CN1026997C - Process for continuous copper smelting - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for continous copper smelting. The apparatus for carrying out the process includes a smelting furnace, a separating furnace, a converting furnace and melt launders for connecting the smelting furnace, the separating furnace and the converting furnace in series, and a plurality of anode furnaces and blister copper launders for connecting the converting furnace and the anode furnaces. The copper concentrate is introduced in the smelting furnace and melted and oxidized into a mixture of matte and slag. The mixture is received in the separating furnace and the matte is separated from the slag. Subsequently, the matte separated from the slag is oxidized to produce blister copper. The blister copper is then caused to flow through the blister copper launders into one of the anode furnaces , and refined into copper of higher quality in the anode furnace. In the refining operation at the anode furnace, the receiving step and the oxidizing step are carried out at least partly in an overlapping manner.

Description

Process for continuous copper smelting

The present invention relates to the method that concentrate that a kind of handle contains cupric sulfide becomes fine copper.

As Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 were described, the device of well-known copper smelting was made up of a plurality of stoves, and it comprises smelting furnace 1, parting furnace 2, converter 3 and anode furnace 4.Wherein smelting furnace 1 is used for melting and the cupric oxide concentrate, in stove 1, provide oxygen-rich air, so just produced the mixture of matte M and slag S, parting furnace 2 is isolated matte M from slag S, converter 3 is oxidized to blister copper C and slag to the matte M that separates then, provide blister copper with anode furnace 4 again, therefore just obtained the higher copper of purity.In each stove of smelting furnace 1 and converter 3, the spray gun of double pipe structure all is housed, it be inserted into stove the top and with the linking to each other of the top vertical shifting of stove.Copper ore concentrates, oxygen-rich air and flux etc. all are provided in each stove by spray gun 5, and parting furnace 2 is for being equipped with the electric furnace of electrode 6.

As shown in Figure 1, smelting furnace 1, parting furnace 2 and converter 3 order are arranged by different height, and link to each other with 7B with chute 7A in order, so just make copper melt lean on run by gravity through groove 7A and 7B.

The blister copper C that continuously produces in converter 3 temporarily is stored in the holding furnace 8, by lifting support 10 blister copper in the casting ladle 9 of packing into is transported to anode furnace 4 then, and blister copper C is poured in the import that is molded on the roof.

In aforesaid smelting device, though can carry out continuously up to the operation of converter 3, the refinement operation in anode furnace 4 is carried out in batches.Therefore the blister copper C that is produced by converter 3 must temporarily be stored in the holding furnace 8, thereby needs to install holding furnace 8.In addition, for blister copper C is delivered to the anode furnace 4 from holding furnace 8, also need casting ladle, lifting support etc.And, keep the temperature of blister copper C enough high in these operating periods, need lot of energy.The result has just increased the installation costs and the working cost of equipment, and has limited the possibility that reduces the smelting device erection space.

Main purpose of the present invention and feature provide a kind of method of continuous copper smelting newly, this method is before blister copper enters the anode furnace refinement, do not need temporarily to preserve blister copper solution, can carry out continuously in very effective mode in the entire operation of anode furnace refining stage from smelting beginning.

Another object of the present invention and feature provide a kind of method of continuous copper smelting, and this method has been improved the refinement operation of blister copper widely, and does not need excessive refinement capacity.

A further object of the present invention and feature have provided a kind of method of continuous copper smelting, in the method, when anode furnace refines blister copper, even the content of blister copper seldom, also can carry out oxidizing reaction effectively.

According to main aspect of the present invention, a kind of method of continuous copper smelting is provided, it may further comprise the steps;

Smelting furnace, parting furnace, converter are provided, connect the liquation chute device of smelting furnace, parting furnace and converter, a plurality of anode furnace and a plurality of blister copper chute device that is connected converter and anode furnace in order;

Copper ore concentrates is sent in the smelting furnace, and fusing and cupric oxide concentrate are to produce the mixture of matte and slag;

Subsequently the mixture of matte and slag is sent in the parting furnace, and from slag, isolated matte;

Subsequently the matte of separating is sent into converter from slag, and the oxidation matte, produce blister copper;

Then, allow the blister copper blister copper chute device of flowing through enter in one of them anode furnace; With

In anode furnace, blister copper is refined into the higher copper of purity.

