CN102698346A - 一种气压式回缩自毁注射器 - Google Patents

一种气压式回缩自毁注射器 Download PDF

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CN102698346A
CN102698346A CN2012102213111A CN201210221311A CN102698346A CN 102698346 A CN102698346 A CN 102698346A CN 2012102213111 A CN2012102213111 A CN 2012102213111A CN 201210221311 A CN201210221311 A CN 201210221311A CN 102698346 A CN102698346 A CN 102698346A
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needle stand
injection rod
injection
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syringe
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蔡根顺
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/322—Retractable needles, i.e. disconnected from and withdrawn into the syringe barrel by the piston
    • A61M5/3221—Constructional features thereof, e.g. to improve manipulation or functioning
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/322—Retractable needles, i.e. disconnected from and withdrawn into the syringe barrel by the piston
    • A61M5/3234—Fully automatic needle retraction, i.e. in which triggering of the needle does not require a deliberate action by the user
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/50—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests having means for preventing re-use, or for indicating if defective, used, tampered with or unsterile
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/322—Retractable needles, i.e. disconnected from and withdrawn into the syringe barrel by the piston
    • A61M5/3221—Constructional features thereof, e.g. to improve manipulation or functioning
    • A61M2005/323—Connection between plunger distal end and needle hub proximal end, e.g. stud protruding from the plunger
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
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    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
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    • A61M5/3221—Constructional features thereof, e.g. to improve manipulation or functioning
    • A61M2005/3231—Proximal end of needle captured or embedded inside piston head, e.g. by friction or hooks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/322—Retractable needles, i.e. disconnected from and withdrawn into the syringe barrel by the piston
    • A61M5/3234—Fully automatic needle retraction, i.e. in which triggering of the needle does not require a deliberate action by the user
    • A61M2005/3241—Needle retraction energy is accumulated inside of a hollow plunger rod
    • A61M2005/3242—Needle retraction by vacuum
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/322—Retractable needles, i.e. disconnected from and withdrawn into the syringe barrel by the piston
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/50—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests having means for preventing re-use, or for indicating if defective, used, tampered with or unsterile
    • A61M5/508—Means for preventing re-use by disrupting the piston seal, e.g. by puncturing

Abstract

本发明属于注射器技术领域，具体涉及一种气压式回缩自毁注射器，包括注射筒、空心注射杆、针座、密封圈、活塞和密封接头，密封接头和针座上设有互相配合的联接结构，注射筒前端的内壁与针座前端的外壁气密封，注射杆内壁上设有限位装置，注射杆下端设有排气孔，本发明结构简洁，加工成型容易，制造成本低，装配简单，工作人员的劳动强度较小，自毁的步骤分成两步，先通过手指的力使密封接头插入针座内孔，推完注射液的同时密封连接头已松动，继续往前推密封环产生气压，再利用压缩空气的释放的能量使密封接头射入注射杆内，降低了产品的精度要求，降低了自毁所需的空气压缩度，使自毁更加容易，可靠。

