CN102684737A - Method for realizing multi-user spread spectrum broadcasting station based on parallel interference cancellation algorithm - Google Patents

Method for realizing multi-user spread spectrum broadcasting station based on parallel interference cancellation algorithm Download PDF

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CN102684737A
CN102684737A CN2011100565268A CN201110056526A CN102684737A CN 102684737 A CN102684737 A CN 102684737A CN 2011100565268 A CN2011100565268 A CN 2011100565268A CN 201110056526 A CN201110056526 A CN 201110056526A CN 102684737 A CN102684737 A CN 102684737A
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spread spectrum
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interference cancellation
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CN102684737B (en
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何苏勤
苏军龙
乐磊
王昊
王小庆
白天石
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Beijing University of Chemical Technology
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for realizing a multi-user spread spectrum broadcasting station based on parallel interference cancellation algorithm, which can realize data transmission between a plurality of users and a receiver at the same time under the same frequency. The parallel interference cancellation algorithm is realized on a receiver; and before the algorithm is realized, a code synchronization module of the receiver outputs a spreading code of the current phase position, and a despreading module outputs a primary despreading signal. The parallel interference cancellation algorithm comprises the following steps: firstly, a spreading code is utilized to despread the primary despreading signal for the second time and the cross correlation coefficients of different user spreading codes are worked out at the same time; secondly, all secondary spread spectrum signals that interfere with users are multiplied and added with the corresponding cross correlation coefficients respectively to obtain interference signals; thirdly, the interference signals are subtracted from baseband digital signals to obtain baseband signals without interference; and finally, code synchronization, despreading and carrier synchronization demodulation are performed to the baseband signals without interference so as to obtain the current user data. According to the invention, the processes are carried out concurrently, so that radio station communication and data transmission between a plurality of users and the receiver can be realized in the same frequency band at the same time.

Description

Multi-user's spread spectrum receivers implementation method based on the Parallel Interference Cancellation algorithm
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of multi-user's spread spectrum receivers implementation method based on the Parallel Interference Cancellation algorithm, belongs to wireless communication technology field, relates to radio spread spectrum communication technology, multiuser detection, same heterogeneous Research on Carrier Synchronization frequently.
Background technology
Spread spectrum is handled through video stretching can effectively improve the anti-interference and security performance of communication system, thereby obtains fast development, is widely used in military fields such as military communication, electronic countermeasures, has also obtained in the commercial communication field simultaneously paying attention to and using.
Point-to-point communication pattern is mainly adopted in existing wireless frequency expansion radio station, when realizing multi-point communication, adopts the modes of polls more, does not realize with frequency multi-point simultaneously.So just reduce the communication efficiency of spread spectrum receivers, increased system's time delay.Therefore demand developing a kind of implementation method of new multi-user's spread spectrum receivers urgently, realize communicating in synchronization, same frequency range between a plurality of users and receiver.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, realize the wireless data transmission of a plurality of users under synchronization, same frequency range through adopting the DSSS communication mode, wherein transmitter adopts the DSSS mode that user data is carried out spread spectrum; Receiver receives when adopting the Parallel Interference Cancellation method to remove multiple access interference realization multi-user, and adopts with the heterogeneous carrier track method of frequency the carrier wave that a plurality of phase places superpose is carried out the carrier synchronization demodulation.
The present invention adopts following technological means to realize:
A kind of multi-user's spread spectrum receivers implementation method based on the Parallel Interference Cancellation algorithm is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1.1. carrying out convolutional encoding with user data, handles by each transmitter; Data after will encoding with the spreading code that distributes are then carried out digital spread spectrum and BPSK (Binary Phase Shift Keying; Two-phase PSK) modulation is again through going out through antenna transmission after up-conversion and the Filtering Processing;
After 1.2. receiver receives each subscriber signal that transmitter sends; It is carried out down-converted; Obtain analog if signal; This analog if signal is carried out the controllable gain processing and amplifying, deliver to the analog-to-digital conversion sampling A again and sample and obtain digital medium-frequency signal, this digital medium-frequency signal is carried out Digital Down Convert handle and obtain baseband digital signal;
1.3. baseband digital signal is admitted to a yard synchronization module; Realize that through catching spreading code is synchronous with tracking operation; With a certain road user wherein is the active user, and then all the other a few road users are interference user, utilizes the Parallel Interference Cancellation algorithm to extract interference signal; And from baseband digital signal, remove a plurality of interference users the multiple access that active user's signal causes is disturbed, obtain removing the active user's signal after the interference;
1.4. active user's signal of removing after disturbing is being delivered to the carrier synchronization module through after the synchronous despreading; Utilize with frequently heterogeneous carrier track method here and realize carrier phase accurate tracking demodulation the active user; Handle the data that obtain behind active user's coding through bit synchronization judgement and differential decoding then, again the user data after encoding is carried out Viterbi decoding and obtain the active user and receive data;
1.5. with the operation of above-mentioned receiving course multidiameter delay, each road with active user's spreading code carry out despreading, go to disturb, processing such as carrier synchronization, in synchronization, same frequency a plurality of user data are received and handle.
