 1B and Fig. 2.

Fig. 3 B is basically along the side cross-sectional view of the line 3B-3B intercepting of Fig. 3 A, and Fig. 3 C is basically along the side cross-sectional view of the line 3C-3C intercepting of Fig. 3 A.

Fig. 4 is the partial side view in cross section according to the nozzle segment of the sparger of another embodiment's structure of the present disclosure.

Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B are according to the valve assembly of additional embodiments structure of the present disclosure and the schematic representation of nozzle assembly.

Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B are respectively according to the side cross-sectional view of the sparger of another embodiment's structure of the present disclosure and the side cross-sectional view of exploded.

Fig. 6 C and Fig. 6 D are the side cross-sectional view of a plurality of characteristics of parts that the sparger of Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B is shown.

Fig. 6 E and Fig. 6 F are respectively the plan view from above and the side views of conduction clamping assembly of the sparger of Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B.

Fig. 6 G is the partial side view in cross section of nozzle segment of the sparger of Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B.

Fig. 7 A is according to the also side cross-sectional view of the sparger of embodiment's structure of the present disclosure.

Fig. 7 B is the partial side view in cross section of the amplification of valve assembly, and Fig. 7 C is the side view of valve guide of the sparger of Fig. 7 A.

Fig. 7 D is basically along the side cross-sectional view of the line 7D-7D intercepting of Fig. 7 A.

Fig. 8 A is the side cross-sectional view according to the sparger of another embodiment's structure of the present disclosure.

Fig. 8 B is the main plan view of actuator stretcher of the sparger of Fig. 8 A.

Fig. 9 A is the partial side view in cross section according to the valve actuating assembly that is used for sparger of another embodiment structure of the present disclosure, and Fig. 9 B is the enlarged detailed of a part of the assembly of Fig. 9 A.

Embodiment

The application is called the name of submitting on January 7th, 2008 the U.S. Patent application No.12/006 of " MULTIFUEL STORAGE; METERING AND IGNITION SYSTEM "; The full content of the theme of 774 (being United States Patent(USP) No. 7,628 now, 137) is through quoting combination as proof in this article.The application is through quoting each the full content of theme that is incorporated in the following U.S. Patent application of submitting to simultaneously on July 21st, 2010 as proof, and its name is called: " INTEGRATED FUEL INJECTORS AND IGNITERS AND ASSOCIATED METHODS OF USE AND MANUFACTURE " (acting on behalf of file number No.69545-8031US); " INTEGRATED FUEL INJECTORS AND IGNITERS WITH CONDUCTIVE CABLE ASSEMBLIES " (acting on behalf of file number No.69545-8033US); " SHAPING A FUEL CHARGE IN A COMBUSTION CHAMBER WITH MULTIPLE DRIVERS AND/OR IONIZATION CONTROL " (acting on behalf of file number No.69545-8034US); " CERAMIC INSULATOR AND METHODS OF USE AND MANUFACTURE THEREOF " (acting on behalf of file number No.69545-8036US); " METHOD AND SYSTEM OF THERMOCHEMICAL REGENERATION TO PROVIDE OXYGENATED FUEL, FOR EXAMPLE, WITH FUEL-COOLED FUEL INJECTORS " (acting on behalf of file number No.69545-8037US); And " METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR REDUCING THE FORMATION OF OXIDES OF NITROGEN DURING COMBUSTION IN ENGINES " (acting on behalf of file number No.69545-8038US).

General introduction

The disclosure has been described and has been used to provide device, the system and method that is configured for pluralities of fuel and comprises the fuel injector of integrated igniter.The disclosure has also been described the integrated fuel that is used for internal-combustion engine and has been sprayed and ignition mechanism, and the related system relevant with it, assembly, parts and method.For example, being described below that several among the embodiment are broadly directed to can be based on the adaptable fuel injector/igniter of the injection and the burning of the various fuel of firing chamber state optimization.Some details is made elaboration so that the complete understanding to each embodiment of the present disclosure to be provided in following explanation He among Figure 1A to Fig. 9.But, do not do elaboration in the face of describing relevant with the others of internal-combustion engine, sparger, igniter and/or combustion system usually well-known structure and other details of system down, in order to avoid unnecessarily weaken to each embodiment's of the present disclosure explanation.Therefore, be appreciated that a plurality of in the details of following elaboration are provided for explaining following examples, so that be enough to make those skilled in the art can make and use the disclosed embodiments.But a plurality of in details that is described below and the advantage may not be that to implement some embodiment of the present disclosure necessary.

Many details shown in the accompanying drawing, size, angle, shape and other characteristic only are the illustrations to specific embodiment of the present disclosure.Therefore, other embodiment can have other details, size, angle and characteristic under the situation that does not break away from spirit of the present disclosure or scope.In addition, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that additional embodiments of the present disclosure can implement under a plurality of situation in not having the details that is described below.

In whole specification, " embodiment " or " embodiment's " reference being referred to special characteristic, structure or the characteristic described relatively with this embodiment is included among at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.Therefore, occurring words " in one embodiment " or " in an embodiment " might not always refer to same embodiment in the diverse location in whole specification.In addition, specific characteristic, structure or characteristic can make up with any suitable mode in one or more embodiment.The title that provides among this paper has been merely convenience, does not explain scope of disclosure required for protection or meaning.

Figure 1A is the schematic section side view according to the integrated sparger/igniter 110a (" sparger 110a ") of embodiment's structure of the present disclosure.Sparger 110a shown in Figure 1A is configured to different fuel is ejected in the 104a of firing chamber and is controlled so as to adjust adaptively based on the combustion characteristic among the 104a of firing chamber and state that fuel sprays or the pattern and/or the frequency of blast.Like following explanation at length, other sparger of describing among sparger 110a and this paper can be optimized and is used for lighting a fire fast and the injected fuel of perfect combustion.Except that burner oil, sparger 110a comprises one or more the integrated ignition Characteristics that is configured to light injected fuel.Like this, sparger 110a can be used to traditional combustion engine is converted to and can under multiple different fuel, operate.Although shown in the schematically illustrated illustration purpose that is used for of a plurality of characteristics of sparger 110a, below describe a plurality of in these schematically illustrated characteristics in detail with reference to each characteristic of embodiment of the present disclosure.Therefore, the relative positioning of the schematically illustrated parts of sparger, position, size, orientation or the like are not to be intended to limit the disclosure among Figure 1A.

In the embodiment shown, sparger 110a comprises shell or the body 112a with intermediate portion 116a, and intermediate portion 116a extends between base portion part 114a and nozzle segment 118a.Nozzle segment 118a extends with at least in part through the port among the engine head 107a, with the end sections 119a with nozzle segment 118a be positioned at firing chamber 104a at the interface.Sparger 110a also comprises fuel passage or passage 123a, and fuel passage or passage 123a extend to nozzle segment 118a from base portion part 114a through body 112a.Passage 123a is configured such that fuel flows through body 112a.Passage 123a is configured such that also sparger 110a's for example passes body 112a for other parts of actuator 122a, meter unit and/or energy parts.In certain embodiments, actuator 122a can be cable or bar, and cable or bar have and operatively be attached to the flow control device that carried by the end sections 119a of nozzle segment 118a or the first end part of valve 120a.Actuator 122a can be one with valve 120a or the independently parts that are attached to valve 120a.Like this, Flow valve 120a is near locating with the interface of firing chamber 104a.Although not shown in Figure 1A, in certain embodiments, sparger 110a can be positioned near the 104a of firing chamber and other position on body 112a comprises Flow valve and one or more safety check more than one.

According to another characteristic of illustrated embodiment, actuator 122a also comprises the second end part that operatively is attached to plunger or driver 124a.The second end partly also can be attached to controller or processor 126a.Controller or processor 126a can be positioned at sparger 110a and go up perhaps away from sparger 110a.Explain at length that like following reference each embodiment of the present disclosure controller 126a and/or driver 124a are configured to fast and actuated actuators 122a exactly, with via Flow valve 120a burner oil in the 104a of firing chamber.For example, in certain embodiments, Flow valve 120a can outwards move (for example, the 104a towards the firing chamber), and in other embodiments, Flow valve 120a can inwardly move (for example, away from firing chamber 104a), with the injection of metering and control fuel.In addition; In certain embodiments; Driver 124a can put the location so that Flow valve 120a is remained on to close or sit by tensioning actuator 122a, and driver 124a can loosen or remove tension force among the actuator 122a so that Flow valve 120a can burner oil, and vice versa.Driver 124a can be in response to controller 126a and other power inductive means (for example, acoustics, electromagnetism and/or piezoelectric part), to obtain burner oil explode required frequency and pattern.

In certain embodiments, actuator 122a can comprise sensing and/or the transfer member (transmitting component) that one or more is integrated, to detect the characteristic and the state of firing chamber.For example, actuator 122a can be formed by fiber optic cables, the insulation transducer that is integrated in bar or the cable, can comprise that perhaps other sensor is to detect and to transmit the firing chamber data.Although not shown in Figure 1A, in other embodiments, and as following detailed description, sparger 110a can comprise other sensor or the monitoring instrument of each position that is positioned on the sparger 110a.For example, body 112a can comprise the optical fiber in the material that is integrated in body 112a.In addition, Flow valve 120a can be configured to sensing or carry sensor (carry sensor), so that to one or more controller transmission combustion data relevant with sparger 110a.These data can be via wireless, wired, light or other some transmission medium to controller 126a or other parts.This feedback makes it possible to adjust extremely fast with adapting to; Be used to optimize fuel injection factors and characteristic, for example comprise fuel discharge pressure, fuel injection start timing, the duration of charge that is used to produce multilayer or stratified charge, chamber pressure and/or temperature, once, repeatedly or the timing of continuous plasma igniting or capacitive discharge or the like.

This feedback and accommodation through controller 126a, driver 124a and/or actuator 126a also makes it possible to optimize output, for example power generation, fuel economy and the reducing or eliminating of generation pollutant effulent that comprise nitrogen oxide.The open No.2006/0238068 of U.S. Patent application has described the suitable driver of the ultrasonic tr-ansducer that is used for activating sparger 110a as herein described and other sparger, and the disclosed full content of this patent application is through quoting combination as proof in this article.

