CN102689682A

CN102689682A - Waterborne flying ship

Info

Publication number: CN102689682A
Application number: CN2011102640615A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 章洪; 章晓宇
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-03-24
Filing date: 2011-09-07
Publication date: 2012-09-26
Anticipated expiration: 2031-09-07
Also published as: CN102689682B

Abstract

The invention provides a waterborne flying ship which comprises a streamline shaped ship body, a power driving device comprising a centrifugal turbine, a high-speed running balance system and a rudder, wherein the centrifugal turbine is arranged at the lower part of the ship body; and turbine blades are arranged and fixed on the outer edge of a turbine hub and downwards extend to be exposed below the ship bottom. The waterborne flying ship can fly forward on water at an extremely high speed, reaction force of positive pressure is applied to the water surface by utilizing the centrifugal turbine, and the ship body is lifted up out of the water surface by utilizing the component force of the force in the upwards vertical direction, so that the ship body is separated from the water surface; and moreover, the component force of the centrifugal turbine, which is applied to the water surface in a horizontal forward direction, is basic power for driving the ship to run at a high speed. The contact area of the ship with the water and the resistance acting on the ship are obviously reduced, the running speed is greatly increased, and a high-speed, rapid and economic waterborne means of transport is provided for people.

Description

Flywheel ship waterborne

[technical field]

The present invention relates to a kind of waterborne traffic transportation means; Particularly a kind of motor-driven propelling boats and ships that can navigate by water at a high speed; Make it can reach the navigation (being that hull can break away from the high speed navigation that water body carries out) that is similar to the water surface and goes at express speed; This ship not only can be applicable to civilian steamer, can also apply to purposes such as Military Warship.

[background technology]

Paddle steamer is a kind of motor-driven propelling ship that people comparatively know.Conventional paddle steamer generally is that a pair of drying paddle wheel has been installed in the steamer side, and along the direction of its paddle wheel radius the blade that drying drives usefulness is installed in the paddle wheel outer rim, and this is the boffo steamer of a kind of Steam Engine Age; It drives paddle wheel through steam engine; Paddle wheel is rotated, and the blade drying on the paddle wheel promotes ship and advances; Its drive efficiency is very low, navigation is slow, is eliminated by people already.In order to satisfy the needs of modern navigation, people have constantly carried out various research and development and improvement to steamer, especially obtained certain effect in the relevant transformation to paddle wheel, but its effect are limited, are difficult to significantly improve the speed of a ship or plane.

The main resistance that conventional steamer receives be hull with highdensity water between have large-area the contact, even the fast boat of one type in speedboat, their rear portion hull bottom is also and bigger area of contact arranged between the water; Simultaneously on conventional steamer, it also is inevitable being immersed in the negative effect that screw propeller in the water receives the resistance of high density water.Therefore conventional ship receives very big water resistance, and when conventional ship gave it the gun, the water resistance that conventional ship receives will sharply strengthen with bigger amplification, basic reason that conventional steamer is difficult to run at high speed that Here it is.

Chinese patent publication number " CN101875394A " discloses a kind of " paddle steamer ", and this is a kind of speedboat technology.From its disclosed content; It and conventional paddle steamer do not have substantial difference; According to the disclosed speedboat technology of this application; It will inherit conventional paddle steamer navigation characteristics, and it will keep the very low problem of its drive efficiency, can't reach the anterior hull of the said lifting of this application and go out the capable purpose of water surface high-speed aircraft.In addition, even reach purpose that this technology is referred to as, it also can't make hull break away from the water surface fully, and its rear portion hull still is seated at the water surface, and in the underway, hull still receives bigger water resistance, and then influences the speed of a ship or plane.

A kind of " paddle wheel that is used for paddle steamer "; This is the paddle wheel technology by the disclosed a kind of paddle steamer of Chinese patent publication number " CN101767641A "; This paddle wheel has been inherited the drive hub of above-mentioned conventional paddle steamer, and it has used than the more low drive wheel of putting of conventional paddle steamer; The drying impeller of its drive wheel; Can be regarded as is on conventional paddle steamer drying impeller basis; Conventional drying impeller is revised as from the centre interior half section bending a degree angle, and the angle shown in this embodiment is about 40 degree angles, makes its drying impeller become the structure of two sections drying blade; Wherein half the be interior half section near wheel shaft, in addition near two sections outer half section compositions of outer rim.The drying impeller is near the water surface time, and when bouncing the water surface, the drying impeller of paddle steamer receives the water surface to the power that goes up act that it applies, and makes its hull can be lifted out the water surface near the interior half section drying impeller of wheel shaft.

But; Among " paddle wheel that is used for paddle steamer " described technology; Its important weak point is: a, its drying impeller also have for its navigation provide bigger contribution near outer half section of outer rim, this part impeller is similar with the angle of aforesaid conventional paddle steamer blade setting; This ship is at outer half section of outer rim that bigger contribution can be provided for navigation; Used the setting angle of totally unfavorable conventional paddle wheel blade; Make it inherit the very low inferior position of conventional paddle steamer drying drive efficiency equally; Weaken it significantly by half section and few part benefit of bringing in the above-mentioned drying impeller, reduced the whole drying efficient of drive wheel significantly.B, use the latter half of hull of the paddle steamer of this paddle wheel still to be seated at the water surface, the fore-body that is gone out the water surface by its lifting also remains with bigger area of contact between its rear portion hull bottom and the water surface in tow to overtake.

This ship is because of the outer half section existence of its drives impeller outer rim; It has inherited the very low inferior position of conventional paddle steamer drive efficiency greatly; Simultaneously also because the rear portion hull bottom still is seated at the water surface, still has bigger area of contact between the hull bottom rear portion and the water surface and receive very big water surface resistance, though this technology has obvious improvement than the driveability of the conventional paddle steamer of Steam Engine Age; But the compared with techniques such as other conventional speedboat of it and prior art, this ship does not show speed advantage.The other three kinds of drying impellers that relate to for example among this patent application are near the outer half section drying blade structure of outer rim, and the weak point of the deficiency of these several routine blades and aforementioned drying blade all has the similar defective of intercommunication.

The route speed of the conventional steamer of prior art is very low; Conventional steamer hull 1 just lays particular emphasis on its hull that is immersed in lower apron has been carried out the hydraulic flow geometric design; To the surface texture of its above-water body, there be not to propose linear require (the seeing accompanying drawing 1-1) of very high aerodynamic flow.

Centrifugal turbine water pump of a kind of routine or centrifugal turbine air pump (seeing accompanying drawing 1-2), this is the equipment that is specifically designed to transporting water or carries gas; This type technology of conventional centrifugal turbine, at nobody before this with its expanded application in the lifting steamer and use it for the case that drive wheel height speed is gone simultaneously.

The area that part such as the hull of routine techniques steamer, hull bottom contacts with water is very big, and above-mentioned several improved prior art steamer also fails to reach the purpose of remarkable drag reduction.Therefore the prior art steamer can not satisfy the requirement that people hope to promote significantly the speed of a ship or plane.

[summary of the invention]

The objective of the invention is to: the deficiency that overcomes prior art; A kind of flywheel ship waterborne is provided; The water resistance that it is received reduces significantly; Reach and be similar to the effect that the water surface goes at express speed to navigate by water, thereby significantly improve the speed of steamer water sailing, for people provide at a high speed, quick, economic marine communication means.

The objective of the invention is to realize like this: flywheel ship waterborne comprises hull, is provided with the marine powerplant of propelling unit, and its improvements are: hull is the streamline contour hull that whole outside face meets aerodynamic characteristics; Propelling unit is a centrifugal turbine, and centrifugal turbine is installed on the bottom of hull, and centrifugal turbine comprises turbo-shaft, turbine hub and roomy turbine blade; Turbine blade is mounted on turbine hub outer rim, and turbine blade stretches out the below that is exposed to hull bottom downwards; Centrifugal turbine is exposed to the preferred heights of hull below part, greater than four of turbine diameter/in the lump less than the turbine radius; Both sides, hull bottom are provided with two pairs, three pairs or how right centrifugal turbine; The afterbody of hull is provided with rudder for ship, and the bottom of rudder for ship is a high-velocity rudder;

The centrifugal turbine of both sides, hull bottom can be installed and dispose according to interlaced asymmetric layout; Centrifugal turbine also can be symmetricly set in the both sides of hull bottom.

The turbine of hull is to the upwards component of the antagonistic force of water positive pressure, drives hull upwards and lifting goes out the water surface, makes hull break away from the obstruction of high density water; Turbine constitutes the major impetus that the driving steamer advances to the component forward of the antagonistic force of water positive pressure; The present invention's turbine has relative motion between water and the turbine when rotating forward, therefore turbine blade receives the viscous resistance and the turbulent drag of water; Water is to these resistances of turbine; Have the trend that stops the turbine rotation, for this steamer, this resistance that steamer receives; Pass over through turbine; The power of directed forward, this power not only constitute to hinder the resistance that steamer advances, and constitute on the contrary to drive one of tractive force that steamer advances.We are at common example similarly: during running car, ground constitutes the resistance that hinders its rotation in the face of wheel, and this power drives the power that automobile advances just, if this power is zero, automobile skids the original place and can't go.Therefore the present invention makes its unfavorable resistance drop that receives water to minimum degree.

