CN102707669B - Method for constructing CAM (computer-aided manufacturing) system for punching for automobile girders - Google Patents
Method for constructing CAM (computer-aided manufacturing) system for punching for automobile girders Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for constructing a CAM (computer-aided manufacturing) system for punching for automobile girders is characterized by including selecting the types of used numerical-control punching production lines for the automobile girders; creating projects corresponding to the types of the numerical-control punching production lines for the automobile girders, building mathematical models of algorithms, and building generic modules; determining the types of the projects as Activex DII and compiling the types of the projects into types of dynamic linking libraries; writing and compiling interface programs connected with the dynamic linking libraries by VBA (visual basic for application); writing scripts for the various types of numerical-control punching production lines, and creating a CAM icon menu file and icons corresponding to various items; packaging various documents such as the CAM icon menu file, the interface programs written by the VBA, each class-generation DLL (dynamic linking library) compiled by VB (visual basic), development interfaces provided in the form of VB types, windows, the modules, the projects, an encryption method and instructions in a SETUP to form installation programs of the various types of numerical-control punching production lines for the automobile girders; and adding a CAM menu into a menu self-defining term in a CAD (computer-aided design).
Description
The application is November 27 2009 applying date, application number 200910230972.9, and name is called the divisional application of " for CAM system and control method and the construction method of automobile longeron punching processing " application for a patent for invention.
Technical field
The present invention relates to numerical control punching production line control system and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) technical field, relate in particular to automobile longitudinal girder CAM system and control method and the system constituting method of car conversion and trial-production vehicle.
Background technology
Mainly contain in the world at present the PROCAM software of TEKSOFT company of the U.S. for the CAD/CAM integrated software that possesses numerical control programming function of pressing equipment, the NEWCAM of Taiwan generation new science and technology, the CAM automatic programming softwares such as the AP100 of Tian Tian company of Japan, digital control processing functional module that these softwares are all integrated.But for special automobile side rail numerical control punching production line, since the digital control processing functional module system that does not have CAD/CAM integrated software to support, the requirement that does not also reach this special punching technology.Foreign Automobile longeron numerical control punching production line can be as main representative taking Belgian rope, and its programmed method is manually the coordinate figure of graphic data base and diameter input and the selection of breadth aerofoil.China is after calendar year 2001, First Domestic automobile side rail numerical control punching production line created, automatic programming system is adopted in two ways, the first as shown in figure 15, in CAD, draw and form graphic data base, add mould with general CAM software, generate an interlude, carry out special processing and then produce again the mode of special automobile side rail numerical control punching production line program by special program, change the special program of rear use by third-party CAM software and process and generate specific job sequence; The graphical information of the second reading DXF form processes to replace above-mentioned third-party CAM software, the same the first of other steps.
Various programmable control methods exist efficiency low above, and error rate is high, and step is many, loaded down with trivial details, once figure change all must do again from the beginning wait deficiency.There are following three class shortcomings: (1) programming personnel need to learn and grasp numerical control language, (2) part to be processed information need to be converted to word or numerical information, not only not directly perceived, and error rate is high in transfer process, (3) numerical control Programming with Pascal Language still adopts batch processing form at present, use the part source program of numerical control language compilation, after input computing machine, only carry out single treatment, and cannot carry out manual intervention in processing procedure, thereby cannot modify to the operation result of instruction code, automobile longitudinal girder for car conversion and trial-production vehicle needs often amendment.
Due to the limitation of above-mentioned control software, cause the control of punching CAM system to fall behind, technical feature, versatility and efficiency are poor.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of new integratedly with CAD/CAM system height, can realize high-level efficiency and high-quality punching CAM system, and the control method of this system.Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of constructive method of punching CAM system of simplification.
Automobile side rail numerical control punching production line automated programming is based upon on the basis that automobile longitudinal girder processing technology, computer-aided design (CAD) and manufacture are CAD/CAM technology, ActiveX Automation technology and OLE Automation technology.ActiveX Automation be called as the 4th generation developing instrument.Compare with other three generations's developing instruments, ActiveX Automation provides maximum dirigibility and development efficiency.The present invention is based on Visual Basic and ActiveX Automation technology, develops punching CAM system and the control method of automobile side rail numerical control punching production line automated programming.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: CAD and CAM are realized to integrated (as shown in figure 16), obtain the punching data of automobile longitudinal girder from CAD figure, automatically add CAM model, generate NC program, be sent to digital control system, carry out processing.
For a CAM system for automobile longeron punching processing, it is characterized in that comprising:
1, read the device of cad file.
2, CAD/CAM system is set up to the device of link and Menu and interface.
3, the data in cad file are converted into the device of CAM system mold former and dimensional data.
4, mould adaptation and optimization and dry run device.
5, data are generated to the device of NC data program.
6, NC data program is transferred to the device of punching numerical control device.
7, numerical control punching equipment.
Also comprise: feeding device; Plate clamping device; Feeder; Zero-crossing detecting device; Detection after the front detection of breadth, breadth, aerofoil pick-up unit; Main frame decompressor; Blanking device.
A control method for the CAM system of processing for automobile longeron punching, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1, read the step of cad file.
2, CAD/CAM system is set up to the step of link and Menu and interface.
3, the data in cad file are converted into the step of CAM system mold former and dimensional data.
4, mould adaptation and optimization and dry run step.
5, data are generated to the step of NC data program.
6, NC data program is transferred to the step of punching numerical control device.
7, numerical control punching equipment is processed the step of operation.
