CN102680799B - Transformer substation capacitor on-line monitoring method and device based on wireless mode - Google Patents
Transformer substation capacitor on-line monitoring method and device based on wireless mode Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric power equipment on-line monitoring, and in particular relates to a transformer substation capacitor on-line monitoring method and device based on a wireless mode, wherein the method mainly comprises the following steps: designing and additionally arranging a self-electricity-supplying current measuring unit at the high-voltage side of each capacitor, additionally arranging a self-electricity-supplying voltage measuring unit at the secondary side output end of an electricity discharge PT (potential transformer) of each group of parallel capacitors, acquiring the working voltage and current of each capacitor, and sending the obtained working voltage and current of each capacitor wirelessly to a monitoring base station; monitoring an internally-built computer and a wireless module of the base station; sending a capacitor voltage and current synchronous sampling starting conversion command, receiving, storing and managing measurement data, calculating the capacitance and medium loss of each capacitor by utilizing spectrum analysis, sending the calculated result to a monitoring host machine of a remote monitoring center for comprehensive estimation and analysis, and giving out a fault alarm for the capacitors with the variation greater than a certain value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electrical equipment online supervision technical field, be specifically related to a kind of transformer substation capacitor on-line monitoring method based on wireless mode and device thereof.
Background technology
Shnt capacitor is widely used in the reactive power compensation of electric system, and be generally arranged in transformer station and adopt centralized compensation, the Capacitor banks structure of certain 500KV transformer station as shown in Figure 1.Along with the expanding day of electrical network scale and the continuous increase of workload demand, system is more and more frequent to its voltage and idle adjustment, and the safe operation of Shunt Capacitor Unit plays very important effect for stable, the normal power supply of whole electric system.When certain capacitor damage in frame type capacitive device group causes whole group of electric capacity tripping operation, other electric capacity may damage because being hit, and the quick-fried fault of capacitor cohort can occur severe patient, thus expand scope and the impact of accident.
The direct loss caused due to electrical equipment fault are huge, and the indirect loss caused by power failure cannot be estimated especially.Traditional has been come by preventive trial and periodic maintenance electric power apparatus examination, but preventive trial is off-line to carry out, namely the test carried out under power down mode, usually the feature that the cycle is long, voltage is low is had, and state is inconsistent in have a power failure rear equipment state (as trial voltage, temperature etc.) and operation, test findings can not reflect the fault state of equipment very truly.And repair based on condition of component can reflect the running status of power equipment in time, thus Timeliness coverage defect, improve the reliability that whole system is powered, thus become the trend of power system device maintenance development.
The precondition realizing equipment state overhauling is the research and development application of Electric Power Equipment Insulation on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis technology.For the on-line monitoring of electric power compensation Capacitor banks, mainly to the monitoring of its electric capacity and dielectric loss parameter.The bad meeting of capacitive insulation causes capacitor electrode capacitance generation significant change, and electric capacity is the direct parameter of capacitor faults early warning; Monitoring dielectric loss can find the entirety deterioration of capacitor insulation equally delicately.Although along with the fast development of electrical equipment online supervision technology, the on-line monitoring system that can be applicable to capacitive character power equipment starts to be researched and developed and apply, and become the useful supplement of preventive trial method, but literature search shows, the research and development specially for converting station electric power compensation condenser group on-line monitoring are still in the blank stage.
Dec 21 2005 day for announcing, notification number is that the Chinese invention patent (patent No. 200410026133.2) of CN 1232831C discloses one " capacitive character power equipment dielectric loss on-line monitoring method and device ", key step has: (1) gathers equipment leakage current signal on ground wire, be transferred to after the first signal conditioner being positioned at Control Room processes through signal cable, send into data collecting card first passage and gather; (2) gather transformer substation voltage mutual inductor low pressure to export and obtain reference voltage signal, be transferred to after the secondary signal conditioner being positioned at Control Room processes through signal cable, send into data collecting card second channel and gather; First passage is triggered, to ensure that two passages gather simultaneously by second channel signal during collection; (3) two paths of signals that data collecting card collects by computing machine carries out angular difference and the angular difference tangent value (dielectric loss) that spectrum analysis obtains them; (4) setting data storehouse in computing machine, carries out data management and inquiry to Monitoring Data, realizes remote monitoring by Web server.This invention, by gathering system voltage and the earth leakage electric current of capacitive character power equipment, is first converted into digital signal, and recycling spectrum analysis (Fourier transform) asks for equipment dielectric loss.This invention achieve capacitive character power equipment dielectric loss on-line monitoring, to the digitized processing of collection signal and utilize computing machine to realize the management of data and historical data analysis, inquiry.There is subject matter in the method: (1) conceptual design takes wired mode: namely all signals are all transmitted by signal cable.In the middle of reality, same bus in transformer station is provided with usually the capacitive equipment of a voltage transformer (VT) (PT) and some, therefore in order to on-line monitoring can be carried out to the insulation parameter of all capacitive equipments, need lay after processing accordingly in harvester that the secondary side voltage signal of this PT guided to each capacitive equipment by numerous signal cable respectively, again capture card is exported the computing machine introducing computational analysis respectively by many cables, do like this and can bring a lot of drawbacks.First, for the transformer station of 110KV and above, because the distance between distinct device is distant, be easy to distort as in the long-distance transmissions of reference voltage signal under transformer station's complex electromagnetic environment calculated, thus affect measuring accuracy, cause the erroneous judgement of fault.Secondly, long distance cabling also can increase the probability producing cable earth fault, the safe and reliable operation of influential system.Moreover transformer substation capacitor equipment is numerous, need lay a large amount of cable, site operation amount is large.In addition, if transforming plant primary equipment main electrical scheme changes, all can produce transmission signal cable and lay or dismounting problem; (2) for Reactive Compensation Capacitor in Substation group, measured capacitance is in electrification in high voltage state all the time, consider based on insulation safety, do not allow PT secondary side voltage signal wired mode to receive to be on the capacitance current collecting unit of high pressure conditions, thus this technical scheme be not suitable for the on-line monitoring of substation compensation capacitor group yet.
