CN102680799A - Transformer substation capacitor on-line monitoring method and device based on wireless mode - Google Patents
Transformer substation capacitor on-line monitoring method and device based on wireless mode Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric power equipment on-line monitoring, and in particular relates to a transformer substation capacitor on-line monitoring method and device based on a wireless mode, wherein the method mainly comprises the following steps: designing and additionally arranging a self-electricity-supplying current measuring unit at the high-voltage side of each capacitor, additionally arranging a self-electricity-supplying voltage measuring unit at the secondary side output end of an electricity discharge PT (potential transformer) of each group of parallel capacitors, acquiring the working voltage and current of each capacitor, and sending the obtained working voltage and current of each capacitor wirelessly to a monitoring base station; monitoring an internally-built computer and a wireless module of the base station; sending a capacitor voltage and current synchronous sampling starting conversion command, receiving, storing and managing measurement data, calculating the capacitance and medium loss of each capacitor by utilizing spectrum analysis, sending the calculated result to a monitoring host machine of a remote monitoring center for comprehensive estimation and analysis, and giving out a fault alarm for the capacitors with the variation greater than a certain value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to power equipment on-line monitoring technique field, be specifically related to a kind of transformer station's electric capacity on-line monitoring method and device thereof based on wireless mode.
Background technology
Shnt capacitor is widely used in the reactive power compensation of electric system, generally is installed in to adopt centralized compensation in the transformer station, and the capacitor group structure of certain 500KV transformer station is as shown in Figure 1.Along with scale of power enlarge the continuous increase with workload demand day by day, system is more and more frequent to its voltage and idle adjusting, the safe operation of Shunt Capacitor Unit plays important effect for the stablizing of whole electric system, normal power supply.When certain capacitor damage in the frame type capacitive device group caused whole group electric capacity to trip, other electric capacity may damage because of being hit, and the quick-fried fault of capacitor cohort can take place severe patient, thereby has enlarged the scope and the influence of accident.
Because the direct loss that electrical equipment fault causes are huge, and can't be estimated especially by the indirect loss that power failure causes.Traditional is that periodic maintenance is accomplished to electric power apparatus examination through preventive trial; But preventive trial is an off-line to carry out; The test of promptly under power down mode, carrying out; The characteristics that cycle is long, voltage is low are arranged usually, and the back equipment state (like trial voltage, temperature etc.) that has a power failure is inconsistent with state in service, test findings can not ten minutes reflect the fault state of equipment truly.And repair based on condition of component can in time reflect the running status of power equipment, thereby in time finds defective, improves the reliability of total system power supply, thereby becomes power system device maintenance Development Trend.
The precondition that realizes equipment state overhauling is the research and development application of power equipment insulated on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis technology.For the on-line monitoring of electric power compensation capacitor group, mainly be monitoring to its electric capacity and dielectric loss parameter.Capacitive insulation bad meeting causing condenser capacitance value generation significant change, electric capacity is the direct parameter of capacitor fault pre-alarming; The monitoring dielectric loss can be found the whole deterioration of capacitor insulation equally delicately.Although fast development along with the power equipment on-line monitoring technique; The on-line monitoring system that can be applicable to the capacitive character power equipment begins to obtain research and development and uses; And become the useful of preventive trial method and replenished; But literature search shows that the research and development to converting station electric power compensation condenser group on-line monitoring still are in the blank stage specially.
Dec 21 2005 day for announcing; Notification number is that the Chinese invention patent (patent No. 200410026133.2) of CN 1232831C discloses a kind of " capacitive character power equipment dielectric loss on-line monitoring method and device "; Key step has: equipment leakage current signal on the ground wire is gathered in (1); After being transferred to first signal conditioner that is positioned at Control Room and handling through signal cable, send into the data collecting card first passage and gather; (2) gather the output of transformer substation voltage mutual inductor low pressure and obtain reference voltage signal, after being transferred to the secondary signal conditioner that is positioned at Control Room and handling through signal cable, send into the data collecting card second channel and gather; Through second channel signal triggering first passage, gather simultaneously during collection to guarantee two passages; (3) computing machine two paths of signals that data collecting card is collected carries out spectrum analysis and obtains their angular difference and angular difference tangent value (dielectric loss); (4) in the computing machine database is set, Monitoring Data is carried out data management and inquiry, realize remote monitoring through Web server.This invention is converted into digital signal earlier through gathering the system voltage and the earth leakage electric current of capacitive character power equipment, utilizes spectrum analysis (Fourier transform) to ask for equipment dielectric loss again.This invention realized the on-line monitoring of capacitive character power equipment dielectric loss, to the digitized processing of acquired signal and management and the historical data analysis, the inquiry that utilize the computer realization data.There is subject matter in this method: (1) conceptual design is taked wired mode: promptly all signals all transmit through signal cable.In the middle of reality; A voltage transformer (VT) (PT) and some s' capacitive equipment is installed on same the bus in the transformer station usually; Therefore in order to carry out on-line monitoring to the insulation parameter of all capacitive equipments; Need to lay numerous signal cables the secondary side voltage signal of this PT is guided to respectively handle accordingly in the harvester of each capacitive equipment after; Again capture card output is introduced the computing machine that computational analysis is used through many cables respectively, do like this and can bring a lot of drawbacks.At first; Transformer station for 110KV and above electric pressure; Because the distance between the distinct device is distant; Be easy to distort in the long-distance transmissions of reference voltage signal under transformer station's complex electromagnetic environment as calculating usefulness, thereby influence measuring accuracy, cause the erroneous judgement of fault.Secondly, length also can increase the probability that produces the cable grounding fault apart from cabling, influences the safe and reliable operation of system.Moreover transformer station's capacitive equipment is numerous, need lay a large amount of cables, and the site operation amount is big.In addition, if the transforming plant primary equipment main electrical scheme changes, all can produce transmission signals cable laying or dismounting problem; (2) for the Reactive Compensation Capacitor in Substation group; Measured capacitance is in the electrification in high voltage state all the time; Consider based on insulation safety; Do not allow to receive PT secondary side voltage signal on the capacitance current collecting unit that is in high pressure conditions with wired mode yet, thereby this technical scheme and be not suitable for the on-line monitoring of substation compensation capacitor group.