In sum, the construction method of system of the present invention comprises the following steps:
1, according to the automobile side rail numerical control punching production line type of user's request choice for use.(flat board, aerofoil, breadth, San Mianchong)
2, create the corresponding engineering of automobile side rail numerical control punching production line type (flat board, aerofoil, breadth, San Mianchong) with visual Basic, this project comprises quoting CAD, the foundation of various forms and programming, the program design of self-defining function and subroutine in module, set up the mathematical model of various algorithms, set up generic module so that VBA routine call.
3, the type of engineering is defined as to Activex Dll, and is compiled into the corresponding dynamic link library type of various automobile side rail numerical control punching production line types.
4, write with VBA the interface routine being connected with the various types of dynamic link libraries that compile.
5, write the corresponding script (Scripts) of various numerical control punching production line types and set up CAM Menu file and every corresponding icon.
6, set up every icon and write linking of interface routine with VBA.
7, described CAM Menu file, VBA are write to interface routine, VB development interface, forms, module, the engineering that class generates DLL, provides with the form of VB class is provided, the various documents such as encryption method, operation instruction are all encapsulated in SETUP, form the installation procedure of various automobile side rail numerical control punching production lines.
8, according to the automobile side rail numerical control punching production line type of user's request choice for use.(flat board, aerofoil, breadth, San Mianchong), selects corresponding installation procedure (being setup.exe).
9,, after installation, in CAD, the catalogue of installing is increased in supporting document searching route.
10, in CAD, CAM menu is increased in menu self-defining term.
When this system works,
1, read in the stretch-out view of automobile longitudinal girder, delete duplicate message, screen the data relevant with punching, according to punching mode, basic point is moved to 0,0 point.
2, preserve CAD field data, comprise (trap setting, linear, current layer, system variable)
3, newly-built CAM layer.
4, read in die storehouse information, comprise station, type, size X, size Y, setting angle, mould biasing, forms CAM model various moulds.
5, read in sheet material configuration information, comprise sheet material length, breadth width, aerofoil height, thickness, length of stroke, stroke width, the title of NC program.
6, read in tolerance information (plus tolerance, minus tolerance).
7, select to determine to be to carry out automatic adaptation mould according to user, still manually join mould.
If user selects automatic adaptation mould, system enters automatic adaptation functional die, first determine the range of work of the affiliated mould of each main frame, more than two condition of main frame punching, on, under, the size in middle dead band, according to the size of the shape in hole and diameter, add that with the CAM model of mould tolerance compares, meet the demands and this hole is added in CAM model, do not meet and get next mould, all moulds undesirable moulds that do not add all after taking, by that analogy, stretch-out view to whole automobile longitudinal girder is processed, set up CAM model and deposited in CAD shape library.
If some hole does not have suitable mould, select manually to join mould, and CAM model and deposit in CAD shape library.
If 8 users select breadth or three punchings, the CAM model of rear detection is added to attribute.
9, optimize, by multiple optimization methods such as mould optimization, path optimization, filtering type optimization, subsection optimization, Combinatorial Optimizations, reach minimizing number of changing knife, shorten idle running length, and then save process time, the object of increasing work efficiency.
10, the simulation of punching track, the emulation of NC code, point single step simulation, multistep simulation and automatic imitation, exit the multiple choices modes such as simulation.
11, the generation of NC program, according to the production line type of the type of digital control system used and automobile longitudinal girder and punching processing, generates special NC code (comprising G code and M code and self-defining parametric subroutine, clamp interchange code etc.)
Recover CAD field data
12, the transmission of data program, is sent in the digital control system of numerical control punching production line by various transmission modes (CF card, networking, rs232 serial ports etc.).Then
----the sheet material of needs processing is put on stock shelf;
----working procedure is processed in the digital control system of automobile side rail numerical control punching production line;
The product that the rear handle of----machine processes is put in blanking rack.
Effect of the present invention: the one, utilize the technological process of ActiveX Automation technological development automobile side rail numerical control punching production line CAM system, realize CAD and CAM is integrated; The 2nd, can be cross-platform, the development technique of cross-version, graphic designs can be used Pro/Engineer, UGII, I-DEAS, Euclid-IS, CATIA, the Special CAD softwares such as Solid Works directly design drafting, put into the integral system of CAD and CAM by DXF, I-GES, DWG form, also can directly draw with AutoCAD.Can cross-version for this CAD software of AUTOCAD, can be arranged in AutoCAD2000,2002,2004,2005,2006,2007, the various versions such as 2010; The 3rd, automatic adaptation mould algorithm, on the integrated basis of CAD/CAM, by automatic adaptation mould, the mould of reasonable distribution punching, avoids same mould is produced overheated and reduces serviceable life for continuous punching; The punching main frame of reasonable distribution breadth, for adopt two main frames to rush and prepare simultaneously; Thereby the processing technology that has formed the automobile side rail numerical control punching production line of a whole set of innovation is formulated flow process; The 4th, optimized algorithm, mould optimization and path optimization combine, and two-shipper punching simultaneously and clamp exchange closely cooperate, and the final purpose of optimization is accelerated the productive temp of longeron punching.For clamp exchange, adopt binary channels, clamping plate clamp clamping longeron carries out forward punch work, and other non-clamping plate clamps return back to fast next position location simultaneously and wait for, make the redundancy time of clamp exchange reach minimum.For breadth punching pair host computer systems, the most pair main frames that may adopt greatly rush simultaneously, improve punching speed, save time, cost-saving, meet requirement quick, real-time, that complete automobile longitudinal girder production.
