CN1027072C - Process and apparatus for making gasoline and diesel from waste plastics - Google Patents
Process and apparatus for making gasoline and diesel from waste plastics Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1027072C CN1027072C CN91104875A CN91104875A CN1027072C CN 1027072 C CN1027072 C CN 1027072C CN 91104875 A CN91104875 A CN 91104875A CN 91104875 A CN91104875 A CN 91104875A CN 1027072 C CN1027072 C CN 1027072C
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- gasoline
- diesel oil
- cracking still
- tank
- cylinder
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method and a device for producing gasoline and diesel oil from waste plastics. In the method, waste plastics, such as polyethylene plastics, polypropylene plastics, etc., are heated in a cracking still after a catalyst is added to generate [CH]-[5] to [CH]-[20] gas; the gas passes a reflux pipe, a separating cylinder, a reflux tower, a cooling pipe, a liquid storage cylinder, etc., impurities are removed, and the gas is converted a mixed liquid of gasoline and diesel oil; gasoline and diesel oil are separated accordingly to the different distillation range of gasoline and diesel oil, and thereby, waste and old plastics difficult to treat are converted to useful gasoline and diesel oil.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of method and device that utilizes making gasoline and diesel from waste plastics, belong to waste recovery and comprehensive utilization.
At present, development along with petroleum industry, plastic prod is more and more in the petroleum products, plastics have become one of indispensable material among the human lives, but increasing along with plastic prod kind quantity, waste or used plastics also increases thereupon day by day, some out of use waste or used plastics just plastic garbage are embedded in underground, without putrefaction in several years influences soil property, if burnt, then produce a large amount of toxic gases, contaminate environment, therefore, the processing of waste or used plastics has become one of human urgent problem.At present, the treatment process of plastic waste generally can only be to reclaim processing to make it become the inferior reworked material of matter.
Purpose of the present invention just provides a kind of method and device of polyethylene in the waste or used plastics, polypropylene etc. being made gasoline, diesel oil.
The present invention is following realization: utilize waste or used plastics to make gasoline, the device of diesel oil is mainly by feeding tube, process furnace, cracking still, reflux tower, return line, condensing tower, the liquid storage cylinder, evaporation tank, rectifying tower, storage tank, valve, threeway, the gac filter chamber, the washing cylinder is formed, when making gasoline or diesel oil, at first by feeding tube with polyethylene, polypropylene or its mixing add catalyzer aluminium and pure aluminium silicate places cracking still at 550～750 ℃ of temperature range internal heating, the gas that heating back forms enters by the splitter cylinder of temperature in 310～350 ℃ of scopes in 30 ℃～35 ℃ the condensing tower, these gases major part under 310 ℃～350 ℃ temperature is converted into liquid and delivers in the liquid storage cylinder again, wherein C
5～C
20The mixture that alkane is gasoline, diesel oil will all be converted into liquid, can not be converted into the gas such as the C of liquid
2～C
4Alkane, H
2Deng Kong Bingjing spark arrester, return and participate in burning or discharge in the process furnace through liquid storage cylinder top.The gasoline that is liquefied, diesel oil mixture from the liquid storage cylinder come out after evaporation tank, rectifying tower carry out the sorting of gasoline, diesel oil, according to the different boiling ranges of gasoline, diesel oil, can obtain gasoline, diesel oil respectively, enter in the condensing tower respectively again and cool off, be converted into liquid state, lead to separately gasoline groove, diesel oil groove through valve, three then.Be respectively equipped with the gac filter chamber between gasoline groove and diesel oil groove and gasoline tank and diesel oil tank, the gac filter chamber has the effect of adsorbing impurity, making with extra care, decolouring to gasoline, the diesel oil of process.Between gasoline tank and diesel oil tank and total storage tank of gasoline and the total storage tank of diesel oil, be provided with the washing cylinder of establishing whipping appts in one, to reach the effect of removing assorted flavor, so just obtained pure gasoline and diesel oil, its said process main chemical reactions equation is as follows:
Aluminium, pure aluminium silicate
＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝
550～750℃
(C+H
2+ CH
4+ C
2H
6+ C
3H
8+ C
4H
10+ C
5H
12+ C
6H
14+ ... + C
11H
24+ C
12H
26+ ... + C
20H
42+ C
22H
46+ C
25H
52)
n, n: be expressed as positive integer.
Wherein: C
5H
12～C
11H
14Be gasoline fraction, C
12H
26～C
20H
42Be fraction of diesel oil.
Use this processing method and device can be effectively waste polyethylene, polypropylene are handled and to be become useful gasoline, diesel oil, turn waste into wealth, not only solved the plastic garbage problem that people have a headache for it, but also provide short gasoline and diesel oil, and technology is simple, the products obtained therefrom cost is low, both can obtain economic benefit, also obtain obvious social.