Open day on June 28th, 2006; Notification number is that the Chinese invention patent application (application number 200510022748.2) of CN 1793990A discloses a kind of " capacitive equipment dielectric loss on-line monitoring system ", comprises tester, central computer and current sampling circuit.This invention is taked central computer to pass through the GPRS wireless remote and is controlled a plurality of relatively independent testers; By the GPS module of installing on the tester; Realize the synchronous acquisition in strange land, receive the image data of tester passback after, the data of gathering are carried out Fourier analysis; Try to achieve the fundamental phase of the sample rate current of each capacitive equipment, try to achieve dielectric loss angular difference each other by phase place again.This application scheme emphasis has solved the strange land synchronous acquisition problem between a plurality of relative distances decentralized capacitance property equipment far away; Can make tester insert sampling nearby; Thereby utilize the GPRS wireless network can satisfy the characteristics of telecommunication instruction, monitor the dielectric loss angular difference between a plurality of capacitive equipments simultaneously.But in the face of common tens situation that install concentratedly in the same place of power capacitor of monitoring target frame-type Shunt Capacitor Unit of the present invention; Then have a series of problems: (1) this application scheme can only be utilized the end screen current signal of a plurality of capacitive equipments of current sampling circuit synchronous acquisition of its design; Obtain its phase differential after the calculating; Utilize the dielectric loss angular difference of its sign to come to judge indirectly the dielectric loss (with the less capacitive equipment of dielectric loss as benchmark) of equipment under test; Can not obtain and the real medium loss value of store electricity capacitive equipment and capacitance value and with history value relatively, assessment, employing benchmark (self can change) pairing comparision is difficult to guarantee the accuracy that detects; (2) current sampling circuit of this application scheme short circuit ground connection disconnecting link that can only work as with it parallel connection draws back Shi Caike and carries out and accomplishes live testing, and when the screen electric current ground connection of capacitive equipment end, ground connection disconnecting link K closure can't realize the continuous on-line sampling of equipment; (3) this application scheme is the problem that overcomes GPRS network real-time communication difference; GPRS module and GPS module all are installed on each tester and adopt storage battery power supply; Because its tester and current sampling circuit can be placed on screen ground connection place, capacitive equipment end, needn't too consider volume, output power and repair and replacement problem, but in the face of concentrating a large amount of Reactive Compensation Capacitor in Substation groups of installing; The one, install a large amount of GPRS modules and GPS module cost height, investment additional greatly; The more important thing is because the restriction of operation high pressure and installing space requires to install additional the enough little and long-term as much as possible powered operation continuously of measuring equipment volume palpus, therefore must reduce device volume, power consumption; Reduce the maintenance that possibly influence equipment operation as far as possible and change, this application scheme obviously can't satisfy this point.