Further; Be provided with the fairing of centrifugal turbine in the hull; This fairing and hull bottom intersect part and are provided with opening, and turbine blade stretches out hull from opening part, be communicated with on the position of fairing near turbo-shaft with hull above the rectification air inlet pipe that communicates of air;

Further, the rear side of this ship centrifugal turbine fairing is provided with back spray draining hole, and hull bottom is provided with the ejection mouth of a river, back, is provided with the back spray sluice way that is connected with the back spray draining hole and the ejection mouth of a river, back in the hull; The spacing that centrifugal turbine outer rim of the present invention and fairing are inboard is obviously greater than the turbine outer rim of conventional centrifugal vortex wheel pump and the spacing of pump shell inboard.

When the turbine of this ship rotated, turbine can be brought a part of water into fairing, turbine blade has been had with the inwall of fairing through this part water contact; Therefore turbine can receive bigger water resistance; Thereby can significantly reduce turbine through following mode and receive the resistance of water: at first,, will introduce the most of water of fairing in-to-in through the back spray draining hole of fairing rear side at this; Through back spray sluice way, the water surface to the hull bottom rear ejects from the ejection mouth of a river, back again; Therefore it not only drawn the most of current of turbine fairing in-to-in come out; Both can make turbine avoid receiving obstruction and the produce power loss of this a part of water in fairing inside; The ejection mouth of a river can obtain extra promotion energy to the injection of the hull bottom rear water surface from the back simultaneously.Secondly; The turbine fairing is inner to also have the water of few part among back spray draining hole, not derive; Contact with turbine blade for fear of this a part of water and hinder the rotation of turbine, so, bigger spacing be provided with here between the inwall with turbine outer rim and fairing; The water that will lack part when the turbine blade of high speed revolution is brought fairing into when inner; The water that splashes at a high speed can receive fairing the inwall constraint and along the fairing inwall; Direction towards the turbine rotation flows; From the fairing front end, the direction after the below of pointing to ship, deflection ejects at last; Therefore a part of jet water course of it this also can be and a spot of driving energy is provided for this ship; This ship is bigger because of the spacing of turbine blade outer rim and fairing inwall, in company with turbine blade bring into the fairing in-to-in less the water of part broken away from turbine blade and contacted, thereby make turbine avoid receiving the obstruction of this a part of water of fairing inside.

Further, the side point of each the turbine blade outer rim on the centrifugal turbine is adjacent the straight line that the opposite side end points of turbine blade outer rim determined and the parallel axes of turbo-shaft; Side point of each turbine blade inner edge and the straight line that end points determined of the opposite side of adjacent turbine blades inner edge and the parallel axes of turbo-shaft; On all turbine blade outer rims all is to be positioned on the face of cylinder that is determined with the turbine radius a bit arbitrarily; The projection of the outer rim of turbine blade on the plane of itself and turbine axis normal is the circle of a standard;

In another program, two end points of the mid point of any turbine blade outer rim and its adjacent turbine blades both sides, back outer rim are to be on same the straight line parallel axes of this straight line and turbo-shaft; Two end points of the both sides of the mid point of any turbine blade inner edge and rear adjacent turbine blade inner edge are to be on same the straight line, and the axis of this straight line and its turbo-shaft parallels; All be on the face of cylinder that is positioned at turbine radius institute formation cylinder arbitrarily a bit on the turbine blade outer rim; The projection of the outer rim of all turbine blades on the plane of itself and turbine axis normal is the circle of a standard;

Further, hull bottom is provided with faulted-stage, offers gas port in the faulted-stage part, and hull is built-in with the faulted-stage air inlet pipe, and the lower end of faulted-stage air inlet pipe is connected with gas port, and the upper end of faulted-stage air inlet pipe is connected with air;

Further, in the faulted-stage air inlet pipe air door is installed.

In another program; Bilateral symmetry in the hull bottom is provided with a pair of centrifugal turbine; Centrifugal turbine places before the center of gravity of midbody; The bottom of yaw rudder is provided with the surfboard that keeps balance in pitch, and high-velocity rudder is the sidewall rudder plate that is arranged at the left and right sides, surfboard below, and the sidewall rudder plate is perpendicular to surfboard;

Further, the surfboard lower end is provided with the water skiing faulted-stage, and water skiing faulted-stage place offers pore, and the pore place is connected with the slide plate air inlet pipe that is connected with hull top air;

Further, hull is built-in with air driven pump, and air driven pump is connected with pore through the slide plate air inlet pipe.

Among another program, be to link to each other between the both sides centrifugal turbine with the paired setting in hull bottom through change-speed box; Be respectively less than 1 between the speed-change area of its converter speed ratio, equal 1 and greater than three speed change zones of 1; The converter speed ratio of adjustment change-speed box can make the centrifugal turbine of both sides synchronously rotate for equaling at 1 o'clock; The adjustment converter speed ratio is respectively less than 1 or greater than 1 o'clock, also can reach the high right low differential rotation in a left side, or can also the low differential rotation in a right high left side.

When left and right sides centrifugal turbine rotated synchronously, the propulsive effort that steamer receives was the rectilinear direction along fully forward.When left side centrifugal turbine rotating speed during less than the right side, this steamer right side receives bigger propulsive effort, and this steamer is deflection to the left; When left side centrifugal turbine rotating speed during greater than the right side, this steamer left side receives bigger propulsive effort, and this steamer is deflection to the right;

This shows, this technology that the present invention is used, it can change the direction of steamer navigation through the speed discrepancy of adjustment left and right sides turbine.When this programme is used in this steamer of two or three pairs of or how right driving turbine; The necessity that has not had configuration at the high-velocity rudder of the afterbody of hull; The present invention this moment can cancel high-velocity rudder fully, thus the water resistance that aspect rudder for ship, receives when further reducing the navigation of epicycle height speed.

Further, be provided with the high-speed air passage in the high-velocity rudder, the high-speed air passage extends in the hull through rudder for ship and the yaw rudder hollow shaft that is arranged on the rudder for ship, and hull is built-in with air driven pump, and the top of high-speed air passage links to each other with the pressurized air delivery side of pump; Be respectively arranged with the back spray slit of opening directed rearward in the left and right sides of high-velocity rudder leading edge, spray slit, back is connected with the high-speed air passage; When steamer when the water surface navigates by water at a high speed, high-velocity rudder is immersed in the water, because the gas that sprays among the back spray slit has formed an air film between high speed rudder face and water body, thereby has significantly reduced the resistance of the water that high-velocity rudder receives.

Further scheme is, there is a chute inside in spray slit in the back, and an airtight slide block is arranged on the chute, and airtight slide block can slide up and down along chute; Two miniature surfboards are arranged in the side of high-velocity rudder; High back is low before the miniature surfboard, and it is horizontal by the angle in several years; Between the airtight slide block on the gap of miniature surfboard through back spray slit and inside, spray slit, the back chute is to be fixedly linked; Miniature surfboard and airtight slide block are when chute slides up and down, and it can close the back spray slit of airtight slide block top, open the back spray slit of airtight slide block below; Airtight slide block links to each other with the retracing spring of a downward application of force of back spray slit in-to-in.

When the water surface of stern rose, the miniature surfboard of water impact rose, thereby drives airtight slide block, and spray slit in-to-in chute upwards slides along the back, and when the back spray slit on water surface top was closed, it can also open the back spray slit of water surface bottom timely; When the water surface of stern descends; Airtight slide block and miniature surfboard receive the double action of deadweight and retracing spring and descend; Airtight slide block will spray slit in-to-in chute to lower slider along the back; Still can the back spray slit on water surface top be closed, and make the back spray slit of water surface bottom be held open state.

This programme has the airtight slide block of miniature surfboard through use, can timely the back spray slit that is positioned on the water surface be closed, and can the back spray slit that be positioned under the water surface be opened simultaneously.This programme spray slit in back under guaranteeing the water surface open fully and jet in, it can also in time be closed the back spray slit on the water surface, it is through such technological means, has avoided back on the water surface to spray the slit emergent gas and causes the waste of jet energy.

Further, between centrifugal turbine and hull, be provided with the damping, buffering system, it can alleviate the impact that this steamer receives and jolt when wavy uncalm surface navigation.This damping, buffering system both can use spring plate to come damping, buffering, also can use coil spring to come damping, buffering, can also use the damping, buffering of high pressure air capsule.

Further, the drive system of this ship has not only been used centrifugal turbine, goes out the power of the water surface and propulsive effort to overtake for hull provides lifting; Above hull, also set up screw propeller that drives forwards air and the driving engine that drives screw propeller, obviously increased its propulsive effort to overtake.

By on can obtain to realize the following scheme of the present invention's flywheel ship waterborne:

Scheme one:

The present invention's flywheel ship waterborne includes the streamline contour hull, contains component parts such as power system, the fitting-out of propelling unit, the balanced system of running at high speed, yaw rudder, and power system is installed in the hull.

