CN102682558A - Fire alarm with human body position far infrared detection function - Google Patents
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- CN102682558A CN102682558A CN2012101394105A CN201210139410A CN102682558A CN 102682558 A CN102682558 A CN 102682558A CN 2012101394105 A CN2012101394105 A CN 2012101394105A CN 201210139410 A CN201210139410 A CN 201210139410A CN 102682558 A CN102682558 A CN 102682558A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of electronic firefighting, and particularly relates to a fire alarm with a human body position far infrared detection function. The fire alarm comprises a singlechip, at least one detection sensor connected with the singlechips, a Fresnel lens, an amplifier, a filter and a level comparator, wherein the detection sensor adopts a pyroelectric infrared sensor; and the Fresnel lens has optical filtering and gathering functions, and enhances and gathers about 10-micron far infrared light waves emitted from a human body onto the pyroelectric infrared sensor, an electrical signal is generated, infrared wave interference produced by surrounding objects is filtered by the amplifier and the special filter, a finally obtained human body activity alarm is submitted to the singlechips for processing by the level comparator, and the fire alarm outputs a sound and light alarm signal. According to the fire alarm, a moving human body in a fire environment can be accurately detected, and the specific position of the human body can be timely reported. The fire alarm can be connected to a firefighting alarming system, and also can work independently of a firefighting system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electronics fire-fighting, particularly relate to a kind of fire-alarm of far infrared detection position of human body.
Background technology
Existing fire protection alarm system adopts thalposis and smoke alarm to change with acquisition environment temperature, smoke density; When environment temperature, when smoke density acquires a certain degree; Produce alerting signal, and alert locations information is provided, simultaneously through the fire-fighting host process; Realize interlock water or fire-smothering gear, realize the fire protection warning processing.All do not consider the human body detection problem in the standard fire fighting equipment both at home and abroad at present.This is the problem that the industry product convention not to be considered, also has one to be that the interference problem of on-the-spot various flame infrared waveses can't be handled well always.
At present both at home and abroad the probe that adopts of infrared eye is not if infrared tube correlation principle is unspecial in human detection, and its wavelength is with the human body radiation Wavelength-independent, and its to use basically be to be safety-protection system, be not fire-fighting system.
Though also adopt similar far infrared deterctor in the safety-protection system that has; But it is used also is to trigger protection alarm device or light control and management; And mainly be to change according to environmental light intensity to move as the one of which; Do not have other irrelevant infrared waves of filtering and human body, more do not have Special Equipment to connect fire-fighting system, personnel positions information is provided.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that the present invention will solve be overcome the deficiency of prior art and provide a kind of special to human body far infrared characterization wavelength, can accurately detect the moving human body in the fire hazard environment and notify the fire-alarm of human body particular location at once; This fire-alarm can insert fire protection alarm system, also can not rely on fire-fighting system and works alone.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of fire-alarm of far infrared detection position of human body is provided; Comprise single-chip microcomputer and at least one acquisition sensor that is connected with single-chip microcomputer; Also comprise Fresnel Lenses, amplifier and wave filter; Said acquisition sensor adopts pyroelectric infrared sensor (PIR); Said Fresnel Lenses focuses on the infrared ray of human body radiation on the pyroelectric infrared sensor, and said pyroelectric infrared sensor is that electric signal passes through to import single-chip microcomputer behind amplifier and the wave filter with the infrared signal change transitions, this fire-alarm output sound and light alarm signal.Wherein pyroelectric infrared sensor is an electric signal with the infrared signal change transitions, and can be inhibited to the white light signal of occurring in nature, the interference of ability filtering environmental infrared wavelength.The effect of Fresnel Lenses is to filter and focussing force, and near the infrared ray 10 microns of the specific wavelengths that can human body (about 37 degree) be given off filters, and strengthens and gather on the pyroelectric infrared sensor, produces electric signal.Because the electric signal voltage of pyroelectric infrared sensor output is very faint,, reply heat amplifies so releasing the voltage signal of infrared sensor output.