The present invention has adopted ActiveX Automation technology, has strengthened the integration of CAD/CAM system, adaptability and maintainability to various different editions; Make from figure to operation, control, use easy that generates NC program, code formation speed is fast.The 2nd, adopt the algorithm of automatic adaptation mould that mould is distributed rationally, can reduce mould heating, increase the service life; There is dead band recognition function, reach and give warning in advance, avoid the dead band in eyelet work product line to report to the police.The 3rd, adopt unique mould optimization method effectively to reduce idle motion, to have improved ratio, punching speed that two main frames rush simultaneously fast, improved production efficiency.The 4th, there is NC trace simulation function on computers, intuitive is strong.The 5th, there is deletion repeat function, mold damage is caused with preventing from heavily rushing in the wrong hole occurring in drawing with Quick.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example, the present invention will be further described.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is system hardware and software configuration block scheme of the present invention.Fig. 2 is CAD/CAM integrated system block diagram of the present invention.Fig. 3 automobile side rail numerical control punching production line automatic programming system functional block diagram is the DLL engineering in Fig. 2.Fig. 4 automated cutter setting-up flow chart.Fig. 5 path optimization and mould optimization block diagram.Fig. 6 CAM Menu.Fig. 7 die storehouse popup menu.Fig. 8 mould edit menu.Fig. 9 sheet material arranges menu.Figure 10 automatic press parameter menu.Figure 11 single-point rushes menu.Figure 12 automatic adaptation mould choice menus.Figure 13 optimizes menu.Figure 14 NC program generates menu.The current existing programming technique block diagram of Figure 15.The programming technique block diagram that Figure 16 the present invention realizes.Figure 17 be taking three of U-shaped beam punching four main frames as example illustrates data flow of the present invention and workflow diagram.
Embodiment
For a CAM system for automobile longeron punching processing, it is characterized in that comprising:
1, read the device of cad file.
Comprise computer hardware and operating system, CAD system and delete replicated blocks, obtain cad data module, screening mask data module and data memory module.
2, CAD/CAM system is set up to the device of link and Menu and interface.
Comprise ActiveX Automation technology, visual Basic master routine, VBA chain program, script (Scripts) and Menu database and SETUP installation procedure.
3, the data in cad file are converted into the device of CAM system mold former and dimensional data.
Comprise that mold database, sheet material arrange module, tolerance arranges module, data memory module and CAM generation module.
4, mould adaptation and optimization and dry run device.
Comprise dead band judge module, detecting unit, alarm unit, automatic adaptation mould mathematics model and algorithm module, the mathematics model and algorithm module of optimization, the mathematics model and algorithm module of dry run.
5, data are generated to the device of NC data program.
Comprise punching press hole count statistics and the correction verification module of various numerical control system G codes storehouse or the fixing fabrication cycles code database of digital control system definition, the computing method module of big or small main frame punching simultaneously, the algoritic module that clamp exchanges or dodge in clamp dead band, the M code library of digital control system, each machined surface, the ratio statistical module of two main frames punchings simultaneously.
6, NC data program is transferred to the device of punching numerical control device.
Comprise CF card, USB flash disk, rs232 serial ports, USB turns serial port connector and network.
Also there is parameter setting, channel selecting, baud rate is selected, parity checking setting, data bit setting, position of rest setting, data flow con-trol such as arranges at the port.
7, numerical control punching equipment.Can be the one of following equipment: plate stamping seven station single hosts or 25 station open type single hosts; Plate stamping nine station single hosts or 25 station closed type single hosts; The two main frames of plate stamping 14 stations; The two main frames of plate stamping 18 stations; Three punching four main frames of u shape; Three punching three main frames of u shape; The two main frames of u shape aerofoil punching; The two main frames of u shape outside of belly punching.
Also comprise: feeding device; Plate clamping device; Feeder; Zero-crossing detecting device; Detection after the front detection of breadth, breadth, aerofoil pick-up unit; Main frame decompressor; Blanking device.
Module of the present invention can be understood as the storage medium or the device that contain software program.
A control method for the CAM system of processing for automobile longeron punching, is characterized in that comprising the following steps: the step that 1, reads cad file.Read in the stretch-out view of automobile longitudinal girder, delete duplicate message, screen the data relevant with punching and deposit data storage device in, according to punching technology, basic point is moved to 0,0 point, preserve CAD field data, comprise (trap setting, linear, current layer, system variable).
2, CAD/CAM system is set up to the step of link and Menu and interface.
Create automobile side rail numerical control punching engineering data base, add the content in engineering, comprise to the quoting of CAD the foundation of various forms and programming, the program design of self-defining function and subroutine in module, set up the mathematical model of various algorithms, set up generic module so that VBA routine call creates dynamic link library, create Menu, create the interface of CAD/CAM system, dynamic link library and Menu, write the corresponding script of various numerical control punching production line types, encapsulate into installation procedure.
3, the data in cad file are converted into the step of CAM system mold former and dimensional data.
Newly-built CAM layer, reads in die storehouse information, comprises station, type, size X, size Y, setting angle, mould biasing, various moulds are formed to CAM model, read in sheet material configuration information, comprise sheet material length, breadth width, aerofoil height, thickness, length of stroke, stroke width, the file name of NC program, forms sheet material and stroke figure, read in tolerance information (plus tolerance, minus tolerance), form CAM model.
4, mould adaptation and optimization and dry run step.
If user selects automatic adaptation mould, system enters automatic adaptation functional die, first determine the range of work of the affiliated mould of each main frame, more than two condition of main frame punching, on, under, the size in middle dead band, according to the size of the shape in hole and diameter, add that with the CAM model of mould tolerance compares, meet the demands and this hole is added in CAM model, do not meet and get next mould, all moulds undesirable moulds that do not add all after taking, by that analogy, stretch-out view to whole automobile longitudinal girder is processed, set up CAM model and deposited in CAD shape library.
