CN102706497A - Rapid milling force measurement, identification and simulation calculation system - Google Patents
Rapid milling force measurement, identification and simulation calculation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102706497A CN102706497A CN201210150274XA CN201210150274A CN102706497A CN 102706497 A CN102706497 A CN 102706497A CN 201210150274X A CN201210150274X A CN 201210150274XA CN 201210150274 A CN201210150274 A CN 201210150274A CN 102706497 A CN102706497 A CN 102706497A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rapid milling force measurement, identification and simulation calculation system, which comprises hardware and software, wherein the hardware comprises a bearing platform, a three-way force sensor, a bearing base, an aviation interface plug, a signal amplifier, an aviation power supply and a data acquisition card, and the software comprises a milling force collection module, a milling force identification module and a milling force simulation module; the upper end surface of the three-way force sensor is connected with the bearing platform, the bottom of the three-way force sensor is connected with the bearing base, a data connecting wire of the bearing base is connected with the three-way force sensor through one end of the aviation interface plug, and the other end of the aviation interface plug is connected with the signal amplifier; and a signal output end of the signal amplifier is connected with an input of the data acquisition card and an output of the aviation power supply, an output USB (universal serial bus) interface of the data acquisition card is connected with the milling force collection model, the data of the milling force collection module provide milling force data for the milling force identification module, milling force coefficients are calculated by the milling force identification module, and the milling force simulation module can realize the rapid forecasting of the size of the milling force through the relation between the milling force coefficients and parameters.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of quick Milling Force measurement, identification and simulation calculation system,, carry out identification and calculate the Milling Force coefficient, realize the accurate prediction of the Milling Force under the arbitrary parameter through the Milling Force of the workpiece under the different milling parameters of this systematic survey.Based on the application of this system, can obtain under any milling parameter, sextuple Milling Force coefficient and three-dimensional emulation Milling Force value the invention belongs to high-accuracy working research and detection technique field.
(2) background technology
The milling parameter is as influencing one of key factor of machined surface quality, changes to have directly with Milling Force and gets in touch, and the size of Milling Force is all influential to a great extent to the wearing and tearing and the breakage of stability, workpiece surface quality and the cutter of process; And the selection of milling parameter is unreasonable; Can make Milling Force excessive, produce the cutter relieving distortion, or cause the vibration of cutter; Make the surface generate chatter mark; Not only seriously influence surperficial crudy, and needed polishing for the second time, reduced the efficient of processing widely.For a long time; Although people are accumulating comparatively rich experience data aspect the milling parameter of selecting processing; But the condition of the combination of lathe-cutter-workpiece changes, and many empirical parameters just be not suitable for, and have especially introduced a large amount of advanced persons' numerical control device in current domestic manufacturing enterprise; But owing to lack the effective ways and the instrument of milling selection of parameter; The data that can only rely on external lathe and cutter manufacturer to provide are carried out reference, can not give full play to the due usefulness of sophisticated equipment, have restricted manufacturing development largely.So, invent and a kind ofly can in the actual production process, can obtain Milling Force coefficient accurately through simple measurement, realize then the system that the carrying out of the quick Milling Force under any milling parameter accurately predicted is just seemed particularly necessary.
(3) summary of the invention
1, purpose: the object of the invention is exactly for a kind of quick Milling Force measurement, identification and simulation calculation system are provided; It has overcome the deficiency of prior art; Realize the identification and the emulation integrated function of Milling Force of milling force measurement, Milling Force coefficient, can also fast, accurately go out the important parameter in the process such as cutter distortion, tool displacement, stress.
2, technical scheme: a kind of quick Milling Force measurement of the present invention, identification and simulation calculation system; It is made up of hardware and software two parts; Hardware components is made up of load platform, three-dimensional force transducer, load base, aviation interface plug, signal amplifier, space flight power supply, data collecting card, and software section is made up of Milling Force collection, Milling Force identification and Milling Force emulation module.