Publication date on June 28th, 2006, notification number is that the Chinese invention patent application (application number 200510022748.2) of CN 1793990A discloses one " capacitive equipment dielectric loss on-line monitoring system ", comprises tester, central computer and current sampling circuit.This invention takes central computer by the multiple relatively independent tester of GPRS Wireless remote control, by the GPS module that tester is installed, realize the synchronous acquisition in strange land, after receiving the image data of tester passback, Fourier analysis is carried out to the data gathered, try to achieve the fundamental phase of the sample rate current of each capacitive equipment, then try to achieve dielectric loss angular difference each other by phase place.This application scheme emphasis solves the strange land synchronous acquisition problem between multiple relative distance decentralized capacitance equipment far away, tester can be made to access sampling nearby, thus utilize GPRS wireless network can meet the feature of telecommunication instruction, monitor the dielectric loss angular difference between multiple capacitive equipment simultaneously.But situation about installing concentratedly in the face of usual tens the same places of power capacitor of monitoring target frame-type Shunt Capacitor Unit of the present invention, then there is series of problems: the end shield current signal of the multiple capacitive equipment of current sampling circuit synchronous acquisition that (1) this application scheme can only utilize it to design, its phase differential is obtained after calculating, the dielectric loss angular difference utilizing it to characterize judges the dielectric loss (using the less capacitive equipment of dielectric loss as benchmark) of equipment under test indirectly, can not obtain and the real medium loss value of store electricity capacitive apparatus and capacitance value compare with history value, assessment, benchmark (self can change) pairing comparision is adopted to be difficult to the accuracy ensureing to detect, (2) current sampling circuit of this application scheme can only be worked as short circuit grounding disconnecting link with it in parallel and pulled open Shi Caike and carry out and complete live testing, and when capacitive equipment end shield current earthing, grounding switch K closes, and cannot realize the continuous on-line sampling of equipment, (3) this application scheme is the problem overcoming GPRS network real-time communication difference, each tester installed GPRS module and GPS module and adopt storage battery power supply, because its tester and current sampling circuit can be placed on capacitive equipment end shield ground connection place, too need not consider volume, output power and repair and replacement problem, but in the face of concentrating a large amount of Reactive Compensation Capacitor in Substation group of installing, one is install a large amount of GPRS module additional and GPS module cost is high, investment is large, the more important thing is the restriction owing to running high pressure and installing space, measuring equipment volume is installed in requirement additional must enough little and long-term powered operation continuously as much as possible, therefore device volume must be reduced, power consumption, reduce the maintenance replacing that may affect equipment and run as far as possible, this application scheme obviously cannot meet this point.
