CN102690919A - Flash smelting method of iron - Google Patents
Flash smelting method of iron Download PDFInfo
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- CN102690919A CN102690919A CN2012101792263A CN201210179226A CN102690919A CN 102690919 A CN102690919 A CN 102690919A CN 2012101792263 A CN2012101792263 A CN 2012101792263A CN 201210179226 A CN201210179226 A CN 201210179226A CN 102690919 A CN102690919 A CN 102690919A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flash smelting method of iron. A flash smelting furnace comprises a reaction tower, a furnace charge nozzle, a molten bath and a flue, wherein a reaction space is limited in the reaction tower, the furnace charge nozzle is arranged at the top of the reaction tower, the molten bath is arranged on the lower portion of the reaction tower and used for containing melt fallen from the space of the reaction tower after reaction and for a subsequent reduction reaction of the melt, and the flue is communicated with the reaction tower through the molten bath and used for discharging flue gas generated during the reaction. The flash smelting furnace in the embodiment can be effectively used for flash smelting of the iron.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of metallurgy.Particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of flash metallurgical method of iron.More specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of flash smelting furnace and the method for utilizing this flash smelting furnace to smelt iron.
Background technology
Oneself has the history in more than 200 year blast furnace process, and it remains the most basic iron-smelting process in the whole world at present.It is made up of operations such as making ball, drying, sintering, fragmentation, smelting, so long flow path, investment is big, energy consumption is high.
Thereby present iron smelting method still remains to be improved.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to solve at least one of technical problem that exists in the prior art.
For this reason, one object of the present invention is to propose a kind of flash smelting furnace, and the low and operating safety of said flash smelting furnace cost can be used for ironmaking effectively.
Another object of the present invention is to propose a kind of method of using above-mentioned flash smelting furnace to smelt iron.
To achieve these goals, according to an aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of flash smelting furnace.According to embodiments of the invention, this flash smelting furnace comprises: reaction tower is limited with reaction compartment in this reaction tower; The furnace charge nozzle, this furnace charge nozzle is arranged on the reaction tower top; The molten bath, this molten bath is arranged on the bottom of reaction tower, is used for holding melt that falls after the reaction compartment reaction and the subsequent reactions that carries out melt; And flue, this flue is connected with reaction tower through the molten bath, is used to discharge the flue gas that reaction process produces.Utilization can be carried out melting to iron sand effectively according to the flash smelting furnace of the embodiment of the invention.
According to embodiments of the invention, above-mentioned flash smelting furnace can also have following additional technical feature:
According to one embodiment of present invention, reaction tower and molten bath one of at least by be selected from refractory brick, amorphous refractory materials adds at least a of water wall and processes.
According to one embodiment of present invention, reaction tower further is provided with refractory brick damascene copper water jacket or water wall, or open fire formula water-cooled protector is set.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the internal diameter of reaction tower can be 3-16 rice, highly can be 6-10 rice, and preferably, the internal diameter of reaction tower is 10 meters, highly is 8 meters.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the transverse section of reaction tower is at least a for being selected from circle and quadrate.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the material that sprayed of said furnace charge nozzle comprises iron sand, fuel and oxygen.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the top in the said molten bath be formed with the fusion furnace charge fall the filtering layer that must pass through, said filtering layer is mainly formed by coke.