Position annexation between them is: the upper surface of three-dimensional force transducer is connected with the load platform; The three-dimensional force transducer bottom links to each other with the load base, and the data bus connection of three-dimensional force transducer is connected with three-dimensional force transducer through aviation interface plug one end, and the other end is connected with signal amplifier; The signal output part of signal amplifier is connected with the output of space flight power supply with the data collecting card input jointly.The output USB interface of data collecting card links to each other with Milling Force acquisition module in the computer.The data of Milling Force acquisition module provide 9 groups of Milling Force data for the Milling Force recognition module, and the Milling Force recognition module is calculated the Milling Force coefficient, and the Milling Force emulation module is realized Milling Force size fast prediction through Milling Force coefficient and milling relationship between parameters.Specifically can be with reference to figure 1.
Said load platform is the square-shaped metal plate, and the platform upper surface is many group threaded holes, and major function will be fixed on the load platform by the milling workpiece, be connected with three-dimensional force transducer, play the transfer function of power.Its major function in order to three-dimensional force transducer after holding any three received strength and changing, the voltage output of corresponding linear scaling is arranged.
The square betal can that said load base is interior sky; Major function: play the protection three-dimensional force transducer on the one hand; Prevent that liquid coolant and smear metal are splashed to influence is measured on the three-dimensional force transducer quality and precision; As connecting three-dimensional force transducer and workbench (lathe platform) member that is connected arbitrarily, play the load effect on the other hand.
Said data collecting card is rectangle, and length is respectively 145mm*120mm*20mm, and major function is in order to carry out acquisition process to the voltage signal that obtains.
Said signal amplifier is a rectangle, and length is respectively 110mm*75mm*50mm, and voltage signal is amplified to the V level from the mV level, convenient accurately processing.
Said space flight power supply is a rectangle, and length is respectively 100mm*60mm*45mm, improves the DC voltage of 0-10V for signal amplifier.
Said three-dimensional force transducer is commercial that selects for use as required.
Said aviation interface plug is standard six core plugs, is used to connect the interface between the data line of each equipment.
Software section is the exploitation of VB program language, and major function is used for the data of Milling Force are gathered, the copying of identification of Milling Force coefficient and Milling Force size.
Wherein, the physical dimension of load platform is: long is 150mm, and wide is 150mm, thick 15mm;
Wherein, the physical dimension of load base is: long is 165mm, and wide is 165mm, thick 8mm;
Wherein, the quantity of aviation interface plug is 16, and model is HZ-8500;
Wherein, the model of three-dimensional force transducer is 8219A;
Wherein, the model of this signal amplifier is DFL-3;
Wherein, the model of this data collecting card is INV306U-5160.
The principle of work of whole invention: workpiece receives the effect of Milling Force in Milling Processes; Workpiece will bear Milling Force and be passed to three-dimensional force transducer; The flexible member of three-dimensional force transducer produces distortion; Foil gauge on the flexible member is because the variation that its distortion has produced voltage signal through collection, calculating and the analyzing and processing to signal, just can realize Milling Force measurement, the identification of milling coefficient and the emulation of Milling Force.Concrete hardware collection and computed in software principle are following:
1. the principle of three-dimensional Milling Force sensor hardware
Three-dimensional force transducer mainly is made up of two parts: outer jointing jacket and flexible member, outer jointing jacket mainly play a part to support, protect flexible member and sealing, post foil gauge on the flexible member, play response and experience milling process to produce power.
(1) cloth sheet mode
Measure Milling Force and side force part: eight of cloth symmetrically on two orthogonal directions, the foil gauge direction direction that all parallels to the axis.Like the A among Fig. 2, A ', B, B ', E, E ', F, F ' (symmetry direction)
Measure the axial force part: cloth is four on same circumference, wherein two parallel and axis symmetric positions, and two perpendicular to the axis direction symmetric position, like the C among Fig. 2, C ', D, D ' in addition
(2) group bridge mode
Below paste 12 foil gauges altogether, form three full-bridges, respectively measured X, Y, Z.Z measures bridge See Figure 3 (a) to power, and X, Y measure bridge See Figure 3 (b) to power
Adopt the full-bridge mode can realize temperature compensation and increase electric bridge output signal.The axial force of Z direction is measured the influence that bridge has been eliminated moment of flexure, also can accurately measure for the axial force of off-centre.Directions X Milling Force and Y direction Milling Force are measured the influence that bridge has then been eliminated axial force, and the output signal of an electric bridge directions X Milling Force is relevant with Y direction Milling Force size, and irrelevant with arm of force length, both this bridge had constant calibration coefficient.
