CN102712976A - Steel material for thermal cutting using oxygen - Google Patents

Steel material for thermal cutting using oxygen Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102712976A
CN102712976A CN201180006781XA CN201180006781A CN102712976A CN 102712976 A CN102712976 A CN 102712976A CN 201180006781X A CN201180006781X A CN 201180006781XA CN 201180006781 A CN201180006781 A CN 201180006781A CN 102712976 A CN102712976 A CN 102712976A
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steel
cut
amount
cutting
oxygen
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上村隆之
藤原知哉
新宅祥晃
冈田光
久保谕
前田隆雄
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
    • C21D8/0263—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
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Abstract

A steel material for thermal cutting using oxygen, which has a chemical composition that contains, in mass%, 0.06 to 0.20% of Si, 0.010 to 0.033% of P, and more than 0.02 to 0.08% of Al and that satisfies P/Si >= 0.12 and Al/Si <= 0.60, and which has, on the surface, a scale wherein an Si-rich region having an Si concentration of 0.4% or more is present in the form of a layer and an Al-rich region having an Al/Si ratio of 0.3 or more is present in the form of a layer on the surface-layer side of the Si-rich region.

Description

Adopted the steel material for thermal cutting of oxygen
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of steel material for thermal cutting that adopts oxygen, at length say to relate to a kind ofly can utilize that laser, plasma body, gas cut off at a high speed, as to have adopted oxygen steel material for thermal cutting.Particularly relate to a kind of steel that are formed with the surface rolling oxide debris (metal oxide film surface) that when rolling stock, generates.
Background technology
Through the significant technical progress of laser cutter in recent years, it is the thin plate below the 3.2mm that laser cutter not only can be used to cut off thickness of slab, also can be used in and cuts off the slab that thickness of slab reaches 30mm.Therefore, laser cutter is widely used in the cut-out slab.Compare with the shut off gas machine, the problem of laser cutter on safety is less, is adapted at using under the operatorless condition night.For utilizing laser cutter to carry out the unattended of night, in order to ensure sufficient workload, the operation that the bigger steel of employing (following use sometimes " steel plate " explained steel as representative) carry out is made in expectation.
But, under the operating personnel's who does not handle disengagement failure night operatorless condition, owing to ignore fault, possibly produce to cut off and stop or mass production goes out the disorderly such problem of defective of cut surface.Particularly, the disorder of cut surface becomes the major cause of the commodity value that diminishes product, therefore, need revise cut surface again, and the result causes cost to increase.And also there is the situation that must carry out waste disposal as defective products in the obviously disorderly product of cut surface.
Above-mentioned disengagement failure roughly is divided into cause and is cutting off pusher side and cause these two kinds of steel plate sides.
Generally consider various factors for cause in the fault of cutting off pusher side.As the one of which example, there are the variation of the laser output that the variation of voltage by night causes and the vibration of stapling machine.In order to eliminate such failure factor, adopted various ways, but can't eliminate such failure factor fully.
Therefore, in recent years, even if seek a kind of high-quality steel plate that also can stably cut off in the change of cutting off some laser outputs of pusher side generation, the such problem of vibration.
On the other hand, the technical progress that plasma body cuts off is also very remarkable, has promptly improved cut surface quality, cut-out amount.The cut-off velocity that plasma body cuts off is very fast, compares with laser cutting and can cut off thicker steel plate.And, to compare with laser cutter, the plasma body stapling machine also has the such advantage of easy maintenance.But there is short such shortcoming of the life-span of running stores in the plasma body stapling machine.Particularly, utilize the plasma body of high output to cut off the life-span that Plate Steel can shorten running stores.Therefore, for very high with the technology requirement of stably cutting off steel plate at a high speed under low output condition.
Up to now, pointed out that the surface texture of steel plate is very big to the influence of laser cutting property.Think that particularly the adaptation of the oxide debris that improves surface of steel plate is effectively for improving laser cutting property.
As the method that improves the oxide debris adaptation, in patent documentation 1, disclose and be formed with Fe 3O 4(magnetite: magnetite) as the steel plate and the method for manufacture thereof oxide debris, that laser cutting property is good of main body.
The method of manufacture of the good steel plate of a kind of oxide debris adaptation and laser cutting property has been proposed in patent documentation 2; It is characterized in that; Under 850 ℃～720 ℃ temperature, accomplished rolling after; To steel plate table back spraying jetting and steel plate is cooled to 600 ℃～700 ℃ temperature, carry out air cooling afterwards.
Method as another kind raising oxide debris adaptation also discloses a kind of such methods of alloying element such as Cu, Ni of in steel plate, adding.In patent documentation 3, disclose a kind of laser cutting and used steel plate, it is characterized in that the surfaceness of oxide debris is with center line average roughness (Ra 75) count below the 3.0 μ m, and Cu+Ni+Cr contains more than the 0.3 quality %.
From except Cu, Ni, Al oxidation in the operation of rolling, at base material (Japanese: the ground iron) with in the interface of oxide debris form Al 2O 3Contain layer and improve the such consideration of oxide debris adaptation, in patent documentation 4, disclose and satisfied 0.02 quality %≤Al+Cu+Ni≤Plate Steel and method of manufacture thereof 2.0 quality %, that laser cutting property is good.