April 6 2011 day for announcing; Notification number is that the Chinese invention patent (application number 200910021454.6) of CN 101493485B also discloses a kind of " on-line monitoring system for capacitive equipment dielectric loss angle "; Comprise microprocessor, leakage current signal acquisition module, GPS synchronization module, wireless communication module, A/D sampling module, frequency measurement sampling unit; It adopts the mode of layered distribution type structure centralized management; According to functional requirement system is divided into monitor layer, key-course and Information Level, accomplishes strange land synchronous acquisition a plurality of different electric capacitive apparatus in strange land by a monitoring main frame (key-course) a plurality of field monitoring extension sets of control (comprising collecting unit SU and intelligent processing unit IPU); Its existing problems are: select one group of capacitive equipment to do normative reference on (1) monitoring principle; Extract and use behind its end screen electric current relatively method to carry out fault judgement, thereby can not obtain the detection data and the history value thereof of capacitive equipment electric capacity and dielectric loss value are assessed contrast to its variation tendency; (2) its field monitoring extension set (comprising microprocessor, leakage current signal acquisition module, A/D sampling module, frequency measurement sampling unit, wireless communication module, GPS module) has installed network service and GPS module additional for realizing the strange land synchronous acquisition; The power consumption of not only supplying power is big, operating cost is high; Be difficult to the continuous powerup issue of solution equipment; If a large amount of concentrate that to install obvious investment additional huge, be not suitable for the concentrated monitoring of a large amount of electric capacity of substation compensation capacitor group; (3) for the monitoring of transformer station's building-out capacitor; Require tested voltage and tested electric current to carry out grab sampling at same position; Otherwise the instability that will cause Fourier's result of calculation; GPS in this scheme to the time obviously can not satisfy, GPS to the time can only guarantee tested current sample between a plurality of field apparatuss mutually constantly synchronously, but can not solve the problem that the tested voltage of building-out capacitor and tested electric current must carry out grab sampling at same position; And how this scheme does not provide and is measuring the design proposal of equipment voltage with electric current same position fixed point as far as possible, thereby is only applicable to use relatively that method measures the scheme that capacitive equipment end screen electric current carries out fault judgement.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that the present invention will solve is: realize continuous, real time on-line monitoring to the electric capacity and the dielectric loss parameter of all electric capacity of converting station electric power compensation condenser group; Solve compensation condenser and operate in high pressure conditions, its working current sampling must be satisfied the problem of electric power insulation safety that rules require; The investment that network communication module and GPS module possibly bring is big, the high problem of cost is paid dues in operation if install additional in a large number to solve compensation condenser electric current, voltage detection unit, solves its low-power consumption and long-term, powerup issue continuously; Solve tested voltage of building-out capacitor and tested electric current palpus co-located fixed point, synchronized sampling problem; A kind of transformer station's electric capacity on-line monitoring method and device that is applicable to the compensation condenser group of installing concentratedly in a large number in the transformer station is provided.
Design proposal of the present invention is:
A kind of transformer station's electric capacity on-line monitoring method based on wireless mode; Can realize the electric capacity of converting station electric power compensation condenser group electric capacity and the on-line monitoring of dielectric loss; It is characterized in that; The working current of co-located, each electric capacity of synchronized sampling and WV adopt wireless mode to realize synchronized sampling control and transmission measurement data, utilize computing machine to accomplish data processing and fault analysis alarm; May further comprise the steps:
1) installs the self powered current measuring unit additional in the design of the high-pressure side of every electric capacity, obtain the working current of each electric capacity and be wirelessly transmitted to the monitoring base station that is positioned at transformer station;
2) be chosen in each secondary side output terminal of organizing the discharge PT of shunt capacitance and install self-powered voltage measurement unit additional, obtain the fixed point WV of respectively organizing electric capacity and be wirelessly transmitted to the monitoring base station that is positioned at transformer station;
3) each voltage, current measuring unit start synchronized sampling after receiving the collection conversion command that base station radio sends immediately;
4) monitoring base station is set in transformer station; Built-in computing machine and wireless module: 1. send capacitance voltage, electric current synchronized sampling startup conversion command; 2. receive measurement data and storage administration; 3. utilize spectrum analysis to calculate the electric capacity and the dielectric loss of every electric capacity, 4. result of calculation is sent to the remote monitoring center monitoring host computer;
5) the remote monitoring center monitoring host computer receives the electrical substation monitoring base station data; To same capacitance data carry out history contrast, capacitance data laterally reaches vertical contrast respectively on the same group; Behind the variable quantity of comprehensive assessment capacitive insulation parameter, to the capacitor proposition fault warning of variable quantity greater than certain value.
Preferably, said monitoring base station also is built-in with a fixed phase module, and the moment that capacitance voltage, electric current synchronized sampling startup conversion command are sent in the base station is an industrial frequency AC cycle signal zero-cross point in the fixed phase module.
A kind of transformer station's electric capacity on-Line Monitor Device based on wireless mode is characterized in that, comprising:
Current measuring unit: the microprocessor, supply module and the wireless module that comprise the little electric current CT of punching, band A/D conversion at least; The little electric current CT of said punching is socketed on the lead of electric capacity high-pressure side and is used for the coupling capacitance working current; Its two-way is exported one the tunnel and is connected to microprocessor A/D conversion input end and is used for current sample; Another road is connected to supply module and carries out exporting powered after the rectifying and wave-filtering voltage stabilizing; The input end of starting current sampling immediately A/D changed after said microprocessor received synchronized sampling startup conversion command through wireless module, and the current data of obtaining is sent to monitoring base station through wireless module;
Voltage measurement unit: be installed in the secondary side output terminal of capacitor set discharge PT, comprise microprocessor, power module and the wireless module of band A/D conversion at least; The secondary side output terminal one tunnel of discharge PT is connected to microprocessor A/D conversion input end and is used for voltage sample; Another road is connected to power module and carries out exporting powered after the rectifying and wave-filtering voltage stabilizing; The input end of trigger voltage sampling immediately A/D changed after said microprocessor received synchronized sampling startup conversion command through wireless module, and the voltage data that obtains is sent to monitoring base station through wireless module;
Monitoring base station: in transformer station, be provided with on the spot; At least comprise computing machine and wireless module, computing machine sends voltage, electric current synchronized sampling startup conversion command and reception, storage and management measurement data through wireless module to current measuring unit and voltage measurement unit; Based on institute's image data, computing machine utilizes spectrum analysis to calculate electric capacity and the dielectric loss of every electric capacity and result of calculation is sent to remote monitoring center;
Remote monitoring center: comprise monitoring host computer; Receive the electrical substation monitoring base station data; To same capacitance data carry out history contrast, capacitance data laterally reaches vertical contrast respectively on the same group; Behind the variable quantity of comprehensive assessment capacitive insulation parameter, to the capacitor proposition fault warning of variable quantity greater than certain value.