If some hole does not have suitable mould, select manually to join mould, and CAM model and deposit in CAD shape library.
If user selects breadth or three punchings, the CAM model of rear detection is added to attribute
By multiple optimization methods such as mould optimization, path optimization, filtering type optimization, subsection optimization, Combinatorial Optimizations, reach minimizing number of changing knife, shorten idle running length, and then save process time, the object of increasing work efficiency.
The simulation of punching track, the emulation of NC code, point single step simulation, multistep simulation and automatic imitation, exit the multiple choices modes such as simulation
5, data are generated to the step of NC data program.
According to the production line type of the type of digital control system used and automobile longitudinal girder and punching processing, generate special NC code (comprising the fixing fabrication cycles code of G code and M code and digital control system definition, clamp interchange code etc.).
Recover CAD field data.
6, NC data program is transferred to the step of punching numerical control device.
Be sent in the digital control system of numerical control punching production line by various transmission modes (CF card, networking, USB flash disk, RS232 serial ports etc.): comprise program that preset sequence number, digital control system receive data, computer terminal operation transmission program, select to send, send data, checking routine, digital control system end send end signal, program is transmitted.
7, numerical control punching equipment is processed the step of operation.
Operation job sequence
Start material loading: automobile longitudinal girder is placed on to material loading platform, uses charging extraction element to inhale successively and carry car pool longeron, handling is supported on running roller to feed end;
Clamp clamps automobile longitudinal girder;
Detect zero point;
Be fed to first punching processing position;
Carrying out punching processing or clamp exchange or clamp dodges;
Rush rear blanking;
Be put in blanking rack;
Clamp resets and gets back to reference point.
Repeated priming material loading circulates until a required processing number of packages of order of classes or grades at school is processed.
Embodiment is divided into four parts, Part I illustrates system architecture schematic diagram of the present invention and data flowchart, Part II illustrates major function interface and the Menu of modules, Part III illustrates the algorithm of automatic adaptation mould of the present invention and optimization, Part IV taking three of U-shaped beam punching four main frames as example illustrates data flow of the present invention.
Part I
Fig. 1 shows the software and hardware configuration of automobile side rail numerical control punching production line automatic programming method of the present invention and system.The left side is the needed software and hardware back-up environment of CAD/CAM integrated system, and it is made up of computer hardware (central processing unit, storer, controller, input-output device, display etc. form) and support programs operating system.The right is automobile side rail numerical control punching production line equipment, and it is made up of feeding device, main frame 1-4, digital control system, blanking device.Principle of work is, user enters after CAD system, open an automobile longitudinal girder stretch-out view, suitable angle is moved to 0,0 point (Coordinate system definition of the digital control system of this angle and numerical control production line matches, relevant with material loading direction, finger setting, location, limit, interfix), by deleting repeat element, preserve CAD field data, comprising (trap setting, linear, current layer, system variable), and newly-built CAM layer, current layer be set to CAM layer; By set up mould CAM model, sheet material parameter is set, tolerance parameter is set, the information that reads screening graphical information, comprehensive input carries out automatic adaptation mould according to automated cutter setting-up algorithm, special carrying out manually joins mould (as without proper mold, pretend and rush point etc.), generates CAM model, deposits in graphic data base; Detected to CAM model and added attribute by front and back, property value also deposits in graphic data base, and so far CAM model is set up; By mould and path optimization, the sequence of the precedence of a punching press that liquidates, taking total punching press shortest path with reduce die change number of times as target as far as possible; By carrying out the demonstration of punching press trace simulation, generate NC program according to digital control system type selecting, clamp exchange algorithm, more than two main frame punching simultaneously algorithm; By recovering CAD field data, current layer is set to layer that CAD starts to open figure, use transmission medium (card, netting twine, serial port communication line etc.) NC program to be transferred in the digital control system of automobile side rail numerical control punching production line on Fig. 1 the right goes, the sheet material of needs processing is put on stock shelf, working procedure in the digital control system of automobile side rail numerical control punching production line, main frame carries out punching processing, produce automobile longitudinal girder product, machine the product that rear handle processes and be put in blanking rack.System automatic cycle material loading, punching, blanking action, so just processing automobile longeron in batch, until the sheet material of processing on stock shelf is for empty.
Fig. 2 shows the implementation method of CAD/CAM integrated system in Fig. 1.Based on Visual Basic and ActiveX Automation technology, exploitation automobile longeron punching production line CAM system, its concrete grammar is as follows: increase menu item to realize CAM icon, write interface with VBA, icon is connected with ActiveX control, write class with VB and generate DLL, it is the development interface providing with the form of VB class, can be used for how much of Definition Model, forms, topology and realize other functions. in application, can be directly by public (Public) data member and protection (Protected) data member and the member function (Member Function) and ACIS interaction of class. developer also can be according to the special application class that need to derive from ACIS class oneself, class interface may change in each version. finally menu, VBA engineering, DLL, various documents are all encapsulated in SETUP, can be arranged on AutoCAD2000, AutoCAD2002, AutoCAD2004, AutoCAD2005, in AutoCAD2006 AUTOCAD2007.First create a CAM system Menu, compile script (Scripts) jmcar.mns, AUTOCAD use instrument → custom menu → JMCAR.MNS load, CAM menu is loaded in AutoCAD system, equally clicks CAM icon so that user's picture point is hit the icon of AutoCAD.Second step is write jmvb1.dvb engineering with VBA, for calling the member of DLL engineering class, in the 3rd step, use Visual Basic6.0 to create engineering, comprise various forms, module, class, process, function and various functional module and be compiled into DLL engineering, call in order to VBA, the workload maximum of this part accounts for the more than 90% of whole exploitation total amount.Last integrated packing encapsulation forms SETUP document is installed.As shown in Figure 2.The present invention has realized a kind of automatic programming method that CAD and CAM combine together.