Sparger 110a can also optionally comprise by the igniting of the end sections 119a carrying of adjacent engine head 107a and flow adjuster or lid 121a (shown in broken lines in Figure 1A).Lid 121a surrounds or around Flow valve 120a at least partly.Lid 121a can also be configured to protect some parts of sparger 110a, for example sensor or other monitor component.Lid 121a can also be used as catalyzer, catalyst carrier and/or be used for first electrode of the igniting of burner oil.In addition, lid 121a can be configured to influence shape, pattern and/or the phase place of burner oil.Flow valve 120a also can be configured to influence these characteristics of burner oil.For example, in certain embodiments, lid 121a and/or Flow valve 120a can be constructed such that the fuel that flows through these parts produces sharply gasification.More specifically, lid 121a and/or Flow valve 120a can comprise have sharp edge, catalyzer or the surface that produces the further feature of gas or steam by the liquid fuel of quick entering or liquid and solid-fuelled mixture.Acceleration that Flow valve 120a activates and/or the frequency injected fuel that can also gasify.In the operation, this rapid gasification makes burns from the steam or the gas of nozzle segment 118a emission more fast with fully.In addition, this rapid gasification can be used for the various combinations with the acoustics momentum of the fuel of superelevation heated liquid fuel and plasma or ejaculation blast.In other embodiments, the frequency that Flow valve 120a activates can cause the plasma projection, with shape and/or the pattern that influences burner oil valuably.United States Patent(USP) No. 4,122,816 have described the suitable driver that is used for being activated by sparger 110a as herein described and other sparger plasma projection, and the full content of this patent is through quoting combination as proof in this article.

Another aspect according to illustrated embodiment; And as following detailed description; At least a portion of body 112a is processed by one or more dielectric material 117a, and dielectric material 117a is adapted such that the high-energy ignition different fuel that can burn, and comprises not refined fuels or low energy densities fuel.The spark that these dielectric materials 117a can be provided for lighting a fire or high-tension enough electrical insulations of isoionic generation, isolation and/or conveying.In certain embodiments, body 112a can be processed by single dielectric material 117a.But in other embodiments, body 112a can comprise two or more dielectric materials.For example, at least one sections of intermediate portion 116a can be processed by first dielectric material with first dielectric strength, and at least one sections of nozzle segment 118a can be processed by the dielectric material with second dielectric strength bigger than first dielectric strength.Have the second powerful relatively dielectric strength, second dielectric material can protect sparger 110a to avoid heat and mechanical shock, pollution, voltage-tracing or the like.The example of suitable dielectric material and the position of these materials on body 112a will be described in detail hereinafter.

Except that dielectric material, sparger 110a can also be attached to power source or high-voltage power, thereby to produce the fuel of ignition event combustion jet.First electrode can be attached to power source (for example, the source takes place voltage, such as electric capacity release, induction or piezoelectric system) via one or more conductor that extends through sparger 110a.The zone of nozzle segment 118a, Flow valve 120a and/or lid 121a can be operating as first electrode; So that (for example produce ignition event with the second corresponding electrode of engine head 107a; Spark and/or the direct current (d.c.) or the high-frequency plasma of spark, plasma, compression ignition operation, high-energy capacitor discharge, expansion induction source combine with hyperacoustic application to respond to apace, to promote and accomplish burning).Like following explanation at length, first electrode can be configured to have durability and long working life.In other embodiment of the present disclosure, sparger 110a can be configured to from the source, firing chamber transformation of energy is provided, and/or reclaims used heat or energy from the energy that is derived from combustion incident via thermochemistry regeneration, is used to drive one or more parts of sparger 110a.

As above can be included in following any with reference among the described embodiment of Figure 1B to Fig. 9 with reference to the characteristic of the described sparger 110a of Figure 1A.

The additional embodiments of integrated fuel injector and igniter and associated components

Figure 1B is the side cross-sectional view according to the sparger 100 of the fuel injection that comprises combination of embodiment's structure of the present disclosure and ignition Characteristics.As following at length the explanation; The illustrated embodiment of sparger 100 comprises electromagnetic actuators assembly and corresponding valve assembly; But the electromagnetic actuators assembly provides durable and multiduty mechanical property strong assembly with corresponding valve assembly, is used for exactly metering fuel to obtain required fuel flow characteristics.In the embodiment shown, sparger 100 be included in the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function aspect with as above with reference to the roughly similar a plurality of characteristics of the characteristic of correspondence of the described sparger 110a of Figure 1A.For example, sparger 100 comprises the nozzle segment 102 relative with base portion part 104.Nozzle segment 102 is configured to extend through at least partly the port in the engine head, with the end with nozzle segment 102 be positioned at the firing chamber at the interface.Describe in detail as following, base portion part 104 is configured to receive a kind of or more kinds of fuel from fuel source (for example, pressurized fuel source), and nozzle segment 102 is configured to fuel is carried and/or measured to the firing chamber exactly through fuel drain passageway 103.

In the embodiment shown, sparger 100 comprises forcer 106, and forcer 106 actuating plungers or driver 108 are then to make valve assembly 110 motions.Forcer 106 is positioned in bobbin or the housing 109, for example the conducting metal shell.The suitable material that is used for forcer bobbin or housing 109 comprises and for example is designed to strengthen the Beryllia that heat transmits and the polymer of various graphite, silver and/or filling aluminum.Forcer 108 and/or housing 109 can also be attached to voltage source or other suitable energy 111 and controller.In certain embodiments, forcer 106 can be as electromagnetic force generator, piezoelectric forces generator or be used to make the solenoid winding of forcer of other suitable type of driver 108 motions.

Valve assembly 110 (for example comprises actuator 112; Cable, strengthen cable, bar, valve extension part or the like), actuator 112 has the Flow valve 114 that is positioned at nozzle segment 102 places and the actuator retainer 116 that is positioned at base portion part 104 places relative with nozzle segment 102.In certain embodiments, Flow valve 114 can form with actuator 112.But in other embodiments, Flow valve 114 can leave and be attached to actuator 112 in 112 minutes with actuator.In addition, in certain embodiments, retainer 116 can be the wire that is attached to the second end part of actuator 112, for example constrictive spring thread.For example, retainer 116 can embed in the circular groove in the actuator 112 at least in part, and circular groove has about at least 50% the degree of depth for the diameter of motion stops 116.But in other embodiments, retainer 116 disclosed herein and other actuator retainer can be the projections of any other type that is attached to actuator 112 or forms with actuator 112 on the actuator 112.In addition, in other embodiments, retainer 116 can be a magnetic-attraction element, for example magnet or permanent magnet.Retainer 116 is positioned on the actuator 112, with convenient forcer 106 actuators 108 so that actuator 112 motion and the contact surface 113 of retainer 116 contact drivers 108 when therefore opening Flow valve 114.

In closed position, Flow valve 114 is against the valve seat in nozzle segment 102 122.In certain embodiments, the surface of the contact valve seat 122 of Flow valve 114 can be that retrofit or polishing are used for valve 122 and the roughly sphere or the conical surface of sealing.Nozzle segment 102 can also comprise biasing or magnetic-attraction element 124, for example magnet, permanent magnet or the like, and biasing or magnetic-attraction element 124 attract drivers 108 with during valve 114 is maintained in its closed position at least in part and valve 122 towards nozzle segment 102.For example, magnetic-attraction element 124 can be attached to controller or computer and optionally attract driver 108 towards nozzle segment 102.In other embodiments, the actuating of driver 108 can overcome the attraction force of magnetic-attraction element 124.Like following explanation at length, can also utilize during fuel pressures in other bias component and/or the sparger 100 are maintained in its closed position valve 114.

Driver 108 is positioned in the driver cavities 118 in the sparger 100, so that driver 108 can be in response to from the excitation of forcer 106 and longitudinally motion in sparger 100.In addition, actuator 112 is positioned in the actuator cavities or opening 120 that longitudinally extends through driver 108.Therefore actuator openings 120 makes driver 108 in sparger 100, longitudinally to move with reference to actuator 112, till driver 108 contact activated device retainers 116.In the embodiment shown, driver 108 also comprises fuel cavity 126, and fuel cavity 126 longitudinally extends through actuator openings 120 and radially spaced apart with actuator openings 120.Be attached to fuel passage or passage 128 in the base portion part 104 fuel cavity 126 fluids.Fuel channel 128 also is attached to fuel channel 136, and fuel channel 136 then is attached to fuel source, for example pressurized fuel source.In certain embodiments, fuel channel 136 can comprise fuel filter 142, and fuel filter 142 is configured to before the body of fuel entering sparger 100, perhaps otherwise make fuel be suitable for using to fuel filter.

In the embodiment shown, base portion part 104 also comprises the biasing member 130 (for example, such as the spring that is the coil pipe stage clip) that is positioned in the fuel channel 128.First offset surface 132 of biasing member 130 contact drivers 108 and second offset surface 134 of fuel channel 128.Like this, biasing member 130 promotes driver 108 towards nozzle segment 102, in actuator 112 and corresponding flow valve 114 are maintained in its closed position.

Forcer housing 109 is attached to first end cap 137 at base portion part 104 places, and is attached to second end cap 138 at nozzle segment 102 places.Housing 109 each in can attached (for example, via the gas tight seal of welding, soldering, melting welding, structural adhesive seal or the like) to first end cap 137 and second end cap 138 is used to prevent that fuel from escaping from sparger 100.For example also can be used to keep close connection of liquid between housing 109 and first end cap 137 and second end cap 138 for the Sealing 140 of O shape circle.