With respect to conventional steamer, the present invention to the single-piece aerodynamic flow that comprises the hull superstructure linear require higher, so the present invention is to meet the required streamline contour hull of aerodynamic force drag reduction to the requirement of the whole hull outside face of himself.

Propelling unit has used the centrifugal turbine through host driven to drive going of steamer, and centrifugal turbine is installed on the bottom of shipboard body, in order to the whole liftings of hull are gone out the water surface.

The turbine structure of centrifugal turbine used in the present invention is similar with the turbine of conventional centrifugal lift pump and centrifugal air pump; But difference is: for equal driving power; The width of centrifugal turbine radius used in the present invention, turbine blade is obviously more much bigger than conventional centrifugal pump; And comparatively approaching with the yardstick of the turbine blade of centrifugal air pump, perhaps the width of the turbine blade outer rim of ratio centrifugal air pump is also bigger; Centrifugal turbine blade used in the present invention, it only is equipped with turbine blade in the part near turbine hub outer rim.

Waterline that this steamer berths and low speed driving waterline are close basically; After centrifugal turbine begins rotation; Turbine blade to water generates downwards with backward application force; Because of the turbine blade rotating speed is lower, turbine blade still can not support hull upwards and lifting goes out the water surface to the downward application force of water, and this moment, this ship was with low speed to overtake.

When driving the centrifugal turbine high speed revolution; The downward pressure that turbine blade applies the water surface and backward thrust make hull receive bigger upwards with forward antagonistic force; Hull can be lifted out the water surface by centrifugal turbine under the effect of water to its antagonistic force, hull no longer contacts with highdensity water; Resistance between the hull and the water surface also just no longer exists, thereby steamer can high-revolving navigation forward.

When steamer is run at high speed; When running into the situation that needs sudden stop, slows down rapidly, can stop to drive centrifugal turbine, at this moment; Between turbine blade below the hull and water, can produce very big resistance; Hull loses the effect of lifting and lands simultaneously, and hull also receives very big water resistance, and steamer will slow down significantly.

The balanced system of running at high speed of this programme flywheel ship waterborne in order to steamer balance in roll to be provided, is provided with the centrifugal turbine of synchronous rotation in the bilateral symmetry of hull; For balance longitudinally is provided to steamer, respectively be provided with the centrifugal turbine that two rows or multi-row rotate synchronously in the front and back of hull.

The rudder for ship of this programme is made up of two parts; A part is the yaw rudder similar with conventional steamer; This part yaw rudder accounts for the major part of its rudder area; The provider was used to control when this most rudder face and another part less area were gone for its low velocity jointly, and its whole rudder faces all are immersed under water; Another part be positioned at all the time under water then be than small size; This a part of area is the high-velocity rudder that is positioned at part under the high speed waterline; When steamer is run at high speed; When going out the water surface under the driving of centrifugal turbine and with the hull lifting, yaw rudder is also followed rising and the upwards lifting simultaneously of stern, and the most area of first of yaw rudder surfaces; And the direction control rudder plate of high-velocity rudder when becoming steamer and running at high speed, the area of the rudder face that this is a part of obviously is reduced to below 1/3rd of the rudder face gross area of yaw rudder.

Scheme two:

The difference of the present invention program and scheme one is: there is a fairing centrifugal turbine top; This fairing and hull bottom intersect part and are provided with opening; This opening is big and corresponding to the position part of conventional centrifugal pump water outlet (or drain pipe overflow pipe of conventional centrifugal air pump); In a greater part of part of centrifugal turbine all was sealed in by the fairing of top, another smaller part part extended out downwards from the position of fairing lower opening, is exposed to the below of hull bottom; Preferably, the height of expose portion is greater than four of turbine diameter/in the lump less than the turbine radius.When turbine blade rotated, the turbine blade that exposes to the open air out downwards from opening part bounced the water of below, thereby the lifting strength that makes progress and propulsive effort forward was provided for this ship.

This fairing; Be provided with a rectification air inlet pipe at the middle part of its turbine; The position that the rectification air inlet pipe is provided with is corresponding with the position of the water inlet of conventional centrifugal pump (or the air inlet of conventional centrifugal air pump inlet); This rectification air inlet pipe communicates with the air of hull top, is configured for getting into the tracheae of air.

After centrifugal turbine begins rotation; Turbine blade is discharged the water in the fairing; Air begins to charge into to fairing inside from the rectification air inlet pipe; The air that charges into occupied original water occupied the space, so centrifugal turbine begin after the rotation, turbine blade only below bigger opening part contact with the exterior water surface; The turbine blade that exposes opening part to water generates downwards with backward application force, when turbine speed was low, turbine blade still can not support hull upwards and lifting goes out the water surface to the downward application force of water, this moment, this ship was with low speed to overtake.

When driving the centrifugal turbine high speed revolution; Downward pressure that turbine blade applies the water surface and thrust backward; Hull then can receive water to it upwards with forward antagonistic force, hull can be lifted out the water surface by centrifugal turbine, hull no longer contacts with highdensity water; Resistance between the hull and the water surface also just no longer exists, and steamer then can high-revolvingly go at express speed forward.

This programme has used the turbine fairing, and it can make the aerodynamic flow of hull both sides linear better, when navigating by water at a high speed, reduces the aerodynamic drag that self receives thereby be of value to steamer.

Scheme three:

The difference of the present invention program and foregoing invention scheme one, scheme two is, between centrifugal turbine and hull, is provided with the damping, buffering system, and it can alleviate the impact that this steamer receives and jolt when wavy uncalm surface navigation.This damping, buffering system both can use spring plate to come damping, buffering, also can use coil spring to come damping, buffering, can also use the damping, buffering of high pressure air capsule.

Scheme four:

The difference of the present invention program and foregoing invention scheme one to scheme three is, a side point of each turbine blade outer rim of centrifugal turbine and the straight line that end points determined of the opposite side outer rim of adjacent turbine blades and the parallel axes of its turbo-shaft; The straight line that end points determined of 1 side point of each turbine blade inner edge and the opposite side inner edge of adjacent turbine blades also with the parallel axes of its turbo-shaft; The outer rim of all turbine blades all is that the axis that is positioned at turbo-shaft is a centre of gration arbitrarily a bit, on the face of cylinder that is determined by the turbine radius; The projection of the outer rim of turbine blade on the plane of itself and turbine axis normal is the circle of a standard.

Because constituted β degree angle between the line of each blade outer rim left and right sides end points and the axis of turbo-shaft; Because the direction of the whole hull axis of the axis direction of turbo-shaft and steamer is orthogonal; When turbine blade rotated, the turbine blade outer rim was a beta angle just also to the thrust direction of the water surface and the angle of steamer working direction; Parallel in order to guarantee steamer left and right sides turbine total thrust with the steamer axis direction; The turbine blade of steamer and arranged on left and right sides is that the setting plane with the steamer axis is the plane of symmetry and symmetry mutually, so the used carrying turbine of the present invention program is need divide into left side and right side different.

No matter turbine blade goes to any angle in this programme; All the time keep contacting of certain a part of turbine blade outer rim between the outer rim of turbine blade and the desirable level face; From laterally its contact point of hull periodic left and right displacement is arranged; But the area of contact of turbine blade outer rim and water can be kept relative stablizing, thereby upwards lifting power and propulsive effort forward that the present invention is received keep relative stability, and the load above the steamer can not receive the hardship of the impact of jolting.

Scheme five:

The difference of the present invention program and foregoing invention scheme four is; This programme is in same straight line at two end points of the mid point of its any turbine blade outer rim and its adjacent turbine blades both sides, back outer rim, this straight line and parallel with the axis of its turbo-shaft; Two residing same the straight lines of end points of the mid point of any turbine blade inner edge and its adjacent turbine blades both sides, back inner edge and the axis of its turbo-shaft parallel.In addition, the outer rim of each turbine blade is the circle of a standard in the projection of its turbine axis direction; On the turbine blade outer rim all is to be positioned on the face of cylinder of the cylinder that is determined with the turbine radius arbitrarily a bit, then is four identical with scheme.

The turbine structure of the left and right sides that the present invention program is used all is identical; Each side of steamer has all been used the carrying turbine of this spline structure; Such carrying turbine does not just have left and right sides turbine difference structurally yet, and its these characteristics are that the mounting, commissioning and maintenance of centrifugal turbine is provided convenience.

Scheme six:

The difference of the present invention program and foregoing invention scheme one to scheme five is; The bottom of hull is provided with a faulted-stage; Be provided with gas port in the faulted-stage part, this gas port communicates with the lower end mouth of pipe of a faulted-stage air inlet pipe, and the mouth of pipe communicates with air above the ship in the upper end of faulted-stage air inlet pipe.

Faulted-stage starts the hull lifting stage of navigation and the hull decline stage of the deceleration of running at high speed at steamer; The stage that contacts gradually or begin to separate with the water surface alow; Can make to add one deck air film between the hull bottom and the water surface, reduce the area that hull bottom and water contact with each other, thereby reduce the resistance that hull bottom receives water; For the lifting or the going of decline stage of hull gives drag reduction, for steamer provides a speed transition smoothly.

Scheme seven:

The difference of the present invention program and foregoing invention scheme six is that the faulted-stage air inlet pipe communicates with the air of ship top through an air door again.

