CN102691086A - Cylinder hole ceramic-forming treatment method for aluminum alloy engine cylinder body - Google Patents
Cylinder hole ceramic-forming treatment method for aluminum alloy engine cylinder body Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tungstate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 12
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims 12
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 claims 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 69
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 22
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 239000012224 working solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001256 stainless steel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
铝合金发动机缸体缸孔陶瓷化处理方法，它涉及一种对发动机缸体缸孔陶瓷化处理方法。本发明为了解决现有对缸体缸孔电镀硬铬的污染和缸体使用寿命短或氧化处理的方法得到的氧化膜致密层厚度比较薄的技术问题。本方法如下：将石墨棒固定在汽缸体的缸孔中，然后整体浸入碱性工作液中，在石墨棒与汽缸体之间采用直流脉冲电源施加直流脉冲，石墨棒接负极，汽缸体接正极，使缸孔中的碱性工作液形成循环流动，并保持碱性工作液液温不高于50℃，本方法能够在缸孔内壁上生成一层AL2O3陶瓷膜，该陶瓷膜硬度可达到HV800以上，厚度为30μm～150μm，能够显著提高发动机的性能和使用寿命(可提高约10％的输出功率，节油在15％以上，并能增加使用寿命达2倍以上)。
The invention relates to a ceramic treatment method for cylinder bores of an aluminum alloy engine cylinder block, which relates to a ceramic treatment method for cylinder bores of an engine cylinder block. The invention aims to solve the existing technical problems of the pollution of hard chromium electroplating on the cylinder bore of the cylinder body and the short service life of the cylinder body or the relatively thin thickness of the oxide film dense layer obtained by the oxidation treatment method. The method is as follows: fix the graphite rod in the cylinder hole of the cylinder block, then immerse the whole in the alkaline working fluid, apply a DC pulse between the graphite rod and the cylinder block with a DC pulse power supply, connect the graphite rod to the negative pole, and connect the cylinder body to the positive pole , so that the alkaline working fluid in the cylinder bore forms a circulating flow, and keeps the temperature of the alkaline working fluid not higher than 50°C. This method can form a layer of Al 2 O 3 ceramic film on the inner wall of the cylinder bore. The hardness of the ceramic film is It can reach more than HV800, and the thickness is 30 μm to 150 μm, which can significantly improve the performance and service life of the engine (it can increase the output power by about 10%, save fuel by more than 15%, and increase the service life by more than 2 times).
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种对发动机缸体缸孔陶瓷化处理方法。The invention relates to a ceramic treatment method for cylinder bores of engine cylinder blocks.
背景技术 Background technique
发动机汽缸缸孔表面与活塞环配合，工作中活塞环在缸孔内高速上下滑动，这就要求缸孔表面必须耐磨，并能满足发动机工作性能和使用寿命的要求。The surface of the cylinder bore of the engine cylinder cooperates with the piston ring, and the piston ring slides up and down at high speed in the cylinder bore during operation, which requires the surface of the cylinder bore to be wear-resistant and meet the requirements of the engine's working performance and service life.
园林机械(如割草机和油锯等)用发动机均采用无缸套一体化铝合金汽缸，因铝合金较软不耐磨，需要对缸孔进行表面处理，满足发动机对汽缸的耐磨性的要求。目前，缸孔表面处理以电镀硬铬工艺为主，这种工艺对环境污染严重，并且汽缸使用寿命较短。The engines used in garden machinery (such as lawn mowers and chain saws, etc.) all use integrated aluminum alloy cylinders without cylinder liners. Because the aluminum alloy is soft and not wear-resistant, the surface treatment of the cylinder holes is required to meet the wear resistance of the engine to the cylinder. requirements. At present, the surface treatment of cylinder bore is mainly based on electroplating hard chrome process, which seriously pollutes the environment and has a short service life of the cylinder.
船用舷外机(或称外挂机)和乘用车发动机一般采用缸套式分体汽缸，这种汽缸在装配时缸套和缸体为紧配合，装配难度大，工艺成本高。因此，如果直接在缸孔表面生成一层耐磨涂层，通过这一耐磨涂层期望实现无缸套式整体汽缸，达到简化工艺、改善发动机性能和寿命的目的。Marine outboard motors (or outboard motors) and passenger car engines generally use liner-type split cylinders. When assembling this type of cylinder, the liner and cylinder body are tightly fitted, which makes assembly difficult and costly. Therefore, if a layer of wear-resistant coating is directly formed on the surface of the cylinder bore, it is expected to realize the linerless integral cylinder through this wear-resistant coating, so as to simplify the process and improve the performance and life of the engine.
