CN102703849A - Cored wire for preparing FeCrB coating through electric arc spraying and coating preparation method - Google Patents
Cored wire for preparing FeCrB coating through electric arc spraying and coating preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102703849A CN102703849A CN2012101595778A CN201210159577A CN102703849A CN 102703849 A CN102703849 A CN 102703849A CN 2012101595778 A CN2012101595778 A CN 2012101595778A CN 201210159577 A CN201210159577 A CN 201210159577A CN 102703849 A CN102703849 A CN 102703849A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cored wire for preparing a FeCrB coating through electric arc spraying and a coating preparation method, belonging to the field of thermal spraying in material processing engineering. Strips for manufacturing skins of wires are stainless steel belts; filling rate of the cored wire is 32-34%; fillers of a core of the cored wire is as follows: chromium metal powder, metallic iron powder and boron carbide powder, wherein the boron carbide powder contains 88 wt% of boron and 12 wt% of carbon; the prepared cored wire contains 18-28 wt% of Cr and 4-10 wt% of B. when the coating is prepared, a surface is processed at first, and then spraying is performed. The coating is featured with strong high-temperature resistance, oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance, high hardness and combination strength, and good mechanical property.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the field of thermal spray in the Materials Processing Engineering, is a kind of powder cored filament material that utilizes electric arc spraying process to prepare the FeCrB coating, and this invention is mainly used in resistance to wears and industrial circle such as high temperature oxidation corrosion resistance.
Background technology
In electric power factory equipment, boiler accounts for critical role, with turbine and generator nominal be " the three big main frames " of power plant.And meanwhile, boiler also is the multiple equipment of power plant's accident, and the non-programmed halt major part of fired power generating unit is caused that by it its accident occupation rate is more than 40% of whole unit, accounts for the majority of all non-programmed halt accidents.Wherein, boiler surface " four pipes " fault is to cause the first cause of boiler forced outage.Along with the raising of design and fabrication technology, the high temperature high-pressure resistant material development, big moulded coal electricity is to high-parameters, large vol, high-level efficiency and high-power station's development, and the security of operation and economy have also become the major issue that people pay close attention to
Wearing and tearing and the corrosion of coal-fired power station boiler " four pipes " in the high temperature Service Environment is its main form of invalidation, because spillage of material and unplanned blowing out that frequent booster is brought have caused high maintenance cost and enormous economic loss.Prepare protective coating through hot-spraying techniques at tube wall surface and can significantly improve its serviceability and work-ing life, reduce frequency of maintenance, thereby embody favorable economic benefit, be considered to the most effectively one of guard technology means of boiler " four pipes ".Than technology such as HVAFs, it is simple, with low cost and be suitable for advantage such as original position large-area construction that electric arc spraying has a processing unit, therefore accepted extensively and adopt by this field.Yet; In recent years along with the decline of ature of coal condition, the appearance of ultra-supercritical boiler and the widespread usage of solid waste combustion power generation technology etc.; The Service Environment of boiler " four pipes " is more abominable; Also the over-all properties of coated material especially corrosion resisting property is had higher requirement, designing and developing the new coating material becomes the hot issue of this area research to improve its protective capacities.
Through retrieval, have at present and see that Fe-Cr-B is the relevant report of hard surfacing electrode, is applied in the hardfacing field.But because its Cr constituent content is lower, under the high temperature oxidation and corrosion condition, can't form effective protective oxide layer, not have the effect of high temperature oxidation resisting corrosive.And in the weld deposit process for deoxidation and slag making, this welding rod that is need add Si element and Mn element, and mineral coating such as rhombspar, fluorite, rutile, so the complexity of cost and making is higher.Be used for the coated material of boiler " four pipes " protection at present, be mostly Ni base alloy system or the basic FeCrAl alloy system of Fe.And because Ni base alloy system cost is too high, FeCrAl ties up to and is easy to generate a large amount of interlevel oxidations in the thermal spray process and causes bonding strength to reduce, and therefore in application, all receives certain limitation.Do not see at present patent report about the powder cored filament material of electrical arc spraying method for preparing FeCrB high temperature oxidation resisting corrosion resistant coating.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to utilize electric arc spraying process to prepare the abrasion-proof corrosion-proof erosion resisting coating; To reach serviceability and the work-ing life that increases substantially boiler " four pipes "; Reduce frequency of maintenance, and a kind of powder cored filament material and coating production that is used for electrical arc spraying method for preparing FeCrB high temperature oxidation resisting corrosion resistant coating is provided.Coating high temperature oxidation resisting corrosive nature with powder cored filament material preparation of the present invention is strong, and hardness is high, and bonding strength is high, has the good mechanical performance, can improve the serviceability and the work-ing life of boiler " four pipes ", reduces frequency of maintenance.
