CN102709921B - Control method of low-voltage reactive compensation device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a control circuit of a low-voltage reactive compensation device. The control circuit of the low-voltage reactive compensation device comprises a control module, a power supply module, an HCI (Human-Computer Interaction) module, a collection module, a data storage module, a communication module, a switching control circuit, a zero passage switching module and a protection alarm module, wherein the control module is respectively connected with the power supply module, the HCI module, the collection module, the data storage module, the communication module, the switching control circuit and the protection alarm module, and the switching control circuit is sequentially connected with the zero passage switching module and a capacitor. A distribution network system is partitioned according to a voltage value and a reactive power value, the existing nine-zone diagram is improved, and a reactive compensation device can be compensated by a controller according to the improved nine-zone diagram. According to the control circuit disclosed by the invention, the problem that frequent switching is easy to cause in the traditional nine-zone diagram control is overcome, and the control circuit has the advantages that the cost is low, the application is flexible, and the fast and accurate switching of the capacitor can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric network reactive compensation field, be specifically related to a kind of control circuit and control method thereof of low-voltage reactive compensator capable.
Background technology
In industrial production and daily life, most of loads are all resistance sense, need to consume a large amount of reactive powers.The transmission of reactive power in transmission line, can cause electric current in circuit to increase, thereby increase the loss in circuit.Also can cause the decline of quality of voltage, power consumption equipment is caused to adverse effect simultaneously.Therefore, the application of reactive power compensator, has important function for the power factor and the transmission voltage quality that improve system, is conducive to efficient, the safe operation of electrical network, also significant for energy-saving and emission-reduction.
At present common reactive power compensator, according to the difference of sampling physical quantity, is mainly divided into two kinds of power factor type idle compensating control and reactive power type idle compensating controls.Because electric power system is general, directly using power factor as the whether qualified detection index of user power utilization, the power factor type controller that the power factor of take is controlled quentity controlled variable be the most simply, the most traditional control program.But in practical application, when underloading, be prone to " switching concussion " phenomenon of frequent switching; Although there will be power factor to satisfy condition when heavy duty, the idle component of load is very large situation still, can not conscientiously accomplish the tracking of reactive power to regulate.The controller that the reactive power of take is controlled quentity controlled variable comparatively perfect solution the deficiency of power factor type controller, can the effect of compensation arrangement be performed to best.Existing low-voltage reactive compensator capable have small product size large, inner complicated, maintainable poor, use inflexible shortcoming.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of low-voltage reactive compensator capable and control method thereof, overcome the frequent switching problem that the shortcoming of existing low-voltage reactive compensator capable and existing nine district figure easily occur in controlling.
The control circuit of a kind of low-voltage reactive compensator capable provided by the invention, described reactive power compensator comprises capacitor; Its improvements are, described control circuit comprises control module, power module, human-computer interaction module, acquisition module, data memory module, communication module, switching control circuit, operating passing zero module and protection alarm module; Described control module is connected with described power module, described human-computer interaction module, described acquisition module, described data memory module, described communication module, described switching control circuit and described protection alarm module respectively; Described switching control circuit is connected with described capacitor with described operating passing zero module successively.
Wherein, described reactive power compensator is three-phase total compensation mode, and described sampling module is taked the line voltage U of A, C phase
aC, get the phase current I of B phase
b; Described capacitor comprises the capacitor of two groups of Δ shape connections.
Wherein, described reactive power compensator is three-phase separate-supplement mode, and described sample circuit is taked the phase voltage U of A, B, C three-phase
a, phase voltage U
bwith phase voltage U
c, get the phase current I of A, B, C three-phase
a, phase current I
bwith phase current I
c; Described capacitor comprises the capacitor of a star connection.
Wherein, the described reactive power compensator of at least two form three-phase total compensation mode and three-phase separate-supplement mode in conjunction with time, the three-phase mixing compensation system that forms in parallel between described reactive power compensator.