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
Fig. 1 is a work synoptic diagram of the present invention; Wherein: 1, combustion chamber; 2, tune plate; 3, roasting kiln shell; 4, counterseal plate; 5, discharge gate; 6, top plug; 7, cracking still; 8, return line; 9, choke elbow; 10, splitter cylinder; 11, reflux tower; 12, temperature control panel; 13, condensing tower; 14, rectifying tower; 15, condensing tower; 16, valve; 17, threeway; 18, gasoline groove; 19, diesel oil groove; 20, gac filter chamber; 21, gasoline tank; 22, evaporation tank; 23, washing cylinder; 24, liquid storage cylinder; 25, spark arrester; 26, agitator; 27, the total storage tank of gasoline; 28, feeding tube; 29, diesel oil tank; 30, the total storage tank of diesel oil;
As shown in Figure 1, with the device of making gasoline and diesel from waste plastics mainly by process furnace, cracking still, condensing tower, the liquid storage cylinder, evaporation tank, rectifying tower, condensing tower, valve, threeway, the gasoline groove, the diesel oil groove, gasoline tank, diesel oil tank, the total storage tank of gasoline, the total storage tank of diesel oil is formed, wherein: the bottom surface is that planar cracking still container top is provided with the vertical up and down and return line that communicates with cracking still, the return line the other end communicates with splitter cylinder container middle part or top, the splitter cylinder bottom is provided with the resistance vapour elbow that Open Side Down, the resistance vapour elbow the other end communicates with cracking still top, splitter cylinder top is provided with the vertical up and down and reflux tower that communicates with splitter cylinder, the cracking still side-lower is provided with discharge gate, be used to remove the waste material and the carbon black that can not react again, can get byproduct after carbon black is refining, the cracking still container side is provided with a feeding tube, feeding tube one end places in the cracking still, its end is provided with the counterseal plate that connects with bearing pin, the feeding tube the other end places outside the cracking still, be inserted with rod shape top plug in it, feeding tube is positioned at the middle part in the cracking still outside upward to an opening is arranged, making gasoline, at first send feeding tube middle part upward opening to next polyethylene in the diesel oil step with the top plug, in polypropylene or its mixture jacking cracking still, add catalyzer aluminium, pure aluminium silicate, heating then, its heating means can be used coal, gas, the oil firing heating, also can use electrically heated, in the present embodiment, type of heating acts as a fuel with coal, between combustion chamber and cracking still, be provided with the tune plate, in order to the control Heating temperature, making the temperature in the cracking still is 550 ℃～750 ℃.Under this temperature, catalytic cracking reaction takes place in material in the cracking still under catalyst action, generates gas C
2～C
20Alkane and hydrogen, carbon, water also have other different gas of minute quantity, all gas Yin Wendu and proportion factor will enter along the return line on cracking still top in the splitter cylinder, because the progressively reduction of temperature in return line, has a small amount of gas will be converted into liquid and fall into cracking still from reflux tower.Splitter cylinder places by the roasting kiln flue, by adjustable plate control flue gas process or without splitter cylinder, thereby the temperature in the control splitter cylinder, the backflow tower top temperature on splitter cylinder top is remained in 310 ℃～350 ℃ scopes, the splitter cylinder bottom is provided with a choke elbow that Open Side Down, and the choke elbow the other end communicates with cracking still.C
2～C
20After alkane and other gas enter splitter cylinder, again in reflux tower enters condensing tower.Because the vertical temperature of reflux tower is 310 ℃～350 ℃, some polymer gases will be converted into liquid and fall into the splitter cylinder bottom, when treating that liquid surpasses the elbow height, just flow back into through the choke elbow and will carry out secondary reaction, C in the cracking still
2～C
20Alkane and small quantity of hydrogen will enter in the condensing tower by splitter cylinder, reflux tower.Condensing tower adopts cooling water circulation, and its internal temperature is remained between 30 ℃～35 ℃, and gas is through out-of-date, C
5～C
20Alkane will be converted into liquid, together enter together with other gas in the liquid storage cylinder of condensing tower bottom, the other spark arrester that is provided with of liquid storage cylinder, a certain amount of water is arranged in the spark arrester, its top is provided with pipeline and communicates with the roasting kiln inner combustion chamber, enter pipeline that the low molecular weight gas such as hydrogen, methane of liquid storage cylinder will be by liquid storage cylinder top from the spark arrester upper end enter water in the spark arrester, enter spark arrester top through water again, the pipeline by spark arrester top arrives the combustion chamber and participates in burning.Water in the spark arrester is for preventing that the fiery reversed flow in the combustion chamber from entering the liquid storage cylinder.Remain in the liquid C in the liquid storage cylinder this moment
5～C
