CN102681066A - High-efficient wide-angle coupling grating - Google Patents
High-efficient wide-angle coupling grating Download PDFInfo
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- CN102681066A CN102681066A CN2012101636782A CN201210163678A CN102681066A CN 102681066 A CN102681066 A CN 102681066A CN 2012101636782 A CN2012101636782 A CN 2012101636782A CN 201210163678 A CN201210163678 A CN 201210163678A CN 102681066 A CN102681066 A CN 102681066A
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Abstract
A high-efficient wide-angle coupling grating comprises a blazed grating structured substrate and three film layers, wherein the three film layers are plated on an oblique surface of the substrate and are not identical in refractive indexes and thicknesses, the refractive indexes of the first film layer and the third film layer are identical, and the refractive index of the second film layer is smaller than that of the first film layer and the third film layer. The thickness of the second film layer is smaller than that of the first film layer and larger than that of the third film layer. Optical cement is adhered on the film layers and is connected with an emission medium of a coupled light beam. The cycle of the coupling grating is related to an incidence wavelength and the refractive index of the emission medium. When the incidence wavelength is 532nm and the refractive index of the emission medium is 1.52, the cycle of the coupling grate is 410nm. When the light beam is in vertical incidence, the coupling efficiency is close to 97%. When an vertical angle of the light beam varies within -8 DEG C to 12 DEG C, and a transverse angle thereof varies within -15 DEG C to 15 DEG C, the coupling efficiency is larger than 93%. The high-efficient wide-angle coupling grating is capable of coupling light beams efficiently in wide incidence angle, and is applicable to a diffraction screen display system with large field of view.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to diffraction screen and show the field, relate in particular to a kind of diffraction screen and show in the system, the coupling grating of high-level efficiency coupling imaging beam at big visual field, small size.
Background technology
Show the field at diffraction screen, the system design of the big visual field of small size has become trend, and especially the wear-type diffraction screen shows, and more requires small volume and less weight.As shown in Figure 1, traditional approach is the imaging beam with each visual field, and incident has in the waveguide plate on wedge shape inclined-plane behind collimation, and the coupling energy of light beam can be near 100%.But require imaging source to tilt to place, waveguide plate needs the xsect of broad, has increased the volume and weight of system.As coupling element, imaging beam can the incident of vertical waveguide face, behind the light beam generation diffraction, propagates in the waveguide inner total reflection with blazed grating for Fig. 2.This design can reduce volume and weight, but the coupling efficiency of blazed grating generally is lower than 70%, and bigger when the powerful and influential visual field of asking of screen, promptly during incident angle variation range broad, the coupling efficiency of part angle can reduce to 30%, has lost more projectile energy.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve existing diffraction screen and show in the system, the coupled system of small size is in the imaging scope of big visual field; Can't realize high diffraction coupling problems; Provide a kind of high-level efficiency wide-angle coupling grating, can embed in the waveguide, form the light beam coupling system of small size; And in 20 ° * 30 ° field range, the coupling efficiency greater than 93% is provided.
The wide-angle coupling grating of high-level efficiency provided by the invention comprises the substrate of blazed grating structure, in substrate, plates refractive index, the incomplete same trilamellar membrane of thickness, i.e. first tunic, second tunic and trilamellar membrane.First tunic is identical with the refractive index of trilamellar membrane, and the refractive index of second tunic is less than first tunic and trilamellar membrane.The refractive index of first tunic and trilamellar membrane greater than the refractive index of 2.4, the second tunics less than 1.4.
By the direction of substrate to emergent medium, the thickness of rete changes according to the rule of attenuation gradually, the thickness of first tunic greater than the thickness of 100nm, second tunic greater than 60nm and less than the thickness of 100nm, trilamellar membrane less than 60nm.
The rete top is that trilamellar membrane and light beam emergent medium are bonding.The light beam emergent medium is generally waveguide.The refractive index of emergent medium is less than first tunic and trilamellar membrane.
The substrate of coupling grating presents the structure and morphology of blazed grating.The grooved of blazed grating section can be single blazed grating, and the blazed grating line of rabbet joint on one side tilts with the bottom surface, one side the line of rabbet joint vertical with the bottom surface; Also can be double balzed grating, the blazed grating line of rabbet joint and bottom surface on one side tilts, and the line of rabbet joint of another side also tilts with the bottom surface.Base material is a metal.