A kind of powder cored filament material that is used for electrical arc spraying method for preparing FeCrB high temperature oxidation resisting corrosion resistant coating of the present invention is characterized in that: the used band of silk material crust is a Stainless Steel Band; The powder cored filament material filling ratio is 32%-34%; Preferred 33%; The weighting material of powder core is in the powder cored filament material: hafnium metal powfer, metal iron powder and boron carbide powder, and wherein the percentage composition of boron (B) is 88wt.% in the boron carbide powder, the percentage composition of carbon (C) is 12wt.%.The percentage composition of Cr element is 18-28wt.% in the obtained powder cored filament material, and the quality percentage composition of B element is 4-10wt.%.The diameter of powder cored filament material is 2.0mm, allows over/under tolerance in 0.03mm.
The used band of said powder cored filament material crust is a Stainless Steel Band, the preferred 304L Stainless Steel Band of said Stainless Steel Band.
In the preferred said powder cored filament material: Cr:23-28wt.%; B:6-10wt.%.
Further in the preferred said powder cored filament material: Cr:23-26wt.%; B:6-8wt.%.
Adopt the above-mentioned powder cored filament material of the present invention to prepare a kind of method of FeCrB coating, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
Step 1: matrix surface is carried out pre-treatment: matrix surface is after granularity 180 order sand paper pre-grinding, and utilizing granularity is that 60 orders palm fibre corundum carries out sandblasting, air pressure 0.5-0.6MPa, time 20s.
The said spraying coating process of step 2 is optimized, and spraying parameter is set at: voltage 30-32V; Electric current 190-200A; Spray distance: 200mm; Compressed air pressure: 0.5-0.6MPa.
Mechanical property, high temperature oxidation resisting corrosive nature and wear resisting property that a kind of FeCrB coating of the method for the invention preparation is had are that himself component determines.
The Fe element: in the earth's crust, occupy the higher quality mark, Fe base alloy has the excellent abrasive ability again when keeping high cost performance, be very suitable for preparing the material surface strengthening coating of using in the abominable Service Environment;
The Cr element: the Cr in the coating can form the Cr of continuous densification
2O
3Zone of oxidation significantly improves resistance to high temperature oxidation and erosion resistance, and coating is played a protective role.If the mass percent of Cr element in the powder cored filament material of the present invention too high, because the powder cored filament material filling ratio is limited, can't add the B element in right amount, causes the coating deoxidation not enough, and coating is fine and close inadequately, and is not enough to form the hard phase; If cross lowly, be not enough to form the protectiveness Cr of continuous effective on the top layer
2O
3Zone of oxidation causes coating high temperature oxidation resisting corrosive nature to descend;
The B element: because the price of pure boron powder is higher, therefore the form with norbide adds the B element in the powder core, can reduce cost greatly.And the C element, in spraying process, can and the B element together play deoxidation effect and by scaling loss; Generate gas; Because C element light weight, can be attached to topmost and preferentially carry out deoxidation, and the C content of introducing in the boron carbide powder is very low and it has carried out deoxidation and consumes; Therefore process coating after the ICP spectral detection does not find to contain in the coating C element.The B element plays desoxydatoin in spraying process, can make that the interlayer oxide compound reduces in a large number in the coating, improves coating quality and bonding strength.The B element can form M with Fe, Cr element
2B hard phase, and add the fusing point that an amount of B can reduce alloy and be beneficial to the formation small grains, improve coating hardness, increase wear resistance.If the mass percent of B element in the powder cored filament material of the present invention too high, can cause cracking after the coating cooling, is unfavorable for stopping the intrusion of oxygen and other corrosive elements; If cross lowly, the coating deoxidation is not enough, causes coating fine and close inadequately, and is not enough to form the hard phase.
