CN102707027A - Method for determining chlorine demand for rapid reaction in chlorine residual decay after chlorination - Google Patents
Method for determining chlorine demand for rapid reaction in chlorine residual decay after chlorination Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining chlorine demand for rapid reaction in chlorine residual decay after chlorination, which comprises the following steps of: 1) adding sodium hypochlorite into water needing disinfection to prepare disinfected water with the total initial residual chlorine concentration C0 of 1.1mg/L-1.7mg/L; 2) taking the disinfected water in step 1), measuring the residual chlorine concentration C at different time t, fitting data by a formulary parallel first-order reaction model, fitting three parameters of x, kf and ks in a least squares method to obtain x, kf and ks, and multiplying x, C0 and then an adjustment coefficient 1.10-1.20 to obtain the chlorine demand for the rapid reaction. The method disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of low cost and safety, and at the same time the method is simple, has strong operability and good controllability, and is easy for expansion and industrial production. The chlorine demand for the rapid reaction can be determined rapidly and accurately by the method disclosed by the invention, so that accurate chlorination is carried out according to the chlorine demand for the rapid reaction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to belong to chlorination of drinking water disinfection technology field, definite method of the fast response chlorine demand of chlorine residue decay in particularly a kind of pipe network of disposable completion efficiently.
Background technology
Sodium hypochlorite sterilization is the disinfection way that China water factory generally adopts, its advantage be with low cost, Disinfection Effect is obvious, shortcoming is that decay is very fast in the relatively poor water of water quality.In recent years, because the deterioration of source quality, though behind water factory's clear water reserviors chlorination; Residual chlorine concentration can meet " drinking water sanitary standard " (GB5749-2006) greater than the requirement of 0.3mg/L in the output water; But the chlorine residue decay is very fast, causes the interior residual chlorine concentration of pipeline very low, and pipeline tip residual chlorine concentration does not reach the requirement of standard greater than 0.05mg/L; Bacterium grows in pipeline, has reduced drinking water quality.
In recent years, China has strengthened the samll cities and towns that are connected with public supply mains and the drinking water quality requirement in rural area.The secondary chlorination demonstration project of samll cities and towns and rural area pipe network begins to carry out.Find that in the engineering operating process though chlorination point place residual chlorine concentration has reached 0.6mg/L, the chlorine residue decay is very fast, just decay finishes halfway.It is thus clear that the water quality of China's pipe network end is also more undesirable, has influenced the maintenance of chlorine residue in samll cities and towns and rural area pipe network.
Though add the contents of residual chlorine that excessive sodium hypochlorite can guarantee water in the pipeline,, influenced the mouthfeel of potable water because it is very heavy to smell flavor when residual chlorine concentration is greater than 0.5mg/L in the one side water; DBPs under the higher on the other hand residual chlorine concentration (like haloform and halogen acetic acid) growing amount is also bigger.How to confirm that one can guarantee that chlorine residue decays more slowly in main body water; Keep a certain amount of chlorine residue in the pipeline, can guarantee that again it is the emphasis of Recent study that the DBPs content and the chlorination expense of flavor problem and reduction are not smelt in chlorine residue when arriving user's water swivel.
Research shows; The chlorine residue decay contains two types of reactions in the water of relatively poor water quality; One type is rapid reaction, generally in 0.5 hour, accomplishes, and consumes 30% ~ 60% chlorine residue (percent value changes with the variation of initial residual chlorine concentration); Another kind of is slow reaction, generally needs accomplish in 10 ~ 20 hours.As long as it is thus clear that can determine total chlorine demand (representing) of participating in fast response, add used up residual chlorine concentration in water supply network, just can draw the initial residual chlorine concentration that in water factory's clear water reserviors, needs chlorination to obtain with concentration.So both guarantee the concentration requirement of chlorine residue in water supply network, and can save cost again, avoided smelling the problem of flavor problem and DBPs.