According to illustrated embodiment on the other hand, the end sections that is arranged in base portion part 104 144 of driver 108 has the shape of conical shaped or frustum.More specifically, the end sections 144 of driver 108 has the outer end face 146 that is conical shaped or frustum shape.The outer end face 146 of driver 108 is spaced apart with the corresponding contact surface 148 with coupling profile or shape of first end cap 137., Flow valve 114 loosens or during non-actuated condition contact surface 148 spaced apart first distance B of outer end face 146 and end cap 137 when being arranged in to be in against the closed position of valve seat 122 and driver 108 ₁In addition, in this position, the contact surface 113 of driver 108 and the retainer 116 spaced apart second distance D on the actuator 112 ₂Therefore, second distance D ₂Make driver 108 before the retainer 116 of bump actuator 112, obtain momentum.For example, first distance B ₁Be thereby that driver 108 makes Flow valve 114 motions open total distance that Flow valve 114 is advanced via actuator 112.More specifically, first distance B ₁At least approx equal second distance D ₂Add the distance that makes Flow valve 114 motions when thereby Flow valve 114 injects fuel in the firing chamber with valve seat 122 is spaced apart fully.In one embodiment, second distance D ₂Can be in first distance B ₁About 10% to 40% between.But, in other embodiments, second distance D ₂Can be less than first distance B ₁10% or greater than first distance B ₁40%.In additional embodiments still, second distance D ₂Can eliminate driver 108 contact activated device retainers 116 when making in valve is in the closed position from sparger 100.

In the operation, fuel channel 136 is introduced fuel in the base portion part 104 of sparger 100 through fuel filter 142.When fuel flow through sparger 100, controller can provide power with actuator 108 for forcer 106 exactly, and driver 108 then makes actuator 112 motions to promote Flow valve 114 (that is, Flow valve 114 inwardly being moved) from valve seat 122.Therefore the driver 108 that activated can overcome the bias force of biasing member 130 and/or magnetic-attraction element 124 to move away from nozzle segment 102.In addition, illustrated embodiment through make driver 1308 can be at impact actuator retainer 116 so that before valve 114 motions at motion second distance D ₂The time obtain sizable momentum and relevant kinetic energy, allow the operation of Flow valve 114 under higher relatively pressure reduction.Like this, driver 108 can overcome sizable pressure gradient so that Flow valve 114 motions.Eliminating second distance D ₂Embodiment in, driver 108 can in response to the electric current in the forcer 106 directly or moment actuator 112 is moved.

Forcer 106 makes fuel stream and the pressure, biasing member 130 and/or the magnetic-attraction element 124 that are produced then to make Flow valve 114 be back to normally closed position driver 108 promotions or forced to move to normally closed position in response to the current interruptions of controller.For example, the distal portions of driver 108 can contact Flow valve 114 or additionally make Flow valve 114 move to the closed position on the valve seat 122.Apply electric current to forcer 106 subsequently, can make driver 108 motion with contact activated device 112, and make valve 114 motions once more or from valve seat 122 poppet valves 114 to inject fuel in the firing chamber.

Except that from fuel filter particle and chip; The filter 142 at base portion part 104 places can also act as the catalytic treatment device; Be used to prevent that the monatomic or hydrogen ion of any hydrogen from further feeding in the sparger 100, comprise in the fuel channel 128 that feeds ccontaining biasing member 130.This purpose is supported through following discovery; Make the aging and embrittlement of alloyed steel although be exposed to the monatomic and hydrogen ion of hydrogen (as running into during the welding operation, in sour environment and in metal plating operation period), these alloys can the embrittlement that becomes by diatomic hydrogen (H2).Therefore, filter 142 can prevent biasing member 130 because unfavorable the wearing out that hydrogen embrittlement causes.Following reaction equation F1 and F2 have summarized catalysis elimination hydrogen ion and the hydrogen ion through filter 142.

2H ⁺+ 2e ^-→ H ₂Reaction equation F1

2H → H ₂Reaction equation F2

In the process of reaction equation F1, electronics is provided through making sparger 100 be grounded to electron source via metallic fuel pipeline 136.Can also be grounded to conductive shell 109 through the end with forcer 106 provides electronics to be used for the process of realization response formula F1.Can be through comprising that for example the various agents and the compound of oxide (for example zine oxide, tin oxide, chromium oxide (chromia), aluminium oxide and silica) guarantee that from the monatomic nucleation of hydrogen be the hydrogen diatomic, fiber and/or particle that oxide can be used as the surface that comprises matrix (for example aluminium and/or aluminium-silicon alloys) are combined in the filter 142.These fibers, particle and/or by for example also can be as the catalyzer in the filter 142 for the metal of aluminium, magnesium or zinc and/or other suitable form that alloy is processed.On various matrix, carry out similar chemical vapor deposition and/or sputter-deposited and also can be positioned in the filter 142 by these metals of partial oxidation subsequently, so that the catalytic process of being summarized by reaction equation F1 and F2 to be provided.The fuel of oxidation potential is provided; For example comprise " oxidation " fuel that makes that these metallic oxides can self-healing water vapor; Be called the U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.61/237 of " OXYGENATED FUEL PRODUCTION " like the name of submitting on August 27th, 2009, described in 425.High strength alloy material for example being music wire, spring steel, precipitation hardening (PH) steel or chrome-silicon steel alloy is selected among the embodiment of biasing member 130, can also for the sacrificial metal of aluminium extra protection be provided through biasing member 130 for example is coated with.For example, can utilize any suitable galvanoplastic that comprise for example hot dip, electrolysis, chemical vapors and/or sputter process that biasing member 130 is electroplated.

The sparger 100 of illustrated embodiment can also be sent ultrahigh pressure fuel; Comprise with hydrogen being the fuel of characteristic; It with hydrogen the mixture that the fuel of characteristic is produced as methane and hydrogen; Wherein methane is from anaerobic digestion, pyrolysis or natural gas resource, and hydrogen is reformed and produced through electrolysis, the pyrolysis of selected hydrocarbon.For example be 10, the hydrogen of 000psi, methane, ammonia or other are that these pressurized fuels of the mixture of characteristic can be supplied to sparger 100 with hydrogen, and measure exactly to obtain required fuel blast through sparger 100.

According to another characteristic of illustrated embodiment, driver 108 is relatively long parts of ratio in the sparger 100.More specifically, the big several times of diameter of the comparable driver 108 of longitudinal length of the correspondence of the longitudinal length of driver 108 and forcer 106.This can allow or additionally be convenient to by these parts of fuel cooling that flow through sparger 100.More specifically, the fuel that flows through sparger 100 can cool off driver 108 and/or forcer 106.For example; When flowing around driver 108 when fuel flows along fuel channel or path (longitudinally extending along sparger 100) 113 and when in teasehole or chamber 126, flowing through driver 108 and/or in second teasehole in driver cavities 118 or the path (roughly surrounding driver 108) 150, fuel can absorb hot from driver 108.This is favourable in many application of OHV engine in modern times; Because around the valve gap of motor and/or the temperature of following environment usually near the operating limit of the polymer that makes the electromagnetic wire insulation in the forcer 106, therefore modern OHV engine has been got rid of the chance that heat is expelled to the external environment condition of sparger in fact.

Fig. 2 is the partial side view in cross section according to the sparger 200 of another embodiment's structure of the present disclosure.Sparger 200 is included in the roughly similar certain characteristics of characteristic of correspondence of 26S Proteasome Structure and Function aspect and the sparger 100 shown in Figure 1B and other sparger disclosed herein.For example, the sparger shown in Fig. 2 200 comprises fuel channel 136, forcer 106, driver 108 and the actuator 112 of correspondence and relevant Flow valve 114.Shown in sparger 200 also comprise biasing or magnetic-attraction element 212 (for example, ring magnet or permanent ring magnet), to attract or to force driver 108 to arrive normally closed positions.Valve 114 can also comprise being the Sealing 218 of annular resilient seal part or O shape circle for example, and being used for need not have bubble sealing and the application when utilizing the fuel that can make the solid particle deposition or additionally obtain solid particle at valve 114 places.

In the embodiment shown; Sparger 200 also comprises a plurality of other fuel flow path or passage; Other fuel flow path or passage be fuel guiding each parts through sparger 200, so that fuel can contact the surface of these parts and cool off these parts or will be from the transmission of heat of these parts to fuel.More specifically; For the forcer 106 (can comprise a plurality of solenoid windings) in the cooling illustrated embodiment; Sparger 200 comprises the first fuel coolant path 202 between the inlet dispenser 204 (for example, annular or distributor for annular) that is connected in fuel channel 136 and forcer 106 places.Inlet dispenser 204 is distributed to fuel in the housing 109 of forcer 106 through a plurality of inlet drillings 206.Sparger 200 also comprises a plurality of outlet perforates 208, so that fuel can expulsion force generator 106 and is collected in the outlet distributor or trap 210 (for example, annular or distributor for annular) is located.The second fuel coolant path 212 extends to fuel channel 214 from outlet distributor 210.When valve 114 is opened, can be through through arriving fuel drain passageway 103 fuel being discharged sparger 200 from fuel channel 214.

According to another characteristic of said embodiment, sparger 200 also comprises other fuel passage 216, and fuel passage 216 radially stretches out so that fuel can pass through between forcer 106 and driver 108.For example, these fuel passage 216 make the teasehole 150 in the driver cavities 118 connect with housing 109 fluid ground around forcer 106.Like this, during operation, fuel can also radially outward and/or is radially inwardly passed through, with the heat of conduction from the parts of sparger 200, for example from the heat of forcer 106 and driver 108.

In certain embodiments, for example in four stroke engine is used, during the time period that fuel sprays takes place scope be generally complete cycle (for example 720 °) whenever at a distance from about 30 ° to 120 ° an of crankshaft rotating.Vertical fuel cavity 126 and 113 (Fig. 1) so can be provided for the quick cooling of driver 108 is particularly in time period of about 30 ° to 120 ° scope of crankshaft rotating.Like this, driver 108 can be used as Inner heat sink, to receive the heat of emitting from solenoid or forcer 106.Heat in addition can also be expelled to the fuel that cycles through each fuel distributor and path 204,206,208 and 216 from forcer 106.Therefore, 690 ° to 720 ° time period of the crankshaft rotating when driver 108 and valve 114 are in normally closed position, forcer 106 can provide good heat dissipation potential to guarantee effective quick acting and long lifetime.

Can advantageously be increased to the fuel that is transported to the firing chamber from these heat of the parts of sparger 100,200 conduction, but not lost to environment.Similarly, through conducting to these heat of the fuel that passes through these spargers embodiment, be convenient to obtain energy by thermoelectricity, photoelectricity, vibration and pressure piezo-electric generator with this heat dissipation potential.This transmission of heat for long lifetime, friction minimize and fast operation also be useful so that cooling Power generator 106 and driver 108 fully.Conduct heat to the parts that flow through forcer 106 and the fuel of correlated characteristic and can realize modular component assembly cheaply, comprise the forcer 106 that is combined in heat-intercepting glass or the polymer.