现有方法实现对缸体缸孔进行氧化处理，但存在如下问题：(1)该工艺采用导流管将缸孔内的工作液排出，受导流管流量限制，氧化时产生的热量如果不能及时排出，就会使缸孔内溶液温度上升很快，使缸孔受热变形，产生圆度或圆柱度误差。(2)如割草机、油锯等用的汽缸缸体上无法安装导流管，即使能够安装，也只能在火花塞的位置安装，导致溶液排出流量很小，将造成缸孔内溶液温度急剧上升，使缸孔受热变形，同样也将产生圆度或圆柱度误差。(3)由于该工艺采用单向直流脉冲电源，氧化膜致密层厚度很难超过0.05mm。(4)该工艺采用不锈钢管，由于氧化过程中阴极存在损耗，因此不锈钢管必须频繁更换。The existing method realizes the oxidation treatment of the cylinder bore of the cylinder block, but there are the following problems: (1) This process uses a diversion tube to discharge the working fluid in the cylinder bore, and due to the flow limitation of the diversion tube, if the heat generated during oxidation cannot If it is discharged in time, the temperature of the solution in the cylinder hole will rise rapidly, causing the cylinder hole to be heated and deformed, resulting in roundness or cylindricity errors. (2) For example, the guide tube cannot be installed on the cylinder block of the lawn mower, chain saw, etc. Even if it can be installed, it can only be installed at the position of the spark plug, resulting in a small discharge flow of the solution, which will cause the temperature of the solution in the cylinder hole to increase. The sharp rise will cause the cylinder bore to be deformed by heat, and will also produce roundness or cylindricity errors. (3) Since the process uses a unidirectional DC pulse power supply, the thickness of the dense layer of the oxide film is difficult to exceed 0.05mm. (4) The process uses stainless steel tubes. Due to the loss of the cathode during the oxidation process, the stainless steel tubes must be replaced frequently.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是为了解决对缸体缸孔电镀硬铬的污染和缸体使用寿命短或氧化处理的方法得到的氧化膜致密层厚度比较薄的技术问题，提供了一种铝合金发动机缸体缸孔陶瓷化处理方法。The purpose of the present invention is to provide an aluminum alloy engine cylinder block in order to solve the technical problems of the pollution of hard chrome plating on the cylinder bore and the short service life of the cylinder block or the relatively thin thickness of the oxide film dense layer obtained by oxidation treatment. Cylinder bore ceramic treatment method.
铝合金发动机缸体缸孔陶瓷化处理方法如下：The ceramic treatment method of aluminum alloy engine cylinder block and cylinder hole is as follows:
碱性工作液置于槽体中，将石墨棒固定在汽缸体的缸孔中，然后整体浸入碱性工作液中，石墨棒接直流脉冲电源负极，汽缸体接直流脉冲电源正极，工作液循环泵通过工作液循环入口管从槽体中抽取碱性工作液，同时通过工作液循环出口管将碱性工作液注入到汽缸体的缸孔中，使缸孔中的碱性工作液形成循环流动，并保持碱性工作液液温不高于50℃，在石墨棒与汽缸体之间施加直流脉冲处理一个周期S，完成铝合金发动机缸体缸孔陶瓷化；Put the alkaline working liquid in the tank, fix the graphite rod in the cylinder hole of the cylinder block, and then immerse the whole in the alkaline working liquid. The pump draws the alkaline working fluid from the tank through the working fluid circulation inlet pipe, and at the same time injects the alkaline working fluid into the cylinder bore of the cylinder block through the working fluid circulation outlet pipe, so that the alkaline working fluid in the cylinder bore forms a circulating flow , and keep the temperature of the alkaline working fluid not higher than 50°C, apply DC pulse treatment for a cycle S between the graphite rod and the cylinder block, and complete the ceramicization of the cylinder bore of the aluminum alloy engine block;
所述碱性工作液由氢氧化钾和硅酸钠组成，其中氢氧化钾的浓度为1g/L～2g/L，硅酸钠的浓度为2g/L～20g/L；The alkaline working solution is composed of potassium hydroxide and sodium silicate, wherein the concentration of potassium hydroxide is 1g/L-2g/L, and the concentration of sodium silicate is 2g/L-20g/L;
所述一个周期S内直流脉冲按照以下方式进行：The DC pulse in the one period S is carried out in the following manner:
在t1时刻，输出一宽度为Tz1、幅值为Vz1的正向脉冲，At time t1, output a forward pulse with a width of Tz1 and an amplitude of Vz1,
该脉冲结束时立即输出一宽度为Tf1、幅值为Vf1的负向脉冲；Immediately output a negative pulse with a width of Tf1 and an amplitude of Vf1 when the pulse ends;
在t2时刻，输出一宽度为Tz2、幅值为Vz1的正向脉冲，At time t2, output a forward pulse with a width of Tz2 and an amplitude of Vz1,
该脉冲结束时立即输出一宽度为Tf2、幅值为Vf1的负向脉冲；Immediately output a negative pulse with a width of Tf2 and an amplitude of Vf1 when the pulse ends;
按同样规律，By the same rule,
在ti时刻，输出一宽度为Tzi、幅值为Vz1的正向脉冲，At time ti, output a forward pulse with a width of Tzi and an amplitude of Vz1,
该脉冲结束时立即输出一宽度为Tfi、幅值为Vf1的负向脉冲；Immediately output a negative pulse with a width of Tfi and an amplitude of Vf1 when the pulse ends;
任意时刻的正向脉冲幅值相等均为Vz1，正向脉冲幅值Vz1为500V～700V，任意时刻的负向脉冲幅值相等均为Vf1，负向脉冲幅值Vf1为-150V～-30V，脉冲频率为20Hz～500Hz，The same positive pulse amplitude at any time is Vz1, the positive pulse amplitude Vz1 is 500V ~ 700V, the negative pulse amplitude is equal at any time is Vf1, the negative pulse amplitude Vf1 is -150V ~ -30V, The pulse frequency is 20Hz～500Hz,
Tzi＝Tfi，Vzi＞Vfi，ti＞ti-1+Tz1+Tf1，t0＝0，Tz1＝Tf1＝0.01s～0.08s，i＝1，2，3，4，……n，从t1时刻开始到tn刻为一周期S，S为40min～90min。Tzi=Tfi, Vzi>Vfi, ti>t i-1 +Tz1+Tf1, t 0 =0, Tz1=Tf1=0.01s～0.08s, i=1, 2, 3, 4, ... n, from t1 From the beginning of time to the moment tn is a period S, and S is 40min～90min.