The fire-alarm of above-mentioned far infrared detection position of human body; Also comprise the level comparator between the input end of the output terminal that is connected wave filter and single-chip microcomputer; The output signal incoming level comparer of said wave filter; Single-chip microcomputer feeds back to level comparator according to actual conditions adjustment reference voltage relatively, net result input single-chip microcomputer.Further get rid of the interference of peripheral signal, guarantee the accuracy of surveying.
Establish software control system in the said single-chip microcomputer; Software control system is established the software address coding module, and the software address coding module carries out the software address coding to this fire-alarm, can improve the intelligent controlling level of above-mentioned fire-alarm so greatly; Realize the software address coding through software; This is new fire prevention developing direction, simultaneously, and can be according to the fire alarm actual conditions; The set time delay module of software control system in the single-chip microcomputer is set time-delay to the fire-alarm of interlock, and the warning performance of above-mentioned fire-alarm is improved greatly.
It is between 0.2～20um that said pyroelectric infrared sensor is surveyed wavelength coverage.Can accurately detect the moving human body at 3-15m place.
Said amplifier is a low-frequency amplifier, and said wave filter is 0.1～10Hz broadband low-pass filter.Because people's operating frequency is greatly about 0.1～10Hz scope; So used low-frequency amplifier and 0.1～10Hz broadband low-pass filter to come further to reduce the interference of the infrared wavelength that other object of environment sends, made and accurately to survey the physical activity situation in the scene of fire.
For increasing detection angle and detection area, adopt many probe technologies, the fire-alarm of above-mentioned far infrared detection position of human body can connect 1-5 acquisition sensor, and acquisition sensor is configured to single probe and three probes usually.
Said single-chip microcomputer with communicate with the fire-fighting main frame, thereby the fire-alarm of realizing above-mentioned far infrared detection position of human body is connected to the fire-fighting intelligent alarm system, can notify personnel's particular location in the fire hazard environment at once, improves the fire-fighting system rescue ability greatly.
Above-mentioned fire-alarm is provided with standby power supply; Can not rely on fire-fighting system and work alone; Occur under the situation of communication failure at the fire-fighting main frame like this, this fire-alarm can adopt standby power supply, sends sound and light alarm; Notify the personnel position at once, for the personnel of scene of fire rescue provides more reliably, guaranteed more accurately.
Compared with prior art, the present invention with respect to the beneficial effect of prior art is:
1, present fire-fighting system is not surveyed the detector or the function of personnel positions basically; The present invention adopts pyroelectricity far infrared human detector to be applied to fire protection alarm system; Realize scene of fire personnel positions warning; This is the detector that does not relate in traditional fire-fighting, succours significant to the personnel of scene of fire.
2, adopt multinomial measure to get rid of the interference of the far infrared wavelength that on-the-spot other object sends; 10 microns far infrared wavelength that special identification human body sends; Include the Fresnel Lenses optical filtering technique, relatively get rid of the hardware technology that peripheral signal disturbs, also comprise software algorithm treatment technology in the singlechip controller according to the electronic filtering technology and the Voltage Feedback of the employing of human motion signal frequency rule.
3, the present invention can realize the software address coding through software; Prior art is most to adopt the manual work of hardware toggle switch that each address of node is set, and obviously, software address encoding setting, debugging are simpler; Change also rapidly, this is the developing direction and the requirement of fire prevention; In addition, can be according to the fire alarm actual conditions, through the time-delay interlock of the different input-output units of software set, existing detector adopts the time-delay of time relay hardware basically, and each node all need increase hardware cost and manual work is debugged repeatedly.And the easy greatly operation of these functions of software setting, system is more humane, and is scientific, intelligent.
4, when breaking down with the fire-fighting main-machine communication or according to some special complex situations, fire-alarm of the present invention can adopt standby power supply automatically, independently sends sound and light alarm, for personnel's rescue of scene of fire provides more reliably, guaranteed more accurately.These are that general cigarette sense, temperature detection device are not available, and the intelligent degree of fire-alarm of the present invention is higher.
