CN102687034B - Method for recognizing starting capability - Google Patents
Method for recognizing starting capability Download PDFInfo
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- CN102687034B CN102687034B CN201180005422.2A CN201180005422A CN102687034B CN 102687034 B CN102687034 B CN 102687034B CN 201180005422 A CN201180005422 A CN 201180005422A CN 102687034 B CN102687034 B CN 102687034B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000205 computational method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
- G01R31/3647—Constructional arrangements for determining the ability of a battery to perform a critical function, e.g. cranking
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
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Abstract
A kind of method for being used to recognize the starting capability of starter battery is proposed, is controlled with reference to the starting/stopping of internal combustion engine, wherein, in order to try to achieve the different running statuses that the charged state of battery considers internal combustion engine, wherein, analysis voltage and without current measurement.Here, being tried to achieve battery status by means of analysis method, the analysis method is run in three different running statuses according to three kinds of different methods.Implement once these different methods with middle during the dead ship condition of internal combustion engine during the starting process of internal combustion engine, during the transport condition of internal combustion engine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for being used to recognize the starting capability of starter battery, especially with reference in motor vehicle
The starting/stopping control of the starting/stopping operational mode of internal combustion engine.Herein by means of by source of electrical energy --- such as starter electricity
The starting device of pond feed starts internal combustion engine.The invention further relates to a kind of starting/stopping control device, it has for motor-driven
The switching logic unit of the starting/stopping operational mode of internal combustion engine in car, wherein, internal combustion engine can be presented by by starter battery
The starting device of electricity is started.Moreover, it relates to a kind of computer program for being used to implement the method according to the invention
Product.
Background technology
In order to recognize starting capability need to recognize on the whole the charged state or battery status of starter battery and by
This exports the charged state or whether the battery status is enough for reliable starting process.In order to try to achieve startup ability
Or battery status or battery charging state, in the presence of many methods.Can by means of specific battery status recognizer
To avoid failure, the mistake successfully the reset shut-off of internal combustion engine is hindered especially in starting/stopping system.Reset
When these failures may for example be caused by the poor charged state of battery.
In the legacy system recognized for battery status, generally measure voltage and be conveyed to the electric current of battery or by electricity
Electric current and temperature that pond is obtained.Battery status is then tried to achieve by this tittle.But there is also the identification of simpler battery status, its
Worked in the case of no current sensor.This battery status identification described in the A1 of DE 102 58 034.This electricity
Pond state recognition needs only to voltage measurement in addition to temperature survey.Therefore, conveying current impulse, the current impulse to system
Reaction cause voltage pulse, the voltage pulse is again measured in terms of it and analyzes.Information according to so obtaining is tried to achieve
Battery charging state.
The content of the invention
Have according to the starting capability for being used to recognize starter battery of the present invention and for the method for trying to achieve battery status
Have the following advantages：Current measurement is not needed, thus without current sensor, therefore can be realized on battery status, especially
It is the very accurately statement of battery charging state.The advantage for the identification according to the present invention by being used in motor vehicle
The method of the starting capability of the starter battery of the starting/stopping control of internal combustion engine realizes, wherein, by by the starter
The starting device of battery supply feed starts the internal combustion engine, and there is the device for being used for recognizing battery status, and methods described exists
Run in described device, wherein considering the running status of the internal combustion engine, and the running status is divided at least three
The different stages, and for each one distinctive battery status recognition methods of operation in the three phases, wherein
Three different stages are real start-up period, transport condition and shutdown phase.
Battery status recognizer or support to be used to drive for battery status knowledge method for distinguishing that the present invention is based on
The starting/stopping system of the internal combustion engine of vehicle, be in mode, display battery for internal combustion engine successfully reset for be
It is no to charge well enough.
It is following scheme according to the battery status recognizer of the present invention：Low overhead can be met by the scheme to rise
The requirement of dynamic/halt system.Battery status recognizes or is battery electricity for the input quantity needed for the algorithm of battery status identification
Pressure, the voltage on starter terminal and (in favourable expansion scheme) temperature.As the result of battery status recognizer,
Export the information on battery status.Described information is particularly advantageously only in two states --- for good battery status and
Thus " HIGH (height) " of the good or reliable ability of resetting or the kinetic force that recurs with for poor battery status and by
" LOW (low) " of this low or insecure ability of resetting or the kinetic force that recurs.