Wherein, the switch of switched capacitor is selected the combination switch with no-voltage conducting and zero current break function, the surge current when dropping into and excising to reduce capacitor.
Wherein, described control module comprises LPC2388 controller.
Wherein, described human-computer interaction module comprises keyboard and LCD display; Described keyboard is for arranging the parameter of reactive power compensator, and described LCD display is for showing power factor, voltage, electric current, active power and the reactive power parameter of three-phase.
Wherein, described communication module adopts RS485 communication mode, and it selects the described reactive power compensator quantity of access and type according to load, and selected one of them be main frame, work by the mode of master-slave communication with remaining device.
The present invention is based on a kind of control method based on low-voltage reactive compensator capable that another object provides, its improvements are, according to magnitude of voltage and reactive power value Jiang Jiu district figure, improve, described LPC2388 controller carries out Region control according to improved nine district figure, control command is passed to described switching control circuit and described operating passing zero module, the capacitor of reactive power compensator described in switching, carries out real-time reactive power compensation to described network system.
Wherein, described improved nine district figure divide according to magnitude of voltage and reactive power value, wherein:
Upper voltage limit value U
onwith lower voltage limit value U
undernetwork system is divided into three parts; Be greater than described upper voltage limit value U
onregion be 1st district; Be less than described lower voltage limit value U
underregion be 6th district;
Described upper voltage limit value U
onform ，Wei 2nd district, anti-oscillating region, described lower voltage limit value U with magnitude of voltage 1
underform ，Wei 5th district, anti-oscillating region with magnitude of voltage 2; Magnitude of voltage 1 is described upper voltage limit value U
on-6, magnitude of voltage 2 is described lower voltage limit value U
under+ 6;
Between described magnitude of voltage 1 and described magnitude of voltage 2, according to reactive power Q value, be divided into three parts, the region that is less than described reactive power Q value lower limit is 4th district, and the region that is greater than the described reactive power Q value upper limit is 3rd district, and its zone line is 0th district.
Wherein, in described improved nine district figure, the control method of zones of different comprises:
0th district: do not carry out reactive power compensation;
1st district: capacitor is excised one by one, until complete resection;
2nd district: if calculate the condenser capacity that the capacitance of required excision is greater than input, capacitor is excised;
3rd district: drop into capacitor;
4th district: excision capacitor;
5th district: be greater than if calculate the capacitance of required input the condenser capacity not dropping into, capacitor dropped into;
6th district: capacitor is dropped into one by one, until all drop into.
Wherein, described LPC2388 controller records capacitor switching number of times and switching time; In switching process, the according to value switching of different capabilities capacitor, with the little first throwing of the switching frequency of capacity capacitor, what switching frequency was large first cuts, equal switching frequency, switching large first throwing interval time, to guarantee that life-span and the utilance of electric capacity reaches maximum.
Wherein, according to the number of reactive power compensator described in network system capacity setting; If described reactive power compensator is greater than one group, carry out master and slave devices setting.
Wherein, the reactive power that needs compensation determines by the parameter of two settings, for power factor and the maximum reactive power allowing account for the ratio value of active power.
Wherein, the described reactive power compensator of at least two forms three-phase total compensation mode and the combination of three-phase separate-supplement mode, the main frame of described reactive power compensator is common benefit mode, from described reactive power compensator slave Real-time Obtaining voltage, the telemetering of current information that other minutes mend, for main frame, carry out logic judgement.
Wherein, during system works, main frame sends querying command to each slave in real time, and the information that slave returns to main frame comprises: the working method of each slave (three-phase total compensation or minute benefit), the capacity of capacitor, switching state, switching time; Main frame is also regularly ordered when each slave sends school, synchronous to guarantee the time maintenance of main frame and each slave, during school, to send the form of broadcasting command, realizes; When main frame is when logical program judgement needs slave to carry out the switching action of capacitor, can send switching order to this slave; If system is mixed compensation mode, and main frame is common benefit mode, the slave that main frame is operated in minute benefit mode to certain in real time sends the order of inquiry telemetry intelligence (TELINT).