Publication number is device and the analytical approach thereof that the Chinese invention patent application of CN 101793902A discloses a kind of fluidly injecting and rapidly analyzing residual chlorine of water quality; Its analytical approach may further comprise the steps: a. is current-carrying liquid with buffer solution, through current-carrying liquid syringe pump current-carrying liquid is injected pipeline capillaceous continuously; B. through sampling valve sample and DPD developer are injected the current-carrying liquid of above-mentioned kapillary pipeline, sample spreads in the current-carrying liquid of directed flow, and with DPD developer and buffering solution hybrid reaction, reaction produces red compound; C. red compound gets into the colorimetric flow cell with current-carrying liquid; At wavelength is red compound in irradiation and the colorimetric flow cell under the light source of 510nm; The peak height of measuring light voltage; Acquisition has the response curve of corresponding peak height and peak width, with the standard water trial curve comparison of peak height or peak width and concentration known, is the contents of residual chlorine that AAS calculates sample through absorbance and opto-electronic conversion; D. last current-carrying liquid flows out from the outlet kapillary of flow cell.Though this analytical approach can be in device the contents of residual chlorine of fast measuring sample; Can the real time on-line monitoring potable water, the on-line monitoring of chlorine residue in the industrial circulating cooling water; Easy and obtain instant analysis data apace, but chlorine residue decay rapid-action chlorine demand can't be obtained.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides definite method of the fast response chlorine demand that chlorine residue decays behind the chlorination in a kind of water; Record residual chlorine concentration under the different time, adopt parallel first order reaction model to carry out match, draw final desired fast response chlorine demand the result who is measured; Method is simply effective, easy operating.
Definite method of the fast response chlorine demand of chlorine residue decay behind the chlorination in a kind of water may further comprise the steps:
1) in the water of need sterilization, adds sodium hypochlorite, be mixed with total initial residual chlorine concentration C
0The water of disinfecting for 1.1mg/L ~ 1.7mg/L;
2) get the water of disinfecting in the step 1), under different time t, record residual chlorine concentration C, and adopt formula parallel first order reaction model fitting data 1.,
Adopt least square fitting x, k
fAnd k
sThree parameters obtain x, k
fAnd k
s, with x and C
0Multiply each other, multiply by adjustment coefficient 1.10 ~ 1.20 again and be the fast response chlorine demand.
Described chlorine residue is free residual chlorine, is meant the oxidation state chlorine that contains, promptly quantivalency be 0 ,+1 ,+3 ,+4 ,+5 ,+7 oxidation state chlorine, the chlorine residue of disinfecting in the water is meant Cl
2, HClO and ClO
-The concentration sum.
In order better to be invented effect, below as of the present invention preferred:
In the step 1), the form of the described sodium hypochlorite hypochlorous sodium WS adds, and aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution helps controlling the addition of sodium hypochlorite.Further preferred, sodium hypochlorite concentration is 300mg/L ~ 1000mg/L in the described aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution, adopts the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution of above-mentioned concentration, helps being mixed with total initial residual chlorine concentration C
0The water of disinfecting for 1.1mg/L ~ 1.7mg/L.
In the step 1), in the water of need sterilization, add sodium hypochlorite and be mixed with total initial residual chlorine concentration C
0The water of disinfecting for 1.1mg/L ~ 1.7mg/L may further comprise the steps:
A) water that will sterilize is added in the brown bottle, and brown bottle is placed in the constant temperature oven, and temperature constant is controlled at 10 ℃ ~ 25 ℃ certain value in the interval, uses the thermometer measure water temperature at a distance from 10min ~ 30min, reaches stable until temperature, obtains pretreated water;
B) measure the 100ml pure water with clean beaker, in pure water, add sodium hypochlorite reagent, be made into the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution that sodium hypochlorite concentration is 300mg/L ~ 1000mg/L with the 1ml transfer pipet;
C) add in the pretreated water in step a) that sodium hypochlorite concentration is the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution of 300mg/L ~ 1000mg/L in the step b), be mixed with total initial residual chlorine concentration C
0The water of disinfecting for 1.1mg/L ~ 1.7mg/L.