Two differences are advantageously only had according to the device for being used for battery status identification of the present invention on its output
State --- " HIGH " or " LOW ".In favourable expansion scheme, state " HIGH " or " LOW " can be so stated so that
For following battery status output state " HIGH "：Battery status it is good enough with ensure can under all conditions, it is especially interior
Successfully reset or restarted under the critical condition of combustion engine.Output state " LOW " in following battery status：It is described
Battery status statement battery condition is insufficient to successfully implement to reset or restart under all conditions.
In starting/stopping system, the information that output is recognized by battery status is observed, to allow in the case of desired
Turn off the internal combustion engine (" stopping enabling ") of operation and reset or recur at corresponding start request (" start request ")
Dynamic internal combustion engine.
It is used to implement the device according to the inventive method the invention further relates to a kind of, described device at least includes being used to convey
Input unit, processor or the computer and storage arrangement of signal and the output letter for exporting the explanation battery status
Number output device.
The invention further relates to a kind of device controlled for starting/stopping, wherein, according to the explanation battery of the present invention
The output signal of state is used as being used to prevent to stop desired standard.
Brief description of the drawings
It is shown in the drawings and elaborates in the de-scription the embodiment or relation, signal intensity for understanding that the present invention is required
Curve and flow chart.
Fig. 1 is illustrated in detail in one embodiment, and the survey of the voltage needed for analysis method is depicted in the described embodiment
Amount point.
Figure 2 illustrates the basis for implementing battery status algorithm in the different running status stages.
Cell voltage U during figure 3 illustrates start-up periodBattTypical change curve.
Fig. 4 shows the circuit of starter motor.
Figure 5 illustrates the different battery characteristics in the case of different temperatures and charged state SOC.
Figure 6 illustrates the flow chart of the start-up period according to strategy 1.
Figure 7 illustrates the flow chart of the start-up period according to strategy 2.
Fig. 8 shows the flow chart of running operation.
Fig. 9 shows shutdown phase C flow chart.
Figure 10 illustrates starter motor magnetic valve (Solinoid) or the frame of starter motor relay
Figure.
Figure 11 is shown under different battery status for starting that known temperature is proportional to battery charging state
The change curve of device motor-relay-voltage.
Figure 12 depicts the time changing curve of relay voltage and judgement-threshold voltage in time.
Figure 13 shows the relation between cell voltage and electric load for given charged state and given temperature.
Figure 14 illustrates the battery model data on threshold value.
Figure 15 shows Voltage Drop U during spinningdipRelation between duty factor.
Figure 16 illustrates the cell voltage to be analyzed of the electric load during idle stage.
Embodiment
The input signal of battery status recognizer
Figure 1 illustrates one embodiment, depict in the described embodiment for the voltage needed for analysis method
Measurement point.Here, illustrate in detail the battery 10 with negative terminal 11 and plus end 12 and the starting with terminal T30
Device 13.Cell voltage is with UBattRepresent and the voltage on terminal T30 with UT30Represent.
In battery status recognizer, the following information of voltage of whole system is used：It is used as the positive connection end of battery 10
The cell voltage U of the sub voltage measured between negative connection terminalBatt, and connection terminal voltage UT30--- start
The voltage measured between the terminal T30 of device and the negative terminal 11 of battery 10.For basic scheme, only cell voltage UBattFoot
To implement the algorithm.For the scheme of extension, in addition it is also necessary to which T30 terminal voltages are used as input quantity.Fig. 1 shows battery 10 and starting
The wiring of device 11 and the affiliated measurement point of the input voltage of battery identification algorithm.
Additionally, it is also conceivable to being used for the following information for recognizing battery status in battery status recognizer：Have
Voltage on the starter relay terminal T50 of on/off state, and internal combustion engine rotating speed.The two additional informations are being started
Natively exist in machine control device and can be used for other different controls or regulating system, input signal can also be used as
For battery status identification.
Battery status identification is, for example, analysis logic unit, processor or control device, and the control device is conveyed
Required information, the control device implement needed for analysis or computational methods and exporting represent tried to achieve amount, herein i.e.
The output signal for the battery status tried to achieve.
Battery status recognizer (Battery-State-Detection-Algorithmus (BSD)：Battery status is examined
Method of determining and calculating) process
BSD algorithms work in the three phases that vehicle operation is circulated：
Stage A：Start-up period
Stage B：Running operation
Stage C：Shutdown phase
The algorithm is started with start-up period A.Stage B after a start-up phase --- running operation and shut-off in
It is shutdown phase C after combustion engine.With resetting behind internal combustion engine, the algorithm is also reset.
Fig. 2 shows the three phases of BSD algorithms.Here, depicting voltage U on time t.Terminal 50 can for example be passed through
Signal analysis and processing come recognize whether start.
