CN102679812A - Laser diffraction type multi-system axis parallelism detecting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser diffraction type multi-system axis parallelism detecting device. The laser diffraction type multi-system axis parallelism detecting device is mainly characterized in that laser beams capable of being detected by a television detector, such as red laser and green laser, are transmitted, the laser beams are changed into parallel light after passing through a beam expanding and collimating lens, and then enter a diffraction grating device to be diffracted, diffraction laser beams with fixed diffraction angles are formed, wherein the direction of zero-level diffraction laser is identical to that of the axis of a gun barrel, the diffraction laser beams are projected to a distant non-cooperative reflecting screen via a varifocus lens system to form a diffraction image, and the focal length of the varifocus lens system is adjusted so that the diffraction image on the non-cooperative reflecting screen is clear. The diffraction image enters a view field of a radar/photoelectric television observation device via diffuse reflection to image, an angle between the diffraction image and an electric cross reference is calculated from the image, and errors of axis parallelism between a gum and radar/photoelectricity are determined from a known fixed diffraction angle and the angle between the diffraction image and the electric cross reference according to a geometrical relationship. The laser diffraction type multi-system axis parallelism detecting device has the advantages that the device is not limited by distances of baselines among platforms during usage, and can be used for detecting the axis parallelism of a plurality of devices simultaneously.

Description

Laser diffraction formula multisystem parallel axes property checkout gear

Technical field

The invention belongs to the photoelectricity test technical field, relate in particular to and detect a kind of photoelectricity test instrument that cannon and radar/photoelectricity etc. in the cannon armament systems are observed parallel axes property between the tracking equipment.

Technical background

Along with the development of automatic control technology and photoelectric technology, modern self-propelled gun armament systems have been equipped with tracking radar/photoelectronic collimating device fire control system.Tracking radar/photoelectronic collimating device can found and catch target more at a distance and accurately confirm the target bearing; In time target information is passed to the cannon servomechanism; Drive the cannon rotational orientation through servomechanism; Regulate the angle of pitch, implement shooting, improved the accuracy at target of fire accuracy and cannon.And the precision that the collimation of axis has determined radar/photoelectricity to offer the target information of cannon between radar/photoelectricity and the cannon is one of most important condition that guarantees fire accuracy and accuracy at target.Therefore to the collimation of axis between cannon, tracking radar, the photoelectronic collimating device be detected, calibrate,, satisfy the operation needs to guarantee the fire accuracy of cannon armament systems.