上述碱性工作液还可以由钨酸钠及铝酸钠中的一种或两种与氢氧化钾和硅酸钠组成，其中钨酸钠的浓度为1g/L～8g/L，铝酸钠的浓度为1g/L～10g/L，氢氧化钾的浓度为1g/L～2g/L，硅酸钠的浓度为2g/L～20g/。The above alkaline working solution can also be composed of one or two of sodium tungstate and sodium aluminate, potassium hydroxide and sodium silicate, wherein the concentration of sodium tungstate is 1g/L-8g/L, sodium aluminate The concentration of potassium hydroxide is 1g/L～10g/L, the concentration of potassium hydroxide is 1g/L～2g/L, and the concentration of sodium silicate is 2g/L～20g/L.
本发明通过在石墨棒(也可采用不锈钢或钛合金棒)和铝合金汽缸体之间施加脉冲电压，利用高压脉冲电源在缸孔表面产生等离子体放电，使其和碱性工作液中的氧在电场和瞬时高温下发生电化学反应生成以α相为主的AL2O3陶瓷膜层，牢固地生长附着在缸孔内壁表面。该陶瓷膜层具有与基体结合强度高、耐腐蚀、耐磨损、耐高温、抗烧蚀的特点。In the present invention, a pulse voltage is applied between a graphite rod (stainless steel or titanium alloy rod can also be used) and an aluminum alloy cylinder block, and a high-voltage pulse power supply is used to generate a plasma discharge on the surface of the cylinder bore to make it react with the oxygen in the alkaline working fluid. Under the electric field and instantaneous high temperature, an electrochemical reaction occurs to form an AL 2 O 3 ceramic film layer mainly in the α phase, which grows firmly and adheres to the inner wall surface of the cylinder bore. The ceramic film layer has the characteristics of high bonding strength with the substrate, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, high temperature resistance and ablation resistance.
本方法能够在缸孔内壁上生成一层AL2O3陶瓷膜，该陶瓷膜硬度可达到HV800以上，厚度为30μm～150μm，能够显著提高发动机的性能和使用寿命(可提高约10％的输出功率，节油在15％以上，并能增加使用寿命达2倍以上)。This method can generate a layer of Al 2 O 3 ceramic film on the inner wall of the cylinder bore, the hardness of the ceramic film can reach more than HV800, and the thickness is 30 μm to 150 μm, which can significantly improve the performance and service life of the engine (the output can be increased by about 10%) Power, fuel saving is more than 15%, and can increase the service life by more than 2 times).
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本发明方法示意图；图2是本发明直流脉冲电源施加直流脉冲的波形图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the method of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a waveform diagram of a DC pulse power supply of the present invention applying a DC pulse.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
本发明技术方案不局限于以下所列举具体实施方式，还包括各具体实施方式间的任意组合。The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments listed below, but also includes any combination of the specific embodiments.