Start-up period A
During start-up period A is tried to achieve when starter relay is connected on terminal 50 (it may also be referred to as connection terminal 50)
Condition.Start-up period is the stage that internal combustion engine is started by starter motor.When starting up the internal combustion engine, in battery terminal
On there is voltage drop because the electric current drawn by starter motor is very high and causes the voltage drop.
Cell voltage U during figure 3 illustrates start-up periodBattTypical change curve.In order to try to achieve battery status,
Voltage Drop U during split-phase startingdip。UdipIt is the minimum voltage occurred soon after the short circuit of starter.By starting rank
Voltage change curve during section can export two kinds of strategy, can recognize or try to achieve by means of both strategies
Battery status during the dynamic stage.One of two strategies as described below can be selected：
Strategy 1：Information on battery status is tried to achieve and by Voltage Drop U by the resistance of batterydipDetermine battery shape
State.Herein using two input information --- cell voltage UBattWith the voltage U on terminal T30T30。
Strategy 2：Only according to Voltage Drop UdipTry to achieve battery status identification.For this letter is inputted using only one
Number --- cell voltage UBatt.Fig. 4 shows the circuit with the starter motor for understanding the required amount of two strategies.This is line
The line resistance R on road 14c, battery 10 internal resistance RiWith the resistance R of starter motor 13m。
Strategy 1：By UdipCalculate resistance internal resistance Ri
As starter motor is connected on battery before starter motor starts rotation, maximum short circuit current flow
Flow through starter motor and the connection between starter motor and battery.The short circuit current flow is referred to as ISC, its by
Following composition：
Isc=UBatt/(Ri+Rc+Rm)
The short circuit current flow causes cell voltage UBattUnder deeper Voltage Drop.The first moment up after switching goes out
Existing cell voltage is referred to as Dip voltages Udip.Thus, it is possible to according to below equation by Dip voltages UdipCalculate the internal resistance R of batteryi：
Ri=(UBatt1-Udip)/Isc
Here, voltage UBatt1It is to turn on the cell voltage U before starterBatt.According to following relation by voltage UT30Calculate
Short circuit current flow ISC：
Isc=(Udip-UT30dip)/RT30
Here, voltage UT30dipIt is the minimum voltage without Dip measured on the T30 terminals of starter.Resistance RT30It is
The resistance of cable between the positive connection terminal 12 of battery 10 and the connection terminal on starter motor 13 or terminal T30.
Resistance RT30=RCIt is cable resistance and is considered as to the related parameter of application in battery status recognizer.
T30The temperature model of cable
T30The resistance of cable (cable i.e. between battery 10 and starter motor 13) changes according to temperature.Resistance is not
Be under all service conditions of vehicle all have constant value because the temperature of internal combustion engine or environment such as -5 DEG C to+
Fluctuated in 80 DEG C of wide scope.Predicted by means of temperature model vehicle operation during T30 cables temperature.Here, temperature mould
Type uses engine temperature and intake air temperature as reference value.Generally natively existed in device for controlling engine by these
Reference value predicts the temperature of cable.R can be realized based on the cable temperature predicted by means of temperature modelT30The appropriate correction of value.
The internal resistance R allowed of battery 10iaCalculating
The internal resistance R of battery 10iValue and maximum allowable value or maximum allowable limiting value RiaIt is compared.By battery
Maximum allowable internal resistance obtain described value Ria, the speed that starter motor can be accelerated to needed for Successful startup by it
On, wherein, it is possible thereby to so driving internal combustion engine so that with successful starting capability.
Here, selecting the value of the internal resistance allowed of battery in the case where considering the following fact：When battery temperature declines
When the internal resistance of cell raise.Battery temperature follows ambient temperature with time delay herein.Ambient temperature is herein especially
Temperature during vehicle parking.
The internal resistance R allowediaValue be not constant parameter.It changes when battery temperature changes.It means that it is
One dynamic value, it is determined during start-up period in the case where considering battery temperature.Electricity can be tried to achieve by following amount
The internal resistance R allowed in pond 10iaValue：
Tc：Need the minimum temperature of engine starting capability, unit for DEG C,
Rimax：In minimum temperature TcWhen obtain starting capability needed for the internal resistance of cell, unit is milliohm,
Smin：Corresponding to TcWhen battery maximum internal resistance battery charged state or start ability SOC, unit is hundred
Divide ratio,
TBatt：The temperature of battery, unit for DEG C,
Ria：The internal resistance allowed of the battery of startup ability SOC during corresponding to current battery temperature.