April 6 2011 day for announcing, notification number is that the Chinese invention patent (application number 200910021454.6) of CN 101493485B also discloses one " on-line monitoring system for capacitive equipment dielectric loss angle ", comprise microprocessor, leakage current signal acquisition module, GPS synchronization module, wireless communication module, A/D sampling module, frequency measurement sampling unit, its mode adopting layered distribution type structure to manage concentratedly, according to functional requirement, system is divided into monitor layer, key-course and Information Level, control multiple field monitoring extension set (comprising collecting unit SU and intelligent processing unit IPU) by a monitoring main frame (key-course) and complete strange land synchronous acquisition to the multiple different capacitive equipment in strange land, its existing problems are: (1) monitoring principle is selected one group of capacitive equipment make reference standard, use capacitive equipments to carry out breakdown judge after extracting its end shield electric current, can not obtain the detection data of capacitive equipment electric capacity and dielectric loss value and history value thereof thus assessment contrast is carried out to its variation tendency, (2) its field monitoring extension set (comprising microprocessor, leakage current signal acquisition module, A/D sampling module, frequency measurement sampling unit, wireless communication module, GPS module) has installed network service and GPS module additional for realizing strange land synchronous acquisition, not only supply that electrical power consumed is large, operating cost is high, be difficult to the continuous powerup issue of solution equipment, concentrate if a large amount of that to install obviously investment additional huge, be not suitable for the Centralizing inspection of a large amount of electric capacity of substation compensation capacitor group, (3) for the monitoring of transformer station's building-out capacitor, require that tested voltage and tested electric current must carry out grab sampling at same position, otherwise will the instability of Fourier's result of calculation be caused, obviously can not meet during GPS couple in the program, the synchronous of tested current sample moment between multiple field apparatus mutually can only be ensured during GPS couple, but the tested voltage of building-out capacitor and tested electric current must carry out grab sampling problem at same position can not be solved, and the program does not provide and how is fixing a point to measure the design proposal of equipment voltage with electric current same position as far as possible, thus be only applicable to use capacitive equipments to measure the scheme that capacitive equipment end shield electric current carries out breakdown judge.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: continuous, the real time on-line monitoring that realize electric capacity to all electric capacity of converting station electric power compensation condenser group and dielectric loss parameter; Solve compensation condenser and operate in high pressure conditions, the sampling of its working current must meet the problem of insulation safety required by electric power code; If solve compensation condenser electric current, voltage detection unit installs network communication module in a large number additional and GPS module may be brought investment is large, run cost high problem of paying dues, solve its low-power consumption and long-term, powerup issue continuously; Solve the tested voltage of building-out capacitor and tested electric current palpus co-located fixed point, synchronized sampling problem; A kind of transformer substation capacitor on-line monitoring method and device of the compensation condenser group being applicable to install concentratedly in a large number in transformer station are provided.
Design proposal of the present invention is:
A kind of transformer substation capacitor on-line monitoring method based on wireless mode, the on-line monitoring of electric capacity to converting station electric power compensation condenser group electric capacity and dielectric loss can be realized, it is characterized in that, the working current of co-located, each electric capacity of synchronized sampling and operating voltage, adopt wireless mode realize synchronous sampling control and transmit measurement data, utilize computing machine to complete data processing and fault analysis alarm; Comprise the following steps:
1) in the high-pressure side of every electric capacity, self powered current measuring unit is installed in design additional, obtains the working current of each electric capacity and is wirelessly transmitted to the monitoring base station being positioned at transformer station;
2) select the secondary side output terminal of the electric discharge PT at each group shunt capacitance to install self-powered voltage measurement unit additional, obtain the fixed point operating voltage of each group of electric capacity and be wirelessly transmitted to the monitoring base station being positioned at transformer station;
3) each voltage, current measuring unit start synchronized sampling after receiving the Collect conversion order of base station radio transmission immediately;
4) monitoring base station is set in transformer station, built-in computer and wireless module: 1. send capacitance voltage, current synchronization sampling starts conversion command, 2. measurement data is received and storage administration, 3. utilize spectrum analysis to calculate electric capacity and the dielectric loss of every electric capacity, 4. result of calculation is sent to remote monitoring center monitoring host computer;
5) remote monitoring center monitoring host computer receives electrical substation monitoring base station data, same capacitance data is carried out to historical comparison, carried out transverse direction and longitudinally contrast respectively with group capacitance data, after the variable quantity of comprehensive assessment capacitive insulation parameter, capacitor variable quantity being greater than to certain value proposes fault warning.
Preferably, described monitoring base station is also built-in with a fixed phase module, and the moment of base station transmission capacitance voltage, current synchronization sampling startup conversion command is the zero crossing of industrial frequency AC signal in fixed phase module.