In the step a), temperature constant is controlled at 13 ℃ ~ 19 ℃ certain value in the interval.Controlling temperature-resistant purpose is can under same temperature, carry out in order to guarantee that chlorine residue decays, and each measurement data does not receive the influence of temperature change.In the interval of said temperature, can compare accurately and obtain the fast response chlorine demand with being convenient for measuring.
In the step b), it is 5% ~ 15% aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution that described sodium hypochlorite reagent adopts free chlorine weight percentage.Free chlorine is meant hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and hypochlorite (ClO
-) sum.Free chlorine weight percentage is that 5% ~ 15% aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution can adopt the commercially available prod.
Step 2) in, between the described different time t the time be divided into 5min ~ 60min, the quantity of described different time t is more than 10, thereby obtains fitting result more accurately.
Described different time t is 5min, 10min, 15min, 25min, 35min, 65min, 95min, 125min, 155min, 185min, 215min, 245min, 305min, 365min, the 425min after adding sodium hypochlorite.The residual chlorine concentration that under each above-mentioned time, records helps obtaining accurate simulation curve, thereby fast, accurately obtains the fast response chlorine demand.
Described adjustment coefficient is 1.15, helps obtaining fast response chlorine demand more accurately.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
Definite method of the fast response chlorine demand that, chlorine residue decays behind the chlorination in the water of the present invention, step is simple, and consumptive material is few, can accomplish within one day.According to the testing procedure of above-mentioned fast response chlorine demand, can measure the fast response chlorine demand.According to the fast response chlorine demand, on the one hand, can make water factory when the clear water reserviors chlorination more economically with accurately, make chlorine residue keep slower decay in the back of dispatching from the factory; On the other hand, can instruct later secondary chlorination engineering, consume fast response when making for the first time chlorination, the chlorine residue decay during chlorination for the second time just becomes slowly, thereby chlorination makes the contents of residual chlorine in the water meet " drinking water sanitary standard " at twice.
Definite method usable range of the fast response chlorine demand that two, chlorine residue decays behind the chlorination in the water of the present invention is wide; Owing to all can have a certain amount of organism in water factory's filter back water; And the organism constituent is complicated; Make in fast response ubiquity water factory filter back water and the water supply network tip water, therefore, can adopt the inventive method to carry out confirming fast of fast response chlorine demand.
Three, in the water of the present invention behind the chlorination definite method of the fast response chlorine demand of chlorine residue decay can explain in the pipe network secondary chlorination demonstration project of villages and small towns the higher and very low phenomenon of residual chlorine concentration in user's water of chlorination point place residual chlorine concentration; And can confirm the fast response chlorine demand fast and accurately through the inventive method; Thereby, carry out secondary chlorination accurately according to the fast response chlorine demand.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is 1.6mg/L for total initial residual chlorine concentration among the embodiment 1, and the test duration is 28h, the parallel first order reaction model fitting curve of the residual chlorine concentration that records under each time;
Fig. 2 is 1.6mg/L for total initial residual chlorine concentration among the embodiment 2, and the test duration is 425min, the parallel first order reaction model fitting curve of the residual chlorine concentration that records under each time;
Fig. 3 is 1.13mg/L for total initial residual chlorine concentration among the embodiment 3, and the test duration is 425min, the parallel first order reaction model fitting curve of the residual chlorine concentration that records under each time;
Fig. 4 is 0.69mg/L for the initial residual chlorine concentration of the chlorination first time in the application examples 1, and the residual chlorine concentration of chlorination is the chlorine residue die-away curve of 0.5mg/L for the second time;
Fig. 5 is 0.88mg/L for the initial residual chlorine concentration of the chlorination first time in the application examples 2, and the chlorination residual chlorine concentration is the chlorine residue die-away curve of 0.5mg/L for the second time;
Fig. 6 is 1.64mg/L for initial residual chlorine concentration in the application examples 3, and the test duration is 480min, the parallel first order reaction model fitting curve of the residual chlorine concentration that records under each time;
Fig. 7 is 1.05mg/L for initial residual chlorine concentration in the application examples 3, the parallel first order reaction model fitting curve of the residual chlorine concentration that records under each time.