The minimum state of charge S of charged state SOC during corresponding to different temperaturesminThe value of the internal resistance of cell of (percentage)
Algorithm is conveyed to as input quantity.Battery temperature T is calculated by means of temperature modelBatt.Battery temperature model is using entering temperature
Degree and engine temperature are used as the reference value for calculating battery temperature.These values are provided by the control device of internal combustion engine if necessary.
The internal resistance R that maximum illustrated below is allowedimaxWith the internal resistance R allowediaLimiting value selection.For this from
Values below is set out：The minimum temperature for certainly existing the starting capability of internal combustion engine is -5 DEG C.The internal resistance of cell needed for starting capability
RimaxIt is 5.0 milliohms.It can be learnt by battery characteristics or indicatrix：The SOC of 5.0 milliohms when battery corresponds to -5 DEG C
It is 60%.That is, battery must be at 60% for the starting capability allowed under conditions of predetermined.
Figure 5 illustrates different battery characteristics when different temperatures and charged state SOC.Here, in charged state SOC
On depict the internal resistance of cell.In upper area, charged state is bad.
From fig. 5, it is seen that for example obtaining 4.2 in the battery temperature corresponding to 50 DEG C of desired maximum temperature
The internal resistance R allowed of milliohmiaValue.If the value of internal resistance is than the internal resistance R that is allowediaValue it is lower, i.e. more preferably, then it is electric
Pond state is referred to as " HIGH "." HIGH " state for recognizing display by battery status means：Battery charge level is for following
Successfully to reset or restart be enough.This means：As long as meeting the every other condition of shut-off internal combustion engine,
Then starting/stopping system can turn off internal combustion engine.
If internal resistance Ri value is higher than allowed internal resistance RiaValue, then battery status be shown as " LOW ".By battery status
" LOW " state of identification display means：Battery charge level for it is ensuing successfully reset or restart and
Speech is not high enough.If battery status is shown as during start-up period " LOW ", battery status will continue to remain " LOW ", at least
On minimum charging interval Tmc period.
This means：If the time is not over, do not allow by starting/stopping system carry out internal combustion engine after
Continuous shut-off.If the engine speed during the traveling operation phase is more than idler revolutions, time T is started to charge upcCalculating.
Generally, the meaning of " LOW " state in starting/stopping system is defined as below：If battery status identification output can
To be inferred to the signal of " LOW " state, then internal combustion engine is not turned off, although meeting the every other condition of shut-off internal combustion engine.By
This is avoided when restarting again may be due to the charged state of battery is too low and occurs failure.Similarly, during stopping,
If battery status identification dispaly state " LOW ", engine starting is promoted by starting/stopping system.In parking, internal combustion engine
It is normally off, and battery provides electric energy to different electrical appliances.By reset avoid for it is ensuing again
Start the failure that may occur due to the further electric discharge of battery.
If signal " HIGH " is conveyed to starting/stopping system, there is high battery charging state, if other conditions
It is required that shut-off, then allow to turn off internal combustion engine.Reset here, can be reliably achieved because battery status condition for into
It is enough for the resetting of work(.Similarly, as long as battery charging state is " HIGH ", then allow during shutdown phase
Turn off internal combustion engine.
Figure 6 illustrates the flow chart of the start-up period according to strategy 1.
Each step is represented：
Step S1：Measure UdipAnd UBatt1, wherein UBatt1It is the voltage measured before being initiated on battery.
Step S2：Calculate internal resistance of cell Ri。
Step S3：Check RiWhether the resistance R allowed is less thania.If it is described compare draw internal resistance be less than allowed it is interior
Resistance, then set state " LOW " in the duration of definition in step s 4.If step S3 show that internal resistance is less than what is allowed
Internal resistance, then set state " HIGH " for step S5.
Strategy 2：From Voltage Drop UdipBattery status information
In the process, for Voltage Drop UdipIt is assumed that the limiting voltage U alloweddipl.Work as UdipMore than voltage
UdiplWhen, battery status is set onto state " LOW " on the minimum charging interval.Work as UdipMore than UdiplWhen, by battery status
Set on " HIGH ".UdiplLimiting value correspond to when during the start-up period of internal combustion engine with SOCSmin minimum electricity
The U obtained during the state of ponddipValue.