A kind of method that detects the parallel axes property between cannon, tracking radar, photoelectronic collimating device at present is to set up a target plate a long way off; Mark each cross graduation mark on the target plate; The centre distance of each cross graduation mark is the parallax range between cannon, radar, the photoelectricity; Through tested TV detector or finder telescope observation target plate, aiming cross graduation mark just can be obtained collimation error between each axis.Yet the weak point of this method is requirement tested device platform and target plate must be to keep static, like this could steady aim.In addition, this method can only be used for the measurement to parallel axes property between the specific equipment, and when the parallax range between equipment changed, this method just can not be used, and when parallax range was long, it was also unrealistic to set up so big target plate.Another kind method is " taking aim at star " method, and at the night of sunny weather, cannon, tracking radar, photoelectronic collimating device aim at remote same star (Polaris) simultaneously and carry out collimation inspection and demarcation.This method is particularly useful for the bigger Axis Consistency of multisystem parallax range and demarcates; For example fire control radar, photoelectronic tracking device are installed on the mast and cannon is installed the Axis Consistency of separate type above deck and demarcated; And the consistent situation such as demarcate with the naval vessel fore and aft line of the zero-bit of each system on the naval vessel, and stated accuracy is than higher.But also there is weak point in this method, and it must be static promptly requiring tested equipment platform, because Polaris is motionless, rocks if platform waves, and just cannot aim at.Especially for the naval vessel platform, be the very very difficult thing of part with " taking aim at star " method, generally will calm, also must be can carry out under the condition that weather is good, visibility is high.Sometimes in order to guarantee " taking aim at star " precision, drive the naval vessel into dock, this is the thing that relatively wastes time and energy.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem that the present invention will solve is, provide a kind of can be on ground, defence area, harbour, naval vessel to the photoelectric detection system of parallel axes property detection between cannon, the tracking radar/photoelectric tracking equipment in the multisystem especially cannon armament systems.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention includes a laser diffraction optical transmitting set, at least one road video capture circuit and image data processing module.Said laser diffraction optical transmitting set assigns in the gun tube of cannon; Represent cannon barrel axis direction, using can be that ruddiness, green glow etc. can be by the laser of TV detector detection as light sources, the emission laser beam; Laser beam becomes directional light behind the beam-expanding collimation lens; Get into diffraction grating device generation diffraction then, produce the diffracted beam at fixed diffraction angle, wherein the direction of Zero-order diffractive laser is consistent with the axis direction of cannon gun tube; Diffracted beam is gone up the formation diffraction image through the non-synergic reflex screen that the Zoom lens group projects at a distance, and adjustment Zoom lens group focal length makes the diffraction image on the non-synergic reflex screen clear.Radiation shield can be to build non-cooperative objects such as thing, billboard or large-scale water surface naval vessels.Diffraction image forms images in diffuse reflection gets into the visual field of TV observation device of radar/photoelectricity; The optical axis of TV observation device has been represented the axis of radar/photoelectricity; Television image becomes data image signal through video capture circuit; From this data image signal, calculate several numbers of picture between diffraction image and the TV electricity cross; The optical axis of TV observation device represented in the electricity cross, how much is exactly the angle of diffraction image and electric cross as what count, confirms parallel axes property error between cannon and the radar/photoelectricity from the angle of known fixed diffraction angle and diffraction image and electric cross benchmark through geometrical relationship.Said laser diffraction optical transmitting set includes lasing light emitter, beam-expanding collimation lens, diffraction grating device, Zoom lens group.Lasing light emitter can be that ruddiness, green glow etc. can be by the light sources of TV detector detection.Laser beam becomes directional light behind the beam-expanding collimation lens, get into diffraction grating device generation diffraction then, and after the Zoom lens group projects to non-cooperation screen back and forms diffraction image, adjustment variable lens groups focal length makes the diffraction image on the radiation shield clear.

Use of the present invention does not receive the restriction of parallax range between platform; Parallax range can be the synthesis structure of one like cannon, radar/photoelectricity very closely; Also can be far as cannon above deck, the isolating construction of radar/photoelectricity on mast; Need not install, debug, can carry out the detection of parallel axes property whenever and wherever possible fast.Need not the naval vessel be reached dock, tank reaches on the testboard, as long as around have suitable reflecting object to detect to axis.Using the nearest measuring distance of wanting required for the present invention is to let the diffraction image on the radiation shield get into the TV detector field of view, and it is clear to form images, fuzzy; As long as measuring distance is the non-synergic reflex screen that can let the TV detector detect diffraction image and suitable area is arranged farthest.Use the present invention also can detect the parallel axes property between a plurality of equipments simultaneously; As long as increase the multiplex image acquisition circuit, the angle-data that each image capture module is collected carries out data and just can obtain the parallel axes property between a plurality of equipments.

Description of drawings

Do to describe in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing specific embodiments of the invention.

Fig. 1 is a principle of the invention sketch map.

Fig. 2 is that laser diffraction optical transmitting set of the present invention constitutes sketch map.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment the present invention is made further detailed description.

Fig. 1 is a principle of the invention sketch map, is θ from installing 1 emission angle ₀Two bundle laser 10,11, wherein the direction of laser beam 10 represent platform A1 axis 5, two bundle laser projections to the radiation shield 4 of distance for D place, form bright spot 8,9, be reflected shield diffuse reflection after, formed images by the detection of the TV observation device on the platform A2.The parallax range of platform A1 and platform A2 is H.The axial location of TV detector, the reference center when also being measurement have been represented in TV electricity cross position.When platform A1 was parallel with platform A2, axis was that electric cross is 6, when not parallel, supposed electric cross position 7, and there is Δ θ in axis when at this moment parallel 6 electric cross 7 of axis when not parallel, just parallel axes property error between platform A1 and the A2.With electric cross 7 is reference center, can try to achieve taking measurement of an angle of bright spot 9,8 and be θ ₁, θ ₂,, can calculate Δ θ according to geometrical