具体实施方式一：结合图1和图2本实施方式铝合金发动机缸体缸孔陶瓷化处理方法如下：Specific Embodiment 1: Combining Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the ceramic treatment method of aluminum alloy engine cylinder block cylinder hole in this embodiment is as follows:
碱性工作液置于槽体6中，将石墨棒2固定在汽缸体1的缸孔中，然后整体浸入碱性工作液中，石墨棒2接直流脉冲电源负极，汽缸体1接直流脉冲电源正极，工作液循环泵5通过工作液循环入口管4从槽体6中抽取碱性工作液，同时通过工作液循环出口管3将碱性工作液注入到汽缸体1的缸孔中，使缸孔中的碱性工作液形成循环流动，并保持碱性工作液液温不高于50℃，在石墨棒2与汽缸体1之间施加直流脉冲处理一个周期S，完成铝合金发动机缸体缸孔陶瓷化；The alkaline working fluid is placed in the
所述碱性工作液由氢氧化钾和硅酸钠组成，其中氢氧化钾的浓度为1g/L～2g/L，硅酸钠的浓度为2g/L～20g/L；The alkaline working solution is composed of potassium hydroxide and sodium silicate, wherein the concentration of potassium hydroxide is 1g/L-2g/L, and the concentration of sodium silicate is 2g/L-20g/L;
所述一个周期S内直流脉冲按照以下方式进行：The DC pulse in the one period S is carried out in the following manner:
在t1时刻，输出一宽度为Tz1、幅值为Vz1的正向脉冲，At time t1, output a forward pulse with a width of Tz1 and an amplitude of Vz1,
该脉冲结束时立即输出一宽度为Tf1、幅值为Vf1的负向脉冲；Immediately output a negative pulse with a width of Tf1 and an amplitude of Vf1 when the pulse ends;
在t2时刻，输出一宽度为Tz2、幅值为Vz1的正向脉冲，At time t2, output a forward pulse with a width of Tz2 and an amplitude of Vz1,
该脉冲结束时立即输出一宽度为Tf2、幅值为Vf1的负向脉冲；Immediately output a negative pulse with a width of Tf2 and an amplitude of Vf1 when the pulse ends;
按同样规律，By the same rule,
在ti时刻，输出一宽度为Tzi、幅值为Vz1的正向脉冲，At time ti, output a forward pulse with a width of Tzi and an amplitude of Vz1,
该脉冲结束时立即输出一宽度为Tfi、幅值为Vf1的负向脉冲；Immediately output a negative pulse with a width of Tfi and an amplitude of Vf1 when the pulse ends;
任意时刻的正向脉冲幅值相等均为Vz1，正向脉冲幅值Vz1为500V～700V，任意时刻的负向脉冲幅值相等均为Vf1，负向脉冲幅值Vf1为-150V～-30V，脉冲频率为20Hz～500Hz，The same positive pulse amplitude at any time is Vz1, the positive pulse amplitude Vz1 is 500V ~ 700V, the negative pulse amplitude is equal at any time is Vf1, the negative pulse amplitude Vf1 is -150V ~ -30V, The pulse frequency is 20Hz～500Hz,
Tzi＝Tfi，Vzi＞Vfi，ti＞ti-1+Tz1+Tf1，t0＝0，Tz1＝Tf1＝0.01s～0.08s，i＝1，2，3，4，……n，从t1时刻开始到tn时刻为一周期S，S为40min～90min。Tzi=Tfi, Vzi>Vfi, ti>t i-1 +Tz1+Tf1, t 0 =0, Tz1=Tf1=0.01s～0.08s, i=1, 2, 3, 4, ... n, from t1 From the beginning of time to the time tn is a cycle S, and S is 40min～90min.
具体实施方式二：本实施方式与具体实施方式一不同的是步骤一中所述碱性工作液由氢氧化钾和硅酸钠组成，其中氢氧化钾的浓度为2g/L，硅酸钠的浓度为15g/L。其它与具体实施方式一相同。Specific embodiment two: the difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment one is that the alkaline working solution described in step one is composed of potassium hydroxide and sodium silicate, wherein the concentration of potassium hydroxide is 2g/L, and the concentration of sodium silicate The concentration is 15g/L. Others are the same as in the first embodiment.
具体实施方式三：本实施方式与具体实施方式一不同的是步骤二中所述正向脉冲幅值Vz1为520V，负向脉冲幅值Vf1为-80V。其它与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 3: The difference between this embodiment and
具体实施方式四：结合图1和图2本实施方式铝合金发动机缸体缸孔陶瓷化处理方法如下：Specific Embodiment Four: Combining Figure 1 and Figure 2, the ceramic treatment method of the cylinder bore of the aluminum alloy engine cylinder in this embodiment is as follows:
碱性工作液置于槽体6中，将石墨棒2固定在汽缸体1的缸孔中，然后整体浸入碱性工作液中，石墨棒2接直流脉冲电源负极，汽缸体1接直流脉冲电源正极，工作液循环泵5通过工作液循环入口管4从槽体6中抽取碱性工作液，同时通过工作液循环出口管3将碱性工作液注入到汽缸体1的缸孔中，使缸孔中的碱性工作液形成循环流动，并保持碱性工作液液温不高于50℃，在石墨棒2与汽缸体1之间施加直流脉冲处理一个周期S，完成铝合金发动机缸体缸孔陶瓷化；The alkaline working fluid is placed in the