Figure 7 illustrates the flow chart of the start-up period according to strategy 2.Here, measuring voltage U in step s 6dipWith
And voltage UT30dip.U is checked in the step s 7dipWhether threshold value U is more thandipl., if it is not, then in step s 8 in definition
Time cycle on set state " LOW ".If step S7 draws UdipMore than threshold value Udipl, then state is set in step s 9
“HIGH”。
Stage B, running operation
The condition of running operation is that the rotating speed of internal combustion engine is more than or equal to idler revolutions, wherein, idler revolutions are to apply
Value.In internal combustion engine operation, continuously updated charging interval Tnc value.Charging limit electricity is more than by integral battery voltage
Weighted period of time T c during pressure calculates charging interval Tnc.Period Tdc is equally applicable to, in phase period
Between cell voltage be less than limiting voltage.Then also it is integrated.Apply to the following relationship：
Tnc=int (ne x Tc)-int (Tdc)
Factor ne is introduced as efficiency factor.It is described because losing a certain amount of energy in the form of heat during charging
Need the factor.The efficiency factor describes the effect.Factor can depend on battery types, battery charging state and/
Or battery temperature.If battery status identification shows battery status " LOW " during start-up period, if charging interval section Tnc
Value be more than can predetermined, the applicable period, then by battery status set arrive state " HIGH " in.If the charging interval
Section Tnc value is less than the predetermined period, then sets state on " LOW ".
Stage B (running operation) possible applicable value：
13.5V is such as lower threshold voltages：It is all right under all conditions between the traveling runtime more than the threshold voltage
Battery is charged.
13.0V is such as lower threshold voltages：Battery is not charged between the traveling runtime below the threshold voltage.
It is following region between 12.5V and 13.5V：Can not reliably illustrate in the zone battery be electrically charged or by
Electric discharge.
Illustrated magnitude of voltage can be different for different applications, are especially depending upon the electric system of vehicle.
Fig. 8 shows the flow chart of running operation (stage B).Here, measuring cell voltage U in step sloBatt.In step
In rapid S11, charging interval Tc is calculated.Check charging interval Tc whether on a value that can be predetermined in step s 12.Such as
Fruit situation is not so, then to set state " LOW " in step s 13.If charging interval Tc is more than value that can be predetermined,
State " HIGH " is set in step S14.
Stage B simplification (running operation)
In improved implementation, the charge and discharge stage can be provided with weighting factor, thus ask the integration of charge volume without
It is the integration for asking the charging interval.Charging voltage is higher, then charging current is also higher in the limit considered.Vice versa：Electricity
Drops must be lower, then discharge current is also higher.It can be tried to achieve and be expert at as weighting factor by using current voltage height
The preferable prediction of the charging balance of battery during sailing the stage.
For example：Q=int (a* (U_B-13.5V) * Tc-int (b* (12.5V-U_B) * Tdc),
Wherein, the charge volume of Q=integrations
Cell voltage current U_B=
The weighting factor (related to onboard power system, battery types, temperature, charged state etc.) of a=charging stages
The weighting factor (correlation same as above) in b=ENTLADE (electric discharge) stages
The duration of Tc=chargings
The duration of Tdc=electric discharges
Shutdown phase C
The condition of shutdown phase is that the rotating speed of internal combustion engine is equal to 0.Shutdown phase was related to such as the next stage：During the stage
Internal combustion engine is turned off, such as corresponding cut-off signals due to starting/stopping system.It can not provided by petrol-electric generating set
Electric energy, and the energy provided by battery is only conveyed to required electrical appliance during the time.Because battery is to electricity consumption
Device delivered charge, so voltage is reduced during shutdown phase.When cell voltage reaches a specific limiting value UI, by electricity
Pond state is set on " LOW ".
If battery status identification shows " LOW " state in shutdown phase, starting/stopping system initiates vehicle launch
It is required that.On the contrary, if battery shape is maintained on " HIGH ", vehicle is maintained in shutdown phase.
If shutdown phase is greater than five minutes, battery status identification setting state " LOW ", even if cell voltage is high
In limiting value UI.Be not in the aobvious of cell voltage if discharge current is less than one such as 5 amperes of value that can be predetermined
Reduction is write, even if electric discharge carries out the longer time.Under these conditions, battery loses its electric charge, and battery terminal connections voltage or
Person's battery terminal voltage UBattDo not significantly change.In order to consider these conditions, predetermined five minutes during shutdown phase
Time restriction.As time restriction other can also be selected suitably to be worth.
Limiting voltage UI is defined, it is formed in the case where considering following amount：
Tc (unit for DEG C)：It is required that the minimum temperature of the starting capability of internal combustion engine,
Rimax (unit is mOhm)：The internal resistance of cell needed for starting capability is realized,
Smin (unit is %)：Battery under minimum temperature Tc (cold start conditions) in its largest battery internal resistance Rimax
Charged state,
TBatt：Battery temperature.