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) adopt improved nine district figure control strategies, overcome the frequent switching problem easily occurring in traditional nine district figure controls.
(2) by panel and keypad, realize the setting of parameter, and utilize LCD to show, simple and clear human-computer dialogue, simple to operate.
(3) there is over-voltage protection function, use safety.
(4) can realize no-voltage conducting and the zero current break function of capacitor, have that operation is low in energy consumption, the advantage such as little of shoving.
(5) communication module in device, can realize many table apparatus group net operation easily.
(6) have that cost is low, applying flexible, and can realize capacitor fast, the accurate advantage of switching.
(7) there is the situation of pressure regulation repeatedly and capacitor switching in existing nine district's figure control strategies.For example, when system is during in 1st district, Over High-Limit Voltage, the idle more upper limit, needs first step-down, makes voltage normal, thereby enters 2nd district.But after dropping into capacitor, idle normal, voltage can raise simultaneously, likely enters 8th district, needs again step-down, thereby has caused the frequent adjusting of load tap changer and the switching repeatedly of capacitor.The present invention, for low-voltage customer side, does not arrange voltage regulating device, adopts the improvement nine district figure control strategies that anti-oscillating region is set on idle-voltage plane, can effectively avoid the frequent switching of capacitor.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the system construction drawing of low-voltage reactive compensator capable provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of improved nine district figure provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of main-machine communication process provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of slave communication process provided by the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
The present embodiment proposes a kind of low-voltage reactive compensator capable of intelligence, by control circuit and capacitor, formed, consider the detection index of electric power system and the difference of direct controlled quentity controlled variable, the present invention considers voltage, power factor and reactive power simultaneously, as the foundation of control capacitor switching.
The control circuit of a kind of low-voltage reactive compensator capable that the present embodiment provides, reactive power compensator comprises capacitor, in the device that working method is three-phase separate-supplement, capacitor is star connection; Working method is in the device of three-phase total compensation, and capacitor is Δ shape connection.Its control section as shown in Figure 1, comprises control module, power module, human-computer interaction module, acquisition module, data memory module, communication module, switching control circuit, operating passing zero module and protection alarm module; Described control module is connected with described power module, described human-computer interaction module, described acquisition module, described data memory module, described communication module, described switching control circuit and described protection alarm module respectively; Described switching control circuit is connected with capacitor with described operating passing zero module successively.Power module is control circuit power supply.The data that data memory module real-time storage gathers.Protection alarm module is protected and alarm indication (LED lamp indication) when three-phase imbalance, disconnected phase, overcurrent, excess temperature.Capacitor in overvoltage, to cross harmonic wave, ambient temperature out of service when too high.
When described reactive power compensator is three-phase total compensation mode, described sampling module is taked the line voltage U of A, C phase
aC, get the phase current I of B phase
b; Described capacitor comprises the capacitor of two groups of Δ shape connections.When described reactive power compensator is three-phase separate-supplement mode, described sample circuit is taked the phase voltage U of A, B, C three-phase
a, phase voltage U
bwith phase voltage U
c, get the phase current I of A, B, C three-phase
a, phase current I
bwith phase current I
c; Described capacitor comprises the capacitor of a star connection.The described reactive power compensator of at least two form three-phase total compensation mode and three-phase separate-supplement mode in conjunction with time, the three-phase mixing compensation system that forms in parallel between described reactive power compensator.
The human-computer interaction module of the present embodiment comprises keyboard and LCD display; Keyboard comprises four buttons, can realize the input that arranges of parameters.Non-, arrange under state, LCD can show the parameters such as the power factor, voltage, electric current, active power, reactive power of each phase in turn.
The described control module of the present embodiment comprises LPC2388 controller.