Different with traditional blast furnace ironmaking, utilize flash smelting furnace according to the embodiment of the invention, can be with granularity less than 1mm; Powdered exsiccant iron sand with huge specific surface area; Without making ball, sintering and fragmentation, directly with fuel and oxygen together, spray into red-hot reaction tower space at a high speed through the nozzle that is arranged on the reaction tower top; And be afloat and descend; Promptly be heated in about 1200 ℃, the high price ferriferous oxide in the iron sand partly is reduced into ferriferous oxide and part metals iron at a low price, and descends slowly and lightly in the molten bath of reaction tower bottom.Internal upper part has the filtering layer of the about 1550 ℃ of red-hot coke of one deck or other carbonaceous in the molten bath, and the filtering layer side wall also is provided with the side-blown nozzle of fine coal or other reductive agents in the molten bath, and adopts the oxygen-rich air of high temperature or normal temperature.Ferriferous oxide further is reduced into metallic iron at filtering layer at a low price.The metallic iron and the slag layering in the molten bath that generate, continuous or periodic discharge.The flue gas that generates discharges after firing formula waste heat boiler and dedusting again, or send hotblast stove to make fuel.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of iron smelting method.According to embodiments of the invention, this method comprises the flash smelting furnace of use according to the embodiment of the invention, and iron sand is carried out flash smelting.Different with traditional blast furnace ironmaking, according to the iron smelting method of the embodiment of the invention, with granularity less than 1mm; Powdered exsiccant iron sand with huge specific surface area; Without making ball, sintering and fragmentation, directly with fuel and oxygen together, spray into red-hot reaction tower space at a high speed through the nozzle that is arranged on the reaction tower top; And be afloat and descend; Promptly be heated in about 1200 ℃, the high price ferriferous oxide in the iron sand is reduced into ferriferous oxide and part metals iron at a low price, and descends slowly and lightly in the molten bath of reaction tower bottom.The filtering layer of the about 1550 ℃ of red-hot coke of one deck or other carbonaceous is arranged at the top in the molten bath, and the filtering layer side wall also is provided with the side-blown nozzle of fine coal or other reductive agents in the molten bath, and adopts the oxygen-rich air of high temperature or normal temperature.Ferriferous oxide further is reduced into metallic iron at a low price.The metallic iron and the slag layering in the molten bath that generate, continuous or periodic discharge.The flue gas that generates discharges after firing formula waste heat boiler and dedusting again, or send hotblast stove to make fuel.
According to embodiments of the invention, above-mentioned iron smelting method can also have following additional technical feature:
According to one embodiment of present invention, iron sand is that ferrous grade is 40 ~ 70% iron sand, and its granularity is less than 1mm, and water-content is lower than 1%.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the fuel of flash smelting employing is gas, liquid, solid or propellant combination.
According to one embodiment of present invention, comprise that further in the reaction tower space, adding slag making uses flux.
Additional aspect of the present invention and advantage part in the following description provide, and part will become obviously from the following description, or recognize through practice of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the present invention and advantage obviously with are easily understood becoming the description of embodiment from combining figs, wherein:
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are the structural representations according to the ironmaking flash smelting furnace of the embodiment of the invention; And
Fig. 3 is the equipment flowsheet of iron smelting method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Describe embodiments of the invention below in detail, the example of said embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein identical from start to finish or similar label is represented identical or similar elements or the element with identical or similar functions.Be exemplary through the embodiment that is described with reference to the drawings below, only be used to explain the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In description of the invention; It will be appreciated that; Term " vertically ", " laterally ", " on ", the orientation of indications such as D score, " preceding ", " back ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end " " interior ", " outward " or position relation be for based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relation; Only be to describe with simplifying for the ease of describing the present invention; Rather than the device or the element of indication or hint indication must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In addition, term " first ", " second " only are used to describe purpose, and can not be interpreted as indication or hint relative importance.
In description of the invention, unless otherwise prescribed and limit, need to prove; Term " installation ", " linking to each other ", " connection " should be done broad understanding, for example, can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; Also can be the connection of two element internals, can be directly to link to each other, and also can link to each other indirectly through intermediary; For those of ordinary skill in the art, can understand the concrete implication of above-mentioned term as the case may be.
Flash smelting furnace
With reference to Fig. 1 the flash smelting furnace 600 according to the embodiment of the invention is described below:
As shown in Figure 1, comprise above-mentioned reaction tower 100, furnace charge nozzle 200, molten bath 300 and flue 400 according to the flash smelting furnace 600 of the embodiment of the invention.Furnace charge nozzle 200 is arranged on the reaction tower 100, is limited with reaction compartment in the reaction tower 100, and molten bath 300 is arranged on the bottom of reaction tower 100, is used for holding the melt and the melt that fall after the reaction compartment reaction and makes subsequent reactions.Flue 400 is connected with reaction tower 100 through molten bath 300, is used to discharge the flue gas that reaction process produces.