According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of method of continuous copper smelting, it is characterized in that its refining step comprises;

Allow blister copper flow through the blister copper chute device and enter anode furnace;

Be blown into oxidizing gas in the anode stove, the blister copper in the oxidation anode furnace;

Subsequently, the copper oxide reduction in the anode furnace is become the higher copper of purity;

Then, from anode furnace, discharge the higher copper of purity; And

It is characterized in that: the feed step of blister copper and oxidation step carry out in partly overlapping mode at least.

According to a further aspect of the invention, provide a kind of method of continuous copper smelting, it is characterized in that anode furnace comprises a body of heater, this body of heater is rotatably supported around the axle of its horizontal positioned.Body of heater comprises an air port of opening in stove, and it is characterized in that oxidation step comprises, when the melt surface of adjusting anode furnace by rotating furnace body during to the degree of depth in air port, is blown into oxidizing gas in the anode stove, and oxidizing gas preferably is made up of oxygen-rich air.

Fig. 1 is the diagrammatic cross-section of the device of common copper smelting;

Fig. 2 is the floor map of Fig. 1 device;

Fig. 3 uses method of the present invention, continuously the orthographic plan of a kind of device of copper smelting;

Fig. 4 is the orthographic plan of the amplification of anode furnace in Fig. 3 device;

Fig. 5 is the side-view of amplification of the anode furnace of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is the sectional view of the VI-anode furnace that the VI line is cut open along Fig. 4;

Fig. 7 is the sectional view of the VII-anode furnace that the VII line is cut open along Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 to Figure 10 is respectively the sectional view corresponding to the anode furnace of the rotation of blister copper charging stage, oxidation stage and reduction phase;

Figure 11 is in the refining step of the anode furnace of Fig. 4, the synoptic diagram of operating process and

The same Figure 11 of Figure 12, but it has expressed best refining step.

Fig. 3 has described the method with copper smelting of the present invention, continuously a kind of device of copper smelting.In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, same member and parts institute's aiming symbol or digital identical among parts or member institute's aiming symbol or numeral and Fig. 3.

As existing smelting device, the device of continuous copper smelting of the present invention comprises a smelting furnace 1, parting furnace 2, converter 3 and a plurality of anode furnace 4, wherein smelting furnace is used for melting and the cupric oxide concentrate, to produce the mixture of matte M and slag S, parting furnace 2 is separated matte M from slag, then, converter 3 is oxidized to blister copper to the matte of separating; Refine blister copper with a plurality of anode furnaces 4 again, in anode furnace 4, just obtained the higher copper of purity like this.Smelting furnace 1, parting furnace 2 and converter 3 are arranged by different height successively, and the liquation chute is made up of the chute 7A and the 7B that are defined as the fusing fluid channel, so that chute links to each other with three above-mentioned stoves successively.Like this, liquation is by chute 7A, from smelting furnace 1, flow in the parting furnace 2, and from parting furnace 2, flow downstream in the converter 3 by chute 7B, and in each stove of smelting furnace 1 and converter 3, each stove all is equipped with the spray gun of a plurality of double pipe structures, and they insert and are fixed on the furnace roof, are used for vertical shifting.Copper ore concentrates, oxygen-rich air, flux etc. are all sent in each stove by these spray guns, and parting furnace 2 is made up of the electric furnace that a plurality of electrodes 6 are housed in addition.

In diagrammatic embodiment, two anode furnaces 4 are arranged in mode parallel to each other, converter 3 links to each other with these anode furnaces 4 by chute device (promptly being defined as blister copper liquation fluid channel 11), chute 11 is sent into the blister copper of producing in the anode furnace 4 in converter 3, chute 11 comprises a pair of chute 11B of branch in upstream sow (channel) 11A and downstream, the end of upstream sow (channel) 11A links to each other with the outlet of converter 3, and it is downward-sloping on direction away from converter 3, the a pair of chute 11B of branch in downstream branches away from sow (channel) 11A, on direction away from sow (channel), chute 11B is downward-sloping in branch, and their end links to each other with 4 with anode furnace 4 respectively.