20Alkane is the mixture of gasoline and diesel oil.This mixing liquid adopts prior art according to the different boiling ranges of gasoline, diesel, promptly just can obtain liquid gasoline and diesel oil respectively through evaporation tank, rectifying tower, condensing tower.For example: being allocated as of No. 85 gasoline: 35 ℃～70 ℃ distillates 10%, 70 ℃～120 ℃ distillates 40%, 120～200 ℃ of distillates 50%, its mixing is gasoline No. 85, the gasoline that comes out from condensing tower, diesel oil passes through valve, threeway control, arrive groove separately, remove impurity through the gac filter chamber again, decolouring enters storage tank, arrives the washing of washing cylinder then and removes peculiar smell, flow at last in total storage tank, this is wherein: through the washing of washing cylinder is that oil and water are together put into the washing cylinder with the agitator stirring, stop stirring after, water, oil remains static, because oil, the proportion difference of water, the two will place respectively high and low position in the washing cylinder, thereby separate water outlet and oil, open valve below the washing cylinder, discharge water earlier, the back promptly is purified oil.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of method of making gasoline, diesel oil with plastic waste, it is characterized in that: its method is to make in the device of gasoline, diesel oil with plastic waste to carry out, in this device, waste polyethylene, polypropylene or its mixing are added catalyzer aluminium and pure aluminium silicate, in 550～750 ℃ of temperature range internal heating, the gas that heating back forms enters by the splitter cylinder (10) in the cracking still (7) of temperature in 310～350 ℃ of scopes in 30～35 ℃ the condensing tower (15) again.
2, a kind ofly make gasoline with plastic waste, the used device of the method for diesel oil is mainly by feeding tube (28), process furnace (3), cracking still (7), condensing tower (13), liquid storage cylinder (24), evaporation tank (22), rectifying tower (14), condensing tower (15), valve (16), threeway (17), gasoline groove (18), diesel oil groove (19), gasoline tank (21), diesel oil tank (29), the total storage tank of gasoline (27), the total storage tank of diesel oil (30) is formed, it is characterized in that: the bottom surface is that planar cracking still (7) container top is provided with the vertical up and down and return line (8) that communicates with cracking still (7), return line (8) the other end communicates with splitter cylinder (10) container middle part or top, splitter cylinder (10) bottom is provided with the resistance vapour elbow (9) that Open Side Down, resistance vapour elbow (9) the other end communicates with cracking still (7) top, and splitter cylinder (10) top is provided with one up and down vertically and the reflux tower (11) that communicates with splitter cylinder (10).
3, device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: cracking still (7) container side is provided with a feeding tube (28), feeding tube (28) one ends place in the cracking still (7), its end is provided with the counterseal plate (4) that connects with bearing pin, feeding tube (28) the other end places outside the cracking still (7), be inserted with rod shape top plug (8) in it, feeding tube (28) is positioned at the middle part in cracking still (7) outside upward to an opening is arranged.
4, device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: be respectively equipped with gac filter chamber (20) between gasoline groove (18) and diesel oil groove (19) and gasoline tank (21) and diesel oil tank (29); Between gasoline tank (21) and the total storage tank of diesel oil (29) and total storage tank of gasoline (27) and the total storage tank of diesel oil (30), be provided with the washing cylinder (23) of establishing whipping appts (26) in one.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN91104875A CN1027072C (en) | 1991-07-23 | 1991-07-23 | Process and apparatus for making gasoline and diesel from waste plastics |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN91104875A CN1027072C (en) | 1991-07-23 | 1991-07-23 | Process and apparatus for making gasoline and diesel from waste plastics |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1068834A CN1068834A (en) | 1993-02-10 |
| CN1027072C true CN1027072C (en) | 1994-12-21 |
Family
ID=4906865
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN91104875A Expired - Fee Related CN1027072C (en) | 1991-07-23 | 1991-07-23 | Process and apparatus for making gasoline and diesel from waste plastics |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1027072C (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1100845C (en) * | 1999-03-12 | 2003-02-05 | 张昭明 | Wasted plastic oil refining process with low cost and high yield |
| CN103657322A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-03-26 | 黑龙江省斯达特兽药有限公司 | Efficient plastic melting cracking flue gas desorption separation purification system |
-
1991
- 1991-07-23 CN CN91104875A patent/CN1027072C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1068834A (en) | 1993-02-10 |
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Address after: 100824 Beijing City, 38 South Street on the altar of the State Planning Commission printing factory floor four Patentee after: Xinyuan Engineering Technology Co Ltd Address before: 100085 Beijing, Haidian District, Xisanqi Patentee before: Beijing Guan bang technology development company |
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