2, according to claim 1 said multi-user's spread spectrum receivers implementation method based on the Parallel Interference Cancellation algorithm; It is characterized in that: the signal amplitude that receives through automatic gain control adjustment before the sampling in said 1.2; Utilize digital controlled oscillator to produce sinusoidal signal after the sampling back signal of sampling is carried out the Digital Down Convert processing, realize filtering and extraction process through integral comb filter and finite impulse response correction wave filter then.
3, according to claim 1 said multi-user's spread spectrum receivers implementation method based on the Parallel Interference Cancellation algorithm, it is characterized in that: the sign indicating number in said 1.3 may further comprise the steps synchronously:
3.1 catch: at first carry out relevant treatment through sliding correlation method; Through sending into comparator behind filtering, square detection, the integration; When integral result during less than decision threshold, feedback control signal of comparison module input goes to adjust the phase place of local pseudo random sequence code, gets into the relevant treatment of a new round again; Output result up to integrator is an acquisition success greater than threshold value, and output identification simultaneously gets into tracking module;
3.2 it is synchronously thin that tracking module adopts incoherent delay lock loop to realize: lock-on signal is divided into two-way and multiplies each other with the local reference signal of half code-element period of lead and lag respectively; Carry out square operation through the square operation circuit; Carry out filtering through low pass filter again; Treated two paths of signals is given phase discriminator and is subtracted each other; Adjust the phase place of local spreading code according to the result of phase discriminator output, finally make the pseudo random sequence code phase error of transmitting terminal and receiving terminal narrow down to less than positive and negative 1/16 code-element period;
3.3 will detecting in real time, tracking circuit judges whether pseudo random sequence code is lost synchronously, in case detect synchronization loss then change the synchronizing process that acquisition phase in 3.1 carries out a new round immediately over to.
4, according to claim 1 said multi-user's spread spectrum receivers implementation method, it is characterized in that the algorithm of Parallel Interference Cancellation described in 1.3 may further comprise the steps based on the Parallel Interference Cancellation algorithm:
4.1 utilize tracking module to obtain the phase place of current all user's frequency expansion sequences and calculate cross-correlation coefficient, the signal that will follow the tracks of simultaneously after the despreading carries out spread spectrum once more, multiply by cross-correlation coefficient then and obtains interference signal;
4.2 baseband digital signal deducts the active user's signal after interference signal obtains removing interference.
5, according to claim 1 said multi-user's spread spectrum receivers implementation method, it is characterized in that the heterogeneous carrier track method of same frequency in 1.4 may further comprise the steps based on the Parallel Interference Cancellation algorithm:
5.1 the local carrier and despreading output signal multiplication that adopt preceding 4 groups of phase places to postpone successively simultaneously obtain integral result through wave filter and integrator then, what the selection integral result was the highest a road is that final local carrier synchronous demodulation result exports;
5.2 process real-time is carried out in above-mentioned 5.1, the integral result change in case the primary carrier phase place changes, and then judgement again, selecting integral result the highest is that a road of phase matched the best is as a result of exported.
The present invention is a kind of multi-user's spread spectrum receivers implementation method based on the Parallel Interference Cancellation algorithm, compared with prior art, has following remarkable advantages and beneficial effect:
Adopt the Parallel Interference Cancellation method to realize the inhibition of disturbing for the mutual multiple access of a plurality of users in the receiver.Interference certainly through removing system can make a plurality of users under synchronization, same frequency range, carry out transfer of data, has improved system user capacity and band efficiency.The multi-user is transmitted simultaneously and can be reduced the system delay that traditional polling mode is brought, and each user data transmission time no longer receives other user's restriction.