Y (unit is ampere)：Current strength for loading lotus or electric discharge.Average electric load during vehicle parking.
UI：Limiting voltage is defined as the charging shape in its largest battery internal resistance Rimax in battery in minimum temperature Tc
Cell voltage during state Smin (unit is %) under conditions of battery is charged with Y amperes.
Here, limiting voltage UI value is relevant with the temperature of battery.
Fig. 9 shows the flow chart of the operation in shutdown phase C.
It illustrate in detail in fig .9 and cell voltage U measured in step S15Batt.In step s 16 by cell voltage
It is compared with limiting voltage UI.If it is described compare draw：Cell voltage UBattNo more than limiting voltage, then in step S17
Middle setting state " LOW ".If relatively drawing in step s 16：Cell voltage UBattMore than voltage UI, then in step S18
Middle setting state " HIGH ".
Supplement the and other measure recognized for battery status：
Flow through starter magnetic coil electric current as battery status instruction
In another battery status recognizer, battery shape is tried to achieve when the electric load of a definition is connected on battery
State.Cell voltage falls relevantly with battery status and resistance.Here, battery terminal voltage UdipIt is proportional to battery status, this
It is respectively suitable for the load of definition.Can be to connect in the hope of battery charging state SOC, its mode accordingly, for known temperature
Measurement cell voltage falls during the electric load of logical definition.In this embodiment, the electric load of definition is starter motor.Also may be used
To analyze the connection for other electrical appliances for causing significant Voltage Drop, such as vehicle window heater, heater plug, fuel heating
Device, ventilator, car light etc..
The method of operation of starter motor
Starter motor is turned on and off by means of starter relay.Here, starter relay is included specifically
Magnetic coil.Magnetic coil generally has two windings --- and connect winding EW and keep winding HW.When starter motor starts fortune
During row, the winding of closing coil on the short time, to close starter motor contact.When starter motor is started,
Only to the holding winding service voltage of magnetic coil.
The block diagram of the starter motor with starter relay is schematically shown in Fig. 10.Here, starting
Device motor represents that battery is represented with 10 with 13.18 represent ignition switch, and 15 represent to have attraction winding 16 and keep winding
17 starter relay.
Figure 11 shows the Voltage Drop U of the voltage on starter motor for the different charged states of batterydipChange
Curve.Here, respectively for the temperature of determination, the curve of topmost represents full battery and the curve of foot represents 65%
Battery charging state.As can see from Figure 11, battery status can be tried to achieve for known battery temperature, its mode
It is that the magnetic coil of starter relay is considered as to the electric load of definition, and the voltage analyzed when connecting the electric load falls
Fall.
The feature of the scheme
Successfully resetting or restarting for internal combustion engine, charges for the battery that given temperature defines minimum
State.The voltage being applied in starter relay is voltage Udipl.Surveyed in control relay but before closure main contacts
Measure the Dip voltages occurred.Measure the Dip voltages U occurred hereindip.By measured voltage and threshold value UdiplIt is compared.Root
It can be configured to " HIGH " still " LOW " according to comparative result identification battery status." High " further mean that battery status for
It is ensuing successfully to reset or be good for restarting.Equally, the resetting for success when battery status
For it is not good enough when set battery status " LOW ".
In fig. 12, the part corresponding to the change curve according to Figure 11 is shown for the different charged states of battery
The voltage landing U of cell voltage on starter motordipTime changing curve.Voltage Drop UdipIt is minimum value respectively.
If voltage is less than threshold value Udipl, then battery status " LOW " is set.Starter relay is considered as to the electric load of definition.
Shutdown phase C charged state prediction
In the shutdown phase of vehicle, voltage drop in battery-end or battery terminal 12 is for known temperature and known
Battery charging state SOC it is proportional to electric load electric current IL.Figure 13 shows for given charged state SOC and given temperature
Go out cell voltage UBattWith the relation between electric load or load current IL.
In order to judge current battery status during shutdown phase, it is necessary to define threshold voltage.It is presented in Fig. 14
Battery model data on threshold voltage.Charged state SOC is suitable to 11.9 volts of UBattl battery voltage threshold.Such as exist
As being shown in the table, discharge current is lower, then charge limits value can be set to lower.Discharge current is got over
Height, then charge limits value must be set to higher.For the selection of charge limits value, 18% wide tolerance is obtained
Band.
For the charged state SOC that reduces battery 10 wide tolerance range, voltage limit is proportionally set with load current
UBattl.But because load current is unknown, electric load electric current is adaptively predicted according to following scheme.