Fig. 3 A is the stereogram of driver 108, and Fig. 3 B is basically along the side cross-sectional view of the line 3B-3B intercepting of Fig. 3 A, and Fig. 3 C is basically along the side cross-sectional view of the line 3C-3C intercepting of Fig. 3 A, and a plurality of characteristics of driver 108 are shown.With reference to Fig. 3 A to Fig. 3 C, driver 108 comprises the body 301 with actuator openings 120 jointly, and actuator openings 120 also longitudinally extends through body 301 at the center.Actuator openings 120 is configured to receive movingly the actuator 112 of Figure 1B.Body 301 also comprises initial fuel passage 128, is attached to and radially isolated one or more fuel cavity 126 of actuator openings 120 (for example, first to the 6th fuel cavity 126a to 126f shown in Fig. 3 C) initial fuel passage 128 fluids.Fuel cavity 126 longitudinally extends through driver 108, so that fuel flows through driver 108 in contact body 301.Although driver 108 comprises isolated symmetrically six fuel cavity 126 in the embodiment shown, in other embodiments, driver can have the more or less fuel cavity 126 with symmetry or asymmetric distribution pattern location.The outer surface of body 301 also comprises a plurality of ridges 304 (Fig. 3 C), so that fuel can flow around driver 108 in driver cavities 118 (Figure 1B).

According to another characteristic of illustrated embodiment, the body 301 of driver 108 comprises a groove that extends radially outwardly from fuel cavity 128 or stitches 302.In certain embodiments, seam 302 can be the seam or the groove of the straight that extends radially outwardly from actuator openings 120.But in other embodiments, seam 302 can have general curved or spiral-shaped.Seam 302 is constructed to the material discontinuity at least a portion of body 301 of driver 108, in driver 108, forms foucault current to prevent operation period.Can also be through forming driver 108 and prevent this foucault current by having high-resistance ferrimag.

Fig. 4 is the partial side view in cross section according to the nozzle segment 402 of the sparger of another embodiment's structure of the present disclosure.Nozzle segment 402 is included in a plurality of characteristics roughly similar with the characteristic of correspondence of aforesaid sparger on the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function.But, like following explanation at length, nozzle segment 402 is configured to when reaching the predetermined or required pressure gradient of firing chamber, activate perhaps and additionally injects fuel in the firing chamber.This pressure gradient can be known as, and for example, is enough to open usually the cracking pressure towards the Flow valve of closed position.In the embodiment shown, for example, what nozzle segment 402 comprised when Flow valve 441 is positioned at closed position contact valve seat 422 outwards opens Flow valve 441.Valve 441 is attached to actuator 412 (for example, cable, bar or the like), and actuator 412 extends in the fuel passage 426.Actuator 412 comprises end sections or the retainer 431 that engages biasing member 430 (for example, pressure spring).In the embodiment shown, retainer 431 is integral parts of actuator 412, for example the end sections of distortion.But in other embodiments, retainer 431 can be the independently part that is attached to actuator 412.Biasing member 430 contact retainer 431 and tensioning actuators 412 are arranged in closed position and contact valve seat 422 with maintaining valve 441.

Operation period along with the pressure of the fuel in the fuel passage 426 increases to predetermined cracking pressure, is applied to the power that pressure on the valve 441 has overcome biasing member 430, opens Flow valve 441 thus and injects fuel in the firing chamber.After pressure in nozzle segment 402 burner oils and fuel passage 426 descended, biasing member 430 provided enough closing forces through being pushed to closed position to Flow valve 441 via the retainer on the actuator 412 431.In certain embodiments, can only control the actuating of aforesaid Flow valve 441 through the pressure of the fuel in the control nozzle segment 402.But, in other embodiments, the actuating that nozzle segment 402 can combine one or more other driver or forcer (for example, magnet, permanent magnet, o, piezo-electric generator or the like) to come control flows metered valve 441 through fuel pressure.Can select required cracking pressure adaptively according to the firing chamber characteristic and the fuel characteristic of monitoring.In addition, Flow valve 441 and/or actuator 412 can ccontaining one or more optical fiber or other monitor components, with these characteristics in the monitoring firing chamber.

According to another characteristic of illustrated embodiment, nozzle segment 402 comprises the electrode 408 of contiguous Flow valve 441.Like this, electrode 408 is configured to produce ignition event with Flow valve 441, is ejected into the fuel in the firing chamber with burner noz(zle) part 402.In certain embodiments; Electrode 408 and/or Flow valve 441 can be coated with as the material of ignition catalyzer or additionally formed by this material; Energy with the required ignition event of the fuel that reduces or eliminates burning (for example, spark or plasma energy) entering firing chamber.The another kind of alternative scheme of these coatings is the ionization of control burner oil; As the name of meanwhile submitting to is called in the U.S. Patent application of " SHAPING A FUEL CHARGE IN A COMBUSTION CHAMBER WITH MULTIPLE DRIVERS AND/OR IONIZATION CONTROL " (acting on behalf of file number No.69545-8034US) disclosedly, and the full content of this patent application is through quoting combination as proof in this article.

Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B are according to the valve assembly of other embodiment's structure of the present disclosure and the schematic representation of nozzle assembly.More specifically, Fig. 5 A illustrates the schematic representation of the oil hydraulic circuit 500a of actuated valve package 501 hydraulically.In the embodiment shown, valve assembly 501 comprises the valve 502 that is attached to hydraulic actuator 506 and nozzle-end part or most advanced and sophisticated 504.Therefore actuator 506 can hydraulically move, activate or additionally open valve 502, so that fuel flows through in valve 502 and the most advanced and sophisticated 504 entering firing chambers of discharge nozzle.Fig. 5 B is used for electrically or the schematic representation of the circuit 500b of electromagnetic ground activated valve 502.In the embodiment shown, valve assembly 501 also comprises the valve 502 that is attached to electric or electromagnetic actuators 506 and nozzle 504.Therefore actuator 506 can comprise o or piezoelectric operated assembly, and o or piezoelectric operated assembly be activated valve 502 electrically, to open or movement of valve 502 additionally, makes fuel flow through in the nozzle tip 504 entering firing chambers.According to another characteristic of Fig. 5 B illustrated embodiment, nozzle tip 504 can be processed and is attached to and for example be the energy of high-voltage power by conductive material, thereby produces ignition event with corresponding ground connection ignition Characteristics 508.Like this, spark voltage can be transported to nozzle tip 504 to produce ignition event.

Fig. 6 A is the side cross-sectional view of sparger 600; Fig. 6 B is the part exploded cross-sectional side view according to the sparger 600 of another embodiment structure of the present disclosure, and it can comprise a plurality of characteristics and the sparger of other combination disclosed herein and the characteristic of igniter shown in the schematic loop of Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B.Together with reference to Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B, sparger 600 comprises the base portion part 602 relative with nozzle-end part 604.Base portion part 602 is carried actuator assembly 606, and actuator assembly 606 comprises plunger or the driver 610 in the actuator cavities 609 that is positioned at actuator body 607.Actuator assembly 606 also comprises around the forcer 608 of driver 610 and the corresponding flow valve 614 (Fig. 6 A) in the actuator cavities 609.Forcer 608 can be solenoid (for example, electromagnetic type or piezoelectricity type) or other suitable winding that can be attached to the energy via joiner 616.Biasing member 612 promotes drivers 610 and corresponding flow valve 614 to normally closed position towards nozzle segment 604.Forcer 608 correspondingly can cause the motion of driver 610 away from nozzle segment 604, to compress biasing member 612 at least in part and to make Flow valve 614 move to open position, makes fuel flow through fuel passage 615.

Base portion part 602 also comprises extending portion 617, in extending portion 617, has fuel is introduced the guiding fuel passage 619 (Fig. 6 A) in the actuator cavities 609.Pressure joiner 603 can be attached on the extending portion 617, flows into the pressure of the fuel in the sparger 600 with further adjustment.

In the embodiment shown, sparger 600 comprises around first insulator 618 and second insulator 620 of each parts of sparger 600.More specifically, driver 610 is located (for example, mold) at least in part in first insulator 618.First insulator 618 and/or second insulator 620 can be processed by any appropriate insulation material; These materials comprise; For example, glass, glass ceramic, hexafluoropropylene (HFP)/tetrafluoroethylene (TFE)-ethenylidene (THV), polyamide-imide (PAI), polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) or PEI (PEI) insulator.In additional embodiments still, these insulators can be transparent insulators, to hold built-in optical (photo-optical) instrument that receives and/or analyze the radiation of sending from the firing chamber.In addition; Other insulating element of these insulators and sparger disclosed herein can be included in meanwhile the name of submitting to and be called disclosed material in the U.S. Patent application of " CERAMIC INSULATOR AND METHODS OF USE AND MANUFACTURE THEREOF " (acting on behalf of file number No.69545-8036US); And/or form by the disclosed process of this patent application, the full content of this patent application is through quoting combination as proof in this article.

Fig. 6 C is the side cross-sectional view that a plurality of characteristics of first insulator 618 are shown.With reference to Fig. 6 C, first insulator 618 comprises base portion or the first end part 651 relative with nozzle or the second end part 653.First end part 651 comprises actuator cavities 650, and actuator cavities 650 has the end sections 652 of the general conical that is configured to receive driver 610 (Fig. 6 A).First insulator 618 also comprises valve seat 654, and valve seat 654 is configured to contact valve 614 (Fig. 6 A) when valve 614 is positioned at closed position and flows with interrupts fuel.Fuel channel 656 runs through first insulator 618 from actuator cavities 650 and longitudinally extends through the second end part 653.Also as following detailed description, the second end part 653 is configured to be attached to the nozzle tip part of the conduction of sparger 600.