Based on a transformer substation capacitor on-Line Monitor Device for wireless mode, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Current measuring unit: at least comprise punching small area analysis CT, the microprocessor being with A/D conversion, supply module and wireless module; Described punching small area analysis CT is socketed on the wire of capacitor high voltage side for coupling capacitance working current, its two-way exports a road and is connected to microprocessor A/D conversion inputs for current sample, another road is connected to and exports electric energy after supply module carries out rectifying and wave-filtering voltage stabilizing and power, after described microprocessor receives synchronized sampling startup conversion command by wireless module, the input end of starting current sampling immediately A/D changes, and the current data of acquisition is sent to monitoring base station by wireless module;
Voltage measurement unit: the secondary side output terminal being installed in capacitor set discharge PT, at least comprises the microprocessor of band A/D conversion, power module and wireless module; Secondary side output terminal one tunnel of electric discharge PT is connected to microprocessor A/D conversion inputs for voltage sample, another road is connected to and exports electric energy after power module carries out rectifying and wave-filtering voltage stabilizing and power, after described microprocessor receives synchronized sampling startup conversion command by wireless module, the input end of trigger voltage sampling immediately A/D changes, and the voltage data of acquisition is sent to monitoring base station by wireless module;
Monitoring base station: arrange on the spot in transformer station, at least comprise computing machine and wireless module, computing machine sends voltage by wireless module to current measuring unit and voltage measurement unit, current synchronization sampling starts conversion command and receive, store and management measurement data; Based on institute's image data, computing machine utilizes spectrum analysis calculate the electric capacity of every electric capacity and dielectric loss and result of calculation is sent to remote monitoring center;
Remote monitoring center: comprise monitoring host computer, receive electrical substation monitoring base station data, same capacitance data is carried out to historical comparison, carried out transverse direction and longitudinally contrast respectively with group capacitance data, after the variable quantity of comprehensive assessment capacitive insulation parameter, capacitor variable quantity being greater than to certain value proposes fault warning.
Preferably, described monitoring base station also includes a fixed phase module and an interface module.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following technical characteristic:
1, the present invention is by continuous, the on-line checkingi to substation capacitors group electric capacity operating voltage, current parameters, calculate electric capacity and the dielectric loss value of capacitance apparatus, achieve the real-time measurement to capacitance apparatus primary insulation parameter, data query, historical comparison and fault diagnosis, for the repair based on condition of component realizing power equipment provides practical technique scheme.
2, adopt and install position concentratedly in substation compensation capacitor group and install monitoring base station additional in scene on the spot, short distance is utilized between base station and tested multiple electric capacity, low-power, wireless communication module is (as used the bluetooth module of 2.4GHz frequency range or using 433MHz, the wireless module of the free frequency range such as 866MHz) complete capacitance voltage, the design proposal that current signal wireless synchronization gathers and data are transmitted, avoid cable to lay, solve and install at the Capacitor banks of centralized arrangement the investment that network communication module and GPS module may bring in a large number additional, expense and powerup issue, achieve continuous between measuring unit and base station of image data, safety, isolation transmission, greatly reduce system cost, simultaneously owing to adopting digital transmission, anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, improve the reliability of data, experiment results proved, the stability of measurement result after repeatedly data filtering of sampling in the present invention program is better than and adopts GPS scheme.
3, relative to selecting end shield ground connection place current measuring unit being placed on capacitive character power equipment in prior art, its current measuring unit is unrestricted, too need not consider volume, insulation and power supply mode problem, and be in all the time in high pressure conditions (see in accompanying drawing 1 circuit during the work of compensation condenser group that transformer station installs concentratedly, A phase high-pressure side 35KV, A, B 2 is all in high pressure over the ground), consider insulating requirements and each other safe distance problem, the current measuring unit volume be directly attached on capacitance apparatus should be enough little, low-power consumption and can be long-term, continuously, self-powered runs, the present invention samples from equipment under test by installing punching small area analysis CT on the wire of capacitor high voltage side additional and obtains the design proposal of working power, the ingenious self-powered problem solving current measuring unit.Because punching CT volume is very little, its power supply capacity is also very little, if install GPS module additional, it exports energy and can not meet the demands.
4, for solving the tested voltage of building-out capacitor and tested electric current palpus co-located fixed point, synchronized sampling problem, the present invention expands and make use of the effect of high-voltage capacitor electric discharge PT, because install the necessary technology safety practice that electric discharge PT is shnt capacitor in transformer station, and the operating voltage of discharge PT and capacitor is identical, therefore the technical scheme that the present invention gathers this group electric capacity operating voltage by installing voltage measurement unit additional at the secondary output terminal of every group capacitor electric discharge PT solves with organizing capacitance voltage very dexterously, electric current co-located grab sampling problem, and in prior art, usually select the output of bus PT, obviously the same position grab sampling of equipment under test electric current and its operating voltage distributed with remote multiple spot can not be realized.
5, the present invention utilizes the measurement data of wireless mode to power capacitor to transmit, and avoids other multioutlet on high-voltage capacitance equipment to the full extent, does not affect the insulating property of equipment under test because of increase checking equipment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the compensation condenser group structural representation of certain 500KV transformer station.
Fig. 2 is embodiments of the invention, utilize base station to A in Fig. 1, between B 2,5 are carried out the system architecture schematic diagram (wherein I1, I2, I3, I4, I5 are respectively the current measuring unit installed additional in electric capacity C1, C11, C12, C13, C14 high-pressure side correspondence, and V1 is the voltage measurement unit installed additional at this group capacitor discharge PT secondary side output terminal) of on-line monitoring with group shnt capacitor.