Denseization gets final product such consideration at the interface from make Cr, Al, Cu and Ni in order to improve the oxide debris adaptation; A kind of Plate Steel is disclosed in patent documentation 5; The base material side of this Plate Steel at the interface of oxide debris and base material has the denseization layer that one or more denseization among Cr, Al, Cu and the Ni form; The thickness of above-mentioned denseization layer is that the laser cutting property of this Plate Steel is good more than the 1.0 μ m.
Patent documentation 1: TOHKEMY 2003-221640 communique
Patent documentation 2: japanese kokai publication hei 8-218119 communique
Patent documentation 3: japanese kokai publication hei 8-3692 communique
Patent documentation 4: japanese kokai publication hei 11-323478 communique
Patent documentation 5: japanese kokai publication hei 11-343541 communique
As the method for patent documentation 1, only through with the magnetite main body as oxide debris, therefore the oxide debris adaptation is insufficient, is difficult to stably carry out laser cutting.In addition, be difficult in that to be used to make oxide debris in the manufacturing process of steel plate be the processing of magnetite (magnetite).
Patent documentation 2 described inventions form thin oxide debris through high pressure water descaling and low temperature rolling, and desire comes the controlled oxidation skin to form through cooling.But in the method, oxide debris is thin excessively.In the laser cutting process of Plate Steel, adopted oxygen as assist gas.The steel plate top that laser is concentrated utilizes the laser cutting steel plate, and the steel plate bottom utilizes the oxidation reaction heat of steel plate to cut off.The oxide debris of surface of steel plate suppresses the oxidizing reaction on steel plate top.If there is not oxide debris, then begin oxidizing reaction at surface of steel plate, fusion is to the cross-wise direction development and to the surface direction development, causes that to cut off the such cut-out of grooving, channeling (gouging) bad.Thereby, if the part that has the oxide debris cracking or peel off then can produce in this part and cut off grooving, channeling.If oxide debris is thin excessively, even if then adaptation is good, the abnormal oxidation of oxide debris suppresses effect and also can disappear, so laser cutting property improvement effect is less.
Method as patent documentation 3; The surfaceness of oxide debris is managed to counting below the 3.0 μ m with Ra and being not easy reliably; In order to solve the problem that is used for the such height of laser cutting stable under night long-time unattended condition, expectation further improves.
As the method for patent documentation 4 and patent documentation 5, improved the oxide debris adaptation through adding various elements, but himself had no regulation for the oxide debris of left and right sides laser cutting property largely, do not guarantee stable laser cutting property.
Shown in above patent documentation, in order to improve laser cutting property, focus in the past and improve on the oxide debris adaptation, attempt complicated heat treatment for this reason or added expensive alloying element etc.The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of such steel; Promptly; Even if do not consider the oxide debris adaptation; Through the chemical constitution that makes steel is suitable scope, in the time of can both doing one's utmost to prevent to adopt big output laser cutter for all thicknesss of slab interruptions taking place to cut off waits disengagement failure, and can the using plasma stapling machine, the shut off gas machine carries out the high speed cut-out.
Summary of the invention
The inventor etc. are in order to solve above-mentioned problem, have adopted the steel movement of the steel heat of oxygen in cutting off to implement various investigation for the laser cutting of exporting greatly, plasma body cut-out, shut off gas etc.As a result, following (a) and opinion (b) have at first been drawn.
(a) use cut-out in the cut-out operation that big output laser cutter carries out bad, particularly cause that cutting off the great reason of interrupting is, the position that is caused by the fluctuating of steel or defective (comprising oxide debris) etc. steel take place is with respect to laser spot change, i.e. so-called " focus dislocation ".Thereby, steel misplace insensitive situation to the focus of laser under, in other words; From under with respect to the bigger situation of the change tolerable limit of cutting off of the focal position of laser of above-mentioned steel; Can improve cut-off velocity, and, under the situation of the bigger steel plate of thickness, also can cut off.In addition, regardless of the situation of oxide debris, can both stably cut off.
The Fe that steel oxidation produces during (b) because of cut-out 2SiO 4The eutectic point of (fayalite (fayalite)), be that the cuttability of fusing point and steel of oxide compound is closely related.So, through reducing Fe 2SiO 4Eutectic point, fused Fe (perhaps red stone) easily discharges from cut-out portion when cutting off, therefore, the raising of laser cutting property.Reduce Fe 2SiO 4The way of eutectic point also easily molten pig is discharged to cut-out portion top (side that heat got into); Therefore, can suppress bad, so-called " burning " phenomenon of causing with the abnormal combustion that takes place under the situation about cutting off at a high speed by when high calorie is imported.
Therefore, then to reducing Fe 2SiO 4The technology of eutectic point study.As a result, drawn the opinion of following (c)～(k).
(c) as reducing Fe 2SiO 4The element of eutectic point, the effect of P is big especially.P is through being contained in Fe 2SiO 4In bring into play the effect that reduces eutectic point.
(d) if only above-mentioned P is contained in the steel, then can make the mechanical properties and the weldableness variation of steel.But, as long as according to steel in the ratio of Si amount the P amount is suitably changed, just can not produce detrimentally affect to the performance of steel, the cuttability of steel significantly improves, and therefore can improve cut-off velocity.
(e) when improving the input of cut-out heat in order to improve laser cutting speed; Be easy to take place combustion phenomena; But suitably contain in the cutting-off process of steel of P in main points, be difficult to take place combustion phenomena, therefore can under high speed, cut off according to above-mentioned (d).In order to improve laser cutting speed, need the Duty (duty, the output time % of the time per unit of pulse oscillating) of laser pulse be made as the condition greater than 65%.In having controlled the steel of the present invention of P/Si, also utilize the kinergety of oxygen to discharge the melt surface thing easily, therefore, under the situation that has improved Duty, can not burn yet, the heat of paying can be used to cut off steel efficiently.