According to said apparatus, a kind of control method based on low-voltage reactive compensator capable that the present embodiment provides is, according to magnitude of voltage and reactive power value Jiang Jiu district figure, improve, described LPC2388 controller carries out Region control according to improved nine district figure, control command is passed to described switching control circuit and described operating passing zero module, the capacitor of reactive power compensator described in switching, carries out real-time reactive power compensation to described network system.
Wherein improved nine district figure divide according to magnitude of voltage and reactive power value, divide figure as shown in Figure 2, and concrete division is as follows: upper voltage limit value U
onwith lower voltage limit value U
undernetwork system is divided into three parts; Be greater than described upper voltage limit value U
onregion be 1st district; Be less than described lower voltage limit value U
underregion be 6th district.Described upper voltage limit value U
onform ，Wei 2nd district, anti-oscillating region, described lower voltage limit value U with magnitude of voltage 1
underform ，Wei 5th district, anti-oscillating region with magnitude of voltage 2; Magnitude of voltage 1 is described upper voltage limit value U
on-6, magnitude of voltage 2 is described lower voltage limit value U
under+ 6.Between described magnitude of voltage 1 and described magnitude of voltage 2, according to reactive power Q value, be divided into three parts, the region that is less than described reactive power Q value lower limit is 4th district, and the region that is greater than the described reactive power Q value upper limit is 3rd district, and its zone line is 0th district.
Corresponding, in improved nine district figure, the control method of zones of different comprises:
0th district: do not carry out reactive power compensation;
1st district: capacitor is excised one by one, until complete resection;
2nd district: if calculate the condenser capacity that the capacitance of required excision is greater than input, capacitor is excised;
3rd district: drop into capacitor;
4th district: excision capacitor;
5th district: be greater than if calculate the capacitance of required input the condenser capacity not dropping into, capacitor dropped into;
6th district: capacitor is dropped into one by one, until all drop into.
Wherein, reactive power is determined by the parameter of two settings: by user, according to actual loading situation, Offered target power factor and the maximum reactive power allowing account for the ratio value of active power.Take electric power system performance assessment criteria---power factor is primary parameter, calculate the reactive capability that will reach the required input of target power factor or excision, and carry out the switching of capacitor.When power factor satisfies condition, calculate again reactive power and whether satisfy condition, if do not satisfied condition, the reactive capability that drops into or excise as required, proceed the switching of capacitor, overcome that power factor satisfies condition but reactive power very large drawback still.Because both take reactive power as controlled quentity controlled variable, also avoided the generation of " switching concussion " situation.
The LPC2388 controller of the present embodiment records capacitor switching number of times and switching time; In switching process, the according to value switching of different capabilities capacitor, with the little first throwing of the switching frequency of capacity capacitor, what switching frequency was large first cuts, equal switching frequency, switching large first throwing interval time, to guarantee that life-span and the utilance of electric capacity reaches maximum.
Transmission of information and order when the communication module in device is used for many table apparatus on-line working, user can setting device be main frame or slave on panel.According to different power system capacities, select the quantity of the reactive power compensator of access, it is 32 that system allows the largest device number of access.When system works, slave no longer carries out logic judgement, but the switching of capacitor is carried out in the switching order that Receiving Host sends.
If system is mixed compensation mode, and main frame is common benefit mode, the telemetry intelligence (TELINT)s such as the slave Real-time Obtaining voltage that now need to mend from other minutes, electric current, carry out logic judgement for main frame.
During system works, main frame sends querying command to each slave in real time, and the information that slave returns to main frame comprises: the working method of each slave (three-phase total compensation or minute benefit), the capacity of capacitor, switching state, switching time; Main frame is also regularly ordered when each slave sends school, synchronous to guarantee the time maintenance of main frame and each slave, during school, to send the form of broadcasting command, realizes; When main frame is when logical program judgement needs slave to carry out the switching action of capacitor, can send switching order to this slave; If system is mixed compensation mode, and main frame is common benefit mode, the slave that main frame is operated in minute benefit mode to certain in real time sends the order of inquiry telemetry intelligence (TELINT).The flow chart of main frame, slave communication process respectively as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4.