Different with traditional blast furnace ironmaking, utilize flash smelting furnace according to the embodiment of the invention, can be with granularity less than 1mm; Powdered exsiccant iron sand with huge specific surface area; Without making ball, sintering and fragmentation, directly with fuel and oxygen together, spray into red-hot reaction tower space at a high speed through the nozzle that is arranged on the reaction tower top; And be afloat and descend; Promptly be heated in about 1200 ℃, the high price ferriferous oxide in the iron sand partly is reduced into ferriferous oxide and part metals iron at a low price, and descends slowly and lightly in the molten bath of reaction tower bottom.The filtering layer of the red-hot coke of one deck or other carbonaceous is arranged at the top in the molten bath, and ferriferous oxide further is reduced into metallic iron at a low price.The metallic iron and the slag layering in the molten bath that generate, continuous or periodic discharge.The flue gas that generates discharges after firing formula waste heat boiler and dedusting again, or send hotblast stove to make fuel.
According to embodiments of the invention, the material of processing reaction tower and molten bath does not receive special restriction.According to one embodiment of present invention, reaction tower and molten bath one of at least by being selected from by the refractory brick of having inlayed copper water jacket or water wall, or adopt at least a of amorphous refractory materials to process.Wherein, according to one embodiment of present invention, refractory brick damascene copper water jacket.
According to embodiments of the invention, reaction tower further is provided with tubular type formula water-cooled protector.According to embodiments of the invention, the size of reaction tower does not receive special restriction.In one embodiment of the present of invention, the internal diameter of reaction tower can be 3-16 rice, highly can be 6-10 rice, and preferably, the internal diameter of reaction tower is 10 meters, highly is 8 meters.In one embodiment of the present of invention, the transverse section of reaction tower is at least a for being selected from circle and quadrate.
In addition, according to embodiments of the invention, the number of furnace charge nozzle and type do not receive special restriction.Can use a furnace charge nozzle that all the components is all sprayed into, also can use dissimilar furnace charge nozzles to spray into reactant respectively.For example, in one embodiment of the present of invention, said furnace charge nozzle ejection comprises furnace charge, fuel and oxygen.
For example, according to one embodiment of present invention, the reaction tower of ironmaking flash stove is built by laying bricks or stones by the refractory brick of having inlayed copper water jacket or water wall; 10 meters of reaction tower inside diameters; 8 meters of internal height, top are provided with 3 furnace charge nozzles, per hour spray into furnace charge 600-700 ton altogether.According to one embodiment of present invention, it is fuel that Sweet natural gas is adopted in the reaction tower of ironmaking flash stove and molten bath, and the filtering layer in molten bath is a coke.According to embodiments of the invention, the side wall in the molten bath of ironmaking flash stove is provided with the nozzle of 24 side-blown fine coal.According to one embodiment of present invention, the surface in the molten bath is formed with filtering layer, and this filtering layer is formed by coke.
According to embodiments of the invention, a flash stove is produced ten thousand tons of metallic iron 100-1000 per year.Compare with blast furnace ironmaking, will practice thrift and build occupation of land 50%, practice thrift investment 60%, synthesis energy saving 25～35%.
Iron smelting method
With reference to figure 2 and Fig. 3, according to another aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of iron smelting method.According to embodiments of the invention, this method comprises the flash smelting furnace of use according to the embodiment of the invention, and iron sand is carried out flash smelting.Different with traditional blast furnace ironmaking, according to the iron smelting method of the embodiment of the invention, with granularity less than 1mm; Powdered exsiccant iron sand with huge specific surface area; Without making ball, sintering and fragmentation, directly with fuel and oxygen together, spray into red-hot reaction tower space at a high speed through the furnace charge nozzle that is arranged on the reaction tower top; And be afloat and descend; Promptly be heated in about 1200 ℃, the high price ferriferous oxide in the iron sand is reduced into ferriferous oxide and part metals iron at a low price, and descends slowly and lightly in the molten bath of reaction tower bottom.The about 1550 ℃ red-hot coke of one deck or the filtering layer of other carbonaceous are arranged at the top in the molten bath, and ferriferous oxide at a low price further is reduced into metallic iron.Side wall also is provided with the side-blown nozzle of fine coal or other reductive agents in the molten bath.The metallic iron and the slag layering in the molten bath that generate, continuous or periodic discharge.The flue gas that generates discharges after firing formula waste heat boiler and dedusting again, or send hotblast stove to make fuel.