Embodiment
R among the embodiment
2Be related coefficient, the R that match obtains
2Value is regression sum of square/total sum of squares, and total sum of squares is the difference of two squares sum of each measured value and all measured value mean values, and regression sum of square is that total sum of squares deducts residual sum of squares (RSS), and residual sum of squares (RSS) is the difference of two squares sum of match value and measured value.
1) water factory's filter back water is added in the brown bottle, brown bottle is placed in the constant temperature oven, temperature constant is controlled at 19 ℃, uses the thermometer measure water temperature at a distance from 20min, reaches stable until temperature, obtains pretreated water;
2) measure the 100ml pure water with clean beaker, using the 1ml transfer pipet in pure water, to add free chlorine weight percentage is 10% aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution, is made into the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution that sodium hypochlorite concentration is 500mg/L;
3) in step 1), add step 2 in the pretreated water) in sodium hypochlorite concentration be the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution of 500mg/L, be mixed with total initial residual chlorine concentration C
0The water of disinfecting for 1.6mg/L;
4) get water carries out residual chlorine concentration C (mg/L) under different time t the mensuration of disinfecting in the step 3); Different time t is meant 5min, 10min, 15min, 25min, 35min, 65min, 95min, 125min, 155min, 185min, 215min, 245min, 305min, 365min, 425min, 21h, 23h, 26h, the 28h after adding aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution; And employing formula parallel first order reaction model fitting data 1.
Adopt least square fitting x, k
fAnd k
sThree parameters, simulation curve is as shown in Figure 1, obtains x, k
fAnd k
s, x=0.358, k
f=6.817, k
s=0.027, R
2=0.9905, with x=0.358 and C
0=1.6mg/L multiplies each other, and multiply by adjustment coefficient 1.15 again and is the fast response chlorine demand, is 0.655mg/L.
R
2Be related coefficient, the R that match obtains
2Value is regression sum of square/total sum of squares, and total sum of squares is the difference of two squares sum of each measured value and all measured value mean values, and regression sum of square is that total sum of squares deducts residual sum of squares (RSS), and residual sum of squares (RSS) is the difference of two squares sum of match value and measured value.In the present embodiment promptly, (5min, 10min, 15min, 25min, 35min, 65min, 95min, 125min, 155min, 185min, 215min, 245min, 305min, 365min, 425min, 21h, 23h, 26h, 28h) obtains the measured value of different residual chlorine concentrations under different time t.Total sum of squares is the difference of two squares sum of measured value mean value of measured value and all residual chlorine concentrations of each residual chlorine concentration; Regression sum of square is that total sum of squares deducts residual sum of squares (RSS), and residual sum of squares (RSS) is the difference of two squares sum of the measured value of Fig. 1 curve residual chlorine concentration match value and residual chlorine concentration.
In the step 4); Different time t is 5min, 10min, 15min, 25min, 35min, 65min, 95min, 125min, 155min, 185min, 215min, 245min, 305min, 365min, the 425min after adding aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution, and all the other steps are identical with embodiment 1.
Adopt least square fitting x, k
fAnd k
sThree parameters, simulation curve is as shown in Figure 2, obtains x, k
fAnd k
s, x=0.334, k
f=8.019, k
s=0.039, coefficient R
2=0.9901, with x=0.334 and C
0=1.6mg/L multiplies each other, and multiply by adjustment coefficient 1.15 again and is the fast response chlorine demand, is 0.615mg/L.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2; The beginning duration is 28h behind the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution from adding in data acquisition among the embodiment 1; The beginning duration is 425min behind the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution from adding in data acquisition among the embodiment 2; The fast response chlorine demand result that both obtain differs 0.04mg/L, the result data basically identical of both tests.So prolong the test duration result is influenced not quite, therefore, general image data collection begins lasting 7h behind the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution and gets final product from adding, and the most preferred time is the different time t among the embodiment 2.