Run at high speed when steamer, when running into the situation that needs sudden stop, slows down rapidly, stop to drive centrifugal turbine, produce very big resistance between turbine blade and the water; Simultaneously, this machine close synchronously air door, steamer is descending in the water surface contacts fast; Air inlet pipe is closed because of air door, and hull bottom contacts with the water surface, no longer charges into air between the two; The resistance that produces between the hull bottom and the water surface sharply increases, thereby slows down significantly.

Scheme eight:

The difference of the present invention program and foregoing invention scheme one to scheme seven is that this programme is a kind of light-dutyer steamer, and part such as its balanced system of running at high speed, yaw rudder is different with aforementioned each invention scheme.

The balanced system of running at high speed of this programme includes balance in roll and balance in pitch; Be symmetrical set a pair of driving " centrifugal turbine " in the left and right sides of hull, in order to guarantee the balance in roll of steamer; The centrifugal turbine of the steamer left and right sides is placed in before the center of gravity of midbody, and end has been set up the surfboard that balance in pitch is provided under the yaw rudder at hull rear; Contact with the water surface and impacted and, be provided with the damping, buffering structure in the junction of surfboard and rudder for ship in order to reduce surfboard the vibration that hull produces; Surfboard below a vertical sidewall rudder plate is each side arranged as high-velocity rudder, the provider is to control when going out the water surface for its hull that navigates by water at a high speed and the whole liftings of stern.

When the stage is run at high speed in the steamer entering; Centrifugal turbine will be taken turns the vessel main body lifting and gone out the water surface; Surfboard receives water the lifting force that it makes progress is obviously increased when sliding at a high speed, therefore surfboard rises to hydroplaning, and it also goes out the water surface with the stern lifting simultaneously; Because the afterbody of ship has only the very little surfboard of area to contact with the water surface, so the water resistance that quarter of a ship receives reduces significantly.

Scheme nine:

The difference of the present invention program and foregoing invention scheme eight is that the bottom of surfboard is provided with the faulted-stage structure, and the place offers pore at faulted-stage, and pore communicates through the air of a slide plate air inlet pipe with the ship top.When surfboard slides at a high speed; Air can get into faulted-stage from air inlet pipe; Fill into surfboard and water position contacting by pore again; Increase one deck air film between the water of surfboard and below thereby make, significantly reduced the area that surfboard contacts with water, the resistance that surfboard receives water will further obviously reduce.

Surfboard side walls rudder plate has formed charging into the obstruction of air, and the air that prevents to charge into through pore is discharged from the both sides of surfboard, thereby between the surfboard and the water surface more stable isolation air film being provided, obviously reduces the resistance of water.

Scheme ten:

The difference of the present invention program and foregoing invention scheme ten is that surfboard faulted-stage place bonded assembly slide plate air inlet pipe passes the yaw rudder hollow shaft, and its upper end mouth of pipe pressurized air delivery side of pump interior with placing hull is connected.

This programme utilizes air pump for the faulted-stage of surfboard air cushion to be provided.When surfboard slides at a high speed; The slide plate air inlet pipe charges into faulted-stage with high pressure air; Be pressed into surfboard and water position contacting by the faulted-stage place again; Increase the stable air film layer of one deck between the water surface of surfboard and below thereby make, the below of surfboard has been reduced the area with the water direct contact significantly, and the resistance that surfboard is received is reduced to minimum level.

Scheme 11:

The difference of the present invention program and above-mentioned each scheme is that this programme is to install and dispose according to interlaced asymmetric layout to the centrifugal turbine that both sides, hull bottom are provided with in pairs.

Scheme 12:

The difference of the present invention program and each scheme is:

This programme is provided with the high-speed air passage in high-velocity rudder inside, and the high-speed air passage extends in the hull through the yaw rudder hollow shaft that is arranged on the rudder for ship, and hull interior is mounted with air driven pump, and the top of high-speed air passage links to each other with the pressurized air delivery side of pump; The below of high-speed air passage is respectively arranged with the back spray slit of opening directed rearward in the left and right sides of high-velocity rudder leading edge, spray slit, back is inner to be connected with the high-speed air passage.

When steamer when the water surface navigates by water at a high speed, high-velocity rudder is immersed in the water, because the gas that sprays among the back spray slit has formed an air film between high speed rudder face and water body, thereby has significantly reduced the resistance of the water that high-velocity rudder receives.

Scheme 13:

The difference of the present invention program and such scheme 12 is:

There is a chute inside in this programme spray slit in the back, and an airtight slide block is arranged on the chute, and airtight slide block can slide up and down along chute; Two miniature surfboards are arranged in the side of high-velocity rudder; High back is low before the miniature surfboard, and it is horizontal by the angle in several years; Between the airtight slide block on the gap of miniature surfboard through back spray slit and inside, spray slit, the back chute is to be fixedly linked; Miniature surfboard and airtight slide block are when chute slides up and down, and it can close the back spray slit of airtight slide block top, open the back spray slit of airtight slide block below; Airtight slide block links to each other with the retracing spring of a downward application of force of back spray slit in-to-in.

The back spray slit of this programme under guaranteeing the water surface open fully and jet in; It can also in time be closed the back spray slit on the water surface; It is through such technological means, has avoided back spray slit emergent gas on the water surface and causes the waste of jet energy.

Scheme 14:

The difference of the present invention program and above-mentioned each scheme is:

This programme is to be to link to each other through change-speed box between the both sides centrifugal turbine with the paired setting in hull bottom; Be respectively less than 1 between the speed-change area of its converter speed ratio, equal 1 and greater than three speed change zones of 1; The adjustment change-speed box can make the centrifugal turbine of both sides rotate synchronously, also can rotate, can also rotate by the low differential in a right high left side by the high right low differential in a left side.When left and right sides centrifugal turbine rotated synchronously, the propulsive effort that steamer receives was the rectilinear direction along fully forward.When left side centrifugal turbine rotating speed during less than the right side, this steamer left side receives small driving force, and this steamer is deflection to the left; When left side centrifugal turbine rotating speed during greater than the right side, this steamer left side receives bigger propulsive effort, and this steamer is deflection to the right;

This shows that the present invention is after using this technology, it can change the direction of steamer navigation through the speed discrepancy of adjustment left and right sides turbine.When this programme after its left and right sides is the present invention who is made up of two or three pairs of or how right driving turbine; There has not been necessity of configuration this moment at the high-velocity rudder of hull afterbody; The present invention this moment can cancel high-velocity rudder fully, thus the resistance that aspect rudder for ship, receives when further reducing the navigation of epicycle height speed.

Scheme 15:

The drive system of this ship has not only been used centrifugal turbine, goes out the power of the water surface and propulsive effort to overtake for hull provides lifting; Above hull, also set up screw propeller that drives forwards air and the driving engine that drives screw propeller, obviously increased propulsive effort to overtake.

Scheme 16:

This ship centrifugal turbine fairing is provided with back spray draining hole at its rear side, and its back spray draining hole is connected with the back ejection mouth of a river of boat bottom through back spray sluice way again; The spacing that centrifugal turbine outer rim and fairing are inboard is obviously greater than the turbine outer rim of conventional centrifugal vortex wheel pump and the spacing of pump shell inboard;

Therefore this ship has reduced contacting of turbine and fairing inside low amounts of water; Thereby significantly reduce turbine in this water resistance that receives; It utilizes the injection kinetic energy of this a part of water because of it simultaneously; And obtain extra promotion energy, thus increased the capacity usage ratio of this ship, strengthened the moving velocity of this ship accordingly.

Above-mentioned the present invention program two has carried out expansion respectively, improved and has replenished to scheme 16 on the basis of scheme one, make the present invention have better Practical Performance.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is: simple in structure, safe in utilization, running wastage is little, and economic performance is good, can obviously reduce its comprehensive use cost, is a kind of convenient and good waterborne traffic transportation means; Hull the effect that drives turbine down all lifting go out the water surface, broken away from the obstruction of high density water, turbine is to the component forward of the positive pressure of water, the major impetus that the steamer of formation driving simultaneously advances; The present invention's turbine has relative motion between water and the turbine when rotating forward, therefore turbine blade receives the viscous resistance and the turbulent drag of water; Water has the trend that stops the turbine rotation, for this steamer to the resistance of turbine; This resistance that steamer receives passes over through turbine, the power of directed forward; This power not only constitute to hinder the resistance that steamer advances, and but constitutes on the contrary to drive one of tractive force that steamer advances.For above-mentioned scheme 14, the present invention does not receive any unfavorable resistance of water; For other scheme, the water resistance that the present invention receives at positions such as high-velocity rudders has also been lowered to greatest extent; The present invention has simultaneously also obviously reduced the aerodynamic drag that steamer receives, and increases substantially surface navigation speed.When using onesize driving power, the present invention can provide higher route speed than conventional steamer, for people provide at a high speed, quick, economic marine communication means; The balanced system of running at high speed that the present invention is used has guaranteed the on an even keel of steamer; The design of this rudder for ship also can adapt to the demands of different of navigation at a high speed and low speed driving.