5, the present invention adopts many probe technologies to improve angle, the area surveyed greatly, has further improved the accuracy of surveying through software algorithm.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is done further detailed explanation.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of fire-alarm of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of PIR detection circuit of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of amplification of the present invention and filtering circuit;
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of voltage comparator circuit of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of processor of single chip computer of the present invention (MCU) circuit;
The process flow diagram that Fig. 6 gathers for fire alarm of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the process flow diagram of human body signals collecting of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1; Pyroelectric infrared sensor (PIR) can be that infrared signal change transitions between 8～12um is an electric signal with wavelength; And can be inhibited to the white light signal of occurring in nature, the interference of ability filtering environmental infrared wavelength, this is the advantage that many photo-detectors do not possess.
The effect of Fresnel Lenses is to filter and focussing force, and near the infrared ray 10 microns of the specific wavelengths that it can give off human body (about 37 degree) filters, and strengthens and gather on the pyroelectric infrared sensor, produces electric signal.
Receiving circuit has adopted special-purpose amplification filtering circuit, because people's operating frequency is greatly about 0.1～10Hz scope, so used low-frequency amplifier and 0.1～10Hz broadband low-pass filter.This is the key point of this circuit.The further like this interference that has reduced the infrared wavelength that other object of environment sends makes and can accurately survey the physical activity situation in the scene of fire.
Adopt processor of single chip computer (MCU), establish software control system in the single-chip microcomputer, software control system is established the software address coding module; The software address coding module carries out the software address coding to this fire-alarm; Can improve the intelligent controlling level of above-mentioned fire-alarm so greatly, realize the software address coding through software, this is new fire prevention developing direction; Simultaneously; Can be according to the fire alarm actual conditions, the set time delay module of the software control system in the single-chip microcomputer is set time-delay to the fire-alarm of interlock, and the warning performance of above-mentioned fire-alarm is improved greatly.
The course of work is: fire-alarm of the present invention filters and congregation through Fresnel Lenses, and about 10 microns the far infrared light wave enhancing that human body is sent accumulates on the pyroelectric infrared sensor, produces electric signal.Through amplifying and special filter, the infrared waves that the filtering environmental object produces disturb, and through level comparator, submit the personnel activity's alarm that finally obtains to processor of single chip computer (MCU).
Processor of single chip computer (MCU) is a fire-alarm core processor of the present invention.Processor of single chip computer feeds back to level comparator according to actual conditions adjustment reference voltage relatively on the one hand, and further eliminating is disturbed and confirmed detection architecture, judges whether there is physical activity at the scene; Judge through further algorithm process that on the other hand output sound and light alarm signal is given the fire-fighting main frame with this detector position information uploading simultaneously, points out the warning of field staff position, improves the accuracy of fire rescue greatly.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are respectively PIR detection circuit, amplification and filtering circuit.Realize reception, amplification, the Filtering Processing of above-mentioned far infrared wavelength signals to human body radiation.
Fig. 4 is a voltage comparator circuit, is the signal that human body radiation produces is carried out further comparison process, reduces ambient signal and disturbs, and obtains suitable alerting signal simultaneously and gives processor of single chip computer realization warning.
Fig. 5 is processor of single chip computer (MCU) circuit.Select 8051 nuclear single-chip microcomputers commonly used in the present embodiment for use, adopting model is STC89C52RC.
Main connection description:
1 pin, the sending and receiving optical diode is as fire lamp.
2 pin are connected with voltage comparator LM393 output terminal, are used for signal input part.
10 pin, multiplexing function are RxD serial ports receiving end.9 pin receiver output terminal R2OUT link to each other with the MAX232 transceiver.
11 pin, multiplexing function are TxD serial ports transmitting terminal.10 pin transmitter input end T2IN link to each other with the MAX232 transceiver.