In the step 3), be mixed with total initial residual chlorine concentration C
0The water of disinfecting for 1.13mg/L; In the step 4); Different time t is 5min, 10min, 15min, 25min, 35min, 65min, 110min, 140min, 170min, 200min, 230min, 290min, 350min, 410min, the 470min after adding aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution, and all the other steps are identical with embodiment 1.
Adopt least square fitting x, k
fAnd k
sThree parameters, simulation curve is as shown in Figure 3, obtains x, k
fAnd k
s, x=0.503, k
f=6.355, k
s=0.066, coefficient R
2=0.9922, with x=0.503 and C
0=1.13mg/L multiplies each other, and multiply by adjustment coefficient 1.15 again and is the fast response chlorine demand, is 0.654mg/L.
Like Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3, fast response chlorine demand 0.654mg/L basically identical among the fast response chlorine demand 0.655mg/L among the embodiment 1, the fast response chlorine demand 0.615mg/L among the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3, visible, so total initial residual chlorine concentration C
0As long as for fixing on 1.1 ~ 1.7mg/L, just can obtain fast response chlorine demand accurately.Like Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3; Fast response can consume in 0.5h fully; If water retention time is 0.5h after the filter in water factory's clear water reserviors; Then the chlorine residue of output water decay promptly can become slowly, and the output water residual chlorine concentration is 0.5mg/L, just can compliant for of the requirement of output water residual chlorine concentration greater than 0.3mg/L.
Application examples 1
1) water factory's filter back water is added in the brown bottle, brown bottle is placed in the constant temperature oven, temperature constant is controlled at 19 ℃, uses the thermometer measure water temperature at a distance from 20min, reaches stable until temperature, obtains pretreated water;
2) measure the 100ml pure water with clean beaker, using the 1ml transfer pipet in pure water, to add free chlorine weight percentage is 10% aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution, is made into the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution that sodium hypochlorite concentration is 500mg/L;
3) in step 1), add step 2 in the pretreated water) in sodium hypochlorite concentration be the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution of 500mg/L, be mixed with total initial residual chlorine concentration C
0The water of disinfecting for 0.69mg/L;
4) get water carries out residual chlorine concentration C (mg/L) under different time t the mensuration of disinfecting in the step 3); Different time t is meant 5min, 10min, 15min, 25min, 35min, the 45min after adding aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution; 55min; 65min, 95min, 125min, 155min, and adopt formula parallel first order reaction model fitting data 1.
Adopt least square fitting x, k
fAnd k
sThree parameters, simulation curve is as shown in Figure 4, obtains x, k
fAnd k
s, x=0.522, k
f=7.940, k
s=0.479, coefficient R
2=0.9892.
160min after adding aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution; In disinfecting water, add step 2 again) in sodium hypochlorite concentration be the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution of 500mg/L; Carry out the secondary chlorination; Make that the residual chlorine concentration of disinfecting in the water is 0.5mg/L, then at 161min, 165min, 175min, 195min, 225min, 255min, 55min; 285min, 315min, 345min, 375min measure and disinfect the residual chlorine concentration C in the water, and the residual chlorine concentration C that records under these time t is passed through formula C=C
0e
-ktCarry out match, obtain curve, as shown in Figure 4, chlorine residue rate of decay k=0.085, coefficient R
2=0.9892.After definite fast response chlorine demand is 0.655mg/L, can be in first time during chlorination, initial residual chlorine concentration is higher than the fast response chlorine demand, for the first time behind the chlorination, total initial residual chlorine concentration C
0Be 0.69mg/L, thereby make chlorination chlorine residue decay for the second time become slowly that through behind the second time chlorination, disinfect residual chlorine concentration in the water and keep stablely basically, decay slowly.Thus it is clear that, behind the fast response chlorine demand that obtains through embodiment 1,2,3, as a reference; Specifically in handling water factory's filter back water, can carry out chlorination at twice, the initial residual chlorine concentration during chlorination is higher than the fast response chlorine demand for the first time; Chlorination can be so that residual chlorine concentration be about 0.5mg/L for the second time; Chlorination chlorine residue decay for the second time becomes slowly, thereby, can guarantee that compliant is for the requirement of output water residual chlorine concentration greater than 0.3mg/L.