所述碱性工作液由钨酸钠或铝酸钠与氢氧化钾和硅酸钠组成，其中钨酸钠的浓度为1g/L～8g/L，铝酸钠的浓度为1g/L～10g/L，氢氧化钾的浓度为1g/L～2g/L，硅酸钠的浓度为2g/L～20g/L；The alkaline working solution is composed of sodium tungstate or sodium aluminate, potassium hydroxide and sodium silicate, wherein the concentration of sodium tungstate is 1g/L-8g/L, and the concentration of sodium aluminate is 1g/L-10g /L, the concentration of potassium hydroxide is 1g/L～2g/L, the concentration of sodium silicate is 2g/L～20g/L;
所述一个周期S内直流脉冲按照以下方式进行：The DC pulse in the one period S is carried out in the following manner:
在t1时刻，输出一宽度为Tz1、幅值为Vz1的正向脉冲，At time t1, output a forward pulse with a width of Tz1 and an amplitude of Vz1,
该脉冲结束时立即输出一宽度为Tf1、幅值为Vf1的负向脉冲；Immediately output a negative pulse with a width of Tf1 and an amplitude of Vf1 when the pulse ends;
在t2时刻，输出一宽度为Tz2、幅值为Vz1的正向脉冲，At time t2, output a forward pulse with a width of Tz2 and an amplitude of Vz1,
该脉冲结束时立即输出一宽度为Tf2、幅值为Vf1的负向脉冲；Immediately output a negative pulse with a width of Tf2 and an amplitude of Vf1 when the pulse ends;
按同样规律，By the same rule,
在ti时刻，输出一宽度为Tzi、幅值为Vz1的正向脉冲，At time ti, output a forward pulse with a width of Tzi and an amplitude of Vz1,
该脉冲结束时立即输出一宽度为Tfi、幅值为Vf1的负向脉冲；Immediately output a negative pulse with a width of Tfi and an amplitude of Vf1 when the pulse ends;
任意时刻的正向脉冲幅值相等均为Vz1，正向脉冲幅值Vz1为500V～700V，任意时刻的负向脉冲幅值相等均为Vf1，负向脉冲幅值Vf1为-150V～-30V，脉冲频率为20Hz～500Hz，The same positive pulse amplitude at any time is Vz1, the positive pulse amplitude Vz1 is 500V ~ 700V, the negative pulse amplitude is equal at any time is Vf1, the negative pulse amplitude Vf1 is -150V ~ -30V, The pulse frequency is 20Hz～500Hz,
Tzi＝Tfi，Vzi＞Vfi，ti＞ti-1+Tz1+Tf1，t0＝0，Tz1＝Tf1＝0.01s～0.08s，i＝1，2，3，4，……n，从t1时刻开始到tn时刻为一周期S，S为40min～90min。Tzi=Tfi, Vzi>Vfi, ti>t i-1 +Tz1+Tf1, t 0 =0, Tz1=Tf1=0.01s～0.08s, i=1, 2, 3, 4, ... n, from t1 From the beginning of time to the time tn is a cycle S, and S is 40min～90min.
具体实施方式五：本实施方式与具体实施方式四不同的是步骤一中所述碱性工作液由氢氧化钾和硅酸钠组成，其中氢氧化钾的浓度为2g/L，硅酸钠的浓度为15g/L。其它与具体实施方式四相同。Specific embodiment five: the difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment four is that the alkaline working solution described in step one is composed of potassium hydroxide and sodium silicate, wherein the concentration of potassium hydroxide is 2g/L, and the concentration of sodium silicate The concentration is 15g/L. Others are the same as in
具体实施方式六：本实施方式与具体实施方式四不同的是步骤二中所述正向脉冲幅值Vz1为520V，负向脉冲幅值Vf1为-80V。其它与具体实施方式四相同。Embodiment 6: This embodiment differs from
具体实施方式七：结合图1和图2本实施方式铝合金发动机缸体缸孔陶瓷化处理方法如下：Specific Embodiment Seven: Combining Figure 1 and Figure 2, the ceramic treatment method of the aluminum alloy engine cylinder block and cylinder hole in this embodiment is as follows:
碱性工作液置于槽体6中，将石墨棒2固定在汽缸体1的缸孔中，然后整体浸入碱性工作液中，石墨棒2接直流脉冲电源负极，汽缸体1接直流脉冲电源正极，工作液循环泵5通过工作液循环入口管4从槽体6中抽取碱性工作液，同时通过工作液循环出口管3将碱性工作液注入到汽缸体1的缸孔中，使缸孔中的碱性工作液形成循环流动，并保持碱性工作液液温不高于50℃，在石墨棒2与汽缸体1之间施加直流脉冲处理一个周期S，完成铝合金发动机缸体缸孔陶瓷化；The alkaline working fluid is placed in the
所述碱性工作液由钨酸钠、铝酸钠、氢氧化钾和硅酸钠组成，其中钨酸钠的浓度为1g/L～8g/L，铝酸钠的浓度为1g/L～10g/L，氢氧化钾的浓度为1g/L～2g/L，硅酸钠的浓度为2g/L～20g/L；The alkaline working solution is composed of sodium tungstate, sodium aluminate, potassium hydroxide and sodium silicate, wherein the concentration of sodium tungstate is 1g/L-8g/L, and the concentration of sodium aluminate is 1g/L-10g /L, the concentration of potassium hydroxide is 1g/L～2g/L, the concentration of sodium silicate is 2g/L～20g/L;
所述一个周期S内直流脉冲按照以下方式进行：The DC pulse in the one period S is carried out in the following manner:
在t1时刻，输出一宽度为Tz1、幅值为Vz1的正向脉冲，At time t1, output a forward pulse with a width of Tz1 and an amplitude of Vz1,