(f) make in the steel cutting-off process of suitableization of P amount according to above-mentioned ratio with the Si amount; The change tolerable limit of cutting off from the laser spot position becomes big; Focus dislocation to cutting off in the operation is insensitive; Therefore, can prevent that cut-out that the shift in position by steel causes is bad or cut off and interrupt.This and an above-mentioned same reason are to discharge easily the melt surface thing.
(g) owing to when cutting off, discharge iron liquid easily; Heat is difficult to be delivered to steel when cutting off; Therefore; Can suppress the steel temperature and rise, also can shorten the time of the microfabrication (carry out the perforation about 10 seconds, the steel refrigerative is being cut off simultaneously) of the cut-out dislocation that causes by thermal distortion, corner part.
(h) in the plasma body cutting-off process that has adopted oxygen to carry out, also same basically with laser cutting, Fe 2SiO 4Eutectic point can influence cuttability.This influence is highly significant in the cutting-off process of the Plate Steel (for example more than the 20mm) that needs oxygen plasma cut-out (cut-out that the oxidizing reaction that utilization is caused by assist gas is carried out) that only can't cut off through the output plasma body.In addition, when needing in order to improve the plasma body cut-off velocity to improve the input of cut-out heat, the cut surface quality reduces; The running stores lifetime; But the ratio according to the Si amount at above-mentioned (d) makes in the cutting-off process of the suitable steel of P amount, can suppress to be used to obtain the heat input of identical cut-off velocity, therefore; The cut surface quality can not reduce yet, and the running stores life-span prolongs.
(i) in the plasma body cutting-off process, though reason and uncertain is added the Ti that can reduce eutectic temperature, V etc. and might be caused cut-off velocity to reduce on the contrary and cut surface becomes and produces fluctuating such shape, so-called " fluctuating " phenomenon.Infer that its cause is, the incidence from steel surface laser and plasma body when cutting off is different, and the mechanism that discharges iron liquid is different.
(j) can know:, need the composition of alloying element be adjusted to suitable scope for the thermal cut-out of oxygen that has been applied to all employings such as shut off gas, laser cutting, plasma body cut-out of the steel with same composition.
(k),, also can guarantee stable cuttability even if do not consider the oxide debris adaptation of former studies about oxide debris.Elementary composition through the adjustment steel is formed with denseization of Si district that denseization of Si form and Al/Si than higher denseization of Al district in oxide debris.Can know: through the Si that makes this denseization of Si district is more than the constant amount, and the Al/Si in denseization of the Al district in the outside that is positioned at denseization of Si district is compared for more than a certain constant value, has stable cuttability.
The present invention accomplishes in view of above-mentioned opinion, its purport has been the employing shown in following (1)～(8) steel material for thermal cutting of oxygen.
(1) a kind of steel material for thermal cutting that adopts oxygen; It has such chemical constitution: contain Si:0.06%～0.20%, P:0.010%～0.033%, Al in quality %: greater than 0.02% and be below 0.08%; Satisfy P/Si>=0.12 and Al/Si≤0.60; This has adopted the steel material for thermal cutting of oxygen to have oxide debris on the surface; It is characterized in that in oxide debris, having Si with stratiform is denseization of the Si district more than 0.4%, there is Al/Si in the top layer side in denseization of Si district than being denseization of the Al district more than 0.3 with stratiform.
(2) according to above-mentioned (1) the described steel material for thermal cutting that adopts oxygen; It is characterized in that; These steel have such chemical constitution: in quality % contain C:0.02%～0.20%, Si:0.06%～0.20%, Mn:0.20%～1.60%, P:0.010%～0.033%, below the S:0.015%, Al: greater than 0.02% and be below 0.08%, more than the Cu:0.01% and less than 0.5%, Ni:0.01%～0.5% and below the N:0.009%, remainder is made up of Fe and impurity.
(3) according to above-mentioned (2) the described steel material for thermal cutting that adopts oxygen; It is characterized in that; In the chemical constitution of steel, substitute the part of Fe and also contain below the Ti:0.05% and a kind of in the two below the V:0.05% or two kinds in quality %.
(4) according to above-mentioned (2) or (3) the described steel material for thermal cutting that adopts oxygen, it is characterized in that, in the chemical constitution of steel, substitute the part of Fe and also contain below the Cr:2.0% in quality %.
(5) according to each described steel material for thermal cutting that adopts oxygen in above-mentioned (2)～(4); It is characterized in that; In the chemical constitution of steel, substitute Fe a part and in quality % also contain below Mo:0.5%, below the W:0.4% and select this three below the Nb:0.04% more than one.
(6) according to each described steel material for thermal cutting that adopts oxygen in above-mentioned (2)～(5), it is characterized in that, in the chemical constitution of steel, substitute the part of Fe and also contain below the B:0.003% in quality %.
(7) according to each described steel material for thermal cutting that adopts oxygen in above-mentioned (2)～(6); It is characterized in that; In the chemical constitution of steel, substitute Fe a part and in quality % also contain below Ca:0.005%, below the Mg:0.005% and select this three below the REM:0.005% more than one.
(8) according to each described steel material for thermal cutting that adopts oxygen in above-mentioned (2)～(7); It is characterized in that, in the chemical constitution of steel, substitute the part of Fe and also contain below the Sn:0.50% in quality %; Cu: less than 0.1%, and the Cu/Sn ratio is below 1.0.