According to another characteristic of illustrated embodiment, the outer surface of first insulator 618 comprises a plurality of ribs 658 that circumferentially extend around first end part 651.In addition, the outer surface of the second end part 653 roughly be level and smooth or the plane and extend into shape with circular cone roughly or frustum.Describe in detail as following, the second end part 653 of first insulator 618 is configured to cooperate or additionally is assemblied in the chamber of correspondence of second insulator 620.In addition, for example conductive coil 623 (Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B) such as transformer coil can be around the outer surface coiling of the second end part 653 of first insulator 618, and in assembled state, is positioned at thus between first insulator 618 and second insulator 620.

Fig. 6 D is the side cross-sectional view of second insulator 620.Second insulator 620 comprises base portion or the first end part 661 relative with nozzle or the second end part 663.First end part 661 comprises that first cavity segment, 660, the first cavity segments 660 have the conical shaped shape (for example, the sectional dimension of first cavity segment 660 becomes littler towards the second end part 663) that attenuates towards the second end part 663.First cavity segment 660 is configured to receive the second end part 653 of the taper of first insulator 618.The second end part 663 of second insulator 620 comprise with first cavity segment 660 relatively and second cavity segment 662 that extends from first cavity segment 660.Second cavity segment 662 also has the conical shaped shape; But; Second cavity segment 660 is towards base portion part 661 attenuate (for example, the sectional dimension in second chamber 662 becomes bigger towards the second end part 663, attenuates along the opposite direction of first cavity segment 660 thus).Second cavity segment 662 is configured at least in part around the spray tip of the conduction of sparger 600, describes in detail as following.

According to another characteristic of illustrated embodiment, the outer surface of the first end part 661 of second insulator 620 comprises a plurality of ribs 664 that circumferentially extend around first end part 661.These ribs 664 are configured to mate perhaps additionally rough alignment with the rib 658 (Fig. 6 C) of first insulator 618.

With reference to Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B, sparger 600 comprises the spray end part or the nozzle ejection most advanced and sophisticated 621 of conduction once more.Spray tip 621 can be the metal construction that is carried by first insulator 618 and/or second insulator 620, and is configured to be positioned at the firing chamber at the interface.Like following explanation at length, spray tip 621 is configured to independent mode or with the mode that combines with other fuel metering parts of sparger 600 burner oil optionally.In addition, spray tip 621 is attached to and for example is the energy of high-voltage power.More specifically, sparger 600 comprises the conductive strips 625 (for example, metal tape) that circumferentially extend around the interface between first insulator 618 and second insulator 620.Conductive strips 625 can be attached to voltage source via conductor or spark lead-in wire, as described below with reference to Fig. 6 E and Fig. 6 F.For example, Fig. 6 E and Fig. 6 F are respectively plan view from above and the side views that comprises the conduction clamping assembly 630 of the conductive strips 625 that are attached to spark or voltage lead 632.Clamping assembly 630 also comprises releasable locking component 634, so that the attached and removal of conductive strips 625 on sparger 600.Therefore clamping assembly 630 can removably be attached to conductive strips 625 and voltage lead 632 sparger 600 of Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B.More specifically; Together with reference to Fig. 6 A, Fig. 6 B, Fig. 6 E and Fig. 6 F; Clamping assembly 630 can be attached between first insulator 618 and second insulator 620 of intermediate portion of sparger 600 at the interface, so as via conductive strips 625 with voltage lead 632 conductions be attached to helically coiling conductor 623.

Like this, conductive strips 625 are attached to spray tip 621 via conductor 623, and conductor 623 can be aluminium or the copper cash that extends to spray tip 621 along the second end part 653 of first insulator 618.In the embodiment shown, for example, conductor 623 around the second end part 653 coiling spirally of first insulator 618 and be positioned at first insulator 618 and second insulator 620 between.Therefore spark voltage can be delivered to spray tip 621 from suitable high-voltage power.

With reference to Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B, nozzle segment 604 also comprises firing chamber member or the Sealing 622 that is attached to second insulator 620 once more.Combustion chamber sealing spare 622 can be the metal construction that is configured to make port and a plurality of screw threads 624 in the engine head to engage with screwing.Sealing 622 also carries corresponding igniting polar or characteristic 626 (being denoted as the first ignition Characteristics 626a and the second ignition Characteristics 626b respectively).Although only two ignition Characteristics 626 are shown in the embodiment shown, in other embodiments, Sealing 622 can carry and be suitable for being provided for any specialized application a plurality of ignition Characteristics in required spark erosion life-span.In certain embodiments; Ignition Characteristics 626 can be by for example processing for the material of Kanthal alloy (Kanthal alloy); This material is provided for resistance heating, catalysis and/or spark ignition when starting, but after this keeps enough hot to provide very low or not have the igniting of power consumption in the cycle in whole operation.Obtain this form of the heat that is used to light a fire through obtain heat from combustion process; Can be advantageously used in the purpose of minimization system weight, cost and inefficacy tendency; Simultaneously also through avoiding loss to improve overall operation efficient; For example, can return should be in the loss of engine cycle (55 to 75% losses), alternator (10 to 30% losses), storage battery (10 to 40% losses) and firing circuit and coil (10 to 40% losses).

In some embodiment of the present disclosure, open Flow valve with optionally in the firing chamber the required cracking pressure of transfer the fuel can control through the various configurations of forcer disclosed herein, driver, actuator, Flow valve or the like.But in the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B, spray tip 621 also comprises a plurality of fuel metering characteristics, and a plurality of fuel metering characteristics can also help prevent in the time of not expecting and inject fuel in the firing chamber.For example, Fig. 6 G is the partial side view in cross section of the nozzle segment 604 of sparger 600.Shown in Fig. 6 G, spray tip 621 is attached to lead or conductor 623, and lead or conductor 623 are sealed between first insulator 618 and second insulator 620 (not shown among Fig. 6 G) and are attached to voltage source.

Shown in Fig. 6 G, spray tip 621 comprises the fuel cavity 670 that part is longitudinally extended in spray tip 621.Be attached to the fuel channel 656 of first insulator 618, so that fuel is introduced in the spray tip 621 fuel cavity 670 fluids.But in the embodiment shown, fuel cavity 670 is not left the outlet (for example, fuel cavity 670 can be the blind hole of in spray tip 621, partly extending) of spray tip 621 at distal portions 671 places of spray tip 621.On the contrary, spray tip comprises a plurality of fuel outlets or the carrying path 672 that is attached to fuel cavity 670.In the embodiment shown, each fuel carrying path 672 extends from fuel cavity 670 with the tilt angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of spray tip 621.Spray tip 621 also is coated with sleeve pipe 674 at least in part, and for example for deformable or spring-backed quill 674, sleeve pipe 674 is in the situation lower seal fuel carrying path 672 of the predetermined pressure of predetermined cracking pressure each for example being lower than.Sleeve pipe 674 in case axial displacement, and is limited to the diameter space in second insulator 620 (Fig. 6 A) by 618 grapplings of first insulator.When reaching predetermined pressure, spring-backed quill 674 can be out of shape or expand, and makes the fuel cavity 670 of fuel from spray tip 621 discharge via fuel carrying path 672.Therefore, spring-backed quill 674 provides and can prevent that thus fuel from feeding in the firing chamber because of carelessness between predetermined combustion incident by the pressure controlled other fuel metering characteristic of the fuel in the sparger 600.

Sleeve pipe 674 can be by processing like the multiple different suitable polymer of reflection in the following table 1.For example, sleeve pipe 674 can be by comprising that general elastomeric multiple suitable polymer is processed and be feasible as long-life elastomeric material, because fuel closely passes through along the inside of the sleeve pipe 674 of its cooling.Can process the utmost point long lifetime of sleeve pipe 674 and firm heat-resisting embodiment through the hollow tube of braiding PBO or polyimide fiber on the more flexible film tube of viton, fluorosilicone, PEN, aromatic copolyamide (Aramid) and/or polyimide (Kapton).Can Additional Protection be provided through one or more thin layer applicator assembly that utilizes reflective aluminum or chromium.

Table 1: the polymer property of selection

Film characteristics	PBO	KAPTON	ARAMID	PEN
					Melting point ℃	Do not have	Do not have	Do not have	272
Glass transition ℃	Do not have	350	280	113
					Young's modulus Kg/mm ²	4900	300	1000-2000	650-1400
Tensile strength Kg/mm ²	56-63	18	50	30
					Stretch percentage elongation %	1-2	70	60	95
Long-term thermal stability	＞300	230	180	155
					Thermal expansion coefficient ppm/ ℃	-2	20	15	13
Hygroscopicity %	0.8	2.9	1.5	0.4

PBO=polyparaphenylene benzo-dioxazole

Kapton=gathers (4,4 '-oxygen two penylenes-Pyromellitic Acid imidodicarbonic diamide) (Poly (4,4 '-oxydiphenylene-pyromellitimide))

Aromatic copolyamide=gather-mpd-i (MPIA)

The PEN=PEN

Fig. 7 A is according to the also side cross-sectional view of the sparger 700 of embodiment's structure of the present disclosure.Sparger 700 shown in Fig. 7 A is included in 26S Proteasome Structure and Function aspect and sparger described herein and in the roughly similar a plurality of characteristics of characteristic of correspondence of this sparger through quoting the patent that combines and patent application as proof.A plurality of characteristics of the sparger of as above having described like this, 700 can not refer again to Fig. 7 A and describe.In the embodiment shown, sparger 700 comprises and second or first relative or base portion part 702 of nozzle segment 704.Base portion part 702 comprises pressure fittings 706, and pressure fittings 706 is configured to be attached to and for example is the fuel source of pressurized fuel source, fuel is introduced in initial combustion chamber or the passage 708.Fuel marches to fuel passage 710 from initial fuel passage 708 through base portion part 702, and fuel passage 710 longitudinally extends to nozzle segment 704 in sparger 700.The Flow valve of outwards opening 712 is positioned at nozzle segment 704 places, perhaps additionally controls fuel from fuel passage 710 flowing outside nozzle segment 704 with metering.For example, Flow valve 712 can seating on valve seat, to block or to close fuel stream, Flow valve 712 can move away from valve seat to inject fuel in the firing chamber.Cable-assembly or actuator 714 operationally are attached to Flow valve 712 so that Flow valve 712 motions.Actuator 714 can be the similar device that reinforcing bar maybe can hold one or more optical monitoring characteristic of as above describing in detail.Actuator 714 can also be attached to computer or other treatment device that is used to control sparger 700.