As shown in Figure 3, main-machine communication process comprises the steps:
(1) system initialization;
(2) LPC2388 controller judges that main frame is whether idle, if the free time is carried out step (3), otherwise controller sends data, and host receiving data is also processed;
(3) when main frame judges whether to send school, order, while if desired sending school as slave, order, otherwise carry out step (4);
(4) main frame judges whether to send switching order, if desired as slave, sends switching order, otherwise carries out step (5);
(5) main frame judges whether to inquire about telemetry intelligence (TELINT), if desired slave is sent to the order of inquiry telemetry intelligence (TELINT), otherwise carries out step (6);
(6) main frame judges whether to need inquiry from machine information, if desired slave is sent to inquiry slave message command, if do not need, does not finish.Slave information comprises the working method (minute benefit or altogether benefit) of slave, the capacity of slave capacitor, switching state, switching time, switching frequency.
As shown in Figure 4, slave communication process comprises: the first initialization of system, start thereafter accept host data and process, and wherein, the order sending during according to main-machine communication (as step (3)-(6)), sends corresponding information result to main frame.
The switch of switched capacitor is selected the combination switch with no-voltage conducting and zero current break function, the surge current when dropping into and excising to reduce capacitor.In addition, system has at alarm and the automatic defencive function out of service crossed in the situations such as harmonic wave, overcurrent, overvoltage, excess temperature.
The communication module of the present embodiment adopts RS485 communication mode, and it selects access device quantity according to load, selects one of them for main frame, and residue device is slave, makes by the mode of master-slave communication, to work between each device.
The present invention is in reactive power compensation experiment, and experimental data is (in experiment, target power factor is made as 0.95, and the ratio that the maximum reactive power allowing accounts for active power is 20%) as shown in table 1, table 2.
Table 1 three-phase separate-supplement mode experimental result
Table 2 three-phase total compensation mode experimental result
Experimental result shows, the present invention can realize the accurate switching of capacitor, reaches the object that improves power factor.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to above-described embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can modify or be equal to replacement the specific embodiment of the present invention, and do not depart from any modification of spirit and scope of the invention or be equal to replacement, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. the control method based on low-voltage reactive compensator capable, described reactive power compensator comprises capacitor; The control circuit of described reactive power compensator comprises control module, power module, human-computer interaction module, acquisition module, data memory module, communication module, switching control circuit, operating passing zero module and protection alarm module; Described control module is connected with described power module, described human-computer interaction module, described acquisition module, described data memory module, described communication module, described switching control circuit and described protection alarm module respectively; Described switching control circuit is connected with described capacitor with described operating passing zero module successively;
It is characterized in that, according to magnitude of voltage and reactive power value Jiang Jiu district figure, improve, LPC2388 controller carries out Region control according to improved nine district figure, control command is passed to switching control circuit and operating passing zero module, the capacitor of reactive power compensator described in switching, carries out real-time reactive power compensation to network system; Described improved nine district figure divide according to magnitude of voltage and reactive power value, wherein:
Upper voltage limit value U
onwith lower voltage limit value U
undernetwork system is divided into three parts; Be greater than described upper voltage limit value U
onregion be 1st district; Be less than described lower voltage limit value U
underregion be 6th district;
Described upper voltage limit value U
onform ，Wei 2nd district, anti-oscillating region, described lower voltage limit value U with magnitude of voltage 1
underform ，Wei 5th district, anti-oscillating region with magnitude of voltage 2; Magnitude of voltage 1 is described upper voltage limit value U
on-6, magnitude of voltage 2 is described lower voltage limit value U
under+ 6;
Between described magnitude of voltage 1 and described magnitude of voltage 2, according to reactive power Q value, be divided into three parts, the region that is less than described reactive power Q value lower limit is 4th district, and the region that is greater than the described reactive power Q value upper limit is 3rd district, and its zone line is 0th district.