(3) three-dimensional force transducer is realized three-dimensional power measuring principle
See Fig. 4, directions X Fx Milling Force, Y direction Milling Force Fy, Z direction Milling Force Fz, the eccentric moment M that produces are arranged on the three-dimensional force transducer, and because the temperature stress T that temperature variation causes (regulation: tension is for just, and compressive stress is for bearing).Know that by the mechanics of materials each power is respectively in the strain of respectively answering sheet to produce:
F
z：ε
Az=ε
A′z=ε
Bz=ε
Bz=-ε
z
F
y:ε
Ay=-ε
A′y=F
yL
a/(E-W
1)
ε
By＝-ε
B′y＝F
yL
b/(E-W
1)
Fx:ε
Ax＝-ε
A′x＝ε
Bx＝ε
B′x＝0
M：ε
AM=-ε
A′M=ε
BM=-ε
B′M=ε
M
T：ε
AT＝ε
A′T＝ε
BT＝ε
B′T＝ε
T
Superposition principle by power can obtain the strain on each foil gauge:
ε
A=ε
Ax+ε
Ay+ε
AM+ε
AT+ε
Az
Various substitution gets more than inciting somebody to action:
ε
A=F
yL
a/(E-W
1)-ε
M+ε
x+ε
T
In like manner:
ε
A′＝F
yL
a/(E-W
1)-ε
M-ε
x+ε
T
ε
B=F
yL
b/(E-W
1)-ε
M+ε
x+ε
T
ε
B′=-F
yL
b/(E-W
1)-ε
M-ε
x+ε
T
Foil gauge A, A ', B, B ' composition one full-bridge
By electric bridge with the difference characteristic must this bridge the output strain be:
ε=ε
A+ε
B-ε
A′-ε
B′
Various substitution gets more than inciting somebody to action:
ε＝2（L
b-L
a）F
y/(E-W
1)
(L in the formula
b-L
a) be the distance between foil gauge A, the B, be constant, E, W
1Be respectively the elastic modulus and the module of anti-bending section of material, both are constant.
So the output of this bridge only is directly proportional with Y direction power, and have nothing to do with directions X, Z direction, moment of flexure, temperature and length.
Other direction force measurement principle is identical therewith.
2. the identification of Milling Force coefficient and calculate the emulation principle
Milling Force is one of key factor of research Milling Process mechanism, and in Milling Processes, Milling Force Model is set up according to blade shapes and parameter usually, and the present invention mainly adopts cylindrical screw face cutter model to calculate.The basis of Milling Force identification is under different milling parameter conditions, to obtain the size of Milling Force respectively; Identification calculating formula through 6 parameters; Obtain 6 set of equations and find the solution, obtain the Milling Force coefficient, but obtain the parameters such as characteristic that Milling Force coefficient comprehensive representation goes out cutter.Concrete calculating as follows:
According to Fig. 5 milling cutter is in axial direction got and highly to be the infinitesimal of dz, the tangential force dF on the spiral infinitesimal so
t, radial force dF
rAnd axial force dF
aCan represent by formula (1),
After carrying out changes in coordinates, Instantaneous Milling Force is carried out integration find the solution, obtain following formula,
With digging angle φ
1=0, cut out angle φ
2Obtain formula (3) behind=90 substitution following formulas
Through (3) formula, when the size of known every group of Milling Force just can instead be released the Milling Force COEFFICIENT K
Tc, K
RcEquivalent.
Can obtain the Milling Force coefficient of different milling conditions.
