CN102691375A - 一种复合墙体材料 - Google Patents

一种复合墙体材料 Download PDF

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CN102691375A
CN102691375A CN201210179304XA CN201210179304A CN102691375A CN 102691375 A CN102691375 A CN 102691375A CN 201210179304X A CN201210179304X A CN 201210179304XA CN 201210179304 A CN201210179304 A CN 201210179304A CN 102691375 A CN102691375 A CN 102691375A
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wall body
plant fiber
layer
composite wall
body material
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CN102691375B (zh
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孙波
母军
于志明
李建章
张晓华
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QINHUANGDAO YUYUAN WOOD CO Ltd
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QINHUANGDAO YUYUAN WOOD CO Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2013/076447 priority patent/WO2013178073A1/zh
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/14—Mixture of at least two fibres made of different materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2607/00—Walls, panels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种建材人造板材料，公开了一种复合墙体材料。该复合墙体材料包括：外层的植物纤维层，内层的防水层，以及设于所述植物纤维层和防水层之间的隔音保温层；所述植物纤维层与所述防水层之间采用连接板连接；所述植物纤维层采用多根植物纤维随机交织热压胶合而成，所述植物纤维层在热压胶合后经过防火处理。本发明的复合墙体材料的密度较低，重量轻，承载能力高，具有较高的防水、防火性能，传热系数较小；且由于植物纤维层保留了植物较高的顺纹力学强度，使得该复合墙体材料具有高强度高韧性，进而增加了建筑物的抗震性。进一步地，在隔音保温层内设隔热保温材料，使得具有保温和阻燃效果且能保证较轻的重量。