Steel of the present invention are the steel material for thermal cutting that has adopted oxygen as stated.Be contain aerobic as assist gas, in other words be the steel that adopted the cut-out usefulness of oxidizing reaction, can be used in that laser cutting, plasma body cut off, shut off gas.
Steel of the present invention are under the situation of laser cutting; To insensitive by the laser spot dislocation that rises and falls or defective causes; Therefore; Become big from the change tolerable limit of cutting off of laser spot position, and, have having improved under the situation of cutting off the heat input and also be difficult to take place the so very good laser cutting property of combustion phenomena.Thereby, adopt steel of the present invention, can utilize big output laser cutter to cut off with flank speed, even if do not come the controlled oxidation skin, also can not produce and poorly cut into complicated shape through special thermal treatment.
In addition, because therefore the also thermally denature can suppress to cut off the time, can utilize strain to guarantee that " bridge " that cut off dimensional precision is limited in inferior limit with being used to.That is,, therefore, can boost productivity owing to finally can artificially shorten time with bridge portion shut off gas.And, in the plasma body cutting-off process, suppressing the fluctuation of cut surface, can under at a high speed, cut off.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cut-out shape in the embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the photo of expression combustion phenomena.
Fig. 3 is the cross-section photograph of expression fluctuation.
Embodiment
Below, specify each prerequisite of the present invention.In addition, " % " of the amount of each element is meant the meaning of " quality % ".
(A) about the basic chemical constitution of steel:
Si：0.06％～0.20％
Si is oxidized and in oxide debris, form Fe in the thermal cut-out process that has adopted oxygen to carry out 2SiO 4, the element of thermal cut-out property of oxygen has been adopted in domination to a great extent.
The amount of Si influences Fe largely 2SiO 4The formation amount.That is Fe, 2SiO 4Eutectic temperature be 1173 ℃, well below the fusing point (1369 ℃) of FeO.Thereby, as long as have Fe in the ferriferous oxide that when the thermal cut-out that has adopted oxygen to carry out, generates 2SiO 4, liquid phase just can continue to 1173 ℃, therefore, in the low temperature district, discharges fused Fe or ferriferous oxide easily, and cuttability improves.Si amount in mother metal is less than 0.06% o'clock, Fe 2SiO 4Growing amount tail off, be difficult to discharge fused Fe or ferriferous oxide, therefore, the fusion of cut surface development in the laser cutting process produces and is known as the phenomenon of " dig plane (Japanese: ぇ ぐ れ) ".In addition, of the back, the Fe in Si amount and the oxide debris 2SiO 4Have a confidential relation, for the Si amount in denseization of the Si district that makes oxide debris is more than 0.4%, also need make the Si amount in the steel is more than 0.06%.
On the other hand, at the Si amount greater than 0.20% o'clock, though generated the Fe of q.s 2SiO 4, but because therefore the P that states after need containing in a large number can cause the such steel characteristics of mechanical properties and weldableness to reduce.
Thereby the Si amount is 0.06%～0.20%.The Si amount is limited to 0.15% on preferably.In addition, be limited to 0.08% under preferred.
P：0.010％～0.033％、P／Si≥0.12
P is easy to be contained in Fe most when cutting off 2SiO 4In, reduce the element of eutectic point effectively, it has to make discharges the effect that fused Fe or ferriferous oxide transfiguration are prone to improve the thermal cut-out property that has adopted oxygen in the low temperature district.And owing to discharge easily ferriferous oxide, the steel billet temperature in the time of can suppressing to cut off rises, thus the thermal strain can suppress to cut off the time.Therefore, same with Si, the P amount becomes important factor.
P need contain enough amounts with respect to Si.Than less than 0.12 o'clock, can't give full play to making Fe at P/Si 2SiO 4The effect that reduces of eutectic point, therefore need make the P/Si ratio is more than 0.12.The P/Si ratio is preferably more than 0.15.But, the P amount less than 0.010% situation under, be more than 0.15 in order to make the P/Si ratio, have to reduce the Si amount, Fe 2SiO 4Quantitative change is few.Therefore, the stability of laser cutting reduces, and the situation smallest limit cut-off velocity of cutting off at plasma body reduces.On the other hand, along with the increase of P amount, cuttability improves, but at the P amount greater than 0.033% o'clock, this improves and shows tendency, and mechanical properties and the such steel characteristics variation of weldableness.Thereby in order to obtain good cuttability, need make the P amount is 0.010%～0.033%.
Al: greater than 0.02% and be below 0.08%, Al/Si≤0.60
Al has desoxydatoin, therefore need contain.In addition, Al and P likewise are easy to be contained in Fe 2SiO 4In, have the effect that reduces eutectic temperature, this Fe 2SiO 4Be present in the ferriferous oxide that has generated when having adopted the thermal cut-out that oxygen carries out.Therefore, make in the low temperature district and to discharge fused Fe or the ferriferous oxide transfiguration is prone to, improve thermal cut-out property (laser cutting property).And for the Al/Si ratio in denseization of the Al district in the oxide debris of stating after making is more than 0.3, the Al amount need be greater than 0.02%.On the other hand, greater than 0.08% o'clock, generate the island martensite body of hard, toughness variation at the Al amount at weld part.Thereby the Al amount is greater than 0.02% and be below 0.08%.The Al amount is limited to 0.05% on preferably.In addition, be limited to 0.03% under preferred.