In the embodiment shown, actuator stretcher or actuator retainer 716 are attached or additionally be attached to actuator 714 at base portion part 702 places of sparger 700.Retainer 716 is configured to contact plunger or driver 718, makes driver 718 can make actuator 714 motions, so that open or close Flow valve 712 again.Driver 718 can be processed and be configured to by mechanically, dynamo-electricly and/or magnetically actuating by ferromagnetic material, so that actuator 714 motions.More specifically, driver 718 is positioned in the driver cavities 720 in the base portion part 702.First contact surface of driver 718 and electromagnetism pole piece 726 spaced apart first distance B ₁, second contact surface of driver 718 and actuator retainer 716 spaced apart ratio first distance B ₁Little second distance D ₂

It for example is forcer 720 driver 718 in the driver cavities 720 of solenoid winding.In addition, driver 718 also is positioned in the driver cavities 720 near first biasing member 722, second biasing member 724 and electromagnetism pole piece 726.First biasing member 722 can be locate coaxially and the pressure spring of contact activated device retainer 716 and pole piece 726 around actuator 714.Like this, first biasing member 722 promotes actuator retainer 716 away from pole piece 726 (for example, towards the base portion part), with tensioning actuator 714, thereby Flow valve 712 is remained in the normally closed position.Second biasing member 724 is positioned between driver 718 and the pole piece 726.In the embodiment shown, second biasing member 724 is disc springs, and pole piece 726 can be the electromagnetic pole that attracts driver 718.Second biasing member 724 can be by for example processing for the nonmagnetic substance of nonmagnetic alloy.Like this, second biasing member 724 can be as the pressure spring that driver 718 is promoted away from pole piece 726.Second biasing member 724 also provides enough non-magnetic gaps between driver 718 and pole piece 726, paste on the pole piece 726 to prevent driver 718.In the embodiment shown, base portion part 702 also comprises such as attracting drivers 718 for the 3rd biasing member of magnet or magnetic-attraction element 730, the three biasing members or magnetic-attraction element 730 towards base portion part 702.

In the operation, distribute electric current or other energy to open Flow valve 712 to forcer 728.More specifically, distribute electric currents, with towards pole piece 726 drivers 718 forced to move to forcer 728.When driver 718 towards actuator stretcher or retainer 716 motion second distance D ₂The time, driver 718 impact or contact activated device retainer 716 before obtain momentum and relevant kinetic energy.Make actuator retainer 716 towards pole piece 726 motions first distance B ₁, the tension force in the release actuator 714 so that Flow valve 712 open.When driver 718 during towards pole piece 726 motion, driver 718 compression first biasing member 722 and second biasing members 724.Like this, first biasing member 722, second biasing member 724 and magnetic-attraction element 730 can promote drivers 718 towards base portion part 702, so that actuator retainer 716 tensioning actuators 714 and close Flow valve 712.In addition,, can in forcer 728, apply energy when driver 718 during towards pole piece 726 pulsation, producing impulsive current according to " maintenances " frequency of selecting, thus perhaps actuator 718 additionally of pulsation.

Fig. 7 B is the partial side view in cross section of amplification of valve assembly of nozzle segment 704 of the sparger 700 of Fig. 7 A, and Fig. 7 C is the side view of the valve guide 740 of valve assembly 742.With reference to Fig. 7 B and Fig. 7 C, nozzle segment 704 comprises insulator 748 together, and insulator 748 has fuel passage or the passage 746 that longitudinally runs through insulator 748 extensions.Insulator 748 also comprises valve seat 746, valve seat 746 contact valves 712 when valve 712 is arranged in closed position.In certain embodiments, Flow valve 712 can be processed by any suitable material, and comprises the surface characteristic of the liner that has precise polished metal surface or processed by viton, THV, fluorosilicone or another suitable elastomer.Valve assembly 742 also comprises the tubular valve supporting element 744 of the fuel passage 746 that extends through nozzle segment 704 coaxially.The end sections that tubular valve supporting element 744 is also aimed at coaxially and is attached to actuator 714.Tubular valve supporting element 744 is gone back biased valve 712, and therefore valve 712 is attached to actuator 714.Tubular valve supporting element 744 is longitudinally motion in valve guide 740, and towards when moving rapidly away from valve seat 746, tubular valve supporting element 744 freely shuttles back and forth in valve guide 740 and sutaining valve 712 with convenient valve 712.

In illustrated embodiment, valve guide 740 is distributions of helically coiling, and it forms corresponding to fuel passage 746 one or more screw diameter at the internal diameter at nozzle segment 704 places.For example, in the embodiment shown, valve guide 740 has first portion 750, second portion 752 and third part 754, and first portion 750 has the first diameter D corresponding to the external diameter of tubular valve supporting element 744 ₁, second portion 752 has greater than the first diameter D ₁The second diameter D corresponding to the first portion 760 of fuel passage 746 ₂, third part 754 has greater than the first diameter D ₁And less than the second diameter D ₂And corresponding to the 3rd diameter D of the second portion 762 of fuel passage 746 ₃Valve guide 740 have first a diameter D ₁Part can be the sections of the separation of valve guide 740, perhaps additionally with the second diameter D that has of valve guide 740 ₂And/or other part of the 3rd diameter D3 is spaced apart.Like this, valve guide 740 has first a diameter D ₁First portion support tubular supporting piece 746, valve guide 740 have second a diameter D ₂Second portion maintaining valve guide 740 and/or prevent that valve guide 740 longitudinally is moved to outside the nozzle segment 702, valve guide 740 have the 3rd a diameter D ₃Third part valve guide 740 is positioned in the fuel passage 746.In the operation, when 744 motions of tubular valve supporting element during the fast actuating of Flow valve 712, valve guide 740 supports and damping tubular valve supporting element 744.

In additional embodiments of the present disclosure, sparger 700 can comprise the similar supporting guide spare of coiling spirally, and this guide is formed for supporting two or more different-diameters of other injector part.For example, the supporting guide spare of similar coiling spirally can support, the actuator 714 of aligning and/or damping Fig. 7 A.For example, in modern times in the DENG, and particularly for large-scale stationary engine, the distance between driver 718 and engine head of actuator 714 can be about 12 to 24 inches or bigger.

Fig. 7 D is basically along the side cross-sectional view of the actuator 714 of the line 7D-7D intercepting of Fig. 7 A; The characteristic of the actuator among the embodiment that actuator comprises one or more optical fiber is shown; Wherein optical fiber is connected to computer or processor so that firing chamber data (for example, pressure, temperature or the like) to be provided.Shown in the embodiment shown in Fig. 7 D, actuator 714 can be made up of the core of optical fiber 770, and the core of optical fiber 770 can be surrounded by the distribution or the fiber 772 of one deck conduction, with the current-carrying part (Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 C) that ignition voltage is delivered to Flow valve 712.Optical fiber 770 can be by any at least the processing in the following material: sapphire, quartz, aluminum fluoride and/or ZABLAN, and to transmit the firing chamber characteristic.In certain embodiments, single fiber can have about at least 5 μ m or littler sectional dimension (for example, diameter).In addition, the cooling of flowing through the fuel of actuator 714 makes these fibers can keep the inertia to environment in fact.For instance, sapphire from UV far away to have high internal transmittance in the infrared scope from about 150nm to 6000nm.Prevent the overheated of optical fiber although derive from the cooling of the fuel of process, sapphire still keeps its structural integrity up to about 1600 to 1700 degrees centigrade the time, and in about fusing more than 2000 degrees centigrade.Actuator 714 can also comprise high strength fibre (by for example processing for the polyimide of Kevlar (Kevlar)) or other high strength fibre of another layer braiding, to center on internal layer.Actuator 714 may further include the oversheath 774 that reduces to rub, and the oversheath 774 that reduces to rub can be processed by the suitable material that reduces to rub, for example, and the PTFE of THV piping.

Fig. 8 A is the side cross-sectional view according to the sparger 800 of another embodiment's structure of the present disclosure.Embodiment shown in Fig. 8 A is included in the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function aspect a plurality of characteristics roughly similar with the characteristic of correspondence of aforesaid fuel injector.For example, sparger 800 comprises the base portion part 802 relative with nozzle segment 804.At base portion part 802 places, sparger 800 comprises and is configured to encourage or the forcer 828 (for example, solenoid winding, piezoelectricity or the like) of mobile plunger or driver 818.Driver 818 can be in response to the ferromagnetic or ferroelectric parts 818 of the electric current motion of flowing through forcer 828.Base portion part 802 also comprises electromagnetism pole piece 826 and biasing member or magnetic-attraction element 830, for example towards base portion part 802 driver 818 is attracted to and closes or the magnet or the permanent magnet of stop position.Pole piece 826 comprises teasehole or the chamber of aiming at fuel passage 810 870, and fuel passage 810 is passed sparger 800 and longitudinally extended.Actuator 814 extends through fuel cavity 870 and fuel channel 810, and is attached to the Flow valve of outwards opening 812 at nozzle segment 804 places.

In the embodiment shown, in base portion part 802, actuator 814 is attached to actuator retainer or motion stops 816.Actuator 814 also is attached to valve stretcher or actuator stretcher 880 (for example, actuator 814 can be attached to actuator stretcher 880 or be contained in movingly in the stretcher 880 through central opening).Actuator stretcher 880 is configured to contact movement retainer 816 with tensioning actuator 814, thereby during Flow valve 812 is maintained in its closed position.More specifically, actuator stretcher 880 is positioned between driver 818 and the pole piece 826 and is spaced apart with them.Retainer 816 is positioned between driver 818 and the actuator stretcher 880.Biasing member 822 (for example, coil or pressure spring) promotes actuator stretcher 880 and makes actuator stretcher 880 against motion stops 816 towards base portion part 802 and away from nozzle segment 804.Like this, biasing member 822 contact activated device stretchers 880 are with tensioning actuator 814, thereby during valve 812 is maintained in its closed position.