In the use of carrier synchronization module innovation with heterogeneous carrier track method frequently.The carrier phase that the carrier phase that this method is sent to a plurality of users of system superposes and each user passes through wireless channel arrival receiver is with the channel characteristic variations; Tradition phase demodulation module can't realize the accurate problem of following the tracks of of active user's carrier phase; The accurate tracking of covert position when the carrier wave that postpones successively through local reconstruct multichannel phase place is realized the active user, the system that guaranteed carries out synchronous demodulation accurately.Compare with traditional carrier wave tracing method, so owing to do not add the emission effciency that pilot signal has improved system; Do not adopt the phase demodulation module thereby reduced system carrier synchronous settling time.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 (a) is a transmitter system block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 1 (b) is a receiver system block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the automatic gain control flow chart;
Fig. 3 is a slip correlation capturing method schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is incoherent delay lock loop tracing schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 realizes schematic diagram for the Parallel Interference Cancellation method;
Fig. 6 is with the heterogeneous carrier track method schematic diagram of frequency.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description embodiments of the invention are done further explanation:
The present invention mainly is divided into transmitter and receiver two parts, and transmitter is mainly accomplished the coding spread spectrum and modulation sending function to user data, and the transmitter system block diagram is shown in Fig. 1 (a).Receiver then will be accomplished a plurality of the transmitting in the same frequency range of same time carried out accurately reception of while; After analog; Numerical portion need carry out the corresponding synchronous despreading to the multichannel superposed signal that receives, disturb processing such as removal and synchronous demodulation, to realize separation and the decoding to multiple signals.The receiver system block diagram is shown in Fig. 1 (b).
The software realization mode of system can be carried out flexible configuration according to working state of system, and need not change Hardware configuration.When number of users more after a little while, the inside multiple access of considering system disturbs less, is guaranteeing under the condition that the data transmission error rate meets the demands, and can adopt short pseudo random sequence code and single-stage to disturb the removal method with raising system bandwidth and data transmission bauds.When number of users more for a long time, for guaranteeing the system transmissions accuracy rate, can select complicated pseudo random sequence code and multistage interference removal method.
Receiver carries out analog down earlier with the radio frequency analog signal that receives and obtains analog if signal, then this analog if signal is carried out controllable gain and amplifies, and signal amplitude is amplified in the amplitude range of analog-to-digital conversion module requirement, and is as shown in Figure 2.At first carrying out signal amplitude differentiates; Calculate the absolute value sum of N point signal; The last Lower Threshold of result and setting is subtracted each other, the difference signal that obtains is sent into loop filter carry out the loop filtering processing, thereby obtain the control word of controllable amplifier; Controllable amplifier is revised multiplication factor according to this control word, realizes the automatic gain control to intermediate-freuqncy signal.
Deliver to analog-to-digital conversion module again through the analog intermediate frequency signal after the gain controlling and obtain digital medium-frequency signal, obtain baseband digital signal through after the Digital Down Convert then.Baseband digital signal is at first delivered to a yard synchronization module, realizes thick synchronizing process through slip correlation capturing method as shown in Figure 3.Baseband digital signal is divided into two-way, the one tunnel as a reference signal directly through band pass filter, the pseudo random sequence code of the local current phase place of another Lu Xianyu despreading of multiplying each other, and then pass through band pass filter.Two paths of signals is all through carrying out integration operation according to the default integration lengths after square detection computing after the filtering.The integral result of two paths of signals is compared; If comparing with the reference arm signal, the integral result of despreading road signal reaches the certain predetermined value; Think that then the pseudo random sequence code of local current phase place realized catching to received signal, the timing error of the baseband digital signal pseudo random sequence code phase of this moment local pseudo random sequence code and reception is in half code-element period.If do not reach preset value, then think catching that local pseudo random sequence code do not achieve a butt joint and collect mail number, need readjust the phase place of local spreading code this moment, carries out once more aforementionedly catching operation till realization is caught.