Fig. 3 is embodiments of the invention to the workflow diagram that between A, B in Fig. 12,5 are carried out on-line monitoring with group shnt capacitor.
Fig. 4 is the schematic block circuit diagram of embodiments of the invention current measuring unit.
Fig. 5 is the schematic block circuit diagram of embodiments of the invention voltage measurement unit.
Fig. 6 is the schematic block circuit diagram of embodiments of the invention monitoring base station.
Fig. 7 is the workflow diagram of monitoring base station computing machine in the present invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the compensation condenser group structural representation of certain 500KV transformer station.Only draw A phase building-out capacitor in figure, B phase, C phase compensation capacitance structure are identical with A phase, A phase electric capacity 40, therefore three-phase building-out capacitor totally 120.A phase high side voltage is 35KV, there are 5 column capacitances in left side, for right several first row, because power capacitor directly connects with transmission line of electricity, be in A, B 2 measured capacitance are all in high pressure conditions (except E point) over the ground, based on the consideration of insulation safety, we can not receive voltage signal wired mode and be on the current measuring unit of high pressure conditions, and be that the measurement result ensureing to draw after FFT (Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)) calculates is stablized, each sampling must meet carries out co-located grab sampling from electric capacity position to its operating voltage and working current, for solving the problem, the invention discloses a kind of transformer substation capacitor on-line monitoring method based on wireless mode, the on-line monitoring of electric capacity to converting station electric power compensation condenser group electric capacity and dielectric loss can be realized, its core is: co-located, the working current of each electric capacity of synchronized sampling and operating voltage, wireless mode is adopted to realize synchronous sampling control and transmit measurement data, computing machine is utilized to complete data processing and fault analysis alarm, mainly comprise the following steps:
1) in the high-pressure side of every electric capacity, self powered current measuring unit is installed in design additional, obtains the working current of each electric capacity and is wirelessly transmitted to the monitoring base station being positioned at transformer station;
2) select the secondary side output terminal of the electric discharge PT at each group shunt capacitance to install self-powered voltage measurement unit additional, obtain the fixed point operating voltage of each group of electric capacity and be wirelessly transmitted to the monitoring base station being positioned at transformer station;
3) each voltage, current measuring unit start synchronized sampling after receiving the Collect conversion order of base station radio transmission immediately;
4) monitoring base station is set in transformer station, built-in computer and wireless module: 1. send capacitance voltage, current synchronization sampling starts conversion command, 2. measurement data is received and storage administration, 3. utilize spectrum analysis to calculate electric capacity and the dielectric loss of every electric capacity, 4. result of calculation is sent to remote monitoring center monitoring host computer;
5) remote monitoring center monitoring host computer receives electrical substation monitoring base station data, same capacitance data is carried out to historical comparison, carried out transverse direction and longitudinally contrast respectively with group capacitance data, after the variable quantity of comprehensive assessment capacitive insulation parameter, capacitor variable quantity being greater than to certain value proposes fault warning.
For the on-line checkingi of power capacitor, the mainly measurement of capacity and dielectric loss.Technical scheme of the present invention utilizes Spectral Analysis Method of the prior art and FFT (fast fourier transform) algorithm to calculate the first-harmonic and harmonic component decomposited in voltage, electric current, on the basis calculating voltage fundamental, current first harmonics and phase differential thereof, carry out the calculating of each condenser capacity and dielectric loss value.
Fig. 2, for adopting said method, realizes A in Fig. 1, and between B 2,5 are carried out the system architecture schematic diagram of the embodiments of the invention of on-line monitoring with group shnt capacitor.Wherein I1, I2, I3, I4, I5 are respectively the current measuring unit installed additional in electric capacity C1, C11, C12, C13, C14 high-pressure side correspondence, and V1 is the voltage measurement unit installed additional at this group capacitor discharge PT secondary side output terminal.Wherein:
1) current measuring unit I1, I2, I3, I4, I5: comprise punching small area analysis CT, the microprocessor being with A/D conversion, supply module and wireless module respectively; Described punching small area analysis CT is socketed on the wire of electric capacity C1, C11, C12, C13, C14 high-pressure side respectively for coupling capacitance working current, its two-way exports a road and is connected to microprocessor A/D conversion inputs for current sample, another road is connected to and exports electric energy after supply module carries out rectifying and wave-filtering voltage stabilizing and power, after described microprocessor receives synchronized sampling startup conversion command by wireless module, the input end of starting current sampling immediately A/D changes, and the current data of acquisition is sent to monitoring base station by wireless module;
2) voltage measurement unit V1: the secondary side output terminal being installed in capacitor set discharge PT1, comprises the microprocessor of band A/D conversion, power module and wireless module; Secondary side output terminal one tunnel of electric discharge PT1 is connected to microprocessor A/D conversion inputs for voltage sample, another road is connected to and exports electric energy after power module carries out rectifying and wave-filtering voltage stabilizing and power, after described microprocessor receives synchronized sampling startup conversion command by wireless module, the input end of trigger voltage sampling immediately A/D changes, and the voltage data of acquisition is sent to monitoring base station by wireless module;
3) monitoring base station: arrange on the spot in transformer station, built-inly at least comprise computing machine and wireless module, computing machine sends voltage by wireless module to current measuring unit and voltage measurement unit, current synchronization sampling starts conversion command and receive, store and management measurement data; Based on institute's image data, computing machine utilizes spectrum analysis calculate the electric capacity of every electric capacity and dielectric loss and result of calculation is sent to remote monitoring center; In an embodiment of the present invention, monitoring base station also includes a fixed phase module, for reading the zero crossing of any phase industrial frequency AC signal in three-phase alternating current reference voltage in transformer station as the moment that base station sends voltage, current synchronization sampling starts conversion command; Further, monitoring base station computing machine also comprises an interface module, comprises the wired RS485 interface of configuration, optical fiber interface or configuration wireless GPRS mixed-media network modules mixed-media, for the transmission of result of calculation.