Description

一种气压式回缩自毁注射器
技术领域
 本发明属于注射器技术领域，具体涉及一种气压式回缩自毁注射器。
背景技术
专利号ZL 200920113284.X公开了一种自毁式真空安全注射器，包括注射筒和注射杆，在注射杆的前端设有活塞，在注射筒的前端装有固定有针头的针座，该针座具有能连通针头和注射筒的通液孔，注射杆为筒状空心杆，在注射杆内插接有真空推杆，在注射杆的前端装有密封接头，注射杆在密封接头和真空推杆之间形成真空腔，密封接头和针座之间设有当注射杆推至注射筒前端时能使密封接头和针座相联接的联接结构，真空推杆和注射筒之间设有当注射杆推至注射筒设定位置时能使真空推杆轴向定位的限位结构。
在注射时，注射杆前推并将注射液全部注入完后，注射杆便推至注射筒前端。此时，注射杆的前端的密封接头与固定有针头的针座通过联接结构相联接，限位结构使真空推杆固定并不随注射杆前移，注射杆内的气压变小而在外面大气压的作用下便将联接在一起的密封接头和针座一同被吸入注射杆。
该技术存在以下缺点：①配件较多，且真空推杆和注射杆的结构较为复杂，成本较高；②装配复杂，尤其是该产品的注射杆装配时，需首先通过顶针将密封接头从注射杆的尾部推进至在注射杆的前端，再将真空推杆置入注射杆内，并按设定的方式将真空推杆从注射杆的尾部推进至注射杆的前端，再回拉真空推杆至一定距离后转动真空推杆，使真空推杆的下端与限位结构卡接，且因为其复杂的装配过程，设计出的专用装配机械可靠性较差，难以大规模的生产，只用采用人工进行装配，所有的组装过程均需人工进行，对工作人员的负担较大；③技术本身偏复杂，实施困难，成本较高，市场接受度较差，难以推广，实用性不高。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中存在的上述不足之处，本发明的目的在于提供一种结构简单，安全可靠，成本较低，实用性好，易为市场接受的气压式回缩自毁注射器。
为了达到上述之目的，本发明采用如下具体技术方案：
一种气压式回缩自毁注射器，包括注射筒、筒状的空心注射杆、针座、密封圈、活塞和密封接头，针座的中央设置有针头，针座通过套装在其下端的密封圈安装在注射筒的前端，活塞套设在注射杆前端的外侧，密封接头设置在注射杆前端的内侧，密封接头和针座上设有互相配合的联接结构，当所述注射杆推至所述注射筒的前端时，注射筒前端的内壁与针座前端的外壁气密封，注射杆内壁上设置有阻止密封接头和针座从注射杆下端射出的限位装置，注射杆下端设置有沟通注射杆内腔和外界的排气孔。
上述针座的下部向外凸起形成限位座，密封圈套装在限位座上并使针座外壁和注射筒内壁气密封，密封圈的内径大于限位座上侧的针座的外径。
上述限位装置有两个，分别设置在注射杆中部和下部，所述限位装置为注射杆内壁上的三道凸筋。
上述排气孔包括一个以上的设置在注射杆下部侧壁上的透气孔。
上述注射筒前端的内壁与针座前端的外壁气密封的具体结构是：注射筒的前端径向内缩形成卡口，卡口的内壁上设置有斜面；针座前端径向内缩形成形成台阶并以斜面过渡，台阶上的斜面与卡口上的斜面匹配。
与现有的技术相比，本发明具有以下突出优点和效果：
1、本发明的配件较少，注射筒前端和针座前端气密封，针座下端通过密封圈与注射筒内壁气密封，无需真空推杆，注射杆的结构更加简洁，加工成型容易，制造成本低。
2、本发明的装配简单，通过顶针直接将密封接头从注射杆的尾部推至注射杆的端部，即可完成注射杆的组装步骤，其操作简便，可以通过机械自动组装，工作人员的劳动强度较小。
3、本发明的注射筒前端径向内缩形成卡口，卡口的内壁上设置有斜面，针座前端径向内缩形成形成台阶并以斜面过渡，台阶上的斜面与卡口上的斜面匹配，假使注射器组装时，针座前端部与注射筒前端内壁存在微小的间隙，注射杆推至注射筒的前端时，密封接头首先接触针座，使针座受到向上的力并顶紧在注射筒的端部，使得注射筒前端和针座前端的气密封可靠。
4、本发明的自毁的步骤分成两步，第一步，注射杆推至注射筒的前端时，密封接头首先接触并联接针座，注射杆的前端部和密封圈下侧还存在一定的间隙，按压注射杆使密封接头与注射杆松动；第二步，前推注射杆并将密封圈顶离针座，使医护人员能使用较小的力即可完成自毁，同时，降低了自毁所需的空气压缩度，使自毁更加容易，可靠。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图。
图2为图1的A处放大图。
图3为本发明的爆炸图。
图4为本发明自毁后的示意图。
图5为图3的注射筒的B—B视图。
图6为图3的注射筒前端与针座前端气密封的示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1—6所示，一种气压式回缩自毁注射器，包括注射筒4、筒状的空心注射杆3、针座5、密封圈6、活塞8和密封接头7，针座5的中央设置有针头2，针座5通过套装在其下端的密封圈6安装在注射筒4的前端，活塞8套设在注射杆3前端的外侧，密封接头7设置在注射杆3前端的内侧，密封接头7和针座5上设有互相配合的联接结构，当所述注射杆3推至所述注射筒4的前端时，注射筒4前端的内壁与针座5前端的外壁气密封，注射杆3内壁上设置有阻止密封接头7和针座5在压缩空气释放的空气能作用下从注射杆3下端射出的限位装置31，注射杆3下端设置有沟通注射杆3内腔和外界的排气孔33，排气孔33包括一个以上的设置在注射杆3下部侧壁上的透气孔。
本实施例中，装配密封接头7时，从注射杆3的下端部推至注射杆的顶部，则，医护人员使用注射器时，其手指是按在注射杆3下端的通孔（注射杆内腔的下沿）上的，即推液和自毁时，注射杆3内腔和外界不导通，因而需要在注射杆3的下部再开设透气孔与外界沟通。
上述针座5的下部向外凸起形成限位座51，密封圈6套装在限位座51上并使针座5外壁和注射筒4内壁气密封，密封圈6的内径大于限位座51上侧的针座5的外径。
上述限位装置31有两个，分别设置在注射杆3中部和下部，所述限位装置31为注射杆3内壁上的三道凸筋，三道凸筋形成两个嵌槽，密封接头7下部的凸缘72在惯性作用下嵌入其中一个嵌槽，注射杆3下部的限位装置31主要是起保险作用。密封接头7的凸缘72与限位装置31配合，保证残留药水不会往后走，又使针尖2不会露出注射杆3。
上述注射筒4前端的内壁与针座5前端的外壁气密封的具体结构是：注射筒4的前端径向内缩形成卡口41，卡口41的内壁上设置有斜面42；针座5前端径向内缩形成形成台阶并以斜面过渡，台阶上的斜面52与卡口41上的斜面42匹配。台阶上的斜面52与卡口41上的斜面42的斜度相同，该斜度可以在0—60°内任意取值，本实施例中：该斜度取45°，斜度为45°是较佳的选择。
针座5下端部开有凹腔53，凹腔53形状为内小外大的锥形凹腔，密封接头7头部为前小后大的锥形体插头体71，插头体71的侧面开设有流通槽，插头体71与针座5开始联接时，针座5与注射杆3之间还存在小部分药液，该部分药液可以通过流通槽进入针座5，凹腔53和插头体71的锥度和大小均相适配，减少针座内的药水残留量，插头体71与针座5完成联接时，药液注射完毕，凹腔53内壁上设置有环形凸条531，环形凸条531与插头体71配合使密封接头7能在空气能作用下将针座5带回注射杆3内。密封接头7中部外径与注射杆3端部内壁配合，在一定压力下，药水不会渗入注射杆3内部。
注射筒4的指托部43设置有加强筋，加强筋的轮廓呈苹果型或心型。
注射筒4的前部内壁上设置有与密封圈6配合的限位凸起44，限位凸起44可以确保注射器在移动的过程中密封圈不会由于外界一些因素导致密封圈6及针座5下移，确保了针座5前端和注射筒4前端内壁的气密封。
本发明的工作原理：注射杆3推至注射筒4的前端时，密封接头7首先接触针座5，至密封接头7与针座5联接后，注射杆3的前端部和密封圈6下侧还存在一定的间隙，再继续前推注射杆3，使注射杆3的前端面顶在密封圈6的下侧面时，密封接头7已经在针座5作用下与注射杆3产生松动，密封圈6的内径大于限位座51上侧的针座5的外径，再继续前推注射杆3将密封圈6顶离针座5的限位座51，此时，注射筒4前端的压缩气体释放压力，将针座5和密封接头7推入注射杆3内腔，密封接头7的凸缘72惯性作用下嵌入注射杆3内壁的限位装置31内。
注射器组装时，针座5前端部与注射筒4前端内壁可能由于工作人员的粗心存在微小的间隙（针座5没有完全顶到位），注射杆3推至注射筒4的前端时，密封接头7首先接触针座5，使针座5受到向上的力并顶紧在注射筒4的端部，使得注射筒4前端和针座5前端的气密封可靠。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims (5)