Description

一种复合墙体材料
技术领域
本发明涉及一种建材人造板材料，特别是涉及一种建筑用复合墙体材料。
背景技术
现有的钢混结构建筑物墙体材料主要有空心砖、水泥发泡砖等，重量大、韧性差、隔热保温性能差等，造成了建筑基础承重大、建筑物抗震性不好、建筑材料的能耗和建筑物使用能耗高等不利于使用方面的影响。钢木结构的建筑或者纯木结构的建筑，因为现有的木质人造板材在防火、防水等方面的欠缺，使得建筑工序多、成本高，需要增加后续的防护处理和保温隔热处理等。
发明内容
(一)要解决的技术问题
本发明要解决的技术问题是如何提高墙体材料防火、防水和抗震性能，及如何提高墙体材料的隔热保温性能。
(二)技术方案
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种复合墙体材料，包括：外层的植物纤维层，内层的防水层，以及设于所述植物纤维层和防水层之间的隔音保温层；所述植物纤维层与所述防水层之间采用连接板连接；所述植物纤维层采用多根植物纤维随机交织热压胶合而成，所述植物纤维层在热压胶合后经过防火处理。
其中，所述隔音保温层为中空结构。
其中，所述隔音保温层内设隔热保温材料。
其中，所述隔热保温材料为发泡珍珠岩或矿棉。
其中，所述植物纤维层采用植物秸秆丝或木丝或植物秸秆丝和木丝的混合材料制成。
其中，所述防水层为隔离装饰层或挂板。
其中，所述连接板为轻钢龙骨或木龙骨。
(三)有益效果
上述技术方案提供的一种复合墙体材料，采用具有高防火性能的植物纤维层作为外层材料，并在内侧覆有防水层，并在植物纤维层和防水层设有一隔音保温层，该复合墙体材料的密度较低，重量轻，承载能力高，具有较高的防水、防火性能，传热系数较小；且由于其重量较轻，该复合墙体材料的大小可根据建筑的要求制作大幅面的板材砌块，大大地减少了运输和资源成本，可加快建筑的施工速度；且由于植物纤维层的随机交织热压胶合的纤维结构，保留了植物较高的顺纹力学强度，使得该复合墙体材料具有高强度高韧性，进而增加了建筑物的抗震性。进一步地，在隔音保温层内设隔热保温材料，使得具有保温和阻燃效果且能保证较轻的重量。
附图说明
图1是本发明一种复合墙体材料的结构示意图。
其中，1、植物纤维层；2、防水层；3、隔音保温层；4、连接板。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
如图1，本发明的一种复合墙体材料，包括：外层的植物纤维层1，内层的防水层2，以及设于植物纤维层1和防水层2之间的隔音保温层3；植物纤维层1与防水层2之间采用连接板4连接；植物纤维层1采用多根植物纤维随机交织热压胶合而成，该植物纤维层1在热压胶合后经过防火处理。由于采用多根植物纤维随机交织热压胶合而成的植物纤维层1通透性好，防火剂可以快速渗入植物纤维层1内部，可充分地进行防火处理；而植物纤维层1的防水处理是在热压胶合的过程中完成的。本发明采用具有高防火性能的植物纤维层作为外层材料，并在内侧覆有防水层，并在植物纤维层1和防水层2之间设有一隔音保温层3，该复合墙体材料的密度较低，重量轻，承载能力高，具有较高的防水、防火性能，其密度可低于0.2g/cm3，传热系数较小，可小于0.06；且由于其重量较轻，该复合墙体材料的大小可根据建筑的要求制作大幅面的板材砌块，大大地减少了运输和资源成本，可加快建筑的施工速度；且由于植物纤维层1的随机交织热压胶合的纤维结构，保留了植物较高的顺纹力学强度，使得该复合墙体材料具有高强度高韧性，进而增加了建筑物的抗震性。
优选地，植物纤维层1的厚度为10～25mm，防水层2的厚度为0.8mm～1.5mm。
优选地，隔音保温层3为中空结构。优选地，隔音保温层3内设隔热保温材料，该隔热保温材料具有阻燃性，可为发泡珍珠岩、矿棉等，采用隔热保温材料使得该复合墙体材料具有保温和阻燃效果且能保证其较轻的重量。优选地，防水层2为隔离装饰层或挂板；连接板4为轻钢龙骨或木龙骨。
植物纤维层1可有效利用各种植物原料，优选采用植物秸秆丝(该植物秸秆丝包括麦秆、玉米杆、芦苇杆等)或木丝或植物秸秆丝和木丝的混合材料制成。
上述技术方案所提供的复合墙体材料使得建筑物的自身重量减少一半以上，建筑物能耗减少40％以上，其抗震性、防水性、防火性得到了保证，建筑施工速度大幅提高，成本降低，大大减少了建材对世界森林的耗量。
本发明以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和替换，这些改进和替换也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种复合墙体材料，其特征在于，包括：外层的植物纤维层，内层的防水层，以及设于所述植物纤维层和防水层之间的隔音保温层；所述植物纤维层与所述防水层之间采用连接板连接；所述植物纤维层采用多根植物纤维随机交织热压胶合而成，所述植物纤维层在热压胶合后经过防火处理。
2.如权利要求1所述的复合墙体材料，其特征在于，所述隔音保温层为中空结构。
3.如权利要求1所述的复合墙体材料，其特征在于，所述隔音保温层内设隔热保温材料。
4.如权利要求3所述的复合墙体材料，其特征在于，所述隔热保温材料为发泡珍珠岩或矿棉。
5.如权利要求1所述的复合墙体材料，其特征在于，所述植物纤维层采用植物秸秆丝或木丝或植物秸秆丝和木丝的混合材料制成。
6.如权利要求1所述的复合墙体材料，其特征在于，所述防水层为隔离装饰层或挂板。
7.如权利要求1所述的复合墙体材料，其特征在于，所述连接板为轻钢龙骨或木龙骨。
CN201210179304.XA 2012-06-01 2012-06-01 一种复合墙体材料 Expired - Fee Related CN102691375B (zh)

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WO2013178073A1 (zh) * 2012-06-01 2013-12-05 秦皇岛裕源木业有限公司 一种复合墙体材料
CN107143084A (zh) * 2017-06-12 2017-09-08 深圳市坤泰乾科技有限公司 一种具有填充层的冷库板及其生产方法
CN108005298A (zh) * 2017-12-10 2018-05-08 柳州市雅泰活动板房厂 活动板房板材
CN108412114A (zh) * 2018-02-11 2018-08-17 浙江水利水电学院 一种档案室用防潮建筑材料及制备方法
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Cited By (6)

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WO2013178073A1 (zh) * 2012-06-01 2013-12-05 秦皇岛裕源木业有限公司 一种复合墙体材料
CN107143084A (zh) * 2017-06-12 2017-09-08 深圳市坤泰乾科技有限公司 一种具有填充层的冷库板及其生产方法
CN108005298A (zh) * 2017-12-10 2018-05-08 柳州市雅泰活动板房厂 活动板房板材
CN108412114A (zh) * 2018-02-11 2018-08-17 浙江水利水电学院 一种档案室用防潮建筑材料及制备方法
CN108412114B (zh) * 2018-02-11 2020-07-31 浙江水利水电学院 一种档案室用防潮建筑材料及制备方法
CN109629663A (zh) * 2018-12-28 2019-04-16 北京泽昌盛建筑科技有限公司 一种标准化全干连接装配式混凝土房屋结构及其制作方法

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