Preferably, said monitoring base station also includes a fixed phase module and an interface module.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following technical characterictic:
1, the present invention is through continuous, the online detection to substation capacitors group electric capacity WV, current parameters; Calculate the electric capacity and the dielectric loss value of capacitance apparatus; Real-time measurement, data query, historical contrast and fault diagnosis have been realized, for the repair based on condition of component of realizing power equipment provides the practical technique scheme to the main insulation parameter of capacitance apparatus.
2, being employed in the substation compensation capacitor group installs the position concentratedly and installs monitoring base station additional in the scene on the spot; Utilize short distance, low-power, wireless communication module (like the bluetooth module of use 2.4GHz frequency range or the wireless module of free frequency ranges such as use 433MHz, 866MHz) to accomplish design proposal between base station and the tested a plurality of electric capacity to capacitance voltage, the collection of current signal wireless synchronization and data transmission; Avoided cable to lay; Solve capacitor group in centralized arrangement and installed investment, expense and the powerup issue that network communication module and GPS module possibly brought in a large number additional; Realized image data between measuring unit and the base station continuously, safety, isolation transmission, greatly reduce system cost, simultaneously owing to adopt digital transmission; Anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong; Improved the reliability of data, test findings proves, the stability of sampling measurement result after data filtering repeatedly is better than employing GPS scheme among the present invention program.
3, with respect to the screen ground connection place, end of selecting current measuring unit is placed on the capacitive character power equipment in the prior art; Its current measuring unit is unrestricted; Needn't too consider volume, insulation and power supply mode problem; And the compensation condenser group that transformer station installs concentratedly work the time is to be in the high pressure conditions (see in accompanying drawing 1 circuit, A phase high-pressure side 35KV, A, 2 of B all are in high pressure over the ground) all the time; Consider insulating requirements and each other safe distance problem; Directly being attached to current measuring unit volume on the capacitance apparatus should be enough little, low-power consumption and can be long-term, continuously, the self-powered operation, the present invention is through installing the little electric current CT of punching additional from the equipment under test sampling and obtain the design proposal of working power, the ingenious self-powered problem that has solved current measuring unit on the lead of electric capacity high-pressure side.Because punching CT volume is very little, its power supply capacity is also very little, and if installed the GPS module additional its output energy can not meet the demands.
4, for solving tested voltage of building-out capacitor and tested electric current palpus co-located fixed point, synchronized sampling problem; The present invention has expanded and has utilized the effect of high-voltage capacitor discharge PT; Because it is the necessary technology safety practice of shnt capacitor in the transformer station that discharge PT is installed; And the WV of discharge PT and capacitor is identical; Therefore the present invention's technical scheme of installing this group electric capacity WV of voltage measurement unit collection additional through the secondary output terminal at every group capacitor discharge PT has solved capacitance voltage, electric current co-located grab sampling problem on the same group very dexterously; And the output of selecting bus PT in the prior art usually for use obviously can not realize and the equipment under test electric current of remote multiple spot distribution and the same position grab sampling of its WV.
5, the present invention utilizes wireless mode that the measurement data of power capacitor is transmitted, and avoids other multioutlet on high-voltage capacitance equipment to the full extent, does not influence the insulating property of equipment under test because of installing checkout equipment additional.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the compensation condenser group structural representation of certain 500KV transformer station.
Fig. 2 is embodiments of the invention; Utilize the base station to A among Fig. 1; Between 2 of the B 5 on the same group shnt capacitor carry out the system architecture synoptic diagram (wherein I1, I2, I3, I4, I5 are respectively the current measuring unit that installs additional in capacitor C 1, C11, C12, C13, C14 high-pressure side correspondence, the voltage measurement unit of V1 for installing additional at this group capacitor discharge PT secondary side output terminal) of on-line monitoring.
Fig. 3 be embodiments of the invention to A among Fig. 1, between 2 of the B 5 on the same group shnt capacitor carry out the workflow diagram of on-line monitoring.
Fig. 4 is the schematic block circuit diagram of embodiments of the invention current measuring unit.
Fig. 5 is the schematic block circuit diagram of embodiments of the invention voltage measurement unit.
Fig. 6 is the schematic block circuit diagram of embodiments of the invention monitoring base station.