[description of drawings]

Fig. 1-the 1st, the hull appearance profile scheme drawing of conventional steamer

Fig. 1-2 is the structural representation of conventional centrifugal pump of the prior art or conventional centrifugal air pump

Fig. 2 is the construction profile scheme drawing of the centrifugal turbine in the present invention's flywheel ship waterborne

Fig. 3 is the mounting structure scheme drawing of fairing

Fig. 4 is the scheme drawing of lowsteaming state of the flywheel ship waterborne of no fairing

Fig. 5 is the scheme drawing of steamer high speed operational configuration as shown in Figure 4

Fig. 6 is the scheme drawing of lowsteaming state that contains the flywheel ship waterborne of fairing

Fig. 7 is the scheme drawing of steamer high speed operational configuration as shown in Figure 6

Fig. 8 is the scheme drawing that the flywheel ship waterborne of three row's centrifugal turbines is installed

Fig. 9 is the scheme drawing that look up the bottom of the flywheel ship light-duty waterborne of the another kind of embodiment of the present invention

Figure 10-the 1st, the scheme drawing of hull bottom faulted-stage structure and faulted-stage air inlet pipe;

Figure 10-the 2nd, the construction profile scheme drawing that faulted-stage is sheltered from by the ship side sidewall;

Figure 11 is the scheme of installation of air door

Figure 12 is the structural representation of centrifugal turbine

Figure 13 is the birds-eye view of view shown in figure 12

Figure 14 is the outer rim end points and the axial scheme drawing that is connected of turbine of the turbine blade of centrifugal turbine shown in figure 12

Figure 15 is centrifugal turbine blade outer rim end points shown in figure 12 and turbine hub bonded assembly scheme drawing

Figure 16 is the centrifugal turbine scheme drawing that has increased by one times of turbine blade shown in figure 12

Figure 17 is the centrifugal turbine scheme drawing that has increased by one times of turbine blade shown in figure 13

Figure 18 is the centrifugal turbine scheme drawing that has increased by one times of turbine blade shown in figure 14

Figure 19 is the centrifugal turbine scheme drawing that has increased by one times of turbine blade shown in figure 15

Figure 20 is the centrifugal turbine scheme drawing that the turbine blade outer rim is obliquely installed

Figure 21 is the birds-eye view of view shown in figure 20

Figure 22 is the upward view of view shown in figure 20

Figure 23 is the enlarged drawing at view A shown in figure 22 place

Figure 24 has been to use the upward view of the flywheel boat bottom waterborne of centrifugal turbine shown in figure 20

Figure 25 is a scheme of installation of having set up the flywheel ship waterborne of air screw power plant

Figure 26 is the lateral plan that the centrifugal turbine of the turbine blade that is symmetrical bending outer rim has been installed

Figure 27 is the birds-eye view of view shown in figure 26

Figure 28 is the upward view of view shown in figure 26

Figure 29 has been to use the upward view of the flywheel boat bottom waterborne of centrifugal turbine shown in figure 26

Figure 30 is the mounting structure scheme drawing of surfboard in the flywheel ship waterborne

Figure 31 has installed the structure of sidewall rudder plate at the side of surfboard as shown in Figure 30

Figure 32 is the enlarged drawing of flywheel quarter of a ship waterborne shown in figure 31

Figure 33 is the sidewall rudder plate of opposite side in the view shown in figure 32 and the mounting structure scheme drawing of surfboard

Figure 34 is the positive local structure scheme drawing like afterbody rudder for ship part among Figure 31

Figure 35 is the water skiing faulted-stage structural representation on the surfboard

Figure 36 is the mounting structure scheme drawing of air driven pump

Figure 37 is that air driven pump is to the gas filed scheme drawing of water skiing faulted-stage

Figure 38 has only installed the scheme drawing of flywheel ship lowsteaming state waterborne of the centrifugal turbine of a pair of no fairing

Figure 39 is the scheme drawing of steamer high speed operational configuration shown in figure 38

Figure 40 is the scheme drawing of flywheel ship lowsteaming state waterborne that the centrifugal turbine of the no fairings of three rows has been installed

Figure 41 is the scheme drawing of steamer high speed operational configuration shown in figure 40

Figure 42 is the air driven pump of quarter of a ship sprays the slit air feed backward through the high-speed air passage a path scheme drawing

Figure 43 is the position view that is provided with in spray slit, back

Figure 44 is the enlarged drawing like afterbody air feed path among Figure 42

Figure 45 is the Facad structure scheme drawing like the part of the rudder for ship among Figure 42

Figure 46 is the inner structure scheme drawing like Figure 45 rudder for ship

Figure 47 is the section-drawing of A-A direction shown in figure 46

Figure 48 is the back spray gap structure scheme drawing among another embodiment

Figure 49 is the lateral plan that is provided with the high-velocity rudder of airtight slide block

Figure 50 is the lateral plan that includes the high-velocity rudder of airtight slide block and miniature surfboard

The in-to-in structural representation of the airtight slide block of Figure 51 above its rudder for ship

Figure 52 is the cutaway view of view B-B direction shown in Figure 51

Figure 53 is the cutaway view of view C-C direction shown in Figure 52

Figure 54 is the cutaway view of view D-D direction shown in Figure 52

Figure 55 is the scheme drawing that a pair of centrifugal turbine in hull both sides is configured with interlaced asymmetric layout

Figure 56 is a kind of structural representations of two pairs of centrifugal turbines of hull side with interlaced configuration

Figure 57 is the another kind of structural representations of two pairs of centrifugal turbines of hull side with interlaced configuration

Figure 58 is the generalized section that the back spray draining hole of turbine fairing is connected with the ejection mouth of a river, back through back spray sluice way

Figure 59 is the generalized section of turbine fairing and other a kind of version of back spray draining hole

Label among the figure: 1, conventional steamer hull; 2, turbine blade; 3, turbine hub; 4, turbo-shaft; 5, fairing; 6, streamline contour hull; 7, yaw rudder; 8, high-velocity rudder; 9, faulted-stage; 10, low speed driving waterline; 11, the waterline of running at high speed; 12, air screw; 13, surfboard; 14, left side wall rudder plate; 15, right side wall rudder plate; 16, slide plate air inlet pipe; 17, yaw rudder hollow shaft; 18, air driven pump; 19, water skiing faulted-stage; 20, rectification air inlet pipe; 21, faulted-stage air inlet pipe; 22, air door; 23, back spray slit; 24, high-speed air passage; 25, airtight slide block; 26, miniature surfboard; 27, back spray draining hole; 28, back spray sluice way; 29, the back ejection mouth of a river.

[specific embodiment]

Below in conjunction with detailed description of the drawings concrete structure of the present invention

Flywheel shipowner waterborne of the present invention will partly be made up of streamline contour hull 6, the power system that contains propelling unit, fitting-out, the balanced system of running at high speed and rudder for ship etc.; Wherein, The core that is used to reduce water resistance, improve the speed of a ship or plane is to have adopted centrifugal turbine as propelling unit; Centrifugal turbine is installed on the bottom of steamer, plays a part that the hull lifting is gone out the water surface and goes at express speed forward with the driving steamer.As shown in Figure 2, centrifugal turbine is made up of turbine blade 2, turbine hub 3 and turbo-shaft 4, and turbine blade 2 is wide and big, and it is mounted on the outer fringe position place of turbine hub 3.

Following various embodiment is replenishing, improve and expansion of on the basis of above-mentioned each scheme, carrying out.

Embodiment one:

As shown in Figure 4; The flywheel ship waterborne of present embodiment includes streamline contour hull 6, contains parts such as the power system of centrifugal turbine, the balanced system of running at high speed, rudder for ship; Centrifugal turbine is installed on the bottom of hull; Part turbine blade 2 stretches out the below that is exposed to hull bottom downwards, and the highly preferred data of expose portion are approximately greater than four of turbine diameter/in the lump less than the turbine radius; Rudder for ship is installed on the afterbody of hull, and placed in the middle the setting.

The balanced system of running at high speed of present embodiment has comprised the balance in roll that the centrifugal turbine formation of synchronous rotation is set in the bilateral symmetry of hull, and in the front and back of hull the balance in pitch that two row's centrifugal turbines constitute is set respectively.

The rudder for ship of present embodiment is made up of two parts, and a part is the yaw rudder 7 similar with conventional steamer, and this yaw rudder 7 accounts for the major part of rudder for ship area; Another part is the high-velocity rudder 8 that is arranged at yaw rudder 7 bottoms, and the area of this a part of rudder face obviously is reduced to below 1/3rd of the rudder for ship gross area.

When steamer berthed, its draft was static waterline, and its static waterline is close with low speed driving waterline 10.After the driving centrifugal turbine begins rotation; 2 pairs of water generates of turbine blade downwards with backward application force; Rotating speed when beginning to rotate because of turbine blade 2 is lower, and the downward application force of 2 pairs of water of turbine blade still can not support hull upwards and lifting goes out the water surface, and this moment, this ship was with low speed to overtake; Whole rudder faces of rudder for ship all are immersed under water, for low velocity go the provider to control used.