In addition, parts 12 are equipped with in junction between sow (channel) 11A and two chute 11B of branch, parts 12 selectively couple together the fluid of sow (channel) and one of them branch's chute, parts 12 can be any structures, in the simplest mode, near a little thin a little with the bottom of each branch's chute of the junction of sow (channel), and that can cast or materials with high melting point can be entered not have the thin district of the chute 11B of branch of use by casting.

In addition, except chute 7A and 7B, above-mentioned blister copper chute 11A and 11B all are equipped with lid, thermal storage device such as nozzle are housed on lid and/or regulate the device of surrounding environment, therefore under sealed state, the liquation of these chutes of flowing through is downwards still keeping high temperature.

Extremely shown in Figure 6 as Fig. 4, each anode furnace 4 comprises that housing is a 21b and an a pair of cylindrical furnace 21 that is installed in the end plate 21a of housing 21b opposite end, a pair of rim 22 is installed on the body of heater 21 regularly, a plurality of supporting-point roller 23 are housed on pedestal are supporting rim 22, body of heater 21 is rotatably supported round its horizontal positioned axle like this.Girth gear 24a be installed in body of heater 21 an end and with driving gear 24b engagement, driving gear 24b links to each other with near being contained in body of heater 21 drive unit 25, body of heater 21 is rotated by drive unit 25 drivings like this.

In addition, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, be equipped with on the end plate 21a therein and keep pyritous nozzle 26 in the stove, and have a pair of air port 27 on housing 21b, oxygen-rich air is blown in the body of heater 21 by air port 27, and on the position relative with the air port 27 on the housing 21b, have a consent 28, the copper that anode furnace is extracted by consent 28 is discharged in the casting device, and in this device, copper has been cast into positive plate.In addition, place in the middle of the top of housing 21b has copper billet such as anode fragment is sent into import 29 in the stove.And as shown in Figure 6, be generally the top that oval-shaped ventilation road junction 30 is positioned at the housing 21b relative with nozzle 26, when housing 21b was positioned at common position, parichnos opening 30 extended to the circumferential direction of housing 21b from the position that is defined as furnace roof.

In order to cover ventilation road junction 30, cover 31 is installed in the end of gas exhaust duct.More particularly, preferably as shown in Figure 7, extend cover 31 so that when body of heater 21 rotations, make cover 31 cover whole circumferential areas at the ventilation road junction 30 that has rotated an angle.In addition, carry each chute 11B of branch of blister copper liquation to be inserted on the sidewall of cover 31, in such a way just the end 11C of chute 11B be fixed on ventilation road junction 30 above, the end 11C of cover 31 and chute 11B is equipped with water cold sleeve respectively.

Realize the method for copper smelting of the present invention with the device of above-mentioned copper smelting.

At first, in smelting furnace 1, spray into granular material such as copper ore concentrates and oxygen-rich air by spray gun 5, because the heat that oxidizing reaction produced, be blown into partly oxidation and the fusing of copper ore concentrates quilt in the stove 1, so just formed the mixture of matte M and slag S, the major ingredient of matte is cupric sulfide and iron sulphide, and its proportion is high especially, slag then is made up of gangue mineral matter, flux and ferric oxide etc., and its proportion is very low.The mixture of matte M and slag S flows out from the outlet 1A of smelting furnace 1, behind chute 7A, enters parting furnace 2.

Then different especially in the proportion of matte and slag, the mixture that flows into the matte M of parting furnace 2 and slag S has been divided into matte and slag is immiscible two-layer, the matte M that separates flows through and is contained in the siphon pipe 2A in parting furnace 2 exits, and through in the chute 7B inflow converter 3, and slag S emits from consent 28, water makes slag form particle, and shifts out smelting system.

The oxygen-rich air that is blown into by spray gun 5 oxidation is further sent into matte M in the converter 3, and discharges slag S from converter 3.Therefore, matte has just changed into purity and has been about 98.5% blister copper C, blister copper flows into the blister copper sow (channel) 11A from outlet 3A, in addition because the copper content of the slag S that separates from converter is quite high, so after slag is discharged from outlet 3B, water makes slag form particle, to be dried after, send into again in the smelting furnace 1 and smelt again.