该脉冲结束时立即输出一宽度为Tf1、幅值为Vf1的负向脉冲；Immediately output a negative pulse with a width of Tf1 and an amplitude of Vf1 when the pulse ends;
在t2时刻，输出一宽度为Tz2、幅值为Vz1的正向脉冲，At time t2, output a forward pulse with a width of Tz2 and an amplitude of Vz1,
该脉冲结束时立即输出一宽度为Tf2、幅值为Vf1的负向脉冲；Immediately output a negative pulse with a width of Tf2 and an amplitude of Vf1 when the pulse ends;
按同样规律，By the same rule,
在ti时刻，输出一宽度为Tzi、幅值为Vz1的正向脉冲，At time ti, output a forward pulse with a width of Tzi and an amplitude of Vz1,
该脉冲结束时立即输出一宽度为Tfi、幅值为Vf1的负向脉冲；Immediately output a negative pulse with a width of Tfi and an amplitude of Vf1 when the pulse ends;
任意时刻的正向脉冲幅值相等均为Vz1，正向脉冲幅值Vz1为500V～700V，任意时刻的负向脉冲幅值相等均为Vf1，负向脉冲幅值Vf1为-150V～-30V，脉冲频率为20Hz～500Hz，The same positive pulse amplitude at any time is Vz1, the positive pulse amplitude Vz1 is 500V ~ 700V, the negative pulse amplitude is equal at any time is Vf1, the negative pulse amplitude Vf1 is -150V ~ -30V, The pulse frequency is 20Hz～500Hz,
Tzi＝Tfi，Vzi＞Vfi，ti＞ti-1+Tz1+Tf1，t0＝0，Tz1＝Tf1＝0.01s～0.08s，i＝1，2，3，4，......n，从t1时刻开始到tn时刻为一周期S，S为40min～90min。Tzi=Tfi, Vzi>Vfi, ti>t i-1 +Tz1+Tf1, t 0 =0, Tz1=Tf1=0.01s～0.08s, i=1, 2, 3, 4,... n, from time t1 to time tn is a cycle S, and S is 40min to 90min.
具体实施方式八：本实施方式与具体实施方式七不同的是步骤一中所述碱性工作液由氢氧化钾和硅酸钠组成，其中氢氧化钾的浓度为2g/L，硅酸钠的浓度为15g/L。其它与具体实施方式七相同。Embodiment 8: The difference between this embodiment and
具体实施方式九：本实施方式与具体实施方式七不同的是步骤二中所述正向脉冲幅值Vz1为520V，负向脉冲幅值Vf1为-80V。其它与具体实施方式七相同。Embodiment 9: This embodiment differs from
采用下述实验验证本发明效果：Adopt following experiment verification effect of the present invention:
实验一：experiment one:
结合图1和图2本实验铝合金发动机缸体缸孔陶瓷化处理方法如下：Combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2, the ceramic treatment method of the cylinder bore of the aluminum alloy engine cylinder in this experiment is as follows:
碱性工作液置于槽体6中，将石墨棒2固定在汽缸体1的缸孔中，然后整体浸入碱性工作液中，石墨棒2接直流脉冲电源负极，汽缸体1接直流脉冲电源正极，工作液循环泵5通过工作液循环入口管4从槽体6中抽取碱性工作液，同时通过工作液循环出口管3将碱性工作液注入到汽缸体1的缸孔中，使缸孔中的碱性工作液形成循环流动，并保持碱性工作液液温为35±5℃，在石墨棒2与汽缸体1之间施加直流脉冲处理一个周期S，完成铝合金发动机缸体缸孔陶瓷化；The alkaline working fluid is placed in the
所述碱性工作液由氢氧化钾和硅酸钠组成，其中氢氧化钾的浓度为2g/L，硅酸钠的浓度为10g/L；The alkaline working solution is composed of potassium hydroxide and sodium silicate, wherein the concentration of potassium hydroxide is 2g/L, and the concentration of sodium silicate is 10g/L;
所述一个周期S内直流脉冲按照以下方式进行：The DC pulse in the one period S is carried out in the following manner:
在t1时刻，输出一宽度为Tz1、幅值为Vz1的正向脉冲，At time t1, output a forward pulse with a width of Tz1 and an amplitude of Vz1,
该脉冲结束时立即输出一宽度为Tf1、幅值为Vf1的负向脉冲；Immediately output a negative pulse with a width of Tf1 and an amplitude of Vf1 when the pulse ends;
在t2时刻，输出一宽度为Tz2、幅值为Vz1的正向脉冲，At time t2, output a forward pulse with a width of Tz2 and an amplitude of Vz1,
该脉冲结束时立即输出一宽度为Tf2、幅值为Vf1的负向脉冲；Immediately output a negative pulse with a width of Tf2 and an amplitude of Vf1 when the pulse ends;
按同样规律，By the same rule,
在ti时刻，输出一宽度为Tzi、幅值为Vz1的正向脉冲，At time ti, output a forward pulse with a width of Tzi and an amplitude of Vz1,
该脉冲结束时立即输出一宽度为Tfi、幅值为Vf1的负向脉冲；Immediately output a negative pulse with a width of Tfi and an amplitude of Vf1 when the pulse ends;
任意时刻的正向脉冲幅值相等均为Vz1，正向脉冲幅值Vz1为520V，任意时刻的负向脉冲幅值相等均为Vf1，负向脉冲幅值Vf1为-80V，脉冲频率为200Hz，The positive pulse amplitude at any time is Vz1, the positive pulse amplitude Vz1 is 520V, the negative pulse amplitude at any time is Vf1, the negative pulse amplitude Vf1 is -80V, and the pulse frequency is 200Hz.