As shown in Figure 5; When driving the centrifugal turbine high speed revolution, steamer is under the driving of turbine blade 2, and the downward pressure that 2 pairs of waters surface of turbine blade apply receives upwards and antagonistic force forward hull with thrust backward; Hull can be lifted out the water surface by centrifugal turbine; Yaw rudder is also followed rising and the upwards lifting (seeing Fig. 3 and Fig. 7) simultaneously of stern, and the most area of first of yaw rudder 7 surfaces, another part be positioned under water then be the less high-velocity rudder of area 8; High-velocity rudder 8 is the parts that are positioned under the waterline 11 of running at high speed, the direction control rudder plate when becoming steamer and running at high speed.Because hull no longer contacts with highdensity water, the resistance between the hull and the water surface also just no longer exists, so steamer can high-revolving navigation forward.

Run at high speed when steamer, when running into the situation that needs sudden stop, slows down rapidly, stop to drive centrifugal turbine; Produce very big resistance between the turbine blade 2 of hull below and the water; After hull descends simultaneously, also produce very big resistance between the hull and the water surface, thereby make steamer slow down significantly.

It is pointed out that employed centrifugal turbine can adopt like Figure 12 to structure shown in Figure 15, the line of the blade outer rim both sides end points of this centrifugal turbine and the parallel axes (seeing Figure 13) of turbo-shaft 4 in the present embodiment.In order to improve the mechanical strength of turbine blade, the end points of each blade outer rim of centrifugal turbine can also be connected to it (seeing Figure 14 and Figure 15 respectively) through several supports between turbine hub 3.The blade outer rim end points of centrifugal turbine and turbine hub 3 interlink along the line through radius and to support the side-looking outline figure form, constitute the shape of outer contour shown in figure 15.

Further; To centrifugal turbine structure shown in Figure 19, is to centrifugal turbine shown in Figure 15, to have increased by one times of blade quantity at Figure 12 like Figure 16, when turbine rotates with identical speed; The frequency that blade contacts with the water surface can increase exponentially, and steamer receives the impact amplitude and will obviously reduce.

Embodiment two:

Figure 40 and shown in Figure 41, the difference of present embodiment and the foregoing description one is that the flywheel ship waterborne of present embodiment respectively is provided with three row or the centrifugal driving turbines of multi-row in the front and back of hull.

Embodiment three:

Like Fig. 3 and Fig. 6, shown in Figure 8; The difference of present embodiment and above-mentioned two embodiment is; There is a fairing 5 centrifugal turbine top in the present embodiment; All be sealed in the fairing 5 of top greater than the turbine of centrifugal turbine radius part, account for less than the centrifugal turbine radius and stretch downwards in the fairing 5 with the turbine blade 2 of lower part and be exposed to the below of hull bottom, turbine blade 2 height that expose to the open air out are greater than 1/4th of turbine diameter; The used centrifugal turbine of the present invention is in the position part (seeing Fig. 1-2) corresponding to conventional centrifugal pump water outlet (or drain pipe overflow pipe of conventional centrifugal air pump); Opened bigger opening (seeing Fig. 2 and Fig. 3); This opening is to be positioned at wheel boat bottom (seeing Fig. 6, Fig. 7), turbine blade 2 be exactly from then on opening part to exposing outside, when turbine blade 2 rotations; Turbine blade 2 drives the water surface of below, thereby for steamer lifting strength and the propulsive effort forward (seeing Fig. 6, Fig. 7) that makes progress is provided.In addition; As shown in Figure 3; The pairing position of the water inlet of the present invention and conventional centrifugal pump (or the air inlet of conventional centrifugal air pump inlet); Be provided with one in fairing 5 corresponding positions and be used to the into import of air, this import is communicated with rectification air inlet pipe 20, and rectification air inlet pipe 20 upper ends communicate with the air of hull top.

Embodiment four:

The difference of present embodiment and above-mentioned each embodiment is; Increase the damping, buffering system that is provided with between centrifugal turbine and the hull; Its damping, buffering system promptly can use spring plate to come damping, buffering, can also use coil spring to come damping, buffering, also can use the high pressure air capsule to come damping, buffering.

Embodiment five:

The difference of present embodiment and above-mentioned each embodiment is; Extremely shown in Figure 22 like Figure 20; The end points of each turbine blade 2, one side outer rim of centrifugal turbine is adjacent the straight line that end points determined and the parallel axes of turbo-shaft of an other side outer rim of blade in the present embodiment; The straight line that end points determined of 1 side point of each turbine blade 2 inner edge and the opposite side inner edge of adjacent turbine blades 2 also with the parallel axes of its turbo-shaft 4; On all turbine blade outer rims all is to be positioned on the face of cylinder that is determined with the turbine radius a bit arbitrarily; The outer rim of all turbine blades 2 is circles of a standard in the projection of the axis direction of its turbo-shaft 4.

The embodiment of the invention; No matter turbine goes to any angle; All the time keep contacting of some turbine blade outer rim between the outer rim of turbine blade 2 and the desirable level face; Though its contact area changes, the area of its contact can be kept relatively stable, thereby makes load above the steamer can not receive the hardship of the impact of jolting.

Because constituted β angle (seeing Figure 23) between the line of the end points of the left and right sides outer rim of each blade and the axis of turbo-shaft 4; Turbine blade 2 is with turbo-shaft 4 rotations the time, and turbine blade 2 outer rims also are β to the thrust direction of the water surface and the angle of steamer working direction; In order to guarantee that steamer left and right sides turbine total thrust is parallel with the steamer axis direction; The present invention is that the perpendicular with the steamer axis is the plane of symmetry; The turbine blade 2 of its steamer and arranged on left and right sides is that this perpendicular is the plane of symmetry and mutual symmetry, so the used carrying turbine of the present invention need be divided into different (the seeing Figure 24) on left side and right side.

Embodiment six:

The difference of present embodiment and above-mentioned each embodiment is; Extremely shown in Figure 29 like Figure 26; Two end points of the mid point of any turbine blade 2 outer rims of centrifugal turbine and its back adjacent turbine blades 2 both sides outer rims are to be on same the straight line in the present embodiment, and the axis of this straight line and its turbo-shaft 4 parallels; The both sides end points of the mid point of any turbine blade 2 inner edges of centrifugal turbine and its rear adjacent leaf turbine wheel 2 inner edges also is to be on same the straight line, and the axis of this straight line and its turbo-shaft 4 also is parallel to each other; On all turbine blade outer rims all is to be positioned on the face of cylinder that is determined with the turbine radius a bit arbitrarily.

The turbine structure of the left and right sides that the embodiment of the invention is used all is identical; Each side of present embodiment steamer has all been used the carrying turbine of this spline structure; Such carrying turbine does not just have left and right sides turbine difference structurally yet, and its these characteristics are its installation, use and maintenance is provided convenience.

Embodiment seven:

Shown in figure 25; The difference of present embodiment and above-mentioned each embodiment is; Present embodiment is in order further to increase the speed of flywheel ship waterborne; Above hull, also set up the air screw 12 of drive air and the driving engine of drive air screw propeller 12 backward, thereby increased considerably propulsive effort to overtake, further increased moving velocity.

Embodiment eight:

Shown in Figure 10-1, the difference of present embodiment and above-mentioned each embodiment is that the hull bottom of the flywheel ship waterborne in the present embodiment has a faulted-stage 9, offers gas port in faulted-stage 9 parts, and gas port communicates through the air of a faulted-stage air inlet pipe 21 with the ship top.In the present invention, can not directly see the faulted-stage of hull bottom from the side of ship, this is to be blocked (seeing Figure 10-2) because be positioned at the faulted-stage 9 of boat bottom by the sidewall paneling of hull.Faulted-stage 9 starts the hull lifting stage of navigation and the hull decline stage of the deceleration of running at high speed at steamer; The stage that contacts gradually or begin to separate with the water surface alow; Can make and add one deck air film between the steamer and the water surface; Reduce the area that hull bottom and water contact with each other, thereby reduce the resistance that hull bottom receives water, for the lifting or the going of decline stage of hull provides a speed transition smoothly.

Embodiment nine:

Shown in figure 11, the embodiment of the invention is on the basis of embodiment eight, and faulted-stage air inlet pipe 21 communicates with the air of ship top through an air door 22 again.When steamer when navigating by water at a high speed, when running into the situation that needs sudden stop, slows down rapidly, it is through stopping to drive centrifugal turbine; And close synchronously air door 22; Steamer will descend fast and contact with the water surface, and its faulted-stage air inlet pipe 21 is closed because of air door 22, is no longer charged into air between the hull bottom and the water surface; The resistance that produces between the hull bottom and the water surface will sharply increase, thereby slows down significantly.

Embodiment ten A:

The difference of present embodiment and above-mentioned each embodiment is, the centrifugal turbine of present embodiment hull both sides is to install and dispose (seeing Figure 55) with interlaced asymmetric layout; Figure 56, Figure 57 then are respectively other two kinds of embodiment that drive centrifugal turbine layout structure form.