In steel, excessively contain under the situation of Al, when having adopted the thermal cut-out of oxygen, remove Fe with respect to Si 2SiO 4Outside also can generate dystectic Al 2O 3(aluminum oxide), the cuttability variation.Therefore, to represent that with the relation of Si amount the Al amount is Al/Si≤0.60.
(B) about the preferable chemical constitution of steel:
The steel material for thermal cutting preferably above-mentioned (A) that the has adopted oxygen described chemical constitution of the present invention, also contain the element of the amount that is described below except having.
C：0.02％～0.20％
C is the element that improves intensity, therefore preferably contains the C more than 0.02%.But, greater than 0.20% o'clock, make the toughness variation of steel plate sometimes at the C amount.Therefore, the C amount is preferably 0.02%～0.20%.C is cheap element, when having adopted the thermal cut-out of oxygen, also can expect the raising effect by the cuttability that reaction heat caused of the C in O (oxygen) and the steel, therefore, and the lower limit of C amount more preferably 0.05%.
Mn：0.20％～1.60％
Mn is to guaranteeing the steel strength effective elements, therefore preferably containing the Mn more than 0.20%.But, greater than 1.60% o'clock, cause the toughness variation sometimes and adopted the thermal cut-out property variation of oxygen at the Mn amount.Therefore, the Mn amount is preferably 0.20%～1.60%.The lower limit of Mn amount more preferably 0.30%.In addition, the upper limit of Mn amount more preferably 1.30%.
Below the S:0.015%
S is present in the steel as impurity, though can not influence the thermal cut-out property that has adopted oxygen basically, more for a long time, might produce detrimentally affect to the mechanical propertiess such as toughness of steel at its amount.Thereby the mode that the S amount is suppressed at below the constant basis is preferable, is preferably below 0.015%.The S amount is more preferably below 0.010%.
More than the Cu:0.01% and less than 0.5%
Cu is the element that improves erosion resistance.In order to obtain this effect, need contain more than 0.01%.The Cu amount is more preferably more than 0.02%.On the other hand, more for a long time, the Cu be full of cracks might take place at its amount.Therefore, the Cu amount is suppressed to less than the mode of constant basis preferable, is preferably less than 0.5%, more preferably below 0.4%.
Ni：0.01％～0.5％
Ni is the element that improves erosion resistance.In order to obtain this effect, need contain more than 0.01%.The Ni amount is more preferably more than 0.02%.On the other hand, more for a long time, might produce detrimentally affect at the Ni amount to the grade of strand.Therefore, the mode that the Ni amount is suppressed at below the constant basis is preferable, is preferably below 0.5%, more preferably below 0.4%.
Below the N:0.009%
N is present in the steel as impurity, more for a long time, might produce detrimentally affect to the grade of weldableness and strand at its amount.Therefore, the mode that the N amount is suppressed at below the constant basis is preferable, is preferably below 0.009%.
In view of above-mentioned reason; The steel material for thermal cutting that has adopted oxygen of the present invention has such steel and forms: in quality % contain C:0.02%～0.20%, Si:0.06%～0.20%, Mn:0.20%～1.60%, P:0.010%～0.033%, below the S:0.015%, Al: greater than 0.02% and be below 0.08%, more than the Cu:0.01% and less than 0.5%, Ni:0.01%～0.5% and below the N:0.009%, remainder is made up of Fe and impurity.
In addition, the composition that the meaning of impurity is meant raw materials such as ore, waste material, sneaks in view of a variety of causes of manufacturing process is allowed can not producing in the dysgenic scope the present invention.
The steel material for thermal cutting that has adopted oxygen of the present invention can also contain more than one the element of from following (ィ)～(ヘ) cited element, selecting as required.
(ィ) more than one below the Ti:0.05% and in below the V:0.05%
(ロ) below the Cr:2.0%
Below (Ha) Mo:0.4%, below the W:0.4% and in below the Nb:0.04% more than one
(ニ) below the B:0.003%
(ホ) more than one below the Ca:0.005%, below the Mg:0.005% and in below the REM:0.005%
(ヘ) below the Sn:0.50%
Below, describe about above-mentioned element.
Below the Ti:0.05% and in below the V:0.05% more than one
Ti and V reduce Fe 2SiO 4The element of eutectic point, it has to make discharges the effect that fused Fe or ferriferous oxide transfiguration are prone to improve the thermal cut-out property that has adopted oxygen in the low temperature district.Therefore, can find that in the cut-out of having adopted oxygen, particularly laser cutting process performance improves.But, cut off about plasma body, have the situation that reduces limit cut-off velocity on the contrary, therefore, preferred Ti is 0.05% as the upper limit, V is 0.05% as the upper limit, more preferably with 0.04% as the upper limit.In order to obtain above-mentioned effect, Ti and V amount all are preferably more than 0.005%, more preferably more than 0.01%.
Below the Cr:2.0%
Cr has the effect that improves armor plate strength.But,, formed the higher Cr oxide compound of fusing point and make that liquation is mobile to be worsened greater than 2.0% o'clock at its amount, under the situation of the roughness variation on the thermal cut-out surface of having adopted oxygen and laser cutting, might cause forming and cut off grooving.Therefore, the Cr amount that contains under the situation of Cr is below 2.0%.The Cr amount is more preferably below 1.5%.In order to obtain above-mentioned effect, the Cr amount is preferably more than 0.02%, more preferably more than 0.03%.