Fig. 3 shows in Fig. 2 various forms in DLL engineering, module, class, process, graph of a relation between function and various functional module, as can be seen from Fig., the present invention has i.e. (the die storehouse management of ten functional modules, sheet material arranges, single-point punching, automatic adaptation mould, optimize, tolerance parameter arranges, add attribute, generate NC program, analog demenstration, delete and repeat), relation between modules as shown in the figure, first obtain an automobile longitudinal girder and open figure, figure is put into 0, 0 point, carry out sheet material setting, set up grinding tool storehouse, parameter arranges, automatically join mould, single-point punching while needs, optimize, analog demenstration or generation NC program, program is sent in the digital control system of various production lines and carries out production and processing.
The major function of modules in Part II automatic programming method
In automatic programming method, the prompting of modules in Fig. 6 illustrates, representing interface and the Menu of 10 functional modules of the present invention, each icon represents respectively the operations such as die storehouse, sheet material setting, single-point punching, automated cutter setting-up, optimization, parameter setting, interpolation attribute, generation NC program, analog demenstration (beginning, the next one rush point, continuous 5 steps, automatic demonstrating, exit simulation), deletion repeat.
Die storehouse management: set up, revise, delete mould.It is made up of to fields such as offset or dishes to size, Y-direction size, the anglec of rotation, radius of corner, x station, mould-type, x.For setting up the CAM shape of mould.See Fig. 7 die storehouse popup menu, set up amendment and delete mould, to AUTOCAD initialization, Fig. 8 mould edit menu changes deletes editor's mould mould-type.
Sheet material arranges: see that Fig. 9 sheet material arranges menu setting program number, sheet material length, sheet material width, sheet metal thickness, the strength of materials, directions X stroke, Y-direction stroke, the X coordinate figure of clamp 1 central point, the X coordinate figure of clamp 2 central points, dead band directions X value, dead band Y-direction value, clamp number etc.This module is drawn stroke figure, sheet material figure, the figure in clamp and dead band thereof, Fixing the origin of coordinate according to input parameter.
Single-point punching: Figure 11 single-point rushes menu, and the function of this module manually adds mould, uses the mould of choosing to carry out punching in definite position, finishes single-point punching operation with carriage return or right mouse button, before this operation, must set up die storehouse.When the dead zone range that enters this mould is reported to the police
Automatic adaptation mould: Figure 12 automatic adaptation mould choice menus, alternative: with frame choosing or single choice selection, can repeatedly select, right mouse button is finished, to drawing, various circles and the tolerance parameters of drawing carries out automated cutter setting-up, before this operation, must set up die storehouse, automatic press parameter is set
Optimize: Figure 13 optimizes menu, path mould optimization, when every suboptimization, system is deleted repeated work automatically.When adding single-point punching, automatically add mould, delete that repeat etc. must optimization after operation after adding mould.Carrying out analog demenstration, before generator program, must optimize
Automatic press parameter: Figure 10 automatic press parameter menu, plus tolerance minus tolerance, adds before mould automatically, should this be correctly set according to drawing size and the adaptive situation of mould of drawing.The major function of this module is
NC program generate: Figure 14 generates NC programs menu, provides program name, put into default directory d: cnc, the filename of input target program, default directory d: cnc, can carry out mould inspection, list the ratio of the simultaneously punching of punching number meter of aerofoil breadth.
Analog demenstration: have 5 represent respectively simulation start, next, lower five, to whole, exit analog demenstration, when generator program, must exit analog demenstration state.
Delete and repeat: due to figure and adaptive all likely existence repetitions of mould, so must set up die storehouse, deletion principle: 1) the starting point <=0.01mm of straight line a two straight lines and two terminals also the differential seat angle of <=0.01mm b two straight lines be 180 degree, the starting and terminal point <0.01mm of two straight lines and also <=0.01mm of its terminal starting point.2) justify the round distance of center circle of a two from being less than one (0.01mm), can delete wherein any one circle, the precision b that does not affect punch press should be that green (Green) shows being greater than 1 circle that repeats that is less than 8mm, and user oneself selects to delete one of them.The distance of center circle of C two circles is from >8mm, do not think repetition. 3) distance of center circle of arc two arcs is from being less than one (0.01mm), the radius of arc equates, starting angle and termination point all equates, think to repeat to delete one of them. 4) mould insertion point is identical, when number identical or die size of mould equates, deletes one of them.
Add attribute: the function of this module is: the front detection for U-shaped sheet material is changed coordinate system, becomes the upper left corner from the lower left corner of the outside of belly, Y-direction is by upwards downward for just for just changing into.According to the drawing requirement of automobile factory, after point, detect and front detection, default to rear detection, front detection can be added this hole of a WB attribute representation to adaptive mould with interpolation property button and use
Front detection: y value=plate is wide-the coordinate y value of the central point in hole
The coordinate of the central point in X value=hole
Rear detection: the coordinate y value of the central point in y value=hole
The coordinate of the central point in X value=hole
The icon that adds property button, along with the difference of automobile side rail numerical control punching production line changes, it is the unique identification of distinguishing which kind of eyelet work product line, is eight kinds of typical automobile side rail numerical control punching production lines below.