The emulation of Milling Force size is brought the Milling Force coefficient that obtains in (1) formula into, for the parameter of given arbitrarily milling condition milling cutter, cut wide, cutting-in, can obtain the value of any Milling Force.
3, advantage and effect
The present invention is a kind of quick Milling Force measurement, identification and simulation calculation system, can realize predicting the Milling Force size of different milling parameters.Its advantage be can the interior frequency of emulation 0-1500Hz (0-20000r/min) and 0-15000N in the three-dimensional Milling Force of any size, through the method for Milling Force identification, the confirming of Rapid Realization Milling Force coefficient.Through the milling coefficient after the identification, but simulation and prediction goes out the size of the Milling Force under any milling parameter.The size of Milling Force is verified the rationality of machined parameters, thereby is realized the milling Parameter Optimization.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the one-piece construction synoptic diagram of a kind of quick Milling Force measurement of the present invention, identification and simulation calculation system
Fig. 2 is the patch location figure of flexible member foil gauge of the present invention
Fig. 3 (a) is the synoptic diagram that Z direction foil gauge is arranged
Fig. 3 (b) is X, the synoptic diagram that Y direction foil gauge is arranged
Fig. 4 is the stressed synoptic diagram of flexible member of the present invention
Fig. 5 (a) bears the synoptic diagram of three-dimensional force for milling cutter
Fig. 5 (b) is the synoptic diagram of the holding capacity of unit, milling cutter cross section
The login interface of Fig. 6 (a) software;
Fig. 6 (b) Milling Force signals collecting interface;
Fig. 6 (c) Milling Force coefficient identification interface;
Fig. 6 (d) Milling Force emulation interface.
Symbol description among Fig. 1 is following:
1 load platform; 2 three-dimensional force transducers; 3 load bases; 4 aviation interface plugs; 5 signal amplifiers; 6 space flight power supplys; 7 data collecting cards; 8 Milling Force collections, identification and emulation module;
Symbol description among Fig. 2 is following:
A, B, C, A, B ', C ', D, E, F represent the foil gauge on the three-dimensional force transducer
Symbol description among Fig. 3 is following:
A, B, C, A ', B ', C ', D represent the foil gauge on the three-dimensional force transducer; U representes supply voltage.
Symbol description among Fig. 4 is following:
Fy representes the power of Y direction, and Fx representes the Milling Force of directions X, and Fz representes the Milling Force of Z direction; A, B represent the foil gauge on the three-dimensional force transducer; L
a, L
bExpression foil gauge A and B are to the distance at the top of flexible member.
Symbol description among Fig. 5 is following:
X, Y, Z represent three directions; Dz representes the differentiation element along tool orientation; DFr, dFa, dFt represent on the unit radially Milling Force, axially Milling Force and tangential Milling Force; Fx (φ), Fy (φ) expression unit, cross section X and Y direction Milling Force; FrFt representes radially Milling Force and the tangential Milling Force on the cross section; Ae representes cutting-in; N representes rotating speed
(5) embodiment
Specify embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
See Fig. 1, a kind of quick Milling Force measurement of the present invention, identification and simulation calculation system, it is made up of hardware and software two parts; Hardware is by load platform 1, three-dimensional force transducer 2, load base 3; Signal amplifier 5, space flight power supply 6, data collecting card 7 is formed with aviation interface plug 4.See Fig. 6 (a)-Fig. 6 (d), software section is made up of Milling Force collection, identification and emulation module 8.Position annexation between them is: the upper surface of three-dimensional force transducer 2 is connected with load platform 1; Three-dimensional force transducer 2 bottoms link to each other with load base 3, and data bus connection one end of three-dimensional force transducer 2 is connected with the aviation interface plug 4 of three-dimensional force transducer 2, and the other end is connected with signal amplifier 5; The output terminal of signal amplifier 5 links to each other with data collecting card 7 inputs and is connected jointly with the output of space flight power supply 6.The output USB interface of data collecting card 7 links to each other with Milling Force collection, identification and emulation module 8 in the computer.Software section is made up of the collection of software Milling Force, identification and emulation module 8; After getting into software systems; Utilize the Milling Force function of software that milling milling experimentation is surveyed and gathered earlier, obtain 6 groups of Milling Force data after the collection, calculate the Milling Force coefficient by the discriminating function of software; Utilize the milling copying to obtain Milling Force coefficient and milling relationship between parameters at last, realize Milling Force size high-speed simulation and prediction.Fig. 2 is the patch location figure of flexible member foil gauge of the present invention; Fig. 3 (a) is the synoptic diagram that Z direction foil gauge is arranged, Fig. 3 (b) is X, the synoptic diagram that Y direction foil gauge is arranged; Fig. 4 is the stressed synoptic diagram of flexible member of the present invention; Fig. 5 (a) bears the synoptic diagram of three-dimensional force for milling cutter, and Fig. 5 (b) is the synoptic diagram of the holding capacity of unit, milling cutter cross section.