Reception signal after catching is delivered to incoherent delay lock loop tracking module as shown in Figure 4 and is realized synchronously thin to the spread spectrum receiving system.Promptly realize the accurate alignment of local pseudo random sequence code of receiver and transmitter pseudo random sequence code phase, follow the tracks of the change of transmitting terminal pseudo random sequence code phase simultaneously.Input signal at first is divided into two-way and multiplies each other with the pseudo random sequence code of leading half code-element period, the pseudo random sequence code of half code-element period that lags behind respectively; Do and subtract each other comparison through sending into comparator behind band pass filter, square detection, the integration respectively then, adjust the phase place of local pseudo random sequence code according to comparative result.Because system adopts 8 sampling rates, the result of tracking can make receiving terminal pseudo random sequence code and transmitting terminal pseudo random sequence code phase difference apart from narrowing down in positive and negative 1/16 code-element period.Multiply each other with this pseudo random sequence code and input signal and can realize synchronous despreading.
Shown in Figure 5 for the Parallel Interference Cancellation method realizes schematic diagram, be the implementation that example details algorithm with one road subscriber signal A below.When the baseband digital signal r (n) that receives carries out preliminary despreading after catching and follow the tracks of with local party A-subscriber's spreading code (being called for short PNA), obtain the PNA of current phase place simultaneously from tracking module.Same other several signals carry out similar processing and obtain the spreading code (being called for short PNB) of the current phase place of party B-subscriber and the spreading code (being called for short PNC) of the current phase place of C user respectively.The sequence cross-correlation coefficient formulas:
Figure 2011100565268100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(1)
Wherein, A is the identical number in the corresponding position of two sequences; D is the different number in the corresponding position of two sequences.The correlation matrix that utilizes formula (1) can calculate each frequency expansion sequence of current phase place is:
Figure 2011100565268100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
(2)
Utilize formula (2) can calculate the cross-correlation coefficient
Figure 2011100565268100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
between PNA and the PNB; Cross-correlation coefficient between PNB and the PNC
Figure 2011100565268100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
, the cross-correlation coefficient between PNA and the PNC
Figure 2011100565268100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
.Secondary spread-spectrum signal B1 and
Figure 432781DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
are multiplied each other, obtain the interference of party B-subscriber the party A-subscriber; Secondary spread-spectrum signal C1 and multiply each other, and obtain the interference of C user to the party A-subscriber.Above-mentioned two interference signal additions can be obtained current B and C user to be disturbed the multiple access that the party A-subscriber forms:
Figure 2011100565268100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
(3)
To receive signal r (n) and deduct the signal A2 after this multiple access interference obtains disturbing, and A2 delivered to follow-up trapping module carry out subsequent treatment such as synchronous despreading, demodulation filtering once more, so just realize multi-use family Interference Cancellation operation user A.System carries out similar party A-subscriber's operation realization parallel processing to B and C user simultaneously, and receiving system can adopt multistage Interference Cancellation operation when the more interference of number of users is comparatively strong, to reduce the error code that internal system causes from interference.
Shown in Figure 6 is with the heterogeneous carrier track method schematic diagram of frequency, utilizes this part to realize the carrier signal of multichannel user phase place stack is carried out synchronous demodulation.What native system adopted is 8 sampling rates; Be that each carrier cycle has 8 phase places; Back 4 phasic differences mutually of 4 phase places and fronts
Figure 2011100565268100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
phase place; Because system has adopted differential coding can remove down the influence of
Figure 51030DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
phase place, so locally only adopt preceding half period 4 phase places to carry out carrier phase tracking.4 tunnel local carrier signal a, b, c, d that local generation initial phase successively decreases successively; Multiply each other respectively at despread signal y (n), carry out corresponding amplitude and phase place correction through filter successively afterwards, pass through integrator again; Integration period=processing gain * sample rate wherein; Integral result is delivered to comparator compares judgement, select the judgement integral result the highest a road as phase matched best a road, promptly final local carrier synchronous demodulation result output.Said process carries out in real time, if because the bigger variation of transmitting terminal or wireless channel causes that the receiving terminal carrier phase changes then integral result changes, the carrier synchronization module selects a road of phase matched the best to carry out synchronous demodulation with regard to adjudicating again.