A plate stamping seven station single hosts or 25 station open type single hosts
B plate stamping nine station single hosts or 25 station closed type single hosts
The two main frames of 〓 plate stamping 14 stations
The two main frames of ∥ plate stamping 18 stations
Three heavy four main frames of U u shape
Three heavy three main frames of ∩ U-shaped
The two main frames of ∈ u shape aerofoil punching
the two main frames of u shape outside of belly punching
The algorithm of Part III automatic adaptation mould and optimization
Automatically the algorithm of row's cutter: Fig. 4 illustrates the algorithm of automatic adaptation mould of the present invention, model tool magazine, and extract tool-information as the diameter of dise knife, the length and width of other cutters, area, angle, cutter titles etc., arrange the scope of plus tolerance and minus tolerance, to mate cutter.Second step extracts graphical information and puts into choice set from AUTOCAD, and four kinds of circular holes, oblong aperture, slotted hole, special hole are screened, remove sheet material line, dimension line, word etc., the 3rd step is got a pixel from choice set, judges the type (above-mentioned four kinds) of this pixel, processes accordingly according to the type of pixel.The disposal route of this Four types of division below.(1) circular hole is in the time that the pixel type of obtaining from choice set is circular hole, first obtain the coordinate figure (X in the circular hole center of circle, Y, and diameter Z), then compare according to all tool diameters in diameter and tool magazine, find out the cutter that a name calls circle, equal diameters and come, this cutter carries out single-point punching at circle centre position, on CAM layer, in CAD, draw cutter figure, and add attribute (cutter number, the insertion point of mark, layer, cutter etc.) to this cutter figure; If the diameter of all cutters and diameter of a circle are all unequal, add all tool diameters in tolerance value and tool magazine according to diameter value and compare, find out a suitable cutter and carry out single-point punching at circle centre position; If it is all improper that the diameter of all cutters and diameter of a circle add tolerance value, this pixel is shown by a kind of eye-catching color, and " this circle is joined cutter without suitable cutter to eject an information! ! ", user processes accordingly according to actual conditions.(2) oblong aperture is in the time that the pixel type of obtaining from choice set is oblong aperture, first obtain the length of oblong aperture, wide, area, coordinate figure (the X at angle and oblong aperture center, Y, Z), again according to the area of oblong aperture, long, wide, all cutter areas in angle value and tool magazine, long, wide, angle value compares, find out a name and call rectangle and area, long, wide, the cutter that angle value all equates comes, this cutter carries out single-point punching in oblong aperture center, on CAM layer, in CAD, draw cutter figure, and add attribute (cutter number to this cutter figure, mark, layer, the insertion point of cutter etc.), if the Parameter Conditions of all cutters does not meet, this pixel is shown by a kind of eye-catching color, and " this oblong aperture is joined cutter without suitable cutter to eject an information! ! ", user processes accordingly according to actual conditions.(3) slotted hole is in the time that the pixel type of obtaining from choice set is slotted hole, first obtain the length of slotted hole, wide, area, coordinate figure (the X at angle and slotted hole center, Y, Z), again according to the area of slotted hole, long, wide, all cutter areas in angle value and tool magazine, long, wide, angle value compares, find out a name and call Long Circle and area, long, wide, the cutter that angle value all equates comes, this cutter carries out single-point punching in slotted hole center, on CAM layer, in CAD, draw cutter figure, and add attribute (cutter number to this cutter figure, mark, layer, the insertion point of cutter etc.), if the Parameter Conditions of all Long Circle cutters does not meet, select suitable dise knife to walk punching, if it is suitable that dise knife does not have yet, this pixel is shown by a kind of eye-catching color, and " this slotted hole is joined cutter without suitable cutter to eject an information! ! ", user processes accordingly according to actual conditions.(4) special hole is in the time that the pixel type of obtaining from choice set is piece, first obtain the length of piece, wide, area, coordinate figure (the X at angle He Kuai center, Y, Z), again according to the area of piece, long, wide, all cutter areas in angle value and tool magazine, long, wide, angle value compares, find out a name and call special and area, long, wide, the cutter that angle value all equates comes, this cutter in piece center (being INS) carry out single-point punching, on CAM layer, in CAD, draw cutter figure, and add attribute (cutter number to this cutter figure, mark, layer, the insertion point of cutter etc.), if the Parameter Conditions of all cutters does not meet, this pixel is shown by a kind of eye-catching color, and " this piece is joined cutter without suitable cutter to eject an information! ! ", user processes accordingly according to actual conditions.Utilize circulation theory, after the pixel in choice set is all processed, on CAM layer, just automatically suitable cutter has been added, automatically arrange the block diagram of cutter and see Fig. 4.