Said load platform 1 is the square-shaped metal plate, and long is 150mm, and wide is 150mm, thick 15mm, and the platform upper surface is many group threaded holes, major function will be fixed on the load platform 1 by the milling workpiece, is connected with three-dimensional force transducer 2, plays the transfer function of power.
The pressure signal digital display meter of said three-dimensional force transducer 2 is to be cylindrical shape; Diameter is 70; Length is the voltage signal that 120, three data output terminals are exported directions X, Y direction, Z direction respectively, and supply voltage is 10V; Major function in order to three-dimensional force transducer after holding any three received strength and changing, the voltage output of corresponding linear scaling is arranged.
Said load base 3 is the square betal can of interior sky; Long is 165mm, and wide is 165mm, thick 8mm; Major function: play protection three-dimensional force transducer 2 on the one hand; Prevent that liquid coolant and smear metal are splashed on the three-dimensional force transducer 2 quality and precision that influence is measured, as connecting three-dimensional force transducer 2 member that is connected with load platform 1, play the load effect on the other hand.
Said data collecting card 7 is rectangle, and length is respectively 145mm*120mm*20mm, and major function is in order to carry out acquisition process to the voltage signal that obtains.
Said signal amplifier 5 is a rectangle, and length is respectively 110mm*75mm*50mm, and voltage signal is amplified to the V level from the mV level, convenient accurately processing.
Said space flight power supply 6 is a rectangle, and length is respectively 100mm*60mm*45mm, improves the DC voltage of 0-10V for signal amplifier.
Said aviation interface plug 4 is standard six core plugs, is used to connect the interface between the data line of each equipment.
Software systems are Milling Force collection, identification and emulation module 8, and it is the exploitation of VB program language, and major function is used for the data of Milling Force are gathered, the copying of identification of Milling Force coefficient and Milling Force size.
Wherein, the quantity of aviation interface plug 4 is 16, and model is HZ-8500;
Wherein, the model of three-dimensional force transducer 2 is 8219A;
Wherein, the model of this signal amplifier 5 is DFL-3;
Wherein, the model of this data collecting card 7 is INV306U-5160.