Embodiment ten B: the difference of present embodiment and above-mentioned each embodiment is that present embodiment is provided with high-speed air passage 24 in rudder for ship inside; High-speed air passage 24 from high-velocity rudder 8 inner through yaw rudders 7 be arranged at yaw rudder hollow shaft 17 on the rudder for ship and extend to the hull top and communicate with air; Be respectively arranged with the back spray slit 23 (seeing Figure 47) of opening directed rearward in the left and right sides of high-velocity rudder 8 leading edges, spray slit 23, back is connected with high-speed air passage 24.

Here utilize spray slit, back 23 to be provided with a faulted-stage structure for high-velocity rudder 8; The faulted-stage structure of present embodiment and fwd embodiment eight said boat bottom has similar effect; Present embodiment then is the faulted-stage structure that constitutes through the other back spray slit 23 of high-velocity rudder 8 sides; For the air film of isolation is provided between high-velocity rudder 8 and the water, thereby reduce the water resistance that high-velocity rudder 8 receives.

When hull is run at high speed; The next door in water spray slit 23 from the back is skimmed over, and makes spray slit, the back 23 inner meiobars that form, the atmospheric air of hull top; Through high-speed air passage 24, among the back spray slit 23 of high-velocity rudder 8 leading edge both sides, get into to inner the replenishing in the back spray slit of high-velocity rudder 8 both sides.When flywheel height speed waterborne is gone; Back spray slit 23 by high-velocity rudder 8 both sides sucks and next gas; Will be coated on the left and right side of high-velocity rudder 8; Increased the part air film between the left and right sides surface that makes high-velocity rudder 8 and the high density water body, the area of contact of high-velocity rudder 8 and water reduces significantly, thereby has significantly reduced the resistance of the water that high-velocity rudder 8 receives.

Embodiment 11:

To shown in Figure 47, the difference of present embodiment and the foregoing description ten B is that present embodiment inside increase on the quarter is provided with air driven pump 18 like Figure 42; The outlet of air driven pump 18 communicates with the top of high-speed air passage 24; The structure of remainder is identical with embodiment ten B.Such as: rudder for ship inside is provided with high-speed air passage 24; High-speed air passage 24 extends in the hull with the yaw rudder hollow shaft 17 that is arranged on the rudder for ship from high-velocity rudder 8 inner process yaw rudders 7; Be respectively arranged with the back spray slit 23 (seeing Figure 47) of opening directed rearward in the left and right sides of high-velocity rudder 8 leading edges, spray slit 23, back is connected with high-speed air passage 24.

The high pressure gas that the built-in air driven pump 18 of hull comes out through high-speed air passage 24, spray to the both sides of high-velocity rudder 8 among the back spray slit 23 of high-velocity rudder 8 leading edge both sides; When flywheel height speed waterborne is gone; Spray high pressure gas among the back spray slit 23 of high-velocity rudder 8 both sides; The high pressure gas of ejection will be coated on the left and right side of high-velocity rudder 8; Increased one deck air film between the left and right sides surface that makes high-velocity rudder 8 and the high density water body, the area of contact of high-velocity rudder 8 and water reduces significantly, thereby has significantly reduced the resistance of the water that high-velocity rudder receives.

Preferably, shown in figure 48, spray slit 23 in back is opened in more near the position of high-velocity rudder 8 leading edges, and its advantage is that high-velocity rudder 8 has more surperficial position to be covered by air film, thereby further reduces the resistance between high-velocity rudder 8 and the water.

Embodiment 12:

Present embodiment is on the basis of embodiment 11, to have increased the airtight slide blocks 25 of back spray slit 23 in-to-ins (seeing Figure 49, Figure 50, Figure 51, Figure 52, Figure 53, Figure 54):

There is a chute inside in spray slit 23 in the back, and an airtight slide block 25 is arranged on the chute, and airtight slide block 25 can slide up and down along chute; Two miniature surfboards 26 are arranged in the side of high-velocity rudder; High back is low before the miniature surfboard 26, and it is horizontal by the angle in several years; It is to be fixedly linked that miniature surfboard 26 sprays between the airtight slide block 25 on the 23 inner chutes of slit through the gap in back spray slit 23 with the back; Miniature surfboard 26 and airtight slide block 25 are when chute slides up and down, and it can close the back spray slit 23 of airtight slide block 25 tops, opens the back spray slit 23 of airtight slide block 25 belows; Airtight slide block 25 links to each other with the retracing spring of a downward application of force of back spray slit 23 in-to-ins.

Present embodiment spray slit 23 in back under guaranteeing the water surface open fully and jet in; It can also in time be closed the back spray slit 23 on the water surface; It is through such technological means, has avoided back spray slit 23 emergent gass on the water surface and causes the waste of jet energy.

Embodiment 13:

The difference of present embodiment and above-mentioned each embodiment is: present embodiment is between the paired both sides centrifugal turbine that is provided with in hull bottom, is connected with each other through change-speed box again; Be respectively less than 1 between the speed-change area of its converter speed ratio, equal 1 and greater than three speed change zones of 1; The adjustment change-speed box can make the centrifugal turbine of both sides rotate synchronously, also can rotate, can also rotate by the low differential in a right high left side by the high right low differential in a left side.When left and right sides centrifugal turbine rotated synchronously, the propulsive effort that steamer receives was the rectilinear direction along fully forward.When left side centrifugal turbine rotating speed during less than the right side, this steamer left side receives small driving force, and this steamer is deflection to the left; When left side centrifugal turbine rotating speed during greater than the right side, this steamer left side receives bigger propulsive effort, and this steamer is deflection to the right.

Embodiment 14:

The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 13 is: present embodiment has been cancelled high-velocity rudder; Present embodiment is the speed discrepancy through adjustment left and right sides turbine; Change the direction of steamer navigation, thus the water resistance that makes this steamer when navigating by water at a high speed, avoid the existence because of high-velocity rudder to receive.

Embodiment 15:

The steamer of present embodiment is a kind of light-duty flywheel ship waterborne, and parts such as its balanced system of running at high speed, yaw rudder are distinguished with aforesaid inventive embodiments to some extent.

Shown in Fig. 9, Figure 30, Figure 31, Figure 34, Figure 38 and Figure 39, Figure 55 (having omitted surfboard wherein among Fig. 9 and Figure 55), the balanced system of running at high speed of present embodiment flywheel ship waterborne includes balance in roll and balance in pitch; The balance in roll of steamer is the driving centrifugal turbine that is provided with a pair of synchronous rotation in the left and right sides of hull, the balance in roll when navigating by water at a high speed in order to the assurance steamer; The balance in pitch of steamer is that the centrifugal turbine with the steamer left and right sides is placed in before the center of gravity of midbody, below the yaw rudder at hull rear, has set up the surfboard 13 (seeing Figure 30) that balance in pitch is provided., contact with the water surface and impacted and, be provided with the damping, buffering structure to shown in Figure 34 like Figure 31 in the junction of surfboard 13 and rudder for ship to the vibration of hull generation in order to reduce surfboard 13; Both sides below surfboard 13 are vertically installed with left side wall rudder plate 14 and right side wall rudder plate 15 respectively, and this is the usefulness as the high speed rudder face, and the provider is to control when going out the water surface for its high speed sailing hull and the whole liftings of stern.

When the stage is run at high speed in the steamer entering; Centrifugal turbine will be taken turns the vessel main body lifting and gone out the water surface; Surfboard 13 receives the lifting force that water makes progress to it among sliding at a high speed, surfboard 13 rises to hydroplaning, and it also goes out the water surface with the stern lifting simultaneously; Because the afterbody of steamer has only area very little surfboard 13 to contact with the water surface, so the water resistance that the wheel quarter of a ship receives reduces significantly.

Embodiment 16:

Shown in figure 35, the difference of present embodiment and the foregoing description 15 is, the bottom of surfboard 13 increases and is provided with the faulted-stage structure in the present embodiment, communicates with air above the ship through a slide plate air inlet pipe 16 at water skiing faulted-stage 19 places.When surfboard 13 slides at a high speed; Air gets into water skiing faulted-stages 19 from slide plate air inlet pipe 16, sucks surfboard 13 and water position contacting by the faulted-stage place again, thereby makes increase one deck air film between the water surface of surfboard 13 and below; Surfboard 13 is originally with water and directly contacts; At this moment because of the entering of air, the area with the water direct contact has significantly been reduced in the below of surfboard 13, and the water resistance that surfboard 13 belows receive will further obviously reduce.

Respectively there are a left side wall rudder plate 14 and right side wall rudder plate 15 in the both sides of surfboard 13 belows, and these two rudder plates are not merely the moment that the steamer of running at high speed provides directional control, become the direction control rudder plate when running at high speed; Simultaneously; From slide plate air inlet pipe 16, again via faulted-stage position suction air; Also can be because of the obstruction of left side wall rudder plate 14 and right side wall rudder plate 15; The air that prevents to charge into is discharged from the both sides of surfboard 13, thereby between the surfboard 13 and the water surface more stable isolation air film being provided, obviously reduces the resistance of water.

Embodiment 17:

Like Figure 36 and shown in Figure 37; The difference of present embodiment and the foregoing description 16 is; Water skiing faulted-stage 19 part bonded assembly slide plate air inlet pipes 16 pass yaw rudder hollow shaft 17 in the present embodiment, and the outlet with air driven pump 18 above this slide plate air inlet pipe 16 communicates.