Though each element in the coating all is conventional element, the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of coating is through the synergy decision of each element, is not the single-element decision, neither be only just available through the limited number of time test.
The present invention provides a kind of powder cored filament material and coating production that is used for electrical arc spraying method for preparing FeCrB high temperature oxidation resisting corrosion resistant coating.This powder cored filament material through electric arc spraying after material surface prepares coating, the FeCrB coating for preparing, bonding strength on average reaches 43MPa.Coating microhardness on average reaches 738HV
0.1Relative wear resistance is about 7 times of matrix Q235 steel.The high temperature oxidation resisting corrosive nature is good, and the oxidation kinetics curve is parabola rule, shows effectively to form protective oxide layer fast, resists further oxidation corrosion invasion and attack.Coating can improve the serviceability and the work-ing life of boiler " four pipes ".
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 embodiment 11 coating XRD figure appearance;
Fig. 2 embodiment 1-12 and Comparative Examples coating microhardness;
Fig. 3 embodiment 1-12 and Comparative Examples coating relative wear resistance;
Fig. 4 embodiment 2,6,11,12 and Comparative Examples coating high-temp oxidation experiment curve.
Embodiment
Further illustrate substantive distinguishing features of the present invention and remarkable advantage through embodiment below, the present invention only is confined to the embodiment that stated by no means.
Same section is described below among each embodiment:
Among the embodiment powder cored filament material crust to select specification for use be that (width is 12mm to 12 * 0.3mm; Thickness is 0.3mm) the 304L Stainless Steel Band; The weighting material of powder core is in the powder cored filament material: hafnium metal powfer, metal iron powder and boron carbide powder; Wherein the percentage composition of boron (B) is 88wt.% in the boron carbide powder, and the percentage composition of carbon (C) is 12wt.%.The composition of powder cored filament material specifies in an embodiment.Various powder are put into and are mixed powder machine mixing 10 minutes, then mixed powder are added in the 304L stainless steel belt groove of U-shaped.U-lag is healed up, makes medicinal powder parcel wherein, again through wortle gradually tube reducing make its diameter reach 2.0mm;
Matrix select for use Q235 (be of a size of 57 * 25 * 5mm) and adopt No. 45 steel according to the prepared tension specimen rod of the sample dimensions of defined among the GB GB9796-88 after granularity is 180 order sand paper pre-grinding; Adopting granularity is 60 orders palm fibre corundum; Gaseous tension 0.5-0.6MPa; Time length 20s carries out the sandblast roughening treatment to test specimen; 3. spraying parameter specifies in an embodiment, and abrasive wear, solidity to corrosion experiment are no more than 50 μ m with the each coating thickness of coating, spray to 500 μ m several times; In same embodiment, identical with abrasive wear, solidity to corrosion experiment preparation technology of coating parameter, each coating thickness is no more than 50 μ m to bonding strength test, sprays to 250 μ m several times with coating.
The material of getting the powder core with its mass percent is: chromium powder: 20.3%; Boron carbide powder: 15%; Iron powder: surplus; Filling ratio: 32%, rolling powder cored filament material.The used processing parameter of preparation coating: voltage 26-30V; Electric current 180-200A; Spray distance 190mm; Compressed air pressure 0.4-0.5MPa.Each constituent mass per-cent is in the coating that is obtained: Cr:18wt.%; B:4wt.%; Fe: surplus.
The material of getting the powder core with its mass percent is: chromium powder: 20%; Boron carbide powder: 13.7%; Iron powder: surplus; Filling ratio: 33%, rolling powder cored filament material.The used processing parameter of preparation coating: voltage 30-34V; Electric current 200-220A; Spray distance 200mm; Compressed air pressure 0.5-0.6MPa.Each constituent mass per-cent is in the coating that is obtained: Cr:18wt.%; B:4wt.%; Fe: surplus.