Application examples 2
1) water factory's filter back water is added in the brown bottle, brown bottle is placed in the constant temperature oven, temperature constant is controlled at 19 ℃, uses the thermometer measure water temperature at a distance from 20min, reaches stable until temperature, obtains pretreated water;
2) measure the 100ml pure water with clean beaker, using the 1ml transfer pipet in pure water, to add free chlorine weight percentage is 10% aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution, is made into the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution that sodium hypochlorite concentration is 500mg/L;
3) in step 1), add step 2 in the pretreated water) in sodium hypochlorite concentration be the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution of 500mg/L, be mixed with total initial residual chlorine concentration C
0The water of disinfecting for 0.88mg/L;
4) get water carries out residual chlorine concentration C (mg/L) under different time t the mensuration of disinfecting in the step 3); Different time t is meant 5min, 10min, 15min, 20min, 25min, 30min, 35min, 40min, 60min, 90min, 150min, the 210min after adding aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution; And employing formula parallel first order reaction model fitting data 1.
Adopt least square fitting x, k
fAnd k
sThree parameters, simulation curve is as shown in Figure 5, obtains x, k
fAnd k
s, x=0.541, k
f=7.030, k
s=0.368, coefficient R
2=0.9957.
211min after adding aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution; In disinfecting water, add step 2 again) in sodium hypochlorite concentration be the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution of 500mg/L; Carry out the secondary chlorination; Make that the residual chlorine concentration of disinfecting in the water is 0.5mg/L, then at 212min, 215min, 220min, 240min, 270min, 300min, 330min; 390min, 450min, 510min measure and disinfect the residual chlorine concentration C in the water, and the residual chlorine concentration C that records under these time t is passed through formula C=C
0e
-ktCarry out match, obtain curve, as shown in Figure 5, chlorine residue rate of decay k=0.061, coefficient R
2=0.9176.After definite fast response chlorine demand is 0.655mg/L, can be higher than the fast response chlorine demand by the initial residual chlorine concentration during chlorination in the first time, for the first time behind the chlorination, total initial residual chlorine concentration C
0Be 0.88mg/L, thereby make chlorination chlorine residue decay for the second time become slowly that through behind the second time chlorination, disinfect residual chlorine concentration in the water and keep stablely basically, decay slowly.Thus it is clear that, behind the fast response chlorine demand that obtains through embodiment 1,2,3, as a reference; Specifically in handling water factory's filter back water, can carry out chlorination at twice, the initial residual chlorine concentration during chlorination is higher than the fast response chlorine demand for the first time; Chlorination can be so that residual chlorine concentration be about 0.5mg/L for the second time; Chlorination chlorine residue decay for the second time becomes slowly, thereby, can guarantee that compliant is for the requirement of output water residual chlorine concentration greater than 0.3mg/L.
Application examples 3
In recent years, country has further the water quality requirement in the samll cities and towns that are connected with public supply mains and rural area and improves.So samll cities and towns' secondary chlorination demonstration project has obtained carrying out.Recognize that in demonstration project though chlorine residue at chlorination point place higher (reaching 0.6mg/L), is found to decay very soon, just decay finishes halfway.For accessing the decay of chlorine residue comparatively slowly and not wasting adding of chlorine, need to confirm the fast response chlorine dosage.Get the pipe end water of certain samll cities and towns.
