CN102703772A - Method for preparing ZL114A aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry by using pulsed magnet field - Google Patents
Method for preparing ZL114A aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry by using pulsed magnet field Download PDFInfo
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000737 Duralumin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010099 solid forming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种用脉冲磁场制备ZL114A铝合金半固态浆料的方法。 The invention relates to a method for preparing ZL114A aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry by using a pulsed magnetic field.
背景技术 Background technique
由于具有产品质量和性能高、工艺节能、近（净）成形等独特的优点，半固态成形技术被誉为21世纪最具前途的金属材料加工技术之一。半固态成形技术分为触变成形和流变成形两大类。不论是触变成形还是流变成形，都包含有半固态制浆及半固态成形两部分，其中，制浆是整个过程的基础和关键，如何稳定、有效地制备出具有圆整、细小、均匀的非枝晶组织的半固态浆料成为半固态加工技术领域的研究热点。目前主要的半固态浆料制备方法有：机械搅拌法、电磁搅拌法、应力诱发熔体激活法(SIMA)、近液相线铸造法、高能超声振动法等。各类制浆方法各有特点，但目前大多还只是停留在实验室研究阶段，在工业中获得应用的很少。因此仍需提出新的半固态金属浆料的制备与成形技术，以便简化工艺、降低生产成本、实现规模化工业生产。 Due to its unique advantages such as high product quality and performance, process energy saving, and near (net) forming, semi-solid forming technology is known as one of the most promising metal material processing technologies in the 21st century. Semi-solid forming technology is divided into two categories: thixoforming and rheoforming. Whether it is thixotropy or rheology, both include semi-solid pulping and semi-solid forming. Among them, pulping is the basis and key of the whole process. How to stably and effectively prepare round, fine and small The semi-solid slurry with uniform non-dendritic structure has become a research hotspot in the field of semi-solid processing technology. At present, the main semi-solid slurry preparation methods are: mechanical stirring method, electromagnetic stirring method, stress-induced melt activation method (SIMA), near-liquidus casting method, high-energy ultrasonic vibration method, etc. Various pulping methods have their own characteristics, but most of them are still in the laboratory research stage, and few of them have been applied in industry. Therefore, it is still necessary to propose a new preparation and forming technology of semi-solid metal paste in order to simplify the process, reduce production costs, and realize large-scale industrial production.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种用脉冲磁场制备ZL114A铝合金半固态浆料的方法，它具有工艺简单，能耗和成本低，利用该方法可获得经济、快捷、高效、优质的ZL114A铝合金半固态浆料。 The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing ZL114A aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry with pulsed magnetic field. solid slurry.
本发明是这样来实现的，一种用脉冲磁场制备ZL114A铝合金半固态浆料的方法，ZL114A铝合金的成分按重量含量为Si 6.5%～7.0%，Mg 0.55%～0.60%，Ti 0.1%～0.2%，Be 0.04%～0.07%，Fe 0.12%，其他0.30%，余量为Al，其特征在于，所述制备方法：将熔炼好的ZL114A铝合金熔体浇注到预热好的不锈钢坩埚内，再降温至液相线温度以上0～30℃，然后开启脉冲磁场发生装置对ZL114A合金熔体施加脉冲磁场振荡处理，其中，脉冲磁场频率为1～15Hz，脉冲磁场电压为10～250V，脉冲磁场处理时，合金熔体的冷却速度为0.1～2℃/s，脉冲磁场处理温度范围为合金液相线以上0～30℃，至液相线以下5～35℃结束脉冲磁场处理，脉冲磁场处理时间为0.5～6分钟，具体处理时间及结束处理温度根据产品对固相率的需要而定，然后再保温1～5分钟后，得到半固态合金浆料；所述脉冲磁场频率以10Hz为最佳；所述脉冲磁场电压以250V为最佳；所述脉冲磁场处理时间以2.5分钟为最佳；脉冲磁场处理结束后，所述合金熔液保温时间以3分钟为最佳。 The present invention is achieved in this way, a method for preparing ZL114A aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry with a pulsed magnetic field, the composition of the ZL114A aluminum alloy is Si 6.5% to 7.0%, Mg 0.55% to 0.60%, and Ti 0.1% by weight ～0.2%, Be 0.04%～0.07%, Fe 0.12%, others 0.30%, and the balance is Al. It is characterized in that the preparation method is: pouring the smelted ZL114A aluminum alloy melt into a preheated stainless steel crucible Inside, then lower the temperature to 0-30°C above the liquidus temperature, and then turn on the pulse magnetic field generator to apply pulse magnetic field oscillation treatment to the ZL114A alloy melt, wherein the frequency of the pulse magnetic field is 1-15Hz, and the voltage of the pulse magnetic field is 10-250V. During the pulsed magnetic field treatment, the cooling rate of the alloy melt is 0.1-2°C/s, the temperature range of the pulsed magnetic field treatment is 0-30°C above the liquidus line of the alloy, and the pulsed magnetic field treatment is ended at 5-35°C below the liquidus line. The magnetic field treatment time is 0.5 to 6 minutes. The specific treatment time and the end treatment temperature are determined according to the needs of the product for the solid phase ratio, and then after 1 to 5 minutes of heat preservation, the semi-solid alloy slurry is obtained; The optimal pulse magnetic field voltage is 250V; the optimal pulse magnetic field treatment time is 2.5 minutes; after the pulse magnetic field treatment is completed, the alloy melt holding time is optimal for 3 minutes.