2. control method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described reactive power compensator is three-phase total compensation mode, and described acquisition module is taked the line voltage U of A, C phase
aC, get the phase current I of B phase
b; Described capacitor comprises the capacitor of two groups of Δ shape connections.
3. control method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described reactive power compensator is three-phase separate-supplement mode, and described acquisition module is taked the phase voltage U of A, B, C three-phase
a, phase voltage U
bwith phase voltage U
c, get the phase current I of A, B, C three-phase
a, phase current I
bwith phase current I
c; Described capacitor comprises the capacitor of a star connection.
4. control method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the described reactive power compensator of at least two form three-phase total compensation mode and three-phase separate-supplement mode in conjunction with time, the three-phase mixing compensation system that forms in parallel between described reactive power compensator.
5. control method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the switch of switched capacitor is selected the combination switch with no-voltage conducting and zero current break function, the surge current when dropping into and excising to reduce capacitor.
6. control method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described human-computer interaction module comprises keyboard and LCD display; Described keyboard is for arranging the parameter of reactive power compensator, and described LCD display is for showing power factor, voltage, electric current, active power and the reactive power parameter of three-phase.
7. control method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described communication module adopts RS485 communication mode, and it selects the described reactive power compensator quantity of access and type according to load, and selected one of them be main frame, work by the mode of master-slave communication with remaining device.
8. control method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described improved nine district figure, the control method of zones of different comprises:
0th district: do not carry out reactive power compensation;
1st district: capacitor is excised one by one, until complete resection;
2nd district: if calculate the condenser capacity that the capacitance of required excision is greater than input, capacitor is excised;
3rd district: drop into capacitor;
4th district: excision capacitor;
5th district: be greater than if calculate the capacitance of required input the condenser capacity not dropping into, capacitor dropped into;
6th district: capacitor is dropped into one by one, until all drop into.
9. control method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described LPC2388 controller records capacitor switching number of times and switching time; In switching process, the according to value switching of different capabilities capacitor, with the little first throwing of the switching frequency of capacity capacitor, what switching frequency was large first cuts, equal switching frequency, switching large first throwing interval time, to guarantee that life-span and the utilance of electric capacity reaches maximum.
10. control method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, according to the number of reactive power compensator described in network system capacity setting; If described reactive power compensator is greater than one group, carry out master and slave devices setting.
11. control methods as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the reactive power that needs compensation determines by the parameter of two settings, for power factor and the maximum reactive power allowing account for the ratio value of active power.
12. control methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described reactive power compensator of at least two forms three-phase total compensation mode and the combination of three-phase separate-supplement mode, the main frame of described reactive power compensator is common benefit mode, from described reactive power compensator slave Real-time Obtaining voltage, the telemetering of current information that other minutes mend, for main frame, carry out logic judgement.
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| CN103928934A (en) * | 2013-01-10 | 2014-07-16 | 上海致维电气有限公司 | Controller |
| CN103501014A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-01-08 | 安徽天沃电气技术有限公司 | Intelligent reactive compensation controller device with master and slave functions |
| CN104201696A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2014-12-10 | 国家电网公司 | Integrated intelligent control method for multifunctional network type transformer area |
| CN105406478A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-03-16 | 盛隆电气集团有限公司 | Anti-harmonic co-compensation reactive compensation module, equipment and method |
| CN105743068B (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2018-06-15 | 国船电气（武汉）有限公司 | A kind of reacance generator protects system |
| CN105914757A (en) * | 2016-04-30 | 2016-08-31 | 孙文兵 | New type low voltage smart reactive power compensator |
| CN107591818B (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2020-06-26 | 烟台海珐电气科技有限公司 | Reactive compensation method for solving problems of low-load no-power over-compensation and under-compensation |
| CN111244970A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-06-05 | 广东华利源电气设备有限公司 | Reactive compensation control device and control method thereof |
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