The cycle of coupling grating is decided by the wavelength of incident beam, and the relation of cycle and wavelength is: cycle=wavelength/(n * sinA), wherein n is the refractive index of emergent medium; When A is light beam vertical incidence grating surface, the angle of first-order diffraction light beam and grating surface normal.A is greater than the aerial cirtical angle of total reflection of emergent medium.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect:
And comparing with prior art, high-level efficiency wide angle coupling grating provided by the invention can form the coupled system of small size, in the imaging scope of big visual field, realizes high efficiency light beam coupling.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an existing wedge shape inclined-plane coupled system.
Fig. 2 is existing blazed grating coupled system.
Fig. 3 is the monocycle structural drawing of coupling grating of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the coupled light beam synoptic diagram of coupling grating of the present invention.
Fig. 5 be coupling grating of the present invention under wide angle incident, the distribution plan of diffraction efficiency.
Among the figure, the 1st, waveguide plate, the 2nd, the wedge shape inclined-plane, the 3rd, blazed grating, the 4th, the substrate of blazed grating structure, 5 is that first tunic, 6 is that second tunic, 7 is trilamellar membranes, the 8th, emergent medium, the 9th, coupling grating.
Embodiment
Fig. 3 is the monocycle structural drawing of coupling grating of the present invention.This coupling grating is made up of substrate, multilayer film, emergent medium.Wherein substrate 4 presents the trench structure of blazed grating.In the present embodiment, substrate 4 is single blazed gratings, and the blazed grating line of rabbet joint on one side tilts with the bottom surface, one side the line of rabbet joint vertical with the bottom surface.Blazing angle is 30 °.The material of substrate 4 is argents.
On the inclined-plane of substrate 4, plate first tunic 5, second tunic 6, trilamellar membrane 7 successively.In the present embodiment, the refractive index of ground floor rete 5 and trilamellar membrane 7 is that the medium of 2.5, the second tunics 6 is 1.38.
The plated film of ground floor rete 5, second layer rete 6, trilamellar membrane layer 7 is even, and the upper and lower surface of rete is all parallel with the inclined-plane of substrate 4.The thickness of first tunic is greater than the thickness of second tunic, and the thickness of second tunic is greater than the thickness of trilamellar membrane.In the present embodiment, the thickness of first tunic is 120nm, and the thickness of second tunic is 100nm, and the thickness of trilamellar membrane is 50nm.
As shown in Figure 4, coupling grating 9 is bonding through emergent medium 8 and waveguide plate 1, and light beam is by the direction incident perpendicular to coupling grating, and behind diffraction, total reflection takes place in waveguide plate the first-order diffraction light beam, continues to propagate.
Among Fig. 4, when light beam changed in the paper of instructions, the angle of variation was referred to as longitudinal angle b; The angle that light beam changes in the plane vertical with paper is referred to as lateral angle a.
The cycle of coupling grating is to be decided by the wavelength of incident beam.The relation of cycle and wavelength is: cycle=wavelength/(n * sinA), wherein n is the refractive index of emergent medium; When A is light beam vertical incidence grating surface, the angle of first-order diffraction light beam and grating surface normal.A is greater than the aerial cirtical angle of total reflection of emergent medium.In this example, wavelength is 532nm, and n is 1.52, and A is 60 °.Through calculating, obtaining cycle T is 410nm.
When changing in [15 °, 15 °], high coupling efficiency is near 97% at [8 °, 12 °], lateral angle a for the longitudinal angle b that Fig. 5 has shown light beam, and minimum coupling efficiency is greater than 93%.The result of calculation of Fig. 5 is based on " M.G.Moharam; Formulationfor stable and efficient implementation of the rigorous coupled-wave analysis of binary gratings; J.Opt.Soc.Am.A 12; 5 (1995) ", and the theoretical method of employing rigorous coupled wave calculates.
The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention; Therefore do not limit claim of the present invention; Every equivalent structure or flow change of utilizing instructions of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to be done; Or directly or indirectly be used in other relevant technical fields, all in like manner be included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. wide-angle coupling grating of high-level efficiency; It is characterized in that; Described coupling grating comprises the substrate of blazed grating structure, in substrate, plates refractive index, the incomplete same trilamellar membrane of thickness, i.e. first tunic, second tunic and trilamellar membrane; First tunic is identical with the refractive index of trilamellar membrane, and the refractive index of second tunic is less than first tunic and trilamellar membrane; The thickness of first tunic is greater than the thickness of second tunic, and the thickness of second tunic is greater than the thickness of trilamellar membrane, and the rete top is that trilamellar membrane and light beam emergent medium are bonding; The light beam emergent medium is generally waveguide.
2. coupling grating according to claim 1 is characterized in that substrate presents the structure and morphology of blazed grating; The grooved of blazed grating section is single blazed grating, and the blazed grating line of rabbet joint on one side tilts with the bottom surface, one side the line of rabbet joint vertical with the bottom surface.