The material of getting the powder core with its mass percent is: chromium powder: 25.8%; Boron carbide powder: 20%; Iron powder: surplus; Filling ratio: 34%, rolling powder cored filament material.The used processing parameter of preparation coating: voltage 26-30V; Electric current 180-200A; Spray distance 190mm; Compressed air pressure 0.4-0.5MPa.Each constituent mass per-cent is in the coating that is obtained: Cr:20wt.%; B:6wt.%; Fe: surplus.
The material of getting the powder core with its mass percent is: chromium powder: 26.1%; Boron carbide powder: 20.6%; Iron powder: surplus; Filling ratio: 33%, rolling powder cored filament material.The used processing parameter of preparation coating: voltage 30-34V; Electric current 200-220A; Spray distance 200mm; Compressed air pressure 0.5-0.6MPa.Each constituent mass per-cent is in the coating that is obtained: Cr:20wt.%; B:6wt.%; Fe: surplus.
The material of getting the powder core with its mass percent is: chromium powder: 34.6%; Boron carbide powder: 23.4%; Iron powder: surplus; Filling ratio: 34%, rolling powder cored filament material.The used processing parameter of preparation coating: voltage 26-30V; Electric current 180-200A; Spray distance 190mm; Compressed air pressure 0.4-0.5MPa.Each constituent mass per-cent is in the coating that is obtained: Cr:23wt.%; B:7wt.%; Fe: surplus.
The material of getting the powder core with its mass percent is: chromium powder: 35.7%; Boron carbide powder: 24.9%; Iron powder: surplus; Filling ratio: 32%, rolling powder cored filament material.The used processing parameter of preparation coating: voltage 30-34V; Electric current 200-220A; Spray distance 200mm; Compressed air pressure 0.5-0.6MPa.Each constituent mass per-cent is in the coating that is obtained: Cr:23wt.%; B:7wt.%; Fe: surplus.
The material of getting the powder core with its mass percent is: chromium powder: 43.5%; Boron carbide powder: 26.7%; Iron powder: surplus; Filling ratio: 34%, rolling powder cored filament material.The used processing parameter of preparation coating: voltage 26-30V; Electric current 180-200A; Spray distance 190mm; Compressed air pressure 0.4-0.5MPa.Each constituent mass per-cent is in the coating that is obtained: Cr:26wt.%; B:8wt.%; Fe: surplus.
The material of getting the powder core with its mass percent is: chromium powder: 44.3%; Boron carbide powder: 27.5%; Iron powder: surplus; Filling ratio: 33%, rolling powder cored filament material.The used processing parameter of preparation coating: voltage 30-34V; Electric current 200-220A; Spray distance 200mm; Compressed air pressure 0.5-0.6MPa.Each constituent mass per-cent is in the coating that is obtained: Cr:26wt.%; B:8wt.%; Fe: surplus.
The material of getting the powder core with its mass percent is: chromium powder: 51.3%; Boron carbide powder: 35.5%; Iron powder: surplus; Filling ratio: 32%, rolling powder cored filament material.The used processing parameter of preparation coating: voltage 26-30V; Electric current 180-200A; Spray distance 190mm; Compressed air pressure 0.4-0.5Mpa.Each constituent mass per-cent is in the coating that is obtained: Cr:28wt.%; B:10wt.%; Fe: surplus.
The material of getting the powder core with its mass percent is: chromium powder: 50.3%; Boron carbide powder: 34.4%; Iron powder: surplus; Filling ratio: 33%, rolling powder cored filament material.The used processing parameter of preparation coating: voltage 30-34V; Electric current 200-220A; Spray distance 200mm; Compressed air pressure 0.5-0.6MPa.Each constituent mass per-cent is in the coating that is obtained: Cr:28wt.%; B:10wt.%; Fe: surplus.
The material of getting the powder core with its mass percent is: chromium powder: 44.3%; Boron carbide powder: 17.3%; Iron powder: surplus; Filling ratio: 33%, rolling powder cored filament material.The used processing parameter of preparation coating: voltage 30-34V; Electric current 200-220A; Spray distance 200mm; Compressed air pressure 0.5-0.6MPa.Each constituent mass per-cent is in the coating that is obtained: Cr:26wt.%; B:5wt.%; Fe: surplus.