Claims (5)

1. multi-user's spread spectrum receivers implementation method based on the Parallel Interference Cancellation algorithm is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1.1. carrying out convolutional encoding with user data, handles by each transmitter; Data after will encoding with the spreading code that distributes are then carried out digital spread spectrum BPSK (Binary Phase Shift Keying; Two-phase PSK) modulation is again through going out through antenna transmission after up-conversion and the Filtering Processing;
After 1.2. receiver receives each subscriber signal that transmitter sends; It is carried out down-converted; Obtain analog if signal; This analog if signal is carried out the controllable gain processing and amplifying, deliver to the analog-to-digital conversion sampling A again and sample and obtain digital medium-frequency signal, this digital medium-frequency signal is carried out Digital Down Convert handle and obtain baseband digital signal;
1.3. baseband digital signal is admitted to a yard synchronization module; Realize that through catching spreading code is synchronous with tracking operation; With a certain road user wherein is the active user, and then all the other a few road users are interference user, utilizes the Parallel Interference Cancellation algorithm to extract interference signal; And from baseband digital signal, remove a plurality of interference users the multiple access that active user's signal causes is disturbed, obtain removing the active user's signal after the interference;
1.4. active user's signal of removing after disturbing is being delivered to the carrier synchronization module through after the synchronous despreading; Utilize with frequently heterogeneous carrier track method here and realize carrier phase accurate tracking demodulation the active user; Handle the data that obtain behind active user's coding through bit synchronization judgement and differential decoding then, again the user data after encoding is carried out Viterbi decoding and obtain the active user and receive data;
1.5. with the operation of above-mentioned receiving course multidiameter delay, processing such as active user's spreading code carries out despreading, goes to disturb, carrier synchronization are adopted on each road, synchronization, same frequency receive and handle a plurality of user data.
2. according to claim 1 said multi-user's spread spectrum receivers implementation method based on the Parallel Interference Cancellation algorithm; It is characterized in that: the signal amplitude that receives through automatic gain control adjustment before the sampling in said 1.2; Utilize digital controlled oscillator to produce sinusoidal signal after the sampling back signal of sampling is carried out the Digital Down Convert processing, realize filtering and extraction process through integral comb filter and finite impulse response correction wave filter then.
3. according to claim 1 said multi-user's spread spectrum receivers implementation method based on the Parallel Interference Cancellation algorithm, it is characterized in that: the sign indicating number in said 1.3 may further comprise the steps synchronously:
3.1 catch: at first carry out relevant treatment through sliding correlation method; Through sending into comparator behind filtering, square detection, the integration; When integral result during less than decision threshold, feedback control signal of comparison module input goes to adjust the phase place of local pseudo random sequence code, gets into the relevant treatment of a new round again; Output result up to integrator is an acquisition success greater than threshold value, and output identification simultaneously gets into tracking module;
3.2 it is synchronously thin that tracking module adopts incoherent delay lock loop to realize: lock-on signal is divided into two-way and multiplies each other with the local reference signal of half code-element period of lead and lag respectively; Carry out square operation through the square operation circuit; Carry out filtering through low pass filter again; Treated two paths of signals is given phase discriminator and is subtracted each other; Adjust the phase place of local spreading code according to the result of phase discriminator output, finally make the pseudo random sequence code phase error of transmitting terminal and receiving terminal narrow down to less than positive and negative 1/16 code-element period;
3.3 will detecting in real time, tracking circuit judges whether pseudo random sequence code is lost synchronously, in case detect synchronization loss then change the synchronizing process that acquisition phase in 3.1 carries out a new round immediately over to.
4. according to claim 1 said multi-user's spread spectrum receivers implementation method, it is characterized in that the algorithm of Parallel Interference Cancellation described in 1.3 may further comprise the steps based on the Parallel Interference Cancellation algorithm:
4.1 utilize tracking module to obtain the phase place of current all user's frequency expansion sequences and calculate cross-correlation coefficient, the signal that will follow the tracks of simultaneously after the despreading carries out spread spectrum once more, multiply by cross-correlation coefficient then and obtains interference signal;
4.2 baseband digital signal deducts the active user's signal after interference signal obtains removing interference.
5. according to claim 1 said multi-user's spread spectrum receivers implementation method, it is characterized in that the heterogeneous carrier track method of same frequency in 1.4 may further comprise the steps based on the Parallel Interference Cancellation algorithm:
5.1 the local carrier and despreading output signal multiplication that adopt preceding 4 groups of phase places to postpone successively simultaneously obtain integral result through wave filter and integrator then, what the selection integral result was the highest a road is that final local carrier synchronous demodulation result exports;
5.2 process real-time is carried out in above-mentioned 5.1, the integral result change in case the primary carrier phase place changes, and then judgement again, selecting integral result the highest is that a road of phase matched the best is as a result of exported.
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