4) remote monitoring center (not shown in FIG.): comprise monitoring host computer, receive electrical substation monitoring base station data by optical fiber or the built-in GPRS network module of monitoring host computer and utilize ORACLE database software archive management, utilizing B/S (Browser/Server) pattern to realize long-range historical data and fault diagnosis result inquiry, warning function.The diagnosis of Capacitor banks fault adopts to be carried out historical comparison to same capacitance data, carries out transverse direction and longitudinally contrast respectively with group capacitance data, and after the variable quantity of comprehensive assessment capacitive insulation parameter, capacitor variable quantity being greater than to certain value proposes fault warning.
With reference to figure 3 embodiments of the invention between A, B in Fig. 125 carry out the workflow of on-line monitoring with group shnt capacitor, mainly comprise the following steps:
Step 101: monitoring base station computing machine sends capacitance voltage by wireless module, current synchronization sampling starts conversion command;
Step 102: the self-powered current measuring unit that capacitor high voltage side installs additional starts synchronized sampling after receiving the Collect conversion order of base station radio transmission immediately, obtains the working current of each electric capacity and is wirelessly transmitted to monitoring base station;
Step 103: the self-powered voltage measurement unit that capacitor discharge PT secondary side output terminal installs additional starts synchronized sampling after receiving the Collect conversion order of base station radio transmission immediately, obtains the fixed point operating voltage of each group of electric capacity and is wirelessly transmitted to monitoring base station;
Step 104: monitoring base station computing machine is by wireless module receiver voltage, current measurement data storage administration;
Step 105: monitoring base station computing machine utilizes spectrum analysis calculate the electric capacity of every electric capacity and dielectric loss and result of calculation is sent to remote monitoring center monitoring host computer;
Step 106: remote monitoring center monitoring host computer receives electrical substation monitoring base station data, same capacitance data is carried out to historical comparison, carried out transverse direction and longitudinally contrast respectively with group capacitance data, after the variable quantity of comprehensive assessment capacitive insulation parameter, capacitor variable quantity being greater than to certain value proposes fault warning.
With reference to the schematic block circuit diagram of figure 4 embodiment of the present invention current measuring unit, current measuring unit comprises punching small area analysis CT, band A/D changes microprocessor, supply module and wireless module; Punching small area analysis CT is socketed on the wire of capacitor high voltage side for coupling capacitance working current, its two-way exports after a road utilizes prior art to carry out amplification and filtering process and is connected to microprocessor A/D conversion inputs for current sample, and another road is connected to and exports electric energy after supply module carries out rectification, filtering, voltage stabilizing process is that current measuring unit is powered.In actual use, A/D conversion chip can adopt AD976CN, chip speed 100KHz, has high acquisition rate and high-resolution, can meet the requirement of picking rate and acquisition precision.Cpu chip can adopt 89C51 chip, be connected with RAM, the initial synchronized sampling that first receives in each sampling period starts conversion command and sampling rate, then the input end of starting current sampling immediately A/D conversion, complete the sampling number in a cycle according to the sampling rate that CPU is given and A/D chip is obtained sampled value stored in RAM, when after the data having gathered a power frequency period, data in RAM are sent monitoring base station by wireless module, and wireless module can select the bluetooth module of commercially available 2.4GHz frequency range.