Embodiment 12
The material of getting the powder core with its mass percent is: chromium powder: 40.5%; Boron carbide powder: 20%; Iron powder: surplus; Filling ratio: 34%, rolling powder cored filament material.The used processing parameter of preparation coating: voltage 30-34V; Electric current 200-220A; Spray distance 200mm; Compressed air pressure 0.5-0.6MPa.Each constituent mass per-cent is in the coating that is obtained: Cr:25wt.%; B:6wt.%; Fe: surplus.
Comparative Examples
Buy the solid silk of commercially available FeCrAl material as a comparison, its each component nominal mass per-cent is: Cr:25wt.%; Al:5wt.%; Fe: surplus.The used processing parameter of preparation coating: voltage 30-34V; Electric current 200-220A; Spray distance 200mm; Compressed air pressure 0.5-0.6MPa.
The prepared coating performance of each embodiment detects and is described below:
1. the prepared coating of embodiment is carried out analysis of porosity, adopt Image Pro Plus 6.0 image analysis software, utilize image method to analyze coating porosity, to estimate the coating density.Respectively the xsect of each embodiment manufactured coating is got five metallographs and calculate, and get its MV, see table 1.
2. the prepared coating of embodiment is carried out the bonding strength test; Standard is said carries out according to ASTM C633-79 (checking and approving again in 1993); Caking agent is selected SHANGHAI RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF SYNTHETIC RESINS made E-7 type thermal structure glue for use; The colloid proportioning provides according to specification sheets, and after 100 ℃/3h solidifies, carries out the bonding strength test, sees table 1.
3. the prepared coating of embodiment is carried out x-ray diffraction experiment, adopt D8ADVANCE type X-ray diffractometer to carry out.Test condition is: Cu target K α radiation, and voltage 40kV, electric current 50mA, diffraction angle (2 θ), useful range is 20～80 °, 0.02 ° of scanning step, temperature is 298K.
4. the prepared coating of embodiment is carried out micro-hardness testing, adopt the digital microhardness tester of HXD-1000TM, load 100g, loading time 15s, each embodiment coating is measured the microhardness values of 10 points and is averaged.
5. the prepared coating of embodiment is carried out wear-resistant experiment, adopt the wheeled grain-abrasion testing machine of MLS-225 type damp sand rubber to carry out.Test parameter is following: rubber wheel rotating speed: 240r/min, rubber wheel diameter: 178mm, rubber wheel hardness: 60 (that hardness continues), load 100N, rubber wheel revolution: pre-grinding 1000 is changeed, correct grinding 2000 changes, abrasive material: granularity 40-70 order silica sand.The material wear-resistant performance is weighed with the weight loss of wearing and tearing.Forward and backward in experiment, test specimen is put into the beaker that fills acetone soln, in ultrasonic washing instrument, cleaned 3-5 minute, in the experiment with Q235 steel sample as a comparison, measuring piece weight loss and control sample weight loss liken relative wear resistance to into this prescription.It is relative wear resistance ε=measuring piece weight loss/control sample weight loss.
6. the prepared coating of embodiment is carried out the high temperature oxidation experiment, only choose coating as sample, control sample is selected the Q235 steel for use, specification: 20 * 15 * 5mm; All samples are carried out high temperature oxidation experiment in 600 ℃ of air furnaces, take out behind every 10h, weigh after placing the air cooling, after the 200h round-robin test, obtain its unit surface weightening finish curve and final unit surface gain in weight.
The coating porosity and the microhardness of table 1 embodiment 1-12 gained
Claims (8)
1. powder cored filament material that is used for electrical arc spraying method for preparing FeCrB high temperature oxidation resisting corrosion resistant coating is characterized in that: the used band of silk material crust is a Stainless Steel Band; The powder cored filament material filling ratio is 32%-34%, and the weighting material of powder core is in the powder cored filament material: hafnium metal powfer, metal iron powder and boron carbide powder, and wherein the percentage composition of boron is 88wt.% in the boron carbide powder, the percentage composition of carbon is 12wt.%; The percentage composition of Cr element is 18-28wt.% in the obtained powder cored filament material, and the quality percentage composition of B element is 4-10wt.%.