The algorithm of optimizing: Fig. 5 illustrates the algorithm of optimization, automobile side rail numerical control punching production line adopts in-line arrangement die storehouse, and its die change velocity ratio is very fast, generally adopts path optimization and then carries out the principle of mould optimization.The mode that it has adopted clamp hardware automatically to dodge, does not consider the Avoidance in clamp dead band in software.This optimization method adopts packet mode, every two meters is one group, in every group, first press mould optimization, equal dies is optimized by the distance of the off-set value of the X value+mould therefor of punching point, the off-set value of equal dies and the X value+mould therefor also identical distance of rushing the off-set value of pressing Y value+mould therefor compares, compare by all path optimizings again, select an optimal path and generate NC code, the feature of automobile chassis longeron is: its x direction is very long generally at 5 to 12 meters, y direction width is less than 600mm, the thick 6-10mm of sheet material, hole count is many, aperture kind is many, requirement drawing velocity is fast, precision is high.May cause the time of idle motion longer with common optimization method, die change often, does not reach the object of optimization; The principle of concrete analysis as the case may be, narrate respectively the optimization side of several typical structures below: (1). the dull and stereotyped open architecture mould structure of optimization of dull and stereotyped open architecture rotary type tower die storehouse is rotary type tower die storehouse form, the automobile longeron punching production line that China's First is developed voluntarily, be arranged on Hefei factory of JAC, development in 2000 is gone into operation, this is the more ripe mould structure form that numerical control press generally adopts at that time, easy maintenance, and mounting or dismounting are convenient.Shortcoming is that die change speed is slow.This optimization method adopts packet mode, and each clamp dead band is one group, in clamp the dead band outside taking every two meters as one group, first by mould optimization, equal dies is by nearest optimization in every group, all path optimizings compare, and select an optimal path generation NC code.Model die storehouse, and extract die information as the diameter of dise knife, the length and width of other moulds, area, angle, mould titles etc., arrange the scope of plus tolerance and minus tolerance, to carry out matched mold.Second step extracts graphical information and puts into choice set from AUTICAD, and automatically adds mould.The 3rd step is optimized, first by mould optimization then equal dies by distance optimize.(2). the die change velocity ratio of the optimization in-line arrangement die storehouse of dull and stereotyped open architecture x direction in-line arrangement die storehouse is very fast, generally adopts path optimization and then carries out the principle of mould optimization.The mode that it has adopted clamp hardware automatically to dodge, does not consider the Avoidance in clamp dead band in software.This optimization method adopts packet mode, every two meters is one group, in every group, first press mould optimization, equal dies is optimized by the distance of the off-set value of the X value+mould therefor of punching point, the off-set value of equal dies and the X value+mould therefor also identical distance of rushing the off-set value of pressing Y value+mould therefor compares, compare by all path optimizings again, select an optimal path and generate NC code.(3). this kind of structure of optimization of dull and stereotyped closed type structure y direction in-line arrangement die storehouse has former and later two clamps, be clamped in respectively the centre position of the two ends width Y-direction of sheet material length X direction, start when charging, only have one next to clamp sheet material and promote forward sheet material; In the time that sheet material is crossed lathe bed, before a clamp also clamp sheet material, under this state, two clamps all clamp sheet material and synchronously send to and rollback; In the time arriving the end of sheet material, clamp below unclamps, and only has above one to clamp sheet material and pull forward.This optimization method adopts segmented mode, the optimal way of grouping in interlude, first be divided into three sections by length, first paragraph is got 0<=X<=560, second segment is got 560<x< sheet material length-600, the 3rd section of x>=sheet material length-600, first paragraph is owing to only having a rear clamp to clamp sheet material, optimize and adopt filtering type, be optimized by the directions X off-set value of the X value+mould therefor of punching point, whether pipe mold is not identical; If the directions X off-set value of the X value+mould therefor of punching point is when identical, then decide the precedence of punching press by the distance of the upper punching of the Y-direction off-set value distance of Y value+mould therefor.The object of optimizing is like this precision that ensures punching, reduces the error causing due to moving back and forth of sheet material.Former and later two clamps of second segment are all clamped sheet material, optimize and adopt subsection optimization, and each rice is one group, in group first by mould optimization, the ascending arrangement of mould, object is can more uniform dispense pressure, improves drawing velocity; Then equal dies is optimized by distance.First group of last punching point taking first paragraph be as benchmark, obtains first mould in this group nearest point of last punching point apart from first paragraph, optimizes by distance, can obtain other points.In the time of mold exchange, all above one is benchmark last punching point of mould, obtains other points by minimum distance, the like, can optimize all of second segment and rush a little.The 3rd section owing to only having previous clamp to clamp sheet material, optimizes and adopt filtering type, other same first paragraphs.Fig. 5 is shown in by the flow chart of the optimization of dull and stereotyped closed type structure y direction in-line arrangement die storehouse.(4) optimization of .U type longeron outside of belly numerical control punching line x direction in-line arrangement die storehouse; This structure and clamp and dull and stereotyped closed type structure y direction in-line arrangement die storehouse are basic identical, due to it have two kinds of detection modes taking U-shaped longeron above as benchmark is called front detection, taking U-shaped longeron below as benchmark is called rear detection, its coordinate system has two to be respectively X-Y1 and X-Y2, the coordinate figure of punching point depends on coordinate system, front and rear row mould can exchange, and adopts filtering type optimization.(5). this structure of optimization of NC Production Line of Three Dimension Punch x direction in-line arrangement die storehouse and clamp and U-shaped longeron outside of belly numerical control punching line die storehouse are basic identical, because its outside of belly has two kinds of front detections of detection mode and rear detection, it also has two randoms to be respectively used to rush the hole of front aerofoil and rear aerofoil in addition, its coordinate system has four, respectively X-Y1, X-Y2, X-Z1, X-Z2, the coordinate figure of punching point depends on coordinate system, and outside of belly front and rear row mould can exchange, the mode of sending to of clamp has two kinds one to draw one to send and only send final stage pull-out sheet material., adopt filtering type optimization.
Part IV taking three of U-shaped beam punching four main frames as example illustrates data flow of the present invention.