Flow into the blister copper C of sow (channel) 11A, one of them chute 11B of branch flows through, and be discharged from through in 30 one of them the corresponding anode stove 4 of inflow of ventilation road junction, and the chute 11B of branch that this is flowed through is that the mode of another branch's chute communicates with sow (channel) in advance by castable material being cast into.Fig. 8 has described during feed operation, the position that anode furnace 4 rotates to.

After the feed operation of finishing blister copper C, start drive unit 25, make specified angle of body of heater 21 rotations, to the described position of Fig. 9, at this moment air port 27 is positioned under the surface of liquation.On this position, air or preferably oxygen-rich air at first be blown into air port 27, enter body of heater 21, in predetermined for some time, just make blister copper C that oxidizing reaction has taken place like this, the sulphur concentration in the copper approaches a predetermined target value thus.In addition, it is that the reductive agent of hydrocarbon polymer and AIR MIXTURES carries out restoring operation that main component is provided in body of heater 21, oxygen level in the copper just approaches a predetermined target value like this, be recovered in the waste gas that is produced during the aforesaid operations, make this waste gas behind ventilation road junction 30 and cover 31, enter gas exhaust duct, and be correspondingly processed, and slag S discharges from import 29.

From converter 3 effusive blister coppers is to have refined in anode furnace 4 into the very high copper of purity like this.Then, start drive unit 25 once more, make body of heater 21 be further rotated an indicated specified angle, discharge the copper liquid that has melted by consent 28 as Figure 10.The copper liquid of the fusing that obtains has like this been delivered in the individual anode casting mold with the anode chute, and cast a plurality of positive plates, and then this positive plate has been transported in the back to back refining device.

Now with reference to the passage of calendar time of Figure 11 and 12, describe comprise in two anode furnaces 4 and 4, send into blister copper, oxidizing reaction, reduction reaction and cast in, the typical mode of operation in the anode furnace refining step.

Figure 11 represents that the capacity of the capacity of anode furnace and converter is suitable basically, when blister copper C was sent into one of them anode furnace (a), the blister copper that is admitted in the preorder step in another anode furnace (b) was carrying out oxidation, reduction, casting and operation mixed in together.In this way, oxidation needs 2 hours, reduction needs 2 hours, casting needs 4 hours, in addition between oxidation and reduction, need with cleaning the air port half an hour, between reduction and pouring operation, need to prepare for pouring operation with one hour, and during after pouring operation is finished, beginning to send into anode furnace to the next batch blister copper, also need half hour to clean foundry goods, so oxidizing reaction, reduction reaction, pouring operation and other work mixed in together are as cleaning the air port, preparing casting and washing the required time of foundry goods stack up is 10 hours, and this time is with material to be sent into the required time of anode furnace identical.Therefore, from cleaning foundry goods, there is not the unnecessary waiting time to the charging of next batch material.

Figure 12 has described when the capacity of anode furnace during less than the capacity of converter, can adopt a kind of best pattern, in this case, in order to improve refining capacity, in the final stage of feed operation, the oxidizing reaction of blister copper and the charging of blister copper are carried out simultaneously, more precisely, when the cleaning from the oxidizing reaction to the foundry goods needed 10 hours, blister copper sent in the anode furnace only needed 8.5 hours, and therefore feed operation and oxidizing reaction are overlapping saves the operating time by allowing.

After body of heater 21 rotated to the position of Fig. 9 from the position of Fig. 8, feed operation and oxidizing reaction were carried out simultaneously, after the feed operation of blister copper is finished, proceed oxidizing reaction.

Under the situation of above-mentioned steps, feed operation and oxidizing reaction are carried out each other simultaneously, utilize the overlapping of two operating times to reduce the time of refining blister copper like this.Therefore, synthetically increased the capacity of anode furnace.And when having increased capacity in above-mentioned steps, the productivity of entire operation has just obtained correspondingly improving so.