12 pin, multiplexing function are external interrupt 0, and external button, button are used to simulate fire alarm to be taken place.Button is pressed, and then expression has fire alarm to take place, and interrupts immediately.Single-chip microcomputer is gathered State of alarm information.
The J1 interface is that serial ports is done with the data output end T2OUT of MAX232 and is connected with data receiver R2IN.Insert the RS-232 communication interface as slave.Realize communicate by letter (report to the police, the position encoded of this alarm is provided) through software with the fire-fighting main frame
Single-chip microcomputer can be realized the software address coding through software, and this is new fire prevention developing direction, in addition; Can pass through upgrade software; Can increase an amount of warning, interlock element number, make things convenient for the user to expand use, can be according to the fire alarm actual conditions; Set software delay interlock action etc., its performance improves greatly.
These functions had equipment to pass through the hardware realization in the past, were through the toggle switch realization such as coding, delayed time and realized through the hardware relay, and this bothers in debugging installation very much, and these functions of software setting are very simple, and were convenient, made system more humane, scientific.
Fire-alarm of the present invention is provided with standby power supply; Can not rely on fire-fighting system and work alone; Occur under the situation of communication failure at the fire-fighting main frame like this, this fire-alarm can adopt standby power supply, sends sound and light alarm; Notify the personnel position at once, for the personnel of scene of fire rescue provides more reliably, guaranteed more accurately.
The process flow diagram that Fig. 6 gathers for fire alarm.
At first alarm is opened external interrupt; Wait receives the fire signal that miscellaneous cause detector (like thalposis, cigarette sense) sends, and (general provision all is the dry contact signal; Be currentless simple communications signals); Show the fire alarm situation that detected, just begin effective human body infrared acquisition.
Fig. 7 is the process flow diagram of human body signals collecting.Human body infrared detector begins to check whether physical activity is arranged in the respective regions after receiving detection order, if judge have, then at once the geocoding of this locality is sent to the fire-fighting main frame, self sends audible and visible alarm simultaneously.Realize scene of fire human body detection warning.
GB4717-2005 " fire alarm control unit general technical specifications " is satisfied in design of the present invention.
Each item basic technical indicator is following:
A, can connect protect the Weir brand 6600 series intelligent fire protection warning main frame, and can constitute complete fire protection alarm system with corresponding thalposis, cigarette sense and input/output module are common.
B, the sensitivity drift to causing owing to the slow variation of extraneous non-pyric factor such as environment such as temperature, humidity, dust can compensate automatically.
C, historical events record can be inquired about, and can look into nearest 10 alarm loggings.Make things convenient for plant maintenance and maintenance.Can adopt many probe technologies, increase detection angle and detection area, the probe that this alarm can connect is 1-5.Commonly used is single probe and three probe configurations.
D, nominal service condition:
Environment temperature-10～60 ℃ ± 2 ℃
To Shi Du ≦ 95% (40 ℃)
Air pressure 86kPa～106kPa
E, regular service condition:
15～35 ℃ of environment temperatures
Air pressure 86kPa～106kPa
F, the key technical indexes:
Primary power
Output current and voltage 1A/24V 0.5A/5V
Quiescent dissipation 24V 10mA
Power backup power supply DC12V 0.1mA
G, investigative range:
Air line distance: 0.5m--10m
Detection area: 30 square metres (single probe)
60 square metres (three probes)
Detection angle: 130 degree (single probe)
170 degree (three probes).
Above embodiment only is used to explain technical scheme of the present invention, but not to its restriction; Although the present invention has been carried out detailed explanation with reference to preferred embodiment; The those of ordinary skill in affiliated field is to be understood that; Still can specific embodiments of the invention make amendment or the part technical characterictic is equal to replacement; And not breaking away from the spirit of technical scheme of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the technical scheme scope that the present invention asks for protection.