1.一种气压式回缩自毁注射器，包括注射筒、筒状的空心注射杆、针座、密封圈、活塞和密封接头，针座的中央设置有针头，针座通过套装在其下端的密封圈安装在注射筒的前端，活塞套设在注射杆前端的外侧，密封接头设置在注射杆前端的内侧，密封接头和针座上设有互相配合的联接结构，其特征在于：当所述注射杆推至所述注射筒的前端时，注射筒前端的内壁与针座前端的外壁气密封，注射杆内壁上设置有阻止密封接头和针座从注射杆下端射出的限位装置，注射杆下端设置有沟通注射杆内腔和外界的排气孔。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种气压式回缩自毁注射器，其特征在于：所述针座的下部向外凸起形成限位座，密封圈套装在限位座上并使针座外壁和注射筒内壁气密封，密封圈的内径大于限位座上侧的针座的外径。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种气压式回缩自毁注射器，其特征在于：所述限位装置有两个，分别设置在注射杆中部和下部，所述限位装置为注射杆内壁上的三道凸筋。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种气压式回缩自毁注射器，其特征在于：所述排气孔包括一个以上的设置在注射杆下部侧壁上的透气孔。
5.根据权利要求1—4任一项所述的一种气压式回缩自毁注射器，其特征在于：所述注射筒前端的内壁与针座前端的外壁气密封的具体结构是：注射筒的前端径向内缩形成卡口，卡口的内壁上设置有斜面；针座前端径向内缩形成台阶并以斜面过渡，台阶上的斜面与卡口上的斜面匹配。
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