In the present embodiment, punching small area analysis CT is socketed on the wire of capacitor high voltage side and all adopts prior art for coupling capacitance working current and output for electric flux.Wherein punching small area analysis CT can adopt sieve can Paderewski sensing coil, being made into a winding is as required that core-theaded type can bear tested electric current and corresponding requirements, the iron core good by the wide load characteristic of high sensitivity exports the micro-current signal of mA grade standard adapting to measure needs at secondary, it is highly sensitive when the magnetic core of micro electric flow sensor selects the material of adaptation to ensure small area analysis according to the characteristic of measured signal, exceed when measuring range of current and there is saturation characteristic, failure propagation when avoiding excess current, its secondary output formation geometric ratio is input to microprocessor A/D conversion inputs in the secondary current i of measured current I and carries out signal transacting and A/D conversion, the ratio of I/i sets in the cpu chip of microprocessor.Described supply module takes out needs electric energy after completing rectification to punching small area analysis CT output current, filtering, voltage stabilizing process meets the continuous working of microprocessor and wireless module.In Practical Project, because power capacitor directly connects with transmission line of electricity, for reducing the quantities of installing in work progress, punching small area analysis CT also can adopt Open Type Electric Current Mutual Inductor (such as split core type current transformer).
With reference to the schematic block circuit diagram of figure 5 embodiment of the present invention voltage measurement unit, voltage measurement unit V1 is installed in the secondary side output terminal of capacitor set discharge PT1, comprises the microprocessor of band A/D conversion, power module and wireless module; The secondary side output terminal of electric discharge PT1 outputs signal that a road utilizes prior art to carry out isolating, amplifies, be connected to microprocessor A/D conversion inputs for voltage sample after filtering process, and another road is connected to and exports electric energy after power module carries out overvoltage protection and voltage stabilizing process and power; The electric discharge secondary side output end voltage v of PT1 and the no-load voltage ratio V/v of tested voltage V sets in the cpu chip of microprocessor, in actual use, A/D conversion chip can adopt AD976CN, chip speed 100KHz, there is high acquisition rate and high-resolution, the requirement of picking rate and acquisition precision can be met; Cpu chip can adopt 89C51 chip, be connected with RAM, the initial synchronized sampling that first receives in each sampling period starts conversion command and sampling rate, then the input end of trigger voltage sampling immediately A/D conversion, complete the sampling number in a cycle according to the sampling rate of CPU setting and A/D chip is obtained sampled value stored in RAM, after often having gathered the data of a power frequency period, data in RAM are sent monitoring base station by wireless module, and wireless module can select the bluetooth module of commercially available 2.4GHz frequency range; Described power module completes the continuous working electric energy taking out needs after the overvoltage protection of secondary side output voltage of electric discharge PT1 and voltage stabilizing process being met to microprocessor and wireless module, adopts prior art.
With reference to the schematic block circuit diagram of figure 6 embodiments of the invention monitoring base station, monitoring base station comprises computing machine and wireless module, computing machine sends voltage by wireless module to current measuring unit and voltage measurement unit, current synchronization sampling starts conversion command and receive, store and management measurement data; Based on institute's image data, computing machine utilizes spectrum analysis calculate the electric capacity of every electric capacity and dielectric loss and result of calculation is sent to remote monitoring center.In the present embodiment, the computing machine of monitoring base station adopts FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) FPGA development board (integrated CPU, peripheral hardware, storer and I/O interface) as main hardware carrier, using microprocessor as Systematical control core, complete and the work frequency of ac reference voltage in transformer station is detected and realizes high-speed synchronous controlling of sampling, base station operation flow process is controlled and completes data receiver communication.Specifically comprise: fixed phase module, select altera corp EP1C6Q240C8 chip, FPGA plate is utilized to design phase-locking frequency multiplication circuit, to read in transformer station in three-phase alternating voltage any one carry out frequency measurement sampling as ac reference voltage and calculate the sampling rate in output cycle, to guarantee capacitance voltage, current signal meets FFT (Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)) require 2
nsampling number, the triggering mark of actual starting point of sampling using the zero crossing of industrial frequency AC signal as one-period power frequency, the moment that namely base station sends voltage, current synchronization sampling starts conversion command; Further, monitoring base station computing machine also comprises an interface module, comprises the wired RS485 interface of configuration, optical fiber interface or configuration wireless GPRS mixed-media network modules mixed-media, for result of calculation is sent to remote monitoring center by wired or wireless mode.
The present embodiment adopts and installs position concentratedly in substation compensation capacitor group and install monitoring base station additional in scene on the spot, short distance is utilized between base station and tested multiple electric capacity, low-power, the bluetooth module of 2.4GIIz frequency range (also can use 433MIIz, the wireless module of the free frequency range such as 866MIIz) complete capacitance voltage, the design proposal that current signal wireless synchronization gathers and data are transmitted, utilize continuous between measuring unit and base station of image data, safety, isolation transmission, cable is avoided to lay, both the insulation safety requirement of building-out capacitor high-voltage operation had been met, simultaneously as capacitance voltage, the relay reception repeater station of current signal, by adopting short distance digital transmission, substantially increase the reliability of data, experiment results proved, the stability of the present invention program's measurement result is better than and adopts GPS scheme.