Below the Mo:0.5%, below the W:0.4% and in below the Nb:0.04% one More than kind
Mo, W and Nb have the effect that improves intensity, therefore, in order to obtain this effect, also can contain above-mentioned element.Explanation at length below.
Mo has through the solid molten effect that improves armor plate strength of strengthening.But, make mode that the Mo amount contains Mo in a large number greater than 0.5% ground not only unfavorable aspect the cost, also might damage weldableness.Therefore, the Mo amount that contains under the situation of Mo is below 0.5%.The Mo amount is more preferably below 0.4%.In order to obtain above-mentioned effect, preferably contain the Mo more than 0.1%, more preferably contain the Mo more than 0.15%.
W has through the solid molten effect that improves armor plate strength of strengthening.But, make mode that the W amount contains W in a large number greater than 0.4% ground not only unfavorable aspect the cost, also might damage weldableness.Therefore, the W amount that contains under the situation of W is below 0.4%.The W amount is more preferably below 0.3%.In order to obtain above-mentioned effect, preferably contain the W more than 0.05%, more preferably contain the W more than 0.08%.
Nb has the effect that improves armor plate strength through precipitation strength.But, make mode that the Nb amount contains Nb in a large number greater than 0.04% ground not only unfavorable aspect the cost, also might make the toughness variation of weld part.Thereby the Nb amount that contains under the situation of Nb is below 0.04%.The Nb amount is more preferably below 0.03%.In order to obtain above-mentioned effect, the Nb amount is preferably more than 0.005%, more preferably more than 0.01%.
Below the B:0.0030%
B has the effect that improves hardenability.But, when making the B amount contain B, might make the weldableness variation greater than 0.0030% ground.Therefore, the B amount that contains under the situation of B is below 0.0030%.The B amount is more preferably below 0.0020%.In order to obtain above-mentioned effect, preferably contain the B more than 0.0005%, more preferably contain the B more than 0.0008%.
Below the Ca:0.005%, below the Mg:0.005% and REM:0.005% with Down more than one
Ca, Mg and REM have the flexible effect that improves welding heat affected zone (below be called " HAZ "), therefore, in order to obtain this effect, also can contain above-mentioned element.Explanation at length below.
Ca has the effect of the HAZ of improvement flexible.But, greater than 0.005% o'clock, might damage the thermal cut-out property that has adopted oxygen at the Ca amount.Thereby the Ca amount that contains under the situation of Ca is below 0.005%.The Ca amount is more preferably below 0.004%.In order to obtain above-mentioned effect, preferably contain the Ca more than 0.001%, more preferably contain the Ca more than 0.002%.
Mg has the effect of the HAZ of improvement flexible.But, greater than 0.005% o'clock, might damage the thermal cut-out property that has adopted oxygen at the Mg amount.Thereby the Mg amount that contains under the situation of Mg is below 0.005%.The Mg amount is more preferably below 0.004%.In order to obtain above-mentioned effect, preferably contain the Mg more than 0.001%, more preferably contain the Mg more than 0.002%.
REM has the effect of the HAZ of improvement flexible.But, greater than 0.005% o'clock, might damage the thermal cut-out property that has adopted oxygen at R EM amount.Thereby the R EM amount that contains under the situation of REM is below 0.005%.R EM amount is more preferably below 0.004%.In order to obtain above-mentioned effect, preferably contain the REM more than 0.001%, more preferably contain the REM more than 0.002%.
In addition, REM is the general name of 17 kinds of elements of total of Sc, Y and lanthanon, and the REM amount is meant the meaning of the total amount of above-mentioned element.
Sn becomes Sn 2+And melt, have the restraining effect of utilizing in the acid chloride solution and suppress the corrosive effect.In addition, Sn is owing to have the Fe of making 3+Promptly reduce and reduce Fe as oxygenant 3+The effect of concentration, thus Fe suppressed 3+The corrosion promoter action, therefore, improved the weathering resistance in the high salt time-sharing environment of wafting.Sn also has the anode dissolution that suppresses steel and reacts the effect that improves erosion resistance.Greater than 0.50% o'clock, above-mentioned effect was saturated at the Sn amount.Thereby the Sn amount that contains under the situation of Sn is below 0.50%.The Sn amount is more preferably below 0.30%.In order to obtain above-mentioned effect, preferably contain the Sn more than 0.03%, more preferably contain the Sn more than 0.05%.
Containing under the situation of Sn, making the Cu amount, and the Cu/Sn ratio is below 1.0 less than 0.1%.The Cu amount be more than 0.1% or Cu/Sn than greater than 1.0 o'clock, reduce because of containing the Cu erosion resistance sometimes, and, when the manufacturing steel plate, can cause rolling crack.The upper limit that contains the Cu amount under the situation of Sn is preferably 0.09%.
(C) about oxide debris:
Oxide debris is steel surface oxidation and the oxide skin that forms when making steel.The composition of oxide debris is also inhomogeneous in the whole zone in cross section.In the present invention, through in oxide debris, being formed with denseization of Si district, denseization of Al district, make the cuttability stabilization with stratiform.In addition, denseization of Si district, denseization of Al district needn't be formed on whole of the steel plate as layer completely, even have the zone of discontented unabridged version invention condition in the part of layer, also can not produce very big influence to cuttability.
Denseization of Si district forms through denseization of Si at oxide debris/steel near interface, becomes and relatively is rich in Fe 2SiO 4The zone.In denseization of Si district, need make and count denseization of Si more than 0.4% with quality %.It is generally acknowledged through forming so denseization district, become to assign to suppress burning at the cut-out initial stage as lower melting point and wait cut-out bad.