2. the described a kind of powder cored filament material that is used for electrical arc spraying method for preparing FeCrB high temperature oxidation resisting corrosion resistant coating of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the diameter of powder cored filament material is 2.0mm, allows over/under tolerance in 0.03mm.
3. the described a kind of powder cored filament material that is used for electrical arc spraying method for preparing FeCrB high temperature oxidation resisting corrosion resistant coating of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the powder cored filament material filling ratio is 33%.
4. the described a kind of powder cored filament material that is used for electrical arc spraying method for preparing FeCrB high temperature oxidation resisting corrosion resistant coating of claim 1, it is characterized in that: Stainless Steel Band is the 304L Stainless Steel Band.
5. the described a kind of powder cored filament material that is used for electrical arc spraying method for preparing FeCrB high temperature oxidation resisting corrosion resistant coating of claim 1 is characterized in that: in the said powder cored filament material: Cr:23-28wt.%; B:6-10wt.%.
6. the described a kind of powder cored filament material that is used for electrical arc spraying method for preparing FeCrB high temperature oxidation resisting corrosion resistant coating of claim 1 is characterized in that: in the said powder cored filament material: Cr:23-26wt.%; B:6-8wt.%.
7. adopt the described powder cored filament material of claim 1 to prepare the method for FeCrB coating, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: matrix surface is carried out pre-treatment: matrix surface is after granularity 180 order sand paper pre-grinding, and utilizing granularity is that 60 orders palm fibre corundum carries out sandblasting, air pressure 0.5-0.6MPa, time 20s;
Step 2 adopts electric arc spraying process to prepare coating, and spraying parameter is: voltage 26-34V; Electric current 180-220A; Spray distance: 190-210mm; Compressed air pressure: 0.4-0.6MPa, the preparation coating.
8. the described method of claim 7 is characterized in that, the said spraying coating process of step 2 is: voltage 30-32V; Electric current 190-200A; Spray distance: 200mm; Compressed air pressure: 0.5-0.6MPa.
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| CN103343311A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2013-10-09 | 北京工业大学 | Boron-contained powder core wire material for preparing iron-based corrosion-resistant coating layer in electric arc spraying manner and preparation method of iron-based corrosion-resistant coating layer |
| CN104404427A (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2015-03-11 | 莱芜职业技术学院 | Preparation of powder cored wire material containing amorphous phase high wear resistant coating |
| CN104694840A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2015-06-10 | 有研粉末新材料（北京）有限公司 | Power core wire material for preparing crankshaft remanufacturing coating by virtue of electric arc spraying method and application of power core wire material |
| CN105648384A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-06-08 | 北京工业大学 | Cored wire used for preparing iron-based coating and coating preparation method of cored wire |
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| CN110216399A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-09-10 | 鞍钢未来钢铁研究院有限公司 | A kind of flux-cored wire and preparation method for laminar flow roller electric arc spraying |
| CN111676437A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-09-18 | 华东理工大学 | Powder core wire for in-situ synthesis of high-temperature erosion-resistant amorphous coating and application |
| CN112593182A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-02 | 沈阳大学 | Method for preparing boron nitride wear-resistant coating by thermal spraying |
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| CN103233195A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-08-07 | 北京工业大学 | Powder-core wire for preparing iron-base corrosion-resistant coating by arc spraying and preparation method of coating |
| CN103343311A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2013-10-09 | 北京工业大学 | Boron-contained powder core wire material for preparing iron-based corrosion-resistant coating layer in electric arc spraying manner and preparation method of iron-based corrosion-resistant coating layer |
| CN103343311B (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2015-10-14 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of boracic powder cored filament material and coating production preparing iron-based corrosion-resistant finishes for electric arc spraying |
| CN104694840A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2015-06-10 | 有研粉末新材料（北京）有限公司 | Power core wire material for preparing crankshaft remanufacturing coating by virtue of electric arc spraying method and application of power core wire material |
| CN104694840B (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2017-02-01 | 有研粉末新材料（北京）有限公司 | Power core wire material for preparing crankshaft remanufacturing coating by virtue of electric arc spraying method and application of power core wire material |
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Application publication date: 20121003 |