Present embodiment is that the faulted-stage of surfboard 13 provides air cushion through the active air pump; When surfboard 13 slides at a high speed; High pressure air charges into water skiing faulted-stage 19 from slide plate air inlet pipe 16; Be pressed into surfboard 13 and water surface position contacting by the faulted-stage place again; Increase the stable air film layer of one deck between the water surface of surfboard 13 and below thereby make, the below of surfboard 13 has been reduced the area with the water direct contact significantly, and the resistance that surfboard is received is reduced to minimum level.

Embodiment 18:

In the present embodiment; High-velocity rudder 8 is the sidewall rudder plate of surfboard 13 left and right sides; The difference of present embodiment and the foregoing description 15 to embodiment 17 is; On each sidewall rudder plate, also offer the back spray slit 23 of opening directed rearward near the left and right sides of leading edge, but its effect and setting reference implementation example 11.

Embodiment 19:

The difference of present embodiment and the foregoing description two to embodiment 18 is:

Shown in Figure 58, this ship centrifugal turbine fairing 5 is provided with back spray draining hole 27 at its rear side, and its back spray draining hole 27 is connected with the back ejection mouth of a river 29 of boat bottom through back spray sluice way 28 again; The spacing of centrifugal turbine outer rim and fairing 5 inboards is obviously greater than the turbine outer rim of conventional centrifugal vortex wheel pump and the spacing of pump shell inboard;

Present embodiment can come out the 5 in-to-in water drainages of turbine fairing, makes turbine avoid contacting with fairing 5 inner a spot of water to greatest extent, thereby significantly reduces turbine at this resistance that receives; It has also utilized the injection kinetic energy of this a part of water because of it simultaneously, thereby for present embodiment obtains extra promotion energy, has increased the capacity usage ratio of this ship, has strengthened the moving velocity of this ship accordingly or has reduced degradation of energy.

Embodiment 20:

The difference of present embodiment and the foregoing description 19 is; Shown in Figure 59; This ship will spray draining hole 27 thereafter to have carried out partly improving and adjustment with the structure of back spray sluice way 28; Spray the jetting fluidised form that drainage is come out thereby improve,, improve the utilization ratio of energy so that reduce the resistance of water accordingly thereafter.

Constitute more kinds of embodiments after can making up each other between above-mentioned each embodiment, substitute or splitting.

In sum, the present invention utilizes centrifugal turbine that the hull lifting that makes progress is gone out the water surface, make whole hull with highdensity surface deviation contact, reduced the resistance of water significantly; Centrifugal turbine applies the antagonistic force of positive pressure to the water surface; This power is at its component of direction straight up; Being the propulsion source that the lifting hull upwards breaks away from the water surface, is the basic motive that drive wheel height speed is gone at the component forward of level, and the present invention can go at express speed forward at the water surface with very high speed.

Described above be merely a part of main embodiment of the present invention; The invention is not restricted to above-mentioned embodiment; Said such as embodiment 17, have the structure of the surfboard 13 of air driven pump 18 and sidewall rudder plate, it is similar with the air cushion keystone configuration partly of conventional captured air bubble machine; So when the bottom structure with the captured air bubble machine of micro-miniaturisation, when being used to replace the structure of surfboard of the present invention, it will be identical with the content of the embodiment 17 of presents; In addition, for embodiment 12 described miniature surfboards 26, it can use the embodiment 17 said technology that have the surfboard of air layers reducing resistance fully, thereby makes miniature surfboard 26 further reduce the resistance between it and the water.What deserves to be mentioned is; About each turbine blade 2 on the driving turbine of the present invention; If from surfboard angle turbine blade 2, turbine blade 2 has similar aspect, the technology of the air layers reducing resistance on related embodiment 16, the embodiment 17 described surfboards 13 with surfboard 13 of the present invention; Also can be applied on the turbine blade 2, thereby constitute other embodiment of the present invention.

Any retouching that all those of ordinary skill in the art make according to above description, revise or be equal to replacement, the scope that all belongs to the present invention and protected.

Claims

1. flywheel ship waterborne, it comprises hull, is provided with the marine powerplant of propelling unit, it is characterized in that: hull is the streamline contour hull that whole outside face meets aerodynamic characteristics; Propelling unit is a centrifugal turbine, and centrifugal turbine is installed on the bottom of hull, and centrifugal turbine comprises turbo-shaft, turbine hub and roomy turbine blade, and turbine blade is mounted on turbine hub outer rim, and turbine blade stretches out the below that is exposed to hull bottom downwards; Both sides, hull bottom are provided with centrifugal turbine, and the afterbody of hull is provided with rudder for ship, and the bottom of rudder for ship is a high-velocity rudder.

2. a kind of flywheel ship waterborne according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: centrifugal turbine is symmetricly set in the both sides of hull bottom.

3. a kind of flywheel ship waterborne according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: link to each other through change-speed box between the centrifugal turbine of hull both sides; Be respectively less than one between the speed-change area of the converter speed ratio of change-speed box, equal one and greater than three speed change zones of one.

4. flywheel ship waterborne according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the fairing that is provided with centrifugal turbine in the hull; This fairing and hull bottom intersection are provided with opening; Turbine blade stretches out hull from opening part, be communicated with on the position of fairing near turbo-shaft with hull above the rectification air inlet pipe that communicates of air.

5. a kind of flywheel ship waterborne according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: the rear side of centrifugal turbine fairing is provided with back spray draining hole; Hull bottom is provided with the ejection mouth of a river, back, is provided with the back spray sluice way that is connected with the back spray draining hole and the ejection mouth of a river, back in the hull.

6. flywheel ship waterborne according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the side point of each the turbine blade outer rim on the centrifugal turbine is adjacent the straight line that the opposite side end points of turbine blade outer rim determined and the parallel axes of turbo-shaft; Side point of each turbine blade inner edge and the straight line that end points determined of the opposite side of adjacent turbine blades inner edge and the parallel axes of turbo-shaft; On all turbine blade outer rims all is to be positioned on the face of cylinder that is determined with the turbine radius a bit arbitrarily.

7. flywheel ship waterborne according to claim 1 is characterized in that: two end points of the mid point of any turbine blade outer rim and its adjacent turbine blades both sides, back outer rim are to be on same the straight line parallel axes of this straight line and turbo-shaft; Two end points of the both sides of the mid point of any turbine blade inner edge and rear adjacent turbine blade inner edge are to be on same the straight line, and the axis of this straight line and its turbo-shaft parallels; All be on the face of cylinder that is positioned at turbine radius institute formation cylinder arbitrarily a bit on the turbine blade outer rim.

8. flywheel ship waterborne according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: hull bottom is provided with faulted-stage, and the faulted-stage place is provided with gas port, and hull is built-in with the faulted-stage air inlet pipe; The lower end of faulted-stage air inlet pipe is connected with gas port, and the upper end of faulted-stage air inlet pipe is connected with the air of hull top.

9. flywheel ship waterborne according to claim 8 is characterized in that: in the faulted-stage air inlet pipe air door is installed.

10. flywheel ship waterborne according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with a pair of centrifugal turbine in the both sides of hull bottom, centrifugal turbine places before the center of gravity of midbody; The bottom of yaw rudder is provided with the surfboard that keeps balance in pitch, and high-velocity rudder is the sidewall rudder plate that is arranged at the left and right sides, surfboard below, and the sidewall rudder plate is perpendicular to surfboard.

11. flywheel ship waterborne according to claim 10, it is characterized in that: the surfboard lower end is provided with the water skiing faulted-stage, and water skiing faulted-stage place offers pore, and the pore place is connected with the slide plate air inlet pipe that is connected with hull top air.

12. flywheel ship waterborne according to claim 11, it is characterized in that: hull is built-in with air driven pump, and air driven pump is connected through the pore of slide plate air inlet pipe with the water skiing faulted-stage.

13. flywheel ship waterborne according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: high-velocity rudder inside is provided with the high-speed air passage, and the high-speed air passage extends in the hull through the yaw rudder hollow shaft that is arranged on the rudder for ship; Hull interior is mounted with air driven pump, and the top of high-speed air passage links to each other with the pressurized air delivery side of pump; Below the high-speed air passage, the left and right sides that is positioned at the high-velocity rudder leading edge is respectively arranged with the back spray slit of opening directed rearward, and spray slit, back is connected with the high-speed air passage.

14. flywheel ship waterborne according to claim 13 is characterized in that: the inside in back spray slit is provided with chute, is provided with the airtight slide block that can slide up and down along chute on the chute; Be provided with two miniature surfboards in the side of high-velocity rudder, high back low dip setting before miniature surfboard is; Miniature surfboard is fixedly linked through the airtight slide block on the inner chute in gap and spray slit, back in spray slit, back; Spray inside, slit, back is provided with retracing spring, and retracing spring links to each other with airtight slide block.

15. flywheel ship waterborne according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with shock absorption buffering mechanism between centrifugal turbine and the hull.

16. the drive system of a kind of flywheel ship waterborne according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the top of hull is provided with air screw and the driving engine that drives screw propeller.