It is the analysis of " DFM signals ", the i.e. dutycycle of exciting current to this first method：
If providing feature " the DFM signal outputs of generator " in vehicle or in the control device of vehicle, account for
Empty factor is proportional to load current and can be analyzed as follows.It can be examined in the case of idle speed or idler revolutions
Survey " DFM signals " or detect " DFM signals " in the case of the speed or rotating speed of other definition before shut-off internal combustion engine.
Thus, it is possible to determine Voltage Drop U according to the duty factor of the electric load connected in idle runningdiplLimiting value.Thus, fill
The tolerance range of electricity condition is reduced in a smaller value.
Shown during spinning for 65% in the dutycycle of electric load factor DF or exciting current in fig .15
Charged state SOC cell voltage landing UBattdip。
It is the analysis of voltage level to this second method：
The scheme can be used for scenario described below：" DFM signals " is unavailable.Here, for example can idler revolutions feelings
The voltage level on battery is monitored under condition.When the electric load electric current in idle running is more than output generator current, there is voltage and fall
Fall.The Voltage Drop is proportional to the electric load more than dynamo current.Thus, in idler revolutions shut-off internal combustion engine it
Before realize cell voltage UBattMonitoring, estimate corresponding load and the limit U belonging to selectingBattdipl.Methods described is same
Reduce the tolerance range of estimated battery state.When electric load is less than the electric current that can be provided by generator, it is not possible to using described
Method, affiliated region is referred to as " blind area ", because voltage keeps constant and is maintained on charge level.
The battery for 65% is shown on the load current (unit is ampere) measured as electric load in figure 16
Cell voltage U to be analyzed during idle stage charged state SOCBattChange curve.So-called " blind area " is located at dotted line
Left side, for " blind area " can not realize battery status recognize, on the right side of it --- i.e. in the situation of higher load
Under can be analyzed.
Claims (17)
1. the side of the starting capability of the starter battery of the starting/stopping control for recognizing the internal combustion engine being used in motor vehicle
Method, wherein, the internal combustion engine is started by the starting device fed by the starter battery, and exist for recognizing electricity
The device of pond state, methods described is run in said device, wherein, it is considered to the running status of the internal combustion engine, and by institute
State running status and be divided into at least three different stages (A, B, C), and in described three different stages (A, B, C)
Each operation one distinctive battery status recognition methods,
Characterized in that,
Described three different stage (A；B；C) it is real start-up period (A), transport condition (B) and shutdown phase (C).
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the battery status recognition methods is run as algorithm.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the battery status recognition methods or output state
" HIGH " or output state " LOW " as the information on the battery status, wherein, the state " HIGH " means can
That leans on resets ability or recurrence kinetic force, and the state " LOW " means insecure ability of resetting or recurrence
Kinetic force.
4. method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that for real for described three different stages (A, B, C)
Each in the battery status recognition methods applied, sets a shape for representing the state " HIGH " or the state " LOW "
State.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that voltage analysis is carried out in start-up period (A) so that connecing
Analysis Voltage Drop (U when leading to starter (13)dip) depth.
6. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that by the internal resistance (R for trying to achieve the battery (10)i) come carry out
The battery status identification, except the Voltage Drop (Udip) depth beyond further contemplate cell voltage (UBatt) and starter end
Son (T30) on voltage (UT30)。
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that additionally consider temperature.
8. the method according to any one of above claim 1 or 5 or 6 or 7, it is characterised in that in transport condition (B)
Implement the integration with time correlation, normal incidence considers conveyed electric charge in the integration and negative ground considers acquired electric charge.
9. method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that define charging interval section, if charging interval section is big
In a period that can be predetermined, then output state is set on " HIGH ", otherwise output state is set and arrives " LOW "
On.
10. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that on a duration that can be predetermined is limited at
Shutdown phase (C) in carry out voltage analysis so that the voltage produced by load current is tried to achieve in the shutdown phase (C)
Drop.
11. the method according to any one of claim 5 or 6 or 7, it is characterised in that be limited at one can in advance to
Voltage analysis is carried out in shutdown phase (C) on the fixed duration so that tried to achieve in the shutdown phase (C) by load
The voltage drop that electric current is produced.
12. method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that on a duration that can be predetermined is limited at
Shutdown phase (C) in carry out voltage analysis so that the voltage produced by load current is tried to achieve in the shutdown phase (C)
Drop.
13. method according to claim 10, it is characterised in that considering in the shutdown phase (C) by battery mould
In the case of the threshold voltage that type is tried to achieve and in consideration charged state (SOC), temperature (T) and expected charging current or electric discharge electricity
In the case of stream, the judgement of present battery status is carried out.