When Flow valve 812 is in normally closed position and biasing member 822 and promotes actuator stretcher 880 against motion stops 816; Actuator stretcher 880 and driver 818 are spaced apart and have a gap, and actuator stretcher 880 is also spaced apart and have a gap with pole piece 826.Like this, biasing member 822 is through compressing motion stops 816 and preload actuator 814 with actuator stretcher 880.In order to open Flow valve 812 during operation, forcer 828 is applied electric current, so that driver 818 is towards 880 motions of actuator stretcher.Because driver 818 is initial spaced apart with actuator stretcher 880, so driver 818 can obtain momentum and relevant kinetic energy before at contact activated device stretcher 880.When the contact activated device stretcher 880 of driver 818, driver 818 make actuator stretcher 880 towards nozzle segment 804 motions with compression biasing member 822.When actuator stretcher 880 and corresponding motion stops 816 when pole piece 826 motions and actuator stretcher contact pole piece 826; Tension force in the actuator 814 discharges; Under up to about at least 1500 barometric pressure, opening Flow valve 812 apace, and inject fuel in the firing chamber.When required fuel injection time section finishes, the solenoid current in the forcer 828 be stopped or moment reverse, biasing member 822 back into actuator stretcher 880 and pole piece 826 and all isolated normally closed position of driver 818.Driver 818 also moves to its normally closed position, with magnet 830 in abutting connection with and spaced apart with actuator stretcher 880.

In certain embodiments, it is needed when driver 818 impact actuator stretchers 880, reducing impact endurance test shock.In these embodiments, sparger 800 can comprise contiguous and reduce device 882 towards the biasing member or the impact of driver 818 with actuator stretcher 880.It can be for example cage amino methyl disc spring or one or more Bellville packing ring or butterfly spring (coned-disk spring) that impact reduces device 882.In addition, in this example, can further reduce vibrations through the cylinder supporting 803 that the diameter cascade descends or diameter reduces is set, cylinder supports 803 ccontaining drivers 818 and actuator stretcher 880.More specifically, supporting 803 can have first diameter in the zone that actuator stretcher 880 is advanced, and in the zone that driver 818 is advanced, has the second littler internal diameter.Therefore, when actuator stretcher 880 was pushed against the diameter retainer, impact reduces the normally closed duty time of device 882 between fuel injection period made actuator 814 arrive the equilibrium position with the acceleration that reduces.

Fig. 8 B is the main plan view of the actuator stretcher 880 of Fig. 8 A.Shown in the embodiment shown in Fig. 8 B, actuator stretcher 880 can have disc configuration, and disc configuration comprises the central actuator opening 884 that extends through this disc configuration of receiving actuator 814 movingly.Actuator stretcher 880 also comprises and is configured such that fuel flows through a plurality of fuel openings 886 of actuator stretcher 880.Although comprising, illustrated embodiment is evenly spaced apart and from six fuel openings 886 of actuator openings 884 radiation; But in other embodiments, actuator stretcher 880 can comprise with what symmetry or dissymmetric mode were arranged and is greater than or less than six fuel openings 886.

Fig. 9 A is the partial side view in cross section according to the valve actuating assembly of the sparger of another embodiment structure of the present disclosure, and this embodiment is particularly suitable for realizing Advanced Control and for the adaptability of fuel under high pressure.Fig. 9 B is the enlarged detailed of a part of the assembly of Fig. 9 A.Together with reference to Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 B, assembly 901 be included in the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function aspect with as above with reference to the figure 8A a plurality of characteristics roughly similar with the character pair of the described sparger 800 of Fig. 8 B and other sparger disclosed herein.For example, in the embodiment shown, nozzle segment 904 places that assembly 901 is included in sparger operationally are attached to the actuator 914 of Flow valve 912.Actuator 914 also is attached to actuator retainer 916, the contact activated again device stretcher 980 of actuator retainer 916.Shown in Fig. 9 B, actuator retainer 916 can be to be attached to actuator 914 or the part of the expansion that forms with actuator 914, and actuator retainer 916 has the sectional dimension bigger than the corresponding sectional dimension of actuator 914.The biasing member 922 that for example is pressure spring promotes actuator stretcher 980; Make actuator stretcher 980 against motion stops 916 and away from pole piece 926, with tensioning actuator 916 and in closing Flow valve 916 or additionally Flow valve 916 being maintained in its closed position.Assembly 901 also comprises can be by the driver 918 of forcer (not shown) driving.When unexcited and Flow valve 1612 was arranged in closed position when driver 918, driver 918 and actuator stretcher 980 were spaced apart and be positioned to the contiguous biasing member 930 of magnet that for example is.Like this, when valve 912 was arranged in closed position, actuator stretcher 980 was all spaced apart with driver 918 and pole piece 926.

According to the further feature of illustrated embodiment, actuator stretcher 980 has the general cylindrical shape shape that is configured between the period of energization of assembly 901, to be assemblied in driver 918 and the pole piece 926.More specifically, driver 918 comprises having the roughly end sections 919 of convergent, circular cone or frustum shape, and end sections 919 is contained in convergent, circular cone or the frustum opening of the correspondence in the end sections 929 of pole piece 926 at least in part.Driver 918 also comprises general cylindrical shape chamber 921 in end sections 919.Cylindrical chamber 921 is set to be of a size of and between period of energization, is received actuator stretcher 980.In addition, the end sections 929 of pole piece 926 also comprises the general cylindrical shape chamber 931 that is configured to receiving actuator stretcher 980.Like this, in order to open the Flow valve of outwards opening 912, driver 918 activated before bump actuator stretcher 980, to obtain momentum during operation.After bump actuator stretcher 980, driver 918 makes actuator stretcher 980 motion and pressure springs 922, so that the tension force of actuator stretcher 980 in pole piece 926 motions and release actuator 914 is to open valve 912.When required fuel injection time section finishes, the solenoid current in the forcer be stopped or moment reverse, make driver 918 no longer apply power to actuator stretcher 980.Like this, biasing member 922 back into actuator stretcher 980 and pole piece 926 and all isolated normally closed position of driver 918.Driver 918 also moves to its normally closed position, with magnet 930 in abutting connection with and spaced apart with actuator stretcher 980.

Be apparent that, can under the situation that does not break away from the scope of the present disclosure, can make various changes and modification.Only if clearly requirement in context, otherwise in whole specification and claims, word " comprises ", " including " and similar term are interpreted as the meaning with exclusive or exhaustive adversative opening; That is to say, be the meaning of " including, but are not limited to ".Utilize the word of odd number or plural number numeral also to comprise plural number or odd number respectively.When right require about enumerating of two or more projects use word " or " time, this word covers whole explanations of following word: enumerate any one of item, all items in enumerating and enumerate in any combination of project.

Aforesaid each embodiment's characteristic can be combined so that additional embodiments to be provided.In this manual with reference to and/or all U. S. Patents, the U.S. Patent application in the request for data list, listed are open, U.S. Patent application, foreign patent, foreign patent application and non-patent publications all with its full content through quoting combination as proof in this article.If necessary, each side of the present disclosure can be modified the notion that has fuel injector and ignition mechanism and each patent, application and the publication of various structures with employing, thereby additional embodiments of the present disclosure is provided.

Can make these and other change to the disclosure according to above-mentioned detailed description.Usually, in following claim, employed term will not be interpreted as and be restricted to disclosed specific embodiment in specification and claims to the disclosure, and should be interpreted as all system and methods that comprise according to the claim operation.Therefore, the present invention does not receive restriction of the present disclosure, and on the contrary, its scope is broadly confirmed by following claim.

Claims

1. fuel injector that is configured to inject fuel in the firing chamber, said fuel injector comprises:

Body, said body have the base portion part relative with nozzle segment, and wherein, said base portion section construction becomes said fuel is received in the said body, and said nozzle segment is configured to location, contiguous said firing chamber;

Valve, said valve is carried by said nozzle segment, and wherein, said valve is movable between closed position and open position, so that said fuel is ejected in the said firing chamber;

Actuator, said actuator connect said valve and longitudinally extend through said body towards said base portion part; And

Driver; Said driver is carried by said body and between the primary importance and the second place, is movable; Wherein, in said primary importance, said driver and said actuator are spaced apart; And in the said second place, said driver makes said actuator movements so that said valve moves to said open position.

2. fuel injector as claimed in claim 1, wherein, said actuator also comprises retainer, and when said driver made said actuator movements, said driver contacted said retainer.

3. fuel injector as claimed in claim 1, wherein, said driver comprises the chamber of longitudinally running through said driver extension, and said actuator is positioned in the said chamber movingly.

4. fuel injector as claimed in claim 3, wherein, when said fuel passed said sparger, said fuel flow through the said chamber in the said driver.

5. fuel injector as claimed in claim 1 also comprises the biasing member that the said base portion by said body partly carries, and wherein said biasing member promotes said driver towards said primary importance.

6. fuel injector as claimed in claim 1, wherein, when said driver was arranged in said primary importance, said driver contacted said valve and at least in part said valve is remained in the said closed position.

7. fuel injector as claimed in claim 1; Also comprise the forcer that operationally is attached to controller; Wherein, said forcer causes the motion of said driver between the said primary importance and the second place, distributes to obtain required fuel via said valve.

8. fuel injector as claimed in claim 1, wherein, said driver obtains momentum at the said actuator of contact before so that said valve moves to said open position at least in part.

9. fuel injector as claimed in claim 1, wherein, said actuator extends through said body and is positioned at said driver coaxially.

10. fuel injector as claimed in claim 1; Wherein, Said actuator comprises that running through said actuator extends one or more monitoring fiber that also operationally is attached to said valve; Said one or more monitoring fibrous structure becomes to detect one or more firing chamber characteristic, and said one or more firing chamber characteristic is transferred to controller.

11. fuel injector as claimed in claim 1, wherein, when said driver when said primary importance moves to the said second place, said driver motion is away from said nozzle segment.

12. fuel injector as claimed in claim 1 also comprises the biasing member that the said base portion by said body partly carries, wherein, said biasing member promotes said driver towards said nozzle segment.

13. fuel injector as claimed in claim 1 also comprises the magnetic-attraction element of being carried by said nozzle segment, wherein, said magnetic-attraction element remains on said driver in the said primary importance at least in part.

14. fuel injector as claimed in claim 1, wherein, when said driver when said primary importance moves to the said second place, said driver moves towards said nozzle segment.