Tzi＝Tfi，Vzi＞Vfi，ti＞ti-1+Tz1+Tf1，t0＝0，Tz1＝Tf1＝0.01s，i＝1，2，3，4，……n，从t1时刻开始到tn时刻为一周期S，S为60min。Tzi=Tfi, Vzi>Vfi, ti>t i-1 +Tz1+Tf1, t 0 =0, Tz1=Tf1=0.01s, i=1, 2, 3, 4,...n, from time t1 to Time tn is a cycle S, and S is 60min.
其中i＝1，2，3，4，……n，从t1时刻开始到ti时刻为一周期T，T为60min。Wherein i=1, 2, 3, 4, ... n, from time t1 to time ti is a cycle T, and T is 60min.
实验二：Experiment 2:
碱性工作液置于槽体6中，将石墨棒2固定在汽缸体1的缸孔中，然后整体浸入碱性工作液中，石墨棒2接直流脉冲电源负极，汽缸体1接直流脉冲电源正极，工作液循环泵5通过工作液循环入口管4从槽体6中抽取碱性工作液，同时通过工作液循环出口管3将碱性工作液注入到汽缸体1的缸孔中，使缸孔中的碱性工作液形成循环流动，并保持碱性工作液液温为35±5℃，在石墨棒2与汽缸体1之间施加直流脉冲处理一个周期S，完成铝合金发动机缸体缸孔陶瓷化；The alkaline working fluid is placed in the
所述碱性工作液由钨酸钠、氢氧化钾和硅酸钠组成，其中钨酸钠的浓度为5g/L，氢氧化钾的浓度为1g/L，硅酸钠的浓度为15g/L；The alkaline working solution is composed of sodium tungstate, potassium hydroxide and sodium silicate, wherein the concentration of sodium tungstate is 5g/L, the concentration of potassium hydroxide is 1g/L, and the concentration of sodium silicate is 15g/L ;
所述一个周期S内直流脉冲按照以下方式进行：The DC pulse in the one period S is carried out in the following manner:
在t1时刻，输出一宽度为Tz1、幅值为Vz1的正向脉冲，At time t1, output a forward pulse with a width of Tz1 and an amplitude of Vz1,
该脉冲结束时立即输出一宽度为Tf1、幅值为Vf1的负向脉冲；Immediately output a negative pulse with a width of Tf1 and an amplitude of Vf1 when the pulse ends;
在t2时刻，输出一宽度为Tz2、幅值为Vz1的正向脉冲，At time t2, output a forward pulse with a width of Tz2 and an amplitude of Vz1,
该脉冲结束时立即输出一宽度为Tf2、幅值为Vf1的负向脉冲；Immediately output a negative pulse with a width of Tf2 and an amplitude of Vf1 when the pulse ends;
按同样规律，By the same rule,
在ti时刻，输出一宽度为Tzi、幅值为Vz1的正向脉冲，At time ti, output a forward pulse with a width of Tzi and an amplitude of Vz1,
该脉冲结束时立即输出一宽度为Tfi、幅值为Vf1的负向脉冲；Immediately output a negative pulse with a width of Tfi and an amplitude of Vf1 when the pulse ends;
任意时刻的正向脉冲幅值相等均为Vz1，正向脉冲幅值Vz1为520V，任意时刻的负向脉冲幅值相等均为Vf1，负向脉冲幅值Vf1为-80V，脉冲频率为200Hz，Tzi＝Tfi，Vzi＞Vfi，ti＞ti-1+Tz1+Tf1，t0＝0，Tz1＝Tf1＝0.08s，i＝1，2，3，4，……n，从t1时刻开始到tn时刻为一周期S，S为50min。The positive pulse amplitude at any time is Vz1, the positive pulse amplitude Vz1 is 520V, the negative pulse amplitude at any time is Vf1, the negative pulse amplitude Vf1 is -80V, and the pulse frequency is 200Hz. Tzi=Tfi, Vzi>Vfi, ti>t i-1 +Tz1+Tf1, t 0 =0, Tz1=Tf1=0.08s, i=1, 2, 3, 4,...n, from time t1 to Time tn is a cycle S, and S is 50min.