本发明的技术效果是：本发明不仅工艺简单，高效低能耗，而且采用本发明能够制备出优质的ZL114A铝合金半固态浆料，它具有初生相晶粒组织细小，分布均匀的近球状半固态浆料，且设备简单，操作简便易行，安全可靠，节约成本和投资，无三废污染。 The technical effect of the present invention is: the present invention is not only simple in process, high in efficiency and low in energy consumption, but also high-quality ZL114A aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry can be prepared by adopting the present invention, which has a nearly spherical semi-solid with fine primary phase grain structure and uniform distribution slurry, and the equipment is simple, easy to operate, safe and reliable, saving cost and investment, and no three wastes pollution.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明脉冲磁场制备ZL114A铝合金半固态浆料的装置结构示意图。 Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for preparing ZL114A aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry by a pulsed magnetic field according to the present invention.
图2 为本发明不同脉冲磁场频率对ZL114A铝合金半固态浆料的显微组织的影响线性关系图。 Figure 2 is a linear relationship diagram of the influence of different pulsed magnetic field frequencies of the present invention on the microstructure of the ZL114A aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry.
图3为本发明不同脉冲磁场电压对ZL114A铝合金半固态浆料的显微组织的影响线性关系图。 Fig. 3 is a linear relationship diagram of the influence of different pulsed magnetic field voltages on the microstructure of the ZL114A aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry according to the present invention.
图4为最终获得的ZL114A铝合金半固态浆料的显微组织图。 Fig. 4 is a microstructure diagram of the finally obtained ZL114A aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry.
在图中，1、热电偶；2、合金熔体室；3、不锈钢坩埚4、 陶瓷保护套5、加热炉6、脉冲磁场发生线圈。
In the figure, 1. Thermocouple; 2. Alloy melt chamber; 3. Stainless steel crucible 4. Ceramic protective cover 5.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合实施例以及附图对本发明做详细阐述， Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail,
将ZL114A铝合金在电阻炉5中熔化，在合金熔体室2升温至730℃，精炼、除气并保温10分钟，然后将适量的合金熔液浇注到已经预热好的不锈钢坩埚3内。利用热电偶1和加热炉5控制温度，将合金熔液温度控制在630℃左右，开启脉冲磁场发生线圈6对合金熔液进行脉冲磁场振荡处理。脉冲磁场工艺参数为：脉冲磁场电压为250V，脉冲磁场频率为10Hz。合金熔液的冷却速度为0.1～2℃/s。处理时间为2.5分钟。待温度降到600℃左右时，结束脉冲磁场处理后，然后再保温3分钟后，获得ZL114A铝合金半固态浆料。
Melt the ZL114A aluminum alloy in the resistance furnace 5, raise the temperature to 730°C in the
冷却后的试样在中部沿垂直于轴线剖开，在1/2高度的横截面中心部位取样制备金相试样。经研磨、抛光后，选用三酸水溶液(HNO3 : 2.5 %； HCl : 1.5 %；HF :1 %；H2O :95 %) 对抛光后的试样进行10-25s 的腐蚀。用扫描电镜观察其组织，应用Image Pro Plus 6.0进行图像处理和定量分析，主要参数为等效直径和平均圆度系数。 The cooled sample is cut in the middle along the perpendicular to the axis, and the metallographic sample is prepared by sampling at the center of the cross-section at 1/2 height. After grinding and polishing, use tri-acid aqueous solution (HNO 3 : 2.5 %; HCl : 1.5 %; HF : 1 %; H 2 O : 95 %) to corrode the polished sample for 10-25 s. The tissue was observed with a scanning electron microscope, and Image Pro Plus 6.0 was used for image processing and quantitative analysis. The main parameters were equivalent diameter and average roundness coefficient.
实施例1 设定脉冲磁场电压为250V；脉冲磁场频率为3Hz、6Hz、10Hz和15Hz；脉冲磁场处理时间为2.5分钟；处理结束后，保温3分钟。 Example 1 The pulsed magnetic field voltage is set to 250V; the pulsed magnetic field frequency is 3Hz, 6Hz, 10Hz and 15Hz; the pulsed magnetic field treatment time is 2.5 minutes; after the treatment, keep warm for 3 minutes.
实施例2 设定脉冲磁场频率为10Hz；脉冲电压为为150V、200V和250V；脉冲磁场处理时间为2.5分钟；处理结束后，保温3分钟。 Example 2 The frequency of the pulsed magnetic field is set to 10 Hz; the pulse voltage is 150V, 200V and 250V; the pulsed magnetic field treatment time is 2.5 minutes; after the treatment, keep warm for 3 minutes.