15. fuel injector as claimed in claim 1, wherein, said actuator comprises retainer, and said fuel injector also comprises:

The actuator stretcher, said actuator stretcher is configured to contact said retainer; And

Biasing member; Said biasing member promotes said actuator stretcher away from said nozzle segment, so that provide the tension force in the said actuator also at least in part said valve to be remained in the said closed position, wherein; When said driver when said primary importance moves to the said second place; Said driver contacts said actuator stretcher, removing the said tension force in the said actuator at least in part, thereby makes said valve move to said open position.

16. fuel injector as claimed in claim 15, wherein, when said driver was positioned at said primary importance, said driver and said actuator stretcher were spaced apart.

17. a fuel injector that is configured to inject fuel in the firing chamber, said fuel injector comprises:

Be positioned at the valve of said spray nozzle part office, wherein, said valve is movable between closed position and open position;

Actuator, said actuator have the first end part that is attached to said valve and with said first end part opposite second end part, wherein, said the second end partly has retainer;

Driver; Said driver is positioned in the said body and between the primary importance and the second place, is movable, wherein, and in said primary importance; Said driver and said retainer are spaced apart; And in the said second place, said driver contacts said retainer so that said actuator axially moves away from said nozzle segment, thereby makes said valve move to said open position.

18. fuel injector as claimed in claim 17; Also comprise the biasing member that the said base portion by said body partly carries; Wherein, said biasing member promotes said driver and at least in part said driver being remained in the said primary importance towards said nozzle segment.

19. fuel injector as claimed in claim 17; Wherein, Said driver comprises the first end part relative with the second end part; When said driver was positioned at said primary importance, said first end partly contacted said valve at least in part said valve being remained in the said closed position, and said the second end partly contacts the said retainer of said actuator so that said valve moves to said open position.

20. fuel injector as claimed in claim 19, wherein, the said the second end of said driver partly has conical shaped or frustum shape.

21. fuel injector as claimed in claim 17; Wherein, Said driver comprises the actuator openings of the core that longitudinally extends through said driver, and said actuator extends through said actuator openings, and said driver to be independent of said actuator movable.

22. fuel injector as claimed in claim 21; Wherein, Said driver also comprises radially spaced apart and longitudinally extend through the fuel passage of said driver with said actuator openings, and said fuel passage is configured such that fuel flows through said driver.

23. fuel injector as claimed in claim 17 also comprises the magnet that is carried by said nozzle segment, wherein, said magnet attracts said driver towards said nozzle segment, at least in part said driver is remained in the said second place.

24. fuel injector as claimed in claim 17 also comprises the forcer that is carried by said body, wherein, said forcer is configured to produce electromagnetic force or piezoelectric forces so that the motion of said driver.

25. fuel injector as claimed in claim 17; Wherein, When said driver moves away from said primary importance; Said driver is in contact first distance of moving before the said retainer, and when said driver motion away from said primary importance so that said valve when moving to said open position, said driver moves greater than the second distance of said first distance.

26. fuel injector as claimed in claim 25, wherein, said first distance is at least approximately 10-40% of said second distance.

27. a fuel injector that is configured to inject fuel in the firing chamber, said fuel injector comprises:

The first insulator body and first fuel passage, the said first insulator body has the first end part relative with the second end part, and said first fuel passage partly extends to said the second end part from said first end;

The second insulator body, the said second insulator body have the opening that longitudinally runs through said second insulator body extension, and wherein, the said the second end of the said first insulator body partly is positioned in the said opening of the said second insulator body;

Conductor, said conductor are positioned between the said the second end part of said second insulator body and the said first insulator body, and wherein, said conductor configuration becomes to be attached to the energy;

The conduction nozzle ejection that is attached to said conductor is most advanced and sophisticated; Wherein, Said nozzle ejection tip is attached to second fuel passage of said first fluid path with comprising fluid, and the part of the said second insulator body is partly carried and extended through at said nozzle ejection tip by the said the second end of the said first insulator body;

Valve, said valve is partly carried by the said first end of the said first insulator body, and wherein, said valve is movable with respect to said first fuel passage between closed position and open position; And

Driver, said driver are positioned in the said first end part of the said first insulator body movingly, and wherein, said driver constructions becomes said valve is moved between said open position and closed position.

28. fuel injector as claimed in claim 27, wherein, the said the second end of said first insulator partly has conical shaped or frustum shape.

29. fuel injector as claimed in claim 27, wherein, said conductor is around the said the second end part coiling spirally of the said first insulator body.

30. fuel injector as claimed in claim 27; Wherein, Said opening in the said second insulator body has first open part that extends away from second open part; Said first open part has towards said nozzle ejection tip the straitly conical shaped or the frustum shape of convergent, and said second open part has the edge direction opposite with said first the open part straitly conical shaped or the frustum shape of convergent.

31. fuel injector as claimed in claim 27 also comprises the conductive strips that are attached to the outer interface between said first insulator body and the said second insulator body, wherein, said conductive strips are attached to said conductor and are configured to be attached to the igniting energy.

32. fuel injector as claimed in claim 27 also comprises:

Biasing member; Said biasing member is positioned in the said first end part of the said driver of vicinity of the said first insulator body; Wherein, Said biasing member is configured to partly promote said driver towards the said the second end of the said first insulator body, at least in part said valve is remained in the said closed position; And

Forcer, said forcer are positioned in the said first end part of the said first insulator body, and wherein, said forcer is configured to cause the motion of said driver, so that said valve moves between said open position and closed position.

33. fuel injector as claimed in claim 27; Also comprise the flexibly deformable seal part that covers the most advanced and sophisticated at least a portion of said nozzle ejection; Wherein, Said deformable seal part is configured in response to the resiliently deformable at least in part of the intended fuel pressure gradient in the said sparger, and is most advanced and sophisticated so that said fuel is discharged said nozzle ejection.

34. fuel injector as claimed in claim 27; Wherein, Said nozzle ejection tip is attached to a plurality of fuel carrying paths of said second fluid passage with also comprising fluid; Wherein, each fuel carrying path extends away from said second fluid passage with the angle that the longitudinal axis about said nozzle tip part tilts.

35. fuel injector as claimed in claim 34 also comprises the deformable seal part that covers said a plurality of fuel carrying paths at least in part.

36. fuel injector as claimed in claim 27; Also comprise the metal burner Sealing; Said metal burner Sealing is attached to the said second insulator body and is configured to and can engage with engine components with screwing; Wherein, said combustion chamber sealing spare carries one or more ignition Characteristics, and said one or more ignition Characteristics is configured to partly produce ignition event with said nozzle tip.

37. a fuel injector that is configured to inject fuel in the firing chamber, said fuel injector comprises:

Body, said body have the base portion part relative with nozzle segment;

Valve, said valve is carried by said nozzle segment and between open position and closed position, is movable;

Actuator, said actuator have the first end part that operationally is attached to said valve and with said first end part opposite second end part, wherein, said actuator comprises and is positioned at the actuator retainer that said the second end is partly located;

Driver, said driver carries movingly and is positioned between said actuator retainer and the said valve by said base portion part, and wherein, said driver is formed by the material of part magnetic at least;

Electromagnetic pole element, said electromagnetic pole element are partly carried and are positioned between said driver and the said valve by said base portion; And

Biasing member; Said biasing member extends between said driver and said magnetic pole elements; Wherein, said biasing member promotes said driver away from said magnetic pole elements, to contact said actuator retainer and the said actuator of tensioning; Thereby at least in part said valve is remained in the said closed position; And said driver is towards the motion of said magnetic pole elements and compress said biasing member at least in part, removing the tension force in the said actuator at least in part, thereby makes said valve move to said open position.

38. fuel injector as claimed in claim 37; Wherein, Said biasing member is first biasing member; And said fuel injector also comprises second biasing member that is positioned between said driver and the said magnetic pole elements, and when said driver when magnetic pole elements is moved, said driver compresses said second biasing member at least in part.

39. fuel injector as claimed in claim 38, wherein, said first biasing member is the coil pipe stage clip, and said second biasing member is a disc spring.

40. fuel injector as claimed in claim 38, wherein, said second biasing member is processed by nonmagnetic substance.

41. fuel injector as claimed in claim 37 also comprises the fuel passage that longitudinally extends through said body, wherein, said fuel passage longitudinally extends through said driver and said magnetic pole elements.

42. fuel injector as claimed in claim 37, wherein, when said valve moved to said open position, said valve outwards moved away from said nozzle segment.

43. a fuel injector that is configured to inject fuel in the firing chamber, said fuel injector comprises:

Body, said body have the base portion part relative with nozzle segment;

Actuator, said actuator extends through said body, and wherein, said actuator is attached to said valve and comprises and the isolated actuator retainer of said valve;

Actuator stretcher, said actuator stretcher have and are configured to contact first side of said actuator retainer and second side relative with said first side;

Biasing member; Said biasing member is positioned between said valve and the said actuator stretcher; Wherein, Said biasing member contacts said second side of said actuator stretcher and partly promotes said actuator stretcher towards said base portion, also at least in part said valve is remained in the said closed position with the said actuator of tensioning;

Driver, said driver is partly carried by the said base portion of said first side of contiguous said actuator stretcher, wherein; Said driver is movable between the primary importance and the second place; And in said primary importance, said driver and said actuator stretcher are spaced apart, and in the said second place; Said driver contacts said second side of said actuator stretcher, to remove the tension force in the said actuator and to make said valve move to said open position.

44. fuel injector as claimed in claim 43, wherein, when said driver when said primary importance moves to the said second place, said driver obtained momentum before said second side of the said actuator stretcher of contact.

45. fuel injector as claimed in claim 43 also comprises the magnet that is partly carried by said base portion, wherein, said magnet attracts said driver and at least in part said driver is remained in the said primary importance.

46. fuel injector as claimed in claim 43; Wherein, Said actuator stretcher comprise the center actuator openings and with isolated radially outwardly one or more fuel openings of said actuator openings; Said actuator extends through said actuator openings, and said fuel openings is configured such that said fuel flows through said actuator stretcher.

47. fuel injector as claimed in claim 43 also comprises the forcer that is partly carried by said base portion, wherein, said forcer causes the motion of said driver between the said primary importance and the second place.