Fig. 7 is the workflow diagram of monitoring base station computing machine among the present invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the compensation condenser group structural representation of certain 500KV transformer station.The A phase of only drawing among figure building-out capacitor, B phase, C phase compensation capacitance structure are mutually identical with A, 40 of A phase electric capacity, so totally 120 of three-phase building-out capacitors.A phase high side voltage is 35KV; There are 5 column capacitances in the left side, classifies example as with the right side several first, because power capacitor directly connects with transmission line of electricity; Be in A; 2 measured capacitance of B all are in high pressure conditions (except the E point) over the ground, and based on the consideration of insulation safety, we can not receive voltage signal on the current measuring unit that is in high pressure conditions with wired mode; And be to guarantee that the measurement result that after FFT (Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)) calculates, draws is stable; Each sampling must satisfied be carried out the co-located grab sampling from the electric capacity position to its WV and working current, for addressing the above problem, the invention discloses a kind of transformer station's electric capacity on-line monitoring method based on wireless mode; Can realize the electric capacity of converting station electric power compensation condenser group electric capacity and the on-line monitoring of dielectric loss; Its core is: the working current and the WV of co-located, each electric capacity of synchronized sampling, and adopt wireless mode to realize synchronized sampling control and transmission measurement data, utilize computing machine to accomplish data processing and fault analysis alarm; Mainly may further comprise the steps:
1) installs the self powered current measuring unit additional in the design of the high-pressure side of every electric capacity, obtain the working current of each electric capacity and be wirelessly transmitted to the monitoring base station that is positioned at transformer station;
2) be chosen in each secondary side output terminal of organizing the discharge PT of shunt capacitance and install self-powered voltage measurement unit additional, obtain the fixed point WV of respectively organizing electric capacity and be wirelessly transmitted to the monitoring base station that is positioned at transformer station;
3) each voltage, current measuring unit start synchronized sampling after receiving the collection conversion command that base station radio sends immediately;
4) monitoring base station is set in transformer station; Built-in computing machine and wireless module: 1. send capacitance voltage, electric current synchronized sampling startup conversion command; 2. receive measurement data and storage administration; 3. utilize spectrum analysis to calculate the electric capacity and the dielectric loss of every electric capacity, 4. result of calculation is sent to the remote monitoring center monitoring host computer;
5) the remote monitoring center monitoring host computer receives the electrical substation monitoring base station data; To same capacitance data carry out history contrast, capacitance data laterally reaches vertical contrast respectively on the same group; Behind the variable quantity of comprehensive assessment capacitive insulation parameter, to the capacitor proposition fault warning of variable quantity greater than certain value.
For the online detection of power capacitor, mainly be the measurement of capacity and dielectric loss.It is that FFT (FFT) algorithm computation decomposites first-harmonic and harmonic component in voltage, the electric current that technical scheme of the present invention is utilized Spectral Analysis Method of the prior art; On the basis that calculates voltage fundamental, current first harmonics and phase differential thereof, carry out the calculating of each condenser capacity and dielectric loss value.
Fig. 2 realizes A among Fig. 1 for adopting said method, between 2 of the B 5 on the same group shnt capacitor carry out the system architecture synoptic diagram of the embodiments of the invention of on-line monitoring.Wherein I1, I2, I3, I4, I5 are respectively the current measuring unit that installs additional in capacitor C 1, C11, C12, C13, C14 high-pressure side correspondence, the voltage measurement unit of V1 for installing additional at this group capacitor discharge PT secondary side output terminal.Wherein:
1) current measuring unit I1, I2, I3, I4, I5: the microprocessor, supply module and the wireless module that comprise the little electric current CT of punching, band A/D conversion respectively; The little electric current CT of said punching is socketed on respectively on capacitor C 1, C11, C12, C13, the C14 high-pressure side lead and is used for the coupling capacitance working current; Its two-way is exported one the tunnel and is connected to microprocessor A/D conversion input end and is used for current sample; Another road is connected to supply module and carries out exporting powered after the rectifying and wave-filtering voltage stabilizing; The input end of starting current sampling immediately A/D changed after said microprocessor received synchronized sampling startup conversion command through wireless module, and the current data of obtaining is sent to monitoring base station through wireless module;
2) voltage measurement unit V1: be installed in the secondary side output terminal of capacitor set discharge PT1, comprise microprocessor, power module and the wireless module of band A/D conversion; The secondary side output terminal one tunnel of discharge PT1 is connected to microprocessor A/D conversion input end and is used for voltage sample; Another road is connected to power module and carries out exporting powered after the rectifying and wave-filtering voltage stabilizing; The input end of trigger voltage sampling immediately A/D changed after said microprocessor received synchronized sampling startup conversion command through wireless module, and the voltage data that obtains is sent to monitoring base station through wireless module;
3) monitoring base station: in transformer station, be provided with on the spot; Built-in computing machine and the wireless module of comprising at least, computing machine sends voltage, electric current synchronized sampling startup conversion command and reception, storage and management measurement data through wireless module to current measuring unit and voltage measurement unit; Based on institute's image data, computing machine utilizes spectrum analysis to calculate electric capacity and the dielectric loss of every electric capacity and result of calculation is sent to remote monitoring center; In an embodiment of the present invention; Monitoring base station also includes a fixed phase module, is used for reading the moment that any phase industrial frequency AC cycle signal zero-cross point of three-phase alternating current reference voltage is sent voltage, electric current synchronized sampling startup conversion command in the transformer station as the base station; Further, the monitoring base station computing machine also comprises an interface module, comprises the wired RS485 interface of configuration, optical fiber interface or configuration wireless GPRS mixed-media network modules mixed-media, is used for the transmission of result of calculation.