In addition, be formed with denseization of Al district than denseization of Si district Pictest layer side with stratiform.Al/Si ratio through making denseization of Al district is more than 0.3, when cutting off, discharges molten oxide easily.
Denseization of Al district also forms relatively near oxide debris/steel near interface.Each denseization layer exists from the order of steel side according to oxide debris/steel interface, denseization of Si district, denseization of Al district.So long as such structure just can prevent reliably that burning from waiting cut-out bad.
The quantitative analysis of each element in the oxide debris can utilize photoglow light-emitting area analytical equipment easily to measure, and in addition, utilizes methods such as oblique angle X-ray diffraction also can confirm to exist Fe 2SiO 4
(D) other:
Do not have special qualification for the thickness of the steel material for thermal cutting of oxygen that adopted of the present invention.The steel of thin-walled can adopt the thermal cut-out of oxygen certainly, even but thickness is the above steel of 12mm, also can adopt the thermal cut-out of oxygen fully.But, under the situation of laser cutting, also depending on output characteristic, the upper limit of thickness of steel product is preferably 30mm.Under the situation that plasma body cuts off, also depend on output characteristic, the upper limit of thickness of steel product is preferably 100mm.
In addition, the thickness of oxide debris does not have special qualification yet, and oxide debris is in the oxide debris of utilizing common steel manufacturing process to generate, has in the steel of oxide debris of 3 μ m～100 μ m on the surface, obviously finds to suppress to cut off bad effect.During greater than 100 μ m, there is the violent tendency of concavo-convex change of surface scale in oxide debris, therefore unsatisfactory.
Even sneak into the iron rust composition (FeOOH: hydrous iron oxide), also do not have very big problem, but its incorporation rate should be below 20% in quality % except so-called expanded skin on the surface.
Below, utilize embodiment that the present invention more specifically is described, but the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.It all is the cut-outs that utilize oxide compound control to carry out that laser cutting, plasma body cut off, and self-evident, steel of the present invention also can be applied to shut off gas.
Embodiment 1
The slab that will have the steel No.1～No.22 of the chemical constitution shown in the table 1 is heated to 1120 ℃, removes through descaling after the oxide debris at initial stage, under 750 ℃～900 ℃ of precision work temperature, is rolling to thickness of slab 16mm, 25mm, 32mm and obtains 3 kinds of steel.Afterwards, wait for the growth of oxide debris, after water-cooled, utilize levelling arm to correct Flatness.Oxide debris arranged in that the steel surface that manufactures is remaining.
In addition, the steel No.1～No.18 in the table 1 is the steel that chemical constitution is in the present invention's example in the scope given to this invention.On the other hand, steel No.19～No.22 is the steel that breaks away from the comparative example of condition given to this invention.Wherein, for the steel of steel No.22, owing to produced crackle, therefore do not carry out the mensuration shown in following.
Adopt the Ma Kasishi high frequency glow Discharge illuminating surface analysis device GD-Profiler 2 of H ORIBA system; At machining area: the area during φ 4mm, RF output: the element of measuring under the condition of 35W, argon pressure: 600Pa from the surface distributes, and analyzes staples such as Fe in the oxide debris, O, Al, Si, P.And, confirm scale thickness according to the distribution of O.Based on denseization of Si district in these data validation oxide debriss and denseization of Al district, and calculate the Si amount in denseization of Si district, the Al/Si ratio in denseization of Al district.
In addition,, carry out oblique angle x-ray diffraction experiment (5 ° of input angles, CoK alpha-ray), confirm whether to exist Fe for the steel sample that has generated oxide debris 2SiO 4Composition.Though be very little peak value, in the oxide debris on the steel of steel No.1～No.20, near 55 °～56 °, observed Fe 2SiO 4Peak value (JCPDS 34-0178, d=1.922A).On the other hand, do not see Fe in the oxide debris on the steel of steel No.21 2SiO 4Peak value.
Table 1
Figure BDA00001915368500191
Cutting off the laser cutter that is adopted is the CO of the output 6kW of Xiao Chi oxygen Industrial Co., Ltd system 2Laser cutter.Output is made as 5000W, is to cut off under the condition of 1000Hz in frequency.In addition, oxygen pressure is 0.05MPa in the inboard, is 0.03MPa in the outside.
Steel about thickness of slab 16mm; For the evaluation limitation cut-off velocity, at first in steel surface decision laser spot, afterwards in perforation (perforation); The square material that downcuts 50mm * 50mm from each steel (wherein; Turning R is 3mm), at Duty:50%, cut off under speed 900mm/min improves cut-off velocity with 25mm/min spacing (pitch) the condition and downcut certainly, according to whether the grooving phenomenon taking place, slag adheres to and burning that such cut-out is bad to be judged.Then, grooving phenomenon, slag are adhered to and the highest cut-off velocity that all is not observed of burning as limit cut-off velocity.
In addition; For the mensuration of cutting off nargin (can cut off scope); At first in steel surface decision laser spot; Secondly make the nozzle tip position implement test under away from the condition of steel surface, near the condition of steel surface, adhering to according to whether grooving phenomenon and slag take place that such cut-out is bad to be judged with the 0.25mm spacing.Then, the change tolerable limit of cutting off from the laser spot position is tried to achieve in the dislocation that mensuration is not observed the grooving phenomenon and slag adheres to the two maximum nozzle apical position.Cut-off velocity is 900mm/min.