3. coupling grating according to claim 1 is characterized in that substrate presents the structure and morphology of blazed grating; The grooved of blazed grating section is a double balzed grating, and the blazed grating line of rabbet joint and bottom surface on one side tilts, and the line of rabbet joint of another side also tilts with the bottom surface.
4. coupling grating according to claim 1 is characterized in that, base material is a metal.
5. coupling grating according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the refractive index of first tunic and trilamellar membrane greater than the refractive index of 2.4, the second tunics less than 1.4.
6. according to each described coupling grating in the claim 1 to 5; It is characterized in that; By the direction of substrate to emergent medium; The thickness of rete changes according to the rule of attenuation gradually, the thickness of first tunic greater than the thickness of 100nm, second tunic greater than 60nm and less than the thickness of 100nm, trilamellar membrane less than 60nm.
7. according to each described coupling grating in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, with the bonding emergent medium in rete top be the low-refraction transparent medium, the refractive index of emergent medium is less than first tunic and trilamellar membrane.
8. according to each described coupling grating in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that the cycle of coupling grating is decided by the wavelength of incident beam, the relation of cycle and wavelength is: cycle=wavelength/(n * sinA), wherein n is the refractive index of emergent medium; When A is light beam vertical incidence grating surface, the angle of first-order diffraction light beam and grating surface normal.
9. coupling grating according to claim 8 is characterized in that, A is greater than the aerial cirtical angle of total reflection of emergent medium.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105891961A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-08-24 | 复旦大学 | Multimode guided mode resonance optical filter with wide angle switching |
| CN106019485A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-10-12 | 复旦大学 | Narrow band optical filter based on prism coupling guided-mode resonance |
| CN106908914A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2017-06-30 | 谷歌公司 | Photon chip grating coupler |
| CN108303763A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2018-07-20 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Light guide plate and preparation method thereof, backlight and display device |
| CN112099141A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2020-12-18 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Diffraction optical waveguide, manufacturing method, method and equipment for improving uniformity of emergent light |
| CN113253373A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-08-13 | 艾普偏光科技(厦门)有限公司 | Glasses lens with visible light color changing by blazed grating technology and preparation method thereof |
| CN114144710A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2022-03-04 | 脸谱科技有限责任公司 | Out-coupling suppression in waveguide displays |
| CN116893470A (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2023-10-17 | 上海鲲游科技有限公司 | Diffraction optical waveguide and augmented reality display device |
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| WO2010122329A1 (en) * | 2009-04-20 | 2010-10-28 | Bae Systems Plc | Improvements in optical waveguides |
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| CN201264966Y (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2009-07-01 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Conductive glass |
| WO2010122329A1 (en) * | 2009-04-20 | 2010-10-28 | Bae Systems Plc | Improvements in optical waveguides |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106908914A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2017-06-30 | 谷歌公司 | Photon chip grating coupler |
| CN106019485A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-10-12 | 复旦大学 | Narrow band optical filter based on prism coupling guided-mode resonance |
| CN105891961B (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2019-02-26 | 复旦大学 | A kind of bandwidth can angle switching multimode guide mode resonance optical filter |
| CN105891961A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-08-24 | 复旦大学 | Multimode guided mode resonance optical filter with wide angle switching |
| CN108303763A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2018-07-20 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Light guide plate and preparation method thereof, backlight and display device |
| CN114144710A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2022-03-04 | 脸谱科技有限责任公司 | Out-coupling suppression in waveguide displays |
| CN114144710B (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2024-04-26 | 元平台技术有限公司 | Out-coupling suppression in waveguide displays |
| CN112099141B (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2023-11-07 | 歌尔光学科技有限公司 | Diffraction optical waveguide, method of manufacturing the same, method of improving uniformity of outgoing light, and apparatus |
| CN112099141A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2020-12-18 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Diffraction optical waveguide, manufacturing method, method and equipment for improving uniformity of emergent light |
| CN113253373A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-08-13 | 艾普偏光科技(厦门)有限公司 | Glasses lens with visible light color changing by blazed grating technology and preparation method thereof |
| CN113253373B (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2022-05-31 | 艾普偏光科技(厦门)有限公司 | Glasses lens with flashing grating technology visible light color changing |
| CN116893470A (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2023-10-17 | 上海鲲游科技有限公司 | Diffraction optical waveguide and augmented reality display device |
| CN116893470B (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2023-11-28 | 上海鲲游科技有限公司 | Diffraction optical waveguide and augmented reality display device |
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Application publication date: 20120919 |