4) remote monitoring center (not drawing among the figure): comprise monitoring host computer; Receive the electrical substation monitoring base station data and utilize ORACLE database software archive management through optical fiber or the built-in GPRS network module of monitoring host computer, utilize B/S (Browser/Server) pattern to realize that long-range historical data and fault diagnosis result are inquired about, warning function.Capacitor group Fault Diagnosis adopt to same capacitance data carry out history contrast, capacitance data laterally reaches vertical contrast respectively on the same group, behind the variable quantity of comprehensive assessment capacitive insulation parameter, to the capacitor proposition fault warning of variable quantity greater than certain value.
With reference to figure 3 embodiments of the invention to A among Fig. 1, between 2 of the B 5 on the same group shnt capacitor carry out the workflow of on-line monitoring, mainly may further comprise the steps:
Step 101: the monitoring base station computing machine sends capacitance voltage, electric current synchronized sampling startup conversion command through wireless module;
Step 102: the self-powered current measuring unit that the electric capacity high-pressure side installs additional starts synchronized sampling after receiving the collection conversion command that base station radio sends immediately, obtains the working current of each electric capacity and is wirelessly transmitted to monitoring base station;
Step 103: the self-powered voltage measurement unit that capacitor discharge PT secondary side output terminal installs additional starts synchronized sampling after receiving the collection conversion command that base station radio sends immediately, obtains the fixed point WV of respectively organizing electric capacity and is wirelessly transmitted to monitoring base station;
Step 104: the monitoring base station computing machine receives voltage, current measurement data and storage administration through wireless module;
Step 105: the monitoring base station computing machine utilizes spectrum analysis to calculate electric capacity and the dielectric loss of every electric capacity and result of calculation is sent to the remote monitoring center monitoring host computer;
Step 106: the remote monitoring center monitoring host computer receives the electrical substation monitoring base station data; To same capacitance data carry out history contrast, capacitance data laterally reaches vertical contrast respectively on the same group; Behind the variable quantity of comprehensive assessment capacitive insulation parameter, to the capacitor proposition fault warning of variable quantity greater than certain value.
With reference to the schematic block circuit diagram of figure 4 embodiment of the invention current measuring units, current measuring unit comprises microprocessor, supply module and the wireless module of the little electric current CT of punching, band A/D conversion; The little electric current CT of punching is socketed on the lead of electric capacity high-pressure side and is used for the coupling capacitance working current; Its two-way export one the tunnel utilize prior art amplify with Filtering Processing after be connected to microprocessor A/D conversion input end and be used for current sample, another road is connected to supply module and carries out rectification, filtering, voltage stabilizing to handle back output electric energy be the current measuring unit power supply.In actual the use, the A/D conversion chip can adopt AD976CN, and chip speed 100KHz has high acquisition rate and high-resolution, can satisfy the requirement of picking rate and acquisition precision.Cpu chip can adopt the 89C51 chip; Link to each other with RAM; The synchronized sampling that initially at first receives in each sampling period starts conversion command and sampling rate; The input end of starting current sampling immediately A/D changes then, accomplishes the sampling number in the cycle and the A/D chip is obtained sampled value depositing RAM in according to the given sampling rate of CPU, after the data of having gathered a power frequency period; Through wireless module transmitting supervisory base station, wireless module can be selected the bluetooth module of commercially available 2.4GHz frequency range for use with the data in the RAM.
In the present embodiment, the little electric current CT of punching is socketed on and is used for the coupling capacitance working current on the lead of electric capacity high-pressure side and all adopts prior art with output power supply energy.Wherein but the little electric current CT of punching can adopt sieve Paderewski sensing coil; Being made into a winding as required is that core-theaded type can be born tested electric current and corresponding requirements; The iron core good through the wide load characteristic of high sensitivity adapts to the little current signal of mA grade standard that measurement needs in secondary output; The magnetic core of miniature current sensor is selected adaptation for use according to the characteristic of measured signal material is highly sensitive when guaranteeing little electric current; Exceed and have saturation characteristic when measuring range of current; Fault enlarges when avoiding excess current, and its secondary output formation geometric ratio is input to microprocessor A/D conversion input end in the secondary current i of measured current I and carries out signal Processing and A/D conversion, and the ratio of I/i is set in the cpu chip of microprocessor.The electric energy that said supply module is accomplished rectification, filtering, voltage stabilizing processing back taking-up to the little electric current CT of punching output current to be needed satisfies the continuous working of microprocessor and wireless module.In the actual engineering, because power capacitor directly connects with transmission line of electricity, for reducing the quantities of installing in the work progress, the little electric current CT of punching also can adopt Open Type Electric Current Mutual Inductor (for example split core type current transformer).