In addition; Stability for evaluating operation; The shape of cutting off 20 that kind as shown in Figure 1 with cut-off velocity 700mm/min, Duty 70% from the steel of thickness of slab 25mm, about 200mm * 200mm is (at this; Be called Type1, Type2), estimate the number (result is an incidence) that combustion phenomena has taken place.Fig. 2 representes the example of combustion phenomena.The part that the cut-out groove broadens is the position that combustion phenomena has taken place.
Plasma body cuts off the SUPER400 that uses Xiao Chi oxygen Industrial Co., Ltd system.Cut off with the 50mm spacing that 150mm is wide, the steel of thickness of slab 32mm.In 134A, the overdrive n. function of using stapling machine with 5% spacing (57.5mm/min) raising speed, adheres to according to whether back slag takes place that such cut-out is bad to be judged from speed 1150mm/min.The highest cut-off velocity that to not observe cut-out bad (slag adheres to) is as limit cut-off velocity.In addition, the face during top speed when observation can be cut off, with the average evaluation of observing fluctuation of that kind shown in Figure 3 for *, be zero with the average evaluation of the level and smooth face quality of not seeing fluctuation.Table 2 is concluded the expression investigation result.
According to the laser cutting test-results in the table 2; In the test No.1～No.18 of the present invention's example that satisfies condition given to this invention; Limit cut-off velocity is more than the 1350mm/min, and in addition, but the change tolerable limit of laser cutting is more than the 4.75mm; Focus dislocation to laser is insensitive, we can say that cuttability is good.
Table 2
Table 2
Figure BDA00001915368500211
is with respect to this; In the test No.19～No.21 of comparative example, can the cut-out scope be below the 2.5mm.In test No.21, though limit cut-off velocity rises, it is very narrow to cut off scope.That is, even if can under at a high speed, cut off, also can cause the bad situation of cutting off because of condition variation slightly.
Obviously, the cut-out shape that combustion phenomena just can cut into complicacy does not take place in steel of the present invention.
Cut off test-results according to the plasma body in the table 2; In the test No.1～No.18 of the present invention's example that satisfies condition given to this invention; The Plate Steel that 32mm is thick can cut off with the speed more than the 1800mm/min; The plasma body cuttability is good, and does not also have fluctuation, and the face quality is very good.
With respect to this, in the test No.19～No.21 of comparative example, limit cut-off velocity is about 1550mm/min～1610mm/min, even can cut off, the face quality also has problem.
Utilizability on the industry
Steel of the present invention focusing dislocation under the situation of laser cutting is insensitive; And; Have having improved under the situation of cutting off the heat input and also be difficult to take place the so very good laser cutting property of combustion phenomena, therefore, can be to cut off at a high speed; Even if do not come the controlled oxidation skin, also can not produce and poorly cut into complicated shape through special thermal treatment.And, in the plasma body cutting-off process, suppressed the fluctuation of cut surface, can be to cut off at a high speed.

Claims (8)

1. steel material for thermal cutting that adopts oxygen; It has such chemical constitution: contain Si:0.06%～0.20%, P:0.010%～0.033%, Al in quality %: greater than 0.02% and be below 0.08%; Satisfy P/Si>=0.12 and Al/Si≤0.60; This has adopted the steel material for thermal cutting of oxygen to have oxide debris on the surface, it is characterized in that
In oxide debris, having Si with stratiform is denseization of the Si district more than 0.4%, and there is Al/Si in the top layer side in denseization of Si district than being denseization of the Al district more than 0.3 with stratiform.
2. the steel material for thermal cutting that adopts oxygen according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
These steel have such chemical constitution: in quality % contain C:0.02%～0.20%, Si:0.06%～0.20%, Mn:0.20%～1.60%, P:0.010%～0.033%, below the S:0.015%, Al: greater than 0.02% and be below 0.08%, more than the Cu:0.01% and less than 0.5%, Ni:0.01%～0.5% and below the N:0.009%, remainder is made up of Fe and impurity.
3. the steel material for thermal cutting that adopts oxygen according to claim 2 is characterized in that,
In the chemical constitution of steel, substitute the part of Fe and also contain below the Ti:0.05% and a kind of in the two below the V:0.05% or two kinds in quality %.
4. according to claim 2 or the 3 described steel material for thermal cutting that adopt oxygen, it is characterized in that,
In the chemical constitution of steel, substitute the part of Fe and also contain below the Cr:2.0% in quality %.
5. according to each described steel material for thermal cutting that adopts oxygen in the claim 2～4, it is characterized in that,
In the chemical constitution of steel, substitute Fe a part and in quality % also contain below Mo:0.5%, below the W:0.4% and select this three below the Nb:0.04% more than one.
6. according to each described steel material for thermal cutting that adopts oxygen in the claim 2～5, it is characterized in that,
In the chemical constitution of steel, substitute the part of Fe and also contain below the B:0.003% in quality %.
7. according to each described steel material for thermal cutting that adopts oxygen in the claim 2～6, it is characterized in that,
In the chemical constitution of steel, substitute Fe a part and in quality % also contain below Ca:0.005%, below the Mg:0.005% and select this three below the REM:0.005% more than one.
8. according to each described steel material for thermal cutting that adopts oxygen in the claim 2～7, it is characterized in that,
In the chemical constitution of steel, substitute the part of Fe and also contain below the Sn:0.50% Cu in quality %: less than 0.1%, and the Cu/Sn ratio is below 1.0.
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