实施例3设定脉冲磁场频率为10Hz；脉冲磁场电压为250V；磁场处理时间为1.5分钟、2.5分钟和6分钟；处理结束后，保温3分钟。 Example 3 The frequency of the pulsed magnetic field is set to 10 Hz; the voltage of the pulsed magnetic field is 250 V; the magnetic field treatment time is 1.5 minutes, 2.5 minutes and 6 minutes; after the treatment, keep warm for 3 minutes.
实施例4设定脉冲磁场频率为10Hz；脉冲磁场电压为250V；磁场处理时间为2.5分钟；处理结束后，保温1分钟、3分钟和5分钟。 Example 4 The frequency of the pulsed magnetic field is set to 10 Hz; the voltage of the pulsed magnetic field is 250 V; the magnetic field treatment time is 2.5 minutes; after the treatment, the temperature is kept for 1 minute, 3 minutes and 5 minutes.
如图2所示，当脉冲磁场频率低于10Hz时，随着频率的增加，初生相的等效直径明显减小而平均圆度系数显著增大。但当频率高于10Hz时，生相的等效直径增加，平均圆度系数有所减小。 As shown in Figure 2, when the frequency of the pulsed magnetic field is lower than 10 Hz, as the frequency increases, the equivalent diameter of the primary phase decreases significantly and the average circularity coefficient increases significantly. But when the frequency is higher than 10Hz, the equivalent diameter of the phase increases and the average roundness coefficient decreases.
如图3所示，随着脉冲磁场电压的增加，初生相的等效直径不断下降，尺寸得到的明显细化，而平均圆度系数显著增大，形状趋于圆整。 As shown in Figure 3, with the increase of the pulsed magnetic field voltage, the equivalent diameter of the primary phase decreases continuously, and the size is obviously refined, while the average roundness coefficient increases significantly, and the shape tends to be round.
综上所述，从图2、图3可以看出，脉冲磁场制备ZL114A铝合金半固态浆料的理想工艺参数为：脉冲磁场电压为250V，脉冲磁场频率为10Hz，脉冲磁场处理时间为2.5分钟，处理结束后，半固态浆料保温时间为3分钟。采用该最佳工艺参数制备的半固态浆料，特征如图4所示初生相的等效直径为92.1μm，平均圆度系数为0.58，是一种优质的初生相晶粒细小、分布均匀且呈近球状的ZL114A铝合金半固态浆料。 In summary, it can be seen from Figure 2 and Figure 3 that the ideal process parameters for preparing ZL114A aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry by pulsed magnetic field are: pulsed magnetic field voltage is 250V, pulsed magnetic field frequency is 10Hz, and pulsed magnetic field treatment time is 2.5 minutes , after the treatment, the holding time of the semi-solid slurry is 3 minutes. The semi-solid slurry prepared with the optimal process parameters, as shown in Figure 4, has the equivalent diameter of the primary phase of 92.1 μm and an average roundness coefficient of 0.58. It is a high-quality primary phase with fine grains, uniform distribution and Near spherical ZL114A aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103586442A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-02-19 | 上海大学 | Device capable of continuously measuring temperature of metal melt in pulse magnetic oscillation processing technology |
| CN104152775A (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2014-11-19 | 南昌航空大学 | Long-periodic structure reinforced magnesium alloy semi-solid slurry and preparation method thereof |
| CN104264088A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-01-07 | 中南大学 | Aging strengthening method for aluminum alloy by utilizing electromagnetic field |
| CN108160956A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-06-15 | 东北大学 | The control method and device of particle coarsening behavior in a kind of liquid/solid two-phase system |
| CN114850418A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-05 | 福州大学 | Semi-solid slurry preparation process and device that can realize multi-layer stirring |
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| CN1772414A (en) * | 2004-11-10 | 2006-05-17 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | A method for continuously preparing semi-solid metal slurry by applying compound electromagnetic stirring |
| CN101508010A (en) * | 2009-02-26 | 2009-08-19 | 清华大学 | Quantitative preparation method of semi-solid metal pulp by over-heat electromagnetically stirring |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103586442A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-02-19 | 上海大学 | Device capable of continuously measuring temperature of metal melt in pulse magnetic oscillation processing technology |
| CN104152775A (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2014-11-19 | 南昌航空大学 | Long-periodic structure reinforced magnesium alloy semi-solid slurry and preparation method thereof |
| CN104264088A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-01-07 | 中南大学 | Aging strengthening method for aluminum alloy by utilizing electromagnetic field |
| CN104264088B (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2017-03-01 | 中南大学 | A kind of method of utilization electromagnetic field ageing strengthening aluminium alloy |
| CN108160956A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-06-15 | 东北大学 | The control method and device of particle coarsening behavior in a kind of liquid/solid two-phase system |
| CN108160956B (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2020-01-10 | 东北大学 | Method and device for controlling coarsening behavior of particles in liquid/solid two-phase system |
| CN114850418A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-05 | 福州大学 | Semi-solid slurry preparation process and device that can realize multi-layer stirring |
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