1) pipe end water is added in the brown bottle, brown bottle is placed in the constant temperature oven, temperature constant is controlled at 19 ℃, uses the thermometer measure water temperature at a distance from 20min, reaches stable until temperature, obtains pretreated water;
2) measure the 100ml pure water with clean beaker, using the 1ml transfer pipet in pure water, to add free chlorine weight percentage is 10% aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution, is made into the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution that sodium hypochlorite concentration is 500mg/L;
3) in step 1), add step 2 in the pretreated water) in sodium hypochlorite concentration be the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution of 500mg/L, be mixed with total initial residual chlorine concentration C
0The water of disinfecting for 1.64mg/L;
4) get water carries out residual chlorine concentration C (mg/L) under different time t the mensuration of disinfecting in the step 3); Different time t is meant 5min, 10min, 15min, 20min, 30min, 40min, 60min, 80min, 110min, 140min, 170min, 200min, 230min, 270min, the 290min after adding aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution; And employing formula parallel first order reaction model fitting data 1.
Adopt least square fitting x, k
fAnd k
sThree parameters, simulation curve is as shown in Figure 6, obtains x, k
fAnd k
s, x=0.355, k
f=12.672, k
s=0.114, coefficient R
2=0.9859, with x=0.355 and C
0=1.64mg/L multiplies each other, and multiply by adjustment coefficient 1.15 again and is the fast response chlorine demand, is 0.67mg/L.
The fast response chlorine demand when samll cities and towns' pipe network water inlet end secondary chlorination, can make initial residual chlorine concentration exceed about fast response chlorine demand 0.4mg/L after confirming, can adopt initial residual chlorine concentration is about 1.07mg/L.
Adopt total initial residual chlorine concentration C
0The water of disinfecting for 1.05mg/L; Under different time t, carry out the mensuration of residual chlorine concentration C (mg/L); Different time t is meant 5min, 10min, 15min, 25min, 55min, 75min, 105min, 135min, 180min, 240min, 300min, 360min, 420min, the 480min after adding aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution; And employing formula parallel first order reaction model fitting data 1.
Adopt least square fitting x, k
fAnd k
sThree parameters, simulation curve is as shown in Figure 7, obtains x, k
fAnd k
s, x=0.506, k
f=11.143, k
s=0.381, coefficient R
2=0.9968.As shown in Figure 7, can know that fast response accomplishes decay in 0.5h, the decay of chlorine residue afterwards becomes slowly, still satisfies the requirement of the pipe network tip residual chlorine concentration of regulation and stipulation more than or equal to 0.05mg/L during 8h.
Claims (10)
1. definite method of the fast response chlorine demand of chlorine residue decay behind the chlorination in the water may further comprise the steps:
1) in the water of need sterilization, adds sodium hypochlorite, be mixed with total initial residual chlorine concentration C
0The water of disinfecting for 1.1mg/L ~ 1.7mg/L;
2) get the water of disinfecting in the step 1), under different time t, record residual chlorine concentration C, and adopt formula parallel first order reaction model fitting data 1.,
Formula 1. in, the initial residual chlorine concentration that x representes to participate in fast response accounts for the number percent of total initial residual chlorine concentration, C
0Be total initial residual chlorine concentration, k
fBe chlorine residue fast response attenuation constant, k
sBe chlorine residue long response time attenuation constant;
Adopt least square fitting x, k
fAnd k
sThree parameters obtain x, k
fAnd k
s, with x and C
0Multiply each other, multiply by adjustment coefficient 1.10 ~ 1.20 again and be the fast response chlorine demand.
2. definite method of the fast response chlorine demand of chlorine residue decay behind the chlorination is characterized in that in the water according to claim 1, and in the step 1), the form of the described sodium hypochlorite hypochlorous sodium WS adds.
3. definite method of the fast response chlorine demand of chlorine residue decay behind the chlorination is characterized in that sodium hypochlorite concentration is 300mg/L ~ 1000mg/L in the described aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution in the water according to claim 2.