14. method according to claim 11, it is characterised in that considering in the shutdown phase (C) by battery mould
In the case of the threshold voltage that type is tried to achieve and in consideration charged state (SOC), temperature (T) and expected charging current or electric discharge electricity
In the case of stream, the judgement of present battery status is carried out.
15. method according to claim 12, it is characterised in that considering in the shutdown phase (C) by battery mould
In the case of the threshold voltage that type is tried to achieve and in consideration charged state (SOC), temperature (T) and expected charging current or electric discharge electricity
In the case of stream, the judgement of present battery status is carried out.
16. the device for implementing the method according to any one of the preceding claims, it is characterised in that described device is extremely
Include input unit, processor or computer and storage arrangement for conveying signal less and for exporting the explanation electricity
The output device of the output signal of pond state.
17. the device controlled for starting/stopping, it is characterised in that the explanation battery status according to claim 16
Output signal is used as being used to prevent to stop desired standard.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010000679.3 | 2010-01-05 | ||
| DE102010000679A DE102010000679A1 (en) | 2010-01-05 | 2010-01-05 | Method for detecting startability |
| PCT/EP2011/050042 WO2011083108A1 (en) | 2010-01-05 | 2011-01-04 | Method for recognising starting ability |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102687034A CN102687034A (en) | 2012-09-19 |
| CN102687034B true CN102687034B (en) | 2017-09-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201180005422.2A Expired - Fee Related CN102687034B (en) | 2010-01-05 | 2011-01-04 | Method for recognizing starting capability |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2521923A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102687034B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102010000679A1 (en) |
| WO (2) | WO2011083062A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4962808B2 (en) | 2009-02-24 | 2012-06-27 | 株式会社デンソー | Engine automatic control device and storage battery charge control device |
| DE102011080427A1 (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2013-02-07 | S-Y Systems Technologies Europe Gmbh | Electric supply system for a vehicle |
| JP5983197B2 (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | マツダ株式会社 | VEHICLE POWER SUPPLY DEVICE AND ITS CONTROL METHOD |
| DE102012218737B4 (en) * | 2012-10-15 | 2022-03-31 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method for automatically switching off and starting an internal combustion engine |
| DE102013221502A1 (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2015-04-23 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Generation of test pulses |
| US10215148B2 (en) | 2016-08-29 | 2019-02-26 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | No-start diagnostics for powertrain with enabled starter |
| EP3337027A1 (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2018-06-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for operating an electric motor with the support of a computer |
| US10921381B2 (en) | 2017-07-28 | 2021-02-16 | Northstar Battery Company, Llc | Systems and methods for monitoring and presenting battery information |
| EP3470859A1 (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2019-04-17 | Aptiv Technologies Limited | Apparatus and method for predicting a battery state-of-function |
| DE102018218579A1 (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2020-04-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for detecting a defect in a battery in a low-voltage electrical system of an electric vehicle |
| DE102019202475A1 (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2020-08-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and arrangement for supporting a starting process of an internal combustion engine |
| DE102019130431A1 (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2021-05-12 | Seg Automotive Germany Gmbh | Method for determining a state of charge of a vehicle battery of a vehicle |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4937528A (en) * | 1988-10-14 | 1990-06-26 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Method for monitoring automotive battery status |
| DE10258034A1 (en) | 2002-12-12 | 2004-06-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Battery state detection |
| JP4258348B2 (en) * | 2003-10-23 | 2009-04-30 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Battery deterioration diagnosis device and on-vehicle power supply control device |
| JP4641838B2 (en) * | 2005-03-18 | 2011-03-02 | ダイハツ工業株式会社 | Idle operation stop control method for internal combustion engine |
| CN101276949B (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2011-04-06 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Method for detecting battery performance of hybrid power vehicle |
| JP4499810B2 (en) * | 2008-05-28 | 2010-07-07 | 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 | In-vehicle battery state estimation device |
-
2010
- 2010-01-05 DE DE102010000679A patent/DE102010000679A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-12-28 WO PCT/EP2010/070768 patent/WO2011083062A1/en active Application Filing
-
2011
- 2011-01-04 EP EP11700230A patent/EP2521923A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-01-04 CN CN201180005422.2A patent/CN102687034B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-01-04 WO PCT/EP2011/050042 patent/WO2011083108A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2521923A1 (en) | 2012-11-14 |
| DE102010000679A1 (en) | 2011-07-07 |
| CN102687034A (en) | 2012-09-19 |
| WO2011083062A1 (en) | 2011-07-14 |
| WO2011083108A1 (en) | 2011-07-14 |
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