The left girder stretch-out view of an automobile U-shaped beam is first drawn or opened to the data flow of three punching four main frames of U-shaped beam as shown in figure 17; The outside of belly lower left corner of this stretch-out view is moved to (0,0) point, delete repeat element, according to the technological requirement of automobile side rail numerical control punching production line, the distance L EssT.LTssT.LT0.1mm between two centers of circle, system is thought repeat element, its distance is between 0.1-8mm, system thinks that wrong hole special color shows, and reminding user is wrong, should process.Preserve CAD graphic data base.Read the data of CAD graphic data base, remove the irrelevant information of size marking, text, tolerances marking, straight line etc. and CAM, only retain the information relevant with CAM, preserve CAD field data, comprise (trap setting, linear, current layer, system variable), and newly-built CAM layer, current layer is set to CAM layer, set up the CAM model of mould, sheet material parameter is set, tolerance parameter is set, the dead band up and down of each mould is set, carry out automatic adaptation mould according to automated cutter setting-up algorithm, special carrying out manually joined mould (as without proper mold, pretend and rush point etc.), result generates CAM model, deposit in graphic data base, if detect to CAM model and add attribute before and after right beam, if this step of left beam is omitted, so far CAM model is set up, carry out again mould and path optimization, the precedence sequence of a punching press liquidates, taking total punching press shortest path with reduce die change number of times as target as far as possible, carry out the demonstration of punching press trace simulation, according to clamp exchange algorithm, more than two main frame punching simultaneously algorithm, generate NC program, recover CAD field data, current layer is set to CAD and starts to open the layer of figure, NC program is transferred in the digital control system of automobile side rail numerical control punching production line and goes, the sheet material of needs processing is put on stock shelf, working procedure in the digital control system of automobile side rail numerical control punching production line, main frame carries out punching processing, produce automobile longitudinal girder product, machining the product that rear handle processes is put in blanking rack.System automatic cycle material loading, punching, blanking action, so just processing automobile longeron in batch, until the sheet material of processing on stock shelf is for empty.
Claims (1)
1. a construction method for the CAM system of processing for automobile longeron punching, it is applied to three longeron punching production line CAM systems of rushing four main frames of u ellbeam, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1. according to the automobile side rail numerical control punching production line type of user's request choice for use;
2. create automobile side rail numerical control punching production line type middle plateform, aerofoil, breadth, the corresponding engineering of San Mianchong with visual Basic, this project comprises quoting CAD, the foundation of various forms and programming, the program design of self-defining function and subroutine in module, set up the mathematical model of various algorithms, set up generic module so that VBA routine call;
3. the type of engineering is defined as to Activex.Dll, and is compiled into the corresponding dynamic link library type of various automobile side rail numerical control punching production line types;
4. write with VBA the interface routine being connected with the various types of dynamic link libraries that compile;
5. write the corresponding script of various numerical control punching production line types, set up CAM Menu file and every corresponding icon;
6. set up every icon and write linking of interface routine with VBA;
7. described CAM Menu file, VBA are write to interface routine, VB development interface, forms, module, the engineering that class generates DLL, provides with the form of VB class is provided, the various documents such as encryption method, operation instruction are all encapsulated in SETUP, form the installation procedure of various automobile side rail numerical control punching production lines;
Described module also comprises:
Automatic adaptation mould algorithm, on the integrated basis of CAD/CAM, by automatic adaptation mould, the mould of reasonable distribution punching, avoids same mould is produced overheated and reduces serviceable life for continuous punching; The punching main frame of reasonable distribution breadth, for adopt two main frames to rush and prepare simultaneously; Thereby the processing technology that has formed automobile side rail numerical control punching production line is formulated flow process; The algorithm of automatic adaptation mould, model tool magazine, and extract tool-information as the diameter of dise knife, and the length and width of other cutters, area, angle, cutter title, arranges the scope of plus tolerance and minus tolerance, to mate cutter; Second step extracts graphical information and puts into choice set from AUTOCAD, and four kinds of circular holes, oblong aperture, slotted hole, special hole are screened, remove sheet material line, dimension line, word, the 3rd step is got a pixel from choice set, judges the type of this pixel, processes accordingly according to the type of pixel; Utilize circulation theory, after the pixel in choice set is all processed, on CAM layer, just automatically suitable cutter has been added;
Optimized algorithm, mould optimization and path optimization combine, and two-shipper punching simultaneously and clamp exchange closely cooperate, and the final purpose of optimization is accelerated the productive temp of longeron punching; For clamp exchange, adopt binary channels, clamping plate clamp clamping longeron carries out forward punch work, and other non-clamping plate clamps return back to fast next position location simultaneously and wait for, make the redundancy time of clamp exchange reach minimum; For the two host computer systems of breadth punching, adopt two main frames to rush simultaneously;
The algorithm of optimizing adopts path optimization and then carries out the principle of mould optimization; This optimization method adopts packet mode, every two meters is one group, in every group, first press mould optimization, equal dies is optimized by the distance of the off-set value of the X value+mould therefor of punching point, the off-set value of equal dies and the X value+mould therefor also identical distance of rushing the off-set value of pressing Y value+mould therefor compares, compare by all path optimizings again, select an optimal path and generate NC code;
8. according to the automobile side rail numerical control punching production line type of user's request choice for use, comprise flat board, aerofoil, breadth, San Mianchong, selecting corresponding installation procedure is setup.exe;
9. after installation, in CAD, the catalogue of installing is increased in supporting document searching route;
10. in CAD, CAM menu is increased in menu self-defining term.
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| DE102015001557B3 (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2016-02-04 | Komet Group Gmbh | Method for monitoring a machine tool |
| CN106843158B (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2020-11-17 | 广州市力鼎汽车零部件有限公司 | CAM system of stamping frame connecting plate equipment and processing method |
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