4. definite method of the fast response chlorine demand of chlorine residue decay behind the chlorination is characterized in that in the water according to claim 1, in the step 1), in the water of need sterilization, adds sodium hypochlorite and is mixed with total initial residual chlorine concentration C
0The water of disinfecting for 1.1mg/L ~ 1.7mg/L may further comprise the steps:
A) water that will sterilize is added in the brown bottle, and brown bottle is placed in the constant temperature oven, and temperature constant is controlled at 10 ℃ ~ 25 ℃ certain value in the interval, uses the thermometer measure water temperature at a distance from 10min ~ 30min, reaches stable until temperature, obtains pretreated water;
B) measure the 100ml pure water with clean beaker, in pure water, add sodium hypochlorite reagent, be made into the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution that sodium hypochlorite concentration is 300mg/L ~ 1000mg/L with the 1ml transfer pipet;
C) add in the pretreated water in step a) that sodium hypochlorite concentration is the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution of 300mg/L ~ 1000mg/L in the step b), be mixed with total initial residual chlorine concentration C
0The water of disinfecting for 1.1mg/L ~ 1.7mg/L.
5. definite method of the fast response chlorine demand of chlorine residue decay behind the chlorination is characterized in that in the step a), temperature constant is controlled at 13 ℃ ~ 19 ℃ certain value in the interval in the water according to claim 4.
6. definite method of the fast response chlorine demand of chlorine residue decay behind the chlorination is characterized in that in the water according to claim 4, and in the step b), it is 5% ~ 15% aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution that described sodium hypochlorite reagent adopts free chlorine weight percentage.
7. definite method of the fast response chlorine demand of chlorine residue decay behind the chlorination is characterized in that step 2 in the water according to claim 1) in, between the described different time t the time be divided into 5min ~ 60min.
8. definite method of the fast response chlorine demand of chlorine residue decay behind the chlorination is characterized in that step 2 in the water according to claim 1) in, the quantity of described different time t is more than 10.
9. definite method of the fast response chlorine demand of chlorine residue decay behind the chlorination in the water according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Step 2) in, described different time t is 5min, 10min, 15min, 25min, 35min, 65min, 95min, 125min, 155min, 185min, 215min, 245min, 305min, 365min, the 425min after adding sodium hypochlorite.
10. definite method of the fast response chlorine demand of chlorine residue decay behind the chlorination is characterized in that step 2 in the water according to claim 1) in, described adjustment coefficient is 1.15.
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| CN111470608A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-07-31 | 河海大学 | Midway chlorine supplementing optimization method for long-distance drinking water transmission and distribution pipe network |
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| CN108414465A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-08-17 | 清华大学 | The measurement and prediction technique of chlorine active material and Chlorine Decay in a kind of recycled water |
| CN108414465B (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2020-07-10 | 清华大学 | Method for measuring and predicting chlorine active substances and residual chlorine attenuation in reclaimed water |
| CN108975467A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-11 | 苏州市自来水有限公司 | Secondary chlorination method based on current age of the node |
| CN108975467B (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2021-10-01 | 苏州市自来水有限公司 | Secondary chlorination method based on node water age |
| CN110204021A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-09-06 | 清华大学 | A kind of water,tap water quality support method based on user feedback |
| CN110362963A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-10-22 | 青岛理工大学 | A kind of throwing chlorine method regenerating water sterilization |
| CN111470608A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-07-31 | 河海大学 | Midway chlorine supplementing optimization method for long-distance drinking water transmission and distribution pipe network |
| CN113571135A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-10-29 | 上海陌果科技有限公司 | Water age detection method based on parallel first-level model |
| CN113651402A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-16 | 哈尔滨天达控制股份有限公司 | Water treatment chlorination control method and device |
| CN113651402B (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2022-03-08 | 哈尔滨天达控制股份有限公司 | Water treatment chlorination control method and device |
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