实验三：Experiment three:
碱性工作液置于槽体6中，将石墨棒2固定在汽缸体1的缸孔中，然后整体浸入碱性工作液中，石墨棒2接直流脉冲电源负极，汽缸体1接直流脉冲电源正极，工作液循环泵5通过工作液循环入口管4从槽体6中抽取碱性工作液，同时通过工作液循环出口管3将碱性工作液注入到汽缸体1的缸孔中，使缸孔中的碱性工作液形成循环流动，并保持碱性工作液液温为35±5℃，在石墨棒2与汽缸体1之间施加直流脉冲处理一个周期S，完成铝合金发动机缸体缸孔陶瓷化；The alkaline working fluid is placed in the
所述碱性工作液由钨酸钠、铝酸钠、氢氧化钾和硅酸钠组成，其中钨酸钠的浓度为3g/L，铝酸钠的浓度为6g/L，氢氧化钾的浓度为2g/L，硅酸钠的浓度为8g/L；The alkaline working solution is composed of sodium tungstate, sodium aluminate, potassium hydroxide and sodium silicate, wherein the concentration of sodium tungstate is 3g/L, the concentration of sodium aluminate is 6g/L, and the concentration of potassium hydroxide 2g/L, the concentration of sodium silicate is 8g/L;
所述一个周期S内直流脉冲按照以下方式进行：The DC pulse in the one period S is carried out in the following manner:
在t1时刻，输出一宽度为Tz1、幅值为Vz1的正向脉冲，At time t1, output a forward pulse with a width of Tz1 and an amplitude of Vz1,
该脉冲结束时立即输出一宽度为Tf1、幅值为Vf1的负向脉冲；Immediately output a negative pulse with a width of Tf1 and an amplitude of Vf1 when the pulse ends;
在t2时刻，输出一宽度为Tz2、幅值为Vz1的正向脉冲，At time t2, output a forward pulse with a width of Tz2 and an amplitude of Vz1,
该脉冲结束时立即输出一宽度为Tf2、幅值为Vf1的负向脉冲；Immediately output a negative pulse with a width of Tf2 and an amplitude of Vf1 when the pulse ends;
按同样规律，By the same rule,
在ti时刻，输出一宽度为Tzi、幅值为Vz1的正向脉冲，At time ti, output a forward pulse with a width of Tzi and an amplitude of Vz1,
该脉冲结束时立即输出一宽度为Tfi、幅值为Vf1的负向脉冲；Immediately output a negative pulse with a width of Tfi and an amplitude of Vf1 when the pulse ends;
任意时刻的正向脉冲幅值相等均为Vz1，正向脉冲幅值Vz1为520V，任意时刻的负向脉冲幅值相等均为Vf1，负向脉冲幅值Vf1为-80V，脉冲频率为200Hz，Tzi＝Tfi，Vzi＞Vfi，ti＞ti-1+Tz1+Tf1，t0＝0，Tz1＝Tf1＝0.05s，i＝1，2，3，4，……n，从t1时刻开始到tn时刻为一周期S，S为50min。The positive pulse amplitude at any time is Vz1, the positive pulse amplitude Vz1 is 520V, the negative pulse amplitude at any time is Vf1, the negative pulse amplitude Vf1 is -80V, and the pulse frequency is 200Hz. Tzi=Tfi, Vzi>Vfi, ti>t i-1 +Tz1+Tf1, t 0 =0, Tz1=Tf1=0.05s, i=1, 2, 3, 4,... n, from time t1 to Time tn is a cycle S, and S is 50min.
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| CN103014803A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-04-03 | 江苏大学 | Small hole strengthening method with combination of laser shock and micro-arc oxidation |
| CN103014803B (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2016-03-02 | 江苏大学 | The reinforcement method for small hole that a kind of laser-impact and differential arc oxidation combine |
| CN103526252A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-01-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for composite ceramic treatment of rotor spinning cup |
| CN103775333A (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-05-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Three-screw pump machine barrel and ceramic treatment method of inner surface of three-screw pump machine barrel |
| CN103775333B (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2017-02-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Three-screw pump machine barrel and ceramic treatment method of inner surface of three-screw pump machine barrel |
| CN108368633A (en) * | 2015-09-03 | 2018-08-03 | 美特倍股份有限公司 | Form the improved method of the pipeline coatings of cylinder cover and thus obtained cylinder cover |
| CN109371441A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-02-22 | 中国特种飞行器研究所 | A kind of inner-cavity structure differential arc oxidation method |
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