With reference to the schematic block circuit diagram of figure 5 embodiment of the invention voltage measurement units, voltage measurement unit V1 is installed in the secondary side output terminal of capacitor set discharge PT1, comprises microprocessor, power module and the wireless module of band A/D conversion; The secondary side output terminal output signal one tunnel of discharge PT1 utilizes that prior art is isolated, be connected to microprocessor A/D conversion input end after the amplification, Filtering Processing is used for voltage sample, and another road is connected to that power module carries out overvoltage protection and back output powered is handled in voltage stabilizing; The secondary side output end voltage v of discharge PT1 and the no-load voltage ratio V/v of tested voltage V set in the cpu chip of microprocessor; In actual the use; The A/D conversion chip can adopt AD976CN; Chip speed 100KHz has high acquisition rate and high-resolution, can satisfy the requirement of picking rate and acquisition precision; Cpu chip can adopt the 89C51 chip; Link to each other with RAM; The synchronized sampling that initially at first receives in each sampling period starts conversion command and sampling rate; The input end of trigger voltage sampling immediately A/D changes then, accomplishes the sampling number in the cycle and the A/D chip is obtained sampled value depositing RAM in according to the sampling rate of CPU setting, after the data of the intact power frequency period of every collection; Through wireless module transmitting supervisory base station, wireless module can be selected the bluetooth module of commercially available 2.4GHz frequency range for use with the data in the RAM; Said power module is accomplished the continuous working that the electric energy that taking-up after the overvoltage protection of the secondary side output voltage of discharge PT1 and the voltage stabilizing processing is needed satisfies microprocessor and wireless module, adopts prior art.
Schematic block circuit diagram with reference to figure 6 embodiments of the invention monitoring base stations; Monitoring base station comprises computing machine and wireless module, and computing machine sends voltage, electric current synchronized sampling startup conversion command and reception, storage and management measurement data through wireless module to current measuring unit and voltage measurement unit; Based on institute's image data, computing machine utilizes spectrum analysis to calculate electric capacity and the dielectric loss of every electric capacity and result of calculation is sent to remote monitoring center.In the present embodiment; The computing machine of monitoring base station adopts FPGA FPGA development board (integrated CPU, peripheral hardware, storer and I/O interface) as the main hardware carrier; Control core with microprocessor as system; Completion detects and realization high-speed synchronous controlling of sampling the work frequency of ac reference voltage in the transformer station, and the Data Receiving communication is controlled and accomplished to the base station workflow.Specifically comprise: the fixed phase module; Select the EP1C6Q240C8 of altera corp chip for use; Utilize FPGA plate design phase locking frequency multiplying circuit; Read in the transformer station in the three-phase alternating voltage any one and carry out the frequency measurement sampling and calculate the sampling rate in cycle of output as ac reference voltage, with guarantee that capacitance voltage, current signal satisfy that FFT (Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)) requires 2
nSampling number, actual in the triggering sign of industrial frequency AC cycle signal zero-cross point as one-period power frequency sampling starting point, promptly the moment of voltage, electric current synchronized sampling startup conversion command is sent in the base station; Further, the monitoring base station computing machine also comprises an interface module, comprises the wired RS485 interface of configuration, optical fiber interface or configuration wireless GPRS mixed-media network modules mixed-media, is used for result of calculation is sent to remote monitoring center through wired or wireless mode.
Present embodiment is employed in the substation compensation capacitor group and installs the position concentratedly and install monitoring base station additional in the scene on the spot; Utilize the bluetooth module (also can use the wireless module of free frequency range such as 433MIIz, 866MIIz) of short distance, low-power, 2.4GIIz frequency range to accomplish design proposal between base station and the tested a plurality of electric capacity to capacitance voltage, the collection of current signal wireless synchronization and data transmission; Utilize image data between measuring unit and base station continuously, safety, isolation transmission; Avoid cable to lay, both satisfied the insulation safety requirement of building-out capacitor high-voltage operation, the relaying as capacitance voltage, current signal receives repeater station simultaneously; Through adopting the short distance digital transmission; Improved the reliability of data greatly, test findings proves that the stability of the present invention program's measurement result is better than the GPS scheme that adopts.
Fig. 7 is the workflow diagram of monitoring base station computing machine among the present invention.
After system's power-up initializing, self check are passed through, at first read transformer station's base station numbering and capacitor group sequence number, be used for the packing management of sampled data; Read fixed phase module frequency measurement signal and calculating sampling speed then; After treating that the industrial frequency AC signal zero crossing arrives; Trigger and through wireless module send sampling rate and voltage, the electric current synchronized sampling starts conversion command; Voltage, current measuring unit start sampling input end A/D conversion after receiving and starting conversion command, accomplish the sampling number in the cycle and will obtain sampled value depositing RAM in according to the sampling rate that receives, after the data of the intact power frequency period of every collection; Data in the RAM are passed through wireless module transmitting supervisory base station; Monitoring base station receives voltage, current measurement data and deposits database in through wireless module, continues the reading of data database data, calculates the electric capacity and the dielectric loss of every electric capacity and preserves database; Last reading of data database data also is sent to the remote monitoring center monitoring host computer with result of calculation, thereby accomplishes the sampling process of one whole.
About remote monitoring center: comprise monitoring host computer; Through wired mode such as optical fiber or RS485 interface twisted-pair feeder; Wireless mode such as built-in GPRS network module receive the electrical substation monitoring base station data and utilize ORACLE database software archive management; Utilize B/S (Browser/Server) pattern to realize that long-range historical data and fault diagnosis result are inquired about, warning function, all adopt prior art, do not give unnecessary details.
The remote monitoring center monitoring host computer is to the fault diagnosis of electrical substation monitoring data: to same capacitance data carry out the history contrast, capacitance data laterally reaches vertical contrast respectively on the same group; Behind the variable quantity of comprehensive assessment capacitive insulation parameter, to the capacitor proposition fault warning of variable quantity greater than certain value.