Claims (7)
1. a quick Milling Force measurement, identification and simulation calculation system; It is characterized in that: it is made up of hardware and software two parts; Hardware components is made up of load platform, three-dimensional force transducer, load base, aviation interface plug, signal amplifier, space flight power supply and data collecting card, and software section is made up of Milling Force collection, Milling Force identification and Milling Force emulation module; The upper surface of three-dimensional force transducer is connected with the load platform; The three-dimensional force transducer bottom links to each other with the load base, and the data bus connection of three-dimensional force transducer is connected with three-dimensional force transducer through aviation interface plug one end, and the other end is connected with signal amplifier; The signal output part of signal amplifier is connected with the output of space flight power supply with the data collecting card input jointly; The output USB interface of data collecting card links to each other with Milling Force acquisition module in the computer; The data of Milling Force acquisition module provide 9 groups of Milling Force data for the Milling Force recognition module, and the Milling Force recognition module is calculated the Milling Force coefficient, and the Milling Force emulation module is realized Milling Force size fast prediction through Milling Force coefficient and milling relationship between parameters;
Said load platform is the square-shaped metal plate, and the platform upper surface is connected with three-dimensional force transducer for many group threaded holes are used for be fixed on the load platform by the milling workpiece, plays the transfer function of power; Its function be used for three-dimensional force transducer bearing after any three-dimensional power changes, the voltage output of corresponding linear scaling is arranged;
The square betal can that said load base is interior sky; Play the protection three-dimensional force transducer on the one hand; Prevent that liquid coolant and smear metal are splashed to influence is measured on the three-dimensional force transducer quality and precision; As connecting the three-dimensional force transducer member that is connected with workbench arbitrarily, play the load effect on the other hand;
Said data collecting card is rectangle, and length is respectively 145mm*120mm*20mm, and its function is used for the voltage signal that obtains is carried out acquisition process;
Said signal amplifier is a rectangle, and length is respectively 110mm*75mm*50mm, and voltage signal is amplified to the V level from the mV level, convenient accurately processing;
Said space flight power supply is a rectangle, and length is respectively 100mm*60mm*45mm, improves the DC voltage of 0-10V for signal amplifier;
Said three-dimensional force transducer is commercial that selects for use as required;
Said aviation interface plug is standard six core plugs, is used to connect the interface between the data line of each equipment;
Software section is Milling Force collection, Milling Force identification and Milling Force emulation module, and it is the exploitation of VB program language, and its function is used for the data of Milling Force are gathered, the copying of identification of Milling Force coefficient and Milling Force size.
2. a kind of quick Milling Force measurement according to claim 1, identification and simulation calculation system, it is characterized in that: the physical dimension of this load platform is: long is 150mm, and wide is 150mm, thick 15mm.
3. a kind of quick Milling Force measurement according to claim 1, identification and simulation calculation system, it is characterized in that: the physical dimension of this load base is: long is 165mm, and wide is 165mm, thick 8mm.
4. a kind of quick Milling Force measurement according to claim 1, identification and simulation calculation system, it is characterized in that: the quantity of this aviation interface plug is 16, model is HZ-8500.
5. a kind of quick Milling Force measurement according to claim 1, identification and simulation calculation system, it is characterized in that: the model of this three-dimensional force transducer is 8219A.
6. a kind of quick Milling Force measurement according to claim 1, identification and simulation calculation system, it is characterized in that: the model of this signal amplifier is DFL-3.
7. a kind of quick Milling Force measurement according to claim 1, identification and simulation calculation system, it is characterized in that: the model of this data collecting card is INV306U-5160.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103433807A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-12-11 | 上海理工大学 | Optimization method of milling force model technological parameters |
| CN107462358A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2017-12-12 | 徐工集团工程机械有限公司 | Simulating test device for surface milling cutter |
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| SU966219A1 (en) * | 1981-03-05 | 1982-10-15 | Томский Ордена Октябрьской Революции И Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Политехнический Институт Им.С.М.Кирова | Tool for directional drilling |
| CN102004818A (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2011-04-06 | 西北工业大学 | Instantaneous milling force modeling method in free curve shape part peripheral milling process |
| CN102136021A (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2011-07-27 | 西北工业大学 | Milling force modeling method for titanium alloy TC18 milling process |
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2012
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| SU966219A1 (en) * | 1981-03-05 | 1982-10-15 | Томский Ордена Октябрьской Революции И Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Политехнический Институт Им.С.М.Кирова | Tool for directional drilling |
| CN102004818A (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2011-04-06 | 西北工业大学 | Instantaneous milling force modeling method in free curve shape part peripheral milling process |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103433807A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-12-11 | 上海理工大学 | Optimization method of milling force model technological parameters |
| CN103433807B (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2016-03-09 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of optimization method of Milling Force Model technological parameter |
| CN107462358A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2017-12-12 | 徐工集团工程机械有限公司 | Simulating test device for surface milling cutter |
| CN107462358B (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2023-08-01 | 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司 | Simulation test device for surface milling cutter |
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|---|---|
| CN102706497B (en) | 2014-01-15 |
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