Claims (10)
1. the fire-alarm of a far infrared detection position of human body; Comprise single-chip microcomputer and at least one acquisition sensor that is connected with single-chip microcomputer; It is characterized in that; Also comprise Fresnel Lenses, amplifier and wave filter, said acquisition sensor adopts pyroelectric infrared sensor (PIR), and said Fresnel Lenses focuses on the infrared ray of human body radiation on the pyroelectric infrared sensor; Said pyroelectric infrared sensor is that electric signal passes through to import single-chip microcomputer behind amplifier and the wave filter with the infrared signal change transitions, this fire-alarm output sound and light alarm signal.
2. the fire-alarm of far infrared detection position of human body according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Also comprise the level comparator between the input end of the output terminal that is connected wave filter and single-chip microcomputer, the output signal incoming level comparer of said wave filter, single-chip microcomputer is according to actual conditions adjustment reference voltage relatively; Feed back to level comparator, net result input single-chip microcomputer.
3. the fire-alarm of far infrared detection position of human body according to claim 2; It is characterized in that; Establish software control system in the said single-chip microcomputer, software control system is established the software address coding module, and the software address coding module carries out the software address coding to this fire-alarm.
4. the fire-alarm of far infrared detection position of human body according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the software control system in the said single-chip microcomputer is established time delay module, and time delay module is set time-delay to the fire-alarm of interlock.
5. the fire-alarm of far infrared detection position of human body according to claim 1 is characterized in that, it is between 0.2～20um that said pyroelectric infrared sensor is surveyed wavelength coverage.
6. the fire-alarm of far infrared detection position of human body according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said amplifier is a low-frequency amplifier, and said wave filter is 0.1～10Hz broadband low-pass filter.
7. the fire-alarm of far infrared detection position of human body according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said acquisition sensor is 1～5.
8. the fire-alarm of far infrared detection position of human body according to claim 7 is characterized in that, said acquisition sensor is single probe or three probes.
9. according to the fire-alarm of each described far infrared detection position of human body of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that said single-chip microcomputer and fire-fighting main frame communicate, upload on-the-spot positional information to the fire-fighting main frame.
10. the fire-alarm of far infrared detection position of human body according to claim 9 is characterized in that, this fire-alarm is provided with standby power supply.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN103197354A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-07-10 | 黄程云 | Digital passive infrared static human body detector and detection method thereof |
| CN105788132A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2016-07-20 | 西安博康中瑞船舶设备有限公司 | Intelligent fire alarm |
| CN106344027A (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2017-01-25 | 李慧风 | Identification system of personnel, area and amount of exercise and operation method thereof |
| CN107369285A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-11-21 | 无锡市勃朗电器有限责任公司 | Fire-fighting safety system based on unmanned detection |
| CN107478333A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-12-15 | 广东小天才科技有限公司 | Intelligent wearable device with infrared pyroelectric sensor and wearing detection method thereof |
| CN111437556A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-07-24 | 上海翼捷工业安全设备股份有限公司 | Fire detector, fire detection method and automatic fire extinguishing system |
| CN112569509A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-03-30 | 钟善彪 | Fire extinguishing system with intelligent fire fighting equipment |
| CN114136457A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-03-04 | 中国安全生产科学研究院 | Infrared detection driver uniform correction and noise control based on FPGA |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103197354A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-07-10 | 黄程云 | Digital passive infrared static human body detector and detection method thereof |
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| CN106344027A (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2017-01-25 | 李慧风 | Identification system of personnel, area and amount of exercise and operation method thereof |
| CN107478333A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-12-15 | 广东小天才科技有限公司 | Intelligent wearable device with infrared pyroelectric sensor and wearing detection method thereof |
| CN107369285A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-11-21 | 无锡市勃朗电器有限责任公司 | Fire-fighting safety system based on unmanned detection |
| CN112569509A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-03-30 | 钟善彪 | Fire extinguishing system with intelligent fire fighting equipment |
| CN111437556A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-07-24 | 上海翼捷工业安全设备股份有限公司 | Fire detector, fire detection method and automatic fire extinguishing system |
| CN114136457A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-03-04 | 中国安全生产科学研究院 | Infrared detection driver uniform correction and noise control based on FPGA |
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Application publication date: 20120919 |