Be defined as example with Southern Power Grid Company " power equipment preventive trial rules ", capacitance fault warning condition is set is:
1) device is sent out off-limit alarm when C1≤0.95Cn.
2) device is sent out off-limit alarm when C1 >=1.1Cn.
3) device is not sent out off-limit alarm during 95%Cn＜C1＜1.1Cn.
(wherein Cn is the capacitance factory-said value, and C1 is the capacitor sample value).
Compensation condenser group capacitance voltage, the control of current signal wireless synchronization collection and the transmission of data that the present invention adopts short distance, low-power, wireless communication technology completion that transformer station is installed concentratedly first; Avoided cable to lay; Greatly reduce difficulty and system's installation cost of construction; Solve capacitor group in centralized arrangement and installed investment, expense and the powerup issue that network communication module and GPS module possibly brought in a large number additional; Realized image data between measuring unit and the base station continuously, safety, isolation transmission; Can continuous monitoring capacitor operating condition, and unusual electric capacity proposed fault warning, guaranteed the security of operation of converting station electric power system.
Claims (4)
1. transformer station's electric capacity on-line monitoring method based on wireless mode; Can realize the electric capacity of converting station electric power compensation condenser group electric capacity and the on-line monitoring of dielectric loss; It is characterized in that; The working current of co-located, each electric capacity of synchronized sampling and WV adopt wireless mode to realize synchronized sampling control and transmission measurement data, utilize computing machine to accomplish data processing and fault analysis alarm; May further comprise the steps:
1) installs the self powered current measuring unit additional in the design of the high-pressure side of every electric capacity, obtain the working current of each electric capacity and be wirelessly transmitted to the monitoring base station that is positioned at transformer station;
2) be chosen in each secondary side output terminal of organizing the discharge PT of shunt capacitance and install self-powered voltage measurement unit additional, obtain the fixed point WV of respectively organizing electric capacity and be wirelessly transmitted to the monitoring base station that is positioned at transformer station;
3) each voltage, current measuring unit start synchronized sampling after receiving the collection conversion command that base station radio sends immediately;
4) monitoring base station is set in transformer station; Built-in computing machine and wireless module: 1. send capacitance voltage, electric current synchronized sampling startup conversion command; 2. receive measurement data and storage administration; 3. utilize spectrum analysis to calculate the electric capacity and the dielectric loss of every electric capacity, 4. result of calculation is sent to the remote monitoring center monitoring host computer;
5) the remote monitoring center monitoring host computer receives the electrical substation monitoring base station data; To same capacitance data carry out history contrast, capacitance data laterally reaches vertical contrast respectively on the same group; Behind the variable quantity of comprehensive assessment capacitive insulation parameter, to the capacitor proposition fault warning of variable quantity greater than certain value.
2. the transformer station's electric capacity on-line monitoring method based on wireless mode as claimed in claim 1; Said monitoring base station also is built-in with a fixed phase module, and the moment that capacitance voltage, electric current synchronized sampling startup conversion command are sent in the base station is an industrial frequency AC cycle signal zero-cross point in the fixed phase module.
3. the transformer station's electric capacity on-Line Monitor Device based on wireless mode is characterized in that, comprising:
Current measuring unit: the microprocessor, supply module and the wireless module that comprise the little electric current CT of punching, band A/D conversion at least; The little electric current CT of said punching is socketed on the lead of electric capacity high-pressure side and is used for the coupling capacitance working current; Its two-way is exported one the tunnel and is connected to microprocessor A/D conversion input end and is used for current sample; Another road is connected to supply module and carries out exporting powered after the rectifying and wave-filtering voltage stabilizing; The input end of starting current sampling immediately A/D changed after said microprocessor received synchronized sampling startup conversion command through wireless module, and the current data of obtaining is sent to monitoring base station through wireless module;
Voltage measurement unit: be installed in the secondary side output terminal of capacitor set discharge PT, comprise microprocessor, power module and the wireless module of band A/D conversion at least; The secondary side output terminal one tunnel of discharge PT is connected to microprocessor A/D conversion input end and is used for voltage sample; Another road is connected to power module and carries out exporting powered after the rectifying and wave-filtering voltage stabilizing; The input end of trigger voltage sampling immediately A/D changed after said microprocessor received synchronized sampling startup conversion command through wireless module, and the voltage data that obtains is sent to monitoring base station through wireless module;
Monitoring base station: in transformer station, be provided with on the spot; At least comprise computing machine and wireless module, computing machine sends voltage, electric current synchronized sampling startup conversion command and reception, storage and management measurement data through wireless module to current measuring unit and voltage measurement unit; Based on institute's image data, computing machine utilizes spectrum analysis to calculate electric capacity and the dielectric loss of every electric capacity and result of calculation is sent to remote monitoring center;
Remote monitoring center: comprise monitoring host computer; Receive the electrical substation monitoring base station data; To same capacitance data carry out history contrast, capacitance data laterally reaches vertical contrast respectively on the same group; Behind the variable quantity of comprehensive assessment capacitive insulation parameter, to the capacitor proposition fault warning of variable quantity greater than certain value.
4. the transformer station's electric capacity on-Line Monitor Device based on wireless mode as claimed in claim 3, said monitoring base station also includes a fixed phase module and an interface module.
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