According to embodiments of the invention, utilize iron smelting method of the present invention, the type of the iron sand that can handle does not receive special restriction.According to one embodiment of present invention, the iron sand ferrous grade is 40 ~ 70%, and the granularity of iron sand is less than 1mm, moisturely is lower than 1%.According to one embodiment of present invention, the fuel of flash smelting employing is gas, liquid or solid fuel.Also can spray into gas, liquid or solid reductive agent through nozzle.According to embodiments of the invention, the side wall in the molten bath of ironmaking flash stove is provided with the nozzle of side-blown fine coal and oxygen-rich air.In addition, according to one embodiment of present invention, the top in the molten bath is formed with filtering layer, and this filtering layer is processed by coke.In addition, according to one embodiment of present invention, comprise that further in reaction compartment, adding slag making uses flux.
According to embodiments of the invention, the front is equally applicable to iron smelting method of the present invention about the described feature and advantage of flash smelting furnace, repeats no more at this.
In the description of this specification sheets, the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiment ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means the concrete characteristic, structure, material or the characteristics that combine this embodiment or example to describe and is contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or the example.In this manual, the schematic statement to above-mentioned term not necessarily refers to identical embodiment or example.And concrete characteristic, structure, material or the characteristics of description can combine with suitable manner in any one or more embodiment or example.
Although illustrated and described embodiments of the invention; Those having ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: under the situation that does not break away from principle of the present invention and aim, can carry out multiple variation, modification, replacement and modification to these embodiment, scope of the present invention is limited claim and equivalent thereof.
Claims (12)
1. a flash smelting furnace is characterized in that, comprising:
Reaction tower is limited with reaction compartment in the said reaction tower;
The furnace charge nozzle, said furnace charge nozzle is arranged on said reaction tower top;
The molten bath, said molten bath is arranged on the bottom of said reaction tower, be used for holding the melt that falls after the said reaction compartment reaction, and melt carries out follow-up reduction reaction; And
Flue, said flue is connected with said reaction tower through said molten bath, is used to discharge the flue gas that reaction process produces.
2. flash smelting furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the processing by being selected from least a of refractory brick or amorphous refractory materials one of at least of said reaction tower and molten bath.
3. flash smelting furnace according to claim 2 is characterized in that, said refractory brick damascene copper water jacket or water wall are protected, or open fire formula water-cooled protector is set.
4. flash smelting furnace according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the internal diameter of said reaction tower is a 3-16 rice, highly is 6-10 rice.
5. flash smelting furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the transverse section of said reaction tower is at least a for being selected from circle and quadrate.
6. flash smelting furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that the material of said furnace charge nozzle ejection comprises iron sand, fuel and oxygen etc.
7. flash smelting furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the top in the said molten bath is formed with the filtering layer that the fusion furnace charge falls must pass through, and said filtering layer is mainly formed by coke.
8. flash smelting furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also is provided with the side-blown nozzle of pulverized coal injection or other reductive agents and high temperature or normal temperature oxygen-rich air around the side wall of furnace wall, said molten bath.
9. an iron smelting method is characterized in that, comprising:
Use each described flash smelting furnace of claim 1-8, iron sand is carried out flash smelting.
10. method according to claim 9 is characterized in that, said iron sand is that ferrous grade is 40 ~ 70% iron sand, and the granularity of said iron sand is less than 1mm, and the water-content of said iron sand is lower than 1%.
11. method according to claim 9 is characterized in that, the fuel that said flash smelting is adopted is gas, liquid, solid or propellant combination.
12. method according to claim 9 is characterized in that, comprises that further in reaction compartment, adding slag making uses flux.
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| CN102876902A (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2013-01-16 | 铜陵有色金属集团股份有限公司金冠铜业分公司 | Method for composite smelting of copper concentrate flash-molten bath and outokumpu flash furnace |
| CN103206866A (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2013-07-17 | 中南大学 | Method and device for cooling and waste heat recovery of flash smelting furnace body |
| CN103993115A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-08-20 | 邱江波 | Drying and reducing integrated flash ironmaking apparatus and ironmaking method |
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