In the narration in front, the passage of calendar time shown in Figure 13 to 15 only is the example of anode furnace operation.Quantity according to anode furnace, the treatment time of capacity and each operation different, suitable different pattern can be selected, as in the charging shown in Figure 12 and the overlapping time of oxidizing reaction, the productivity of blister copper, the factors such as oxidation capacity of anode furnace should be suitably considered in addition.

As mentioned above, in the process of continuous copper smelting of the present invention, the blister copper that flows out from converter 3 is directly sent in one of them anode furnace 4 through chute device 11, and said here chute device 11 is defined as the fluid channel of blister copper liquation.Therefore, do not need holding furnace, just do not need the heating operation in the holding furnace naturally yet, in addition,, so in fact can reduce total erection space of copper smelting device owing to also saved many conveyers such as casting ladle and elevator platform etc.And because do not need for example devices such as holding furnace, casting ladle, lifting support, so can reduce Unit Installation expense and transport expense usefulness.

In addition, blister copper chute 11 is directly sent in the anode furnace 4 because the blister copper C that flows out from converter 3 flows through, the transportation of blister copper C is fully being carried out under the sealed state, therefore than being easier to preserve blister copper C, so can prevent in advance stopping to the leakage of the disadvantageous a small amount of gas that contains sulfurous gas and metallic fume that produces of environment and these gases.In addition, the temperature variation of blister copper C also can reduce to minimum.

In addition, in the refining step of anode furnace, when feed operation and oxidation are carried out each other simultaneously, just synthetically improved the refinement capacity of anode furnace, even therefore predesignated the capacity of anode furnace, anode furnace also can carry out elastic operation with the variation of preorder step capacity.

In addition, in the oxidation step of anode furnace, when utilizing rotating furnace body to regulate molten surface apart from the air port degree of depth, in stove, be blown into oxidizing gas, therefore oxidizing gas and copper melt can react effectively, so that in the amount initial period seldom of copper melt, oxidizing reaction also can efficient manner be carried out.

Also have, when using oxygen-rich air, can control thermal equilibrium and oxidizing reaction best, so in fact can boost productivity as oxidizing gas.

Clearly, according to above narration, the present invention can carry out many adjustment and change, and this does not say self-evident in the scope of dependent claims, therefore also can implement the present invention with mode beyond being narrated specially.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of method of continuous copper smelting may further comprise the steps: a smelting furnace, parting furnace, converter are provided, connect the liquation chute device of described smelting furnace, described parting furnace and described converter, a plurality of anode furnace and a plurality of blister copper chute devices that are connected described converter and described anode furnace successively;

Copper ore concentrates is sent in the described smelting furnace, and fusing and cupric oxide concentrate are to produce the mixture of matte and slag;

Subsequently, the mixture of matte and slag is sent in the described parting furnace, and from slag, isolated matte;

Again the matte from slag separated sent into described converter, and matte is oxidized to blister copper thereafter;

Then, allow the described blister copper blister copper chute device of flowing through enter in described one of them anode furnace; With

In described anode furnace, blister copper is refined into the higher copper of purity.

2, the method for a kind of continuous copper smelting according to claim 1 is characterized in that refining step may further comprise the steps;

Allow blister copper flow through described blister copper chute device and enter described anode furnace;

By in described anode furnace, being blown into the blister copper in the oxidizing gas oxidation anode furnace;

Subsequently, the copper oxide reduction in the described anode furnace is become the higher copper of purity; With

Then, from described anode furnace, discharge the higher copper of purity, and

It is characterized in that: described blister copper feed step and described oxidation step carry out in partly overlapping mode at least.

3, the method for a kind of continuous copper smelting according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described anode furnace comprises one around rotatably supported the body of heater of the axle of its horizontal positioned, described body of heater comprises an internal orifice of opening in stove, and it is characterized in that described oxidation step comprises, when when rotating melted surface that described body of heater adjusts described anode furnace, in described anode furnace, be blown into oxidizing gas to the described air port degree of depth.

4, the method for a kind of continuous copper smelting according to claim 2 is characterized in that described oxidizing gas is an oxygen-rich air.

Images