Fig. 7 is the workflow diagram of monitoring base station computing machine in the present invention.
After system electrification initialization, self-inspection are passed through, first read transformer station's base station numbering and Capacitor banks sequence number, the packing for sampled data manages, then fixed phase module frequency measurement signal is read and calculating sampling speed, after industrial frequency AC signal zero crossing arrives, trigger and send sampling rate and voltage by wireless module, current synchronization sampling starts conversion command, voltage, current measuring unit starts sampling input end A/D conversion after receiving and starting conversion command, complete the sampling number in a cycle according to the sampling rate received and sampled value will be obtained stored in RAM, after often having gathered the data of a power frequency period, data in RAM are sent monitoring base station by wireless module, monitoring base station is by wireless module receiver voltage, current measurement data stored in database, continue reading database data, calculate the electric capacity of every electric capacity and dielectric loss and preserve into database, result of calculation is also sent to remote monitoring center monitoring host computer by last reading database data, thus complete once complete sampling process.
About remote monitoring center: comprise monitoring host computer, by wired mode as optical fiber or RS485 interface twisted-pair feeder, wireless mode receives electrical substation monitoring base station data as built-in GPRS network module and utilizes ORACLE database software archive management, utilize B/S (Browser/Server) pattern realize long-range historical data and fault diagnosis result inquiry, warning function, all adopt prior art, do not repeat.
Remote monitoring center monitoring host computer is to the fault diagnosis of electrical substation monitoring data: same capacitance data is carried out to historical comparison, carried out transverse direction and longitudinally contrast respectively with group capacitance data, after the variable quantity of comprehensive assessment capacitive insulation parameter, capacitor variable quantity being greater than to certain value proposes fault warning.
Be defined as example with Southern Power Grid Company " power equipment preventive trial code ", arranging capacitance fault warning condition is:
1) when C1≤0.95Cn timer sends out off-limit alarm.
2) when C1 >=1.1Cn timer sends out off-limit alarm.
3) 95%Cn < C1 < 1.1Cn timer does not send out off-limit alarm.
(wherein Cn is capacitance factory-said value, and C1 is capacitor sample value).
The present invention adopts short distance first, low-power, wireless communication technology completes the compensation condenser group capacitance voltage installed concentratedly transformer station, the transmission of the control that current signal wireless synchronization gathers and data, avoid cable to lay, greatly reduce difficulty and the system installation cost of construction, solve and install at the Capacitor banks of centralized arrangement the investment that network communication module and GPS module may bring in a large number additional, expense and powerup issue, achieve continuous between measuring unit and base station of image data, safety, isolation transmission, can monitoring capacitor operating condition continuously, and fault warning is proposed to abnormal electric capacity, ensure that the security of operation of converting station electric power system.
Claims (2)
1. the transformer substation capacitor on-line monitoring method based on wireless mode, the on-line monitoring of electric capacity to converting station electric power compensation condenser group electric capacity and dielectric loss can be realized, it is characterized in that, the working current of co-located, each electric capacity of synchronized sampling and operating voltage, adopt wireless mode realize synchronous sampling control and transmit measurement data, utilize computing machine to complete data processing and fault analysis alarm; Comprise the following steps:
1) in the high-pressure side of every electric capacity, self powered current measuring unit is installed in design additional, obtains the working current of each electric capacity and is wirelessly transmitted to the monitoring base station being positioned at transformer station;
2) select the secondary side output terminal of the electric discharge PT at each group shunt capacitance to install self-powered voltage measurement unit additional, obtain the fixed point operating voltage of each group of electric capacity and be wirelessly transmitted to the monitoring base station being positioned at transformer station;
3) each voltage, current measuring unit start synchronized sampling after receiving the Collect conversion order of base station radio transmission immediately;
4) monitoring base station is set in transformer station, built-in computer and wireless module: 1. send capacitance voltage, current synchronization sampling starts conversion command, 2. measurement data is received and storage administration, 3. utilize spectrum analysis to calculate electric capacity and the dielectric loss of every electric capacity, 4. result of calculation is sent to remote monitoring center monitoring host computer;
5) remote monitoring center monitoring host computer receives electrical substation monitoring base station data, same capacitance data is carried out to historical comparison, carried out transverse direction and longitudinally contrast respectively with group capacitance data, after the variable quantity of comprehensive assessment electric capacity and dielectric loss parameter, capacitor variable quantity being greater than to certain value proposes fault warning.
2. as claimed in claim 1 based on the transformer substation capacitor on-line monitoring method of wireless mode, described monitoring base station is also built-in with a fixed phase module, and the moment of base station transmission capacitance voltage, current synchronization sampling startup conversion command is the zero crossing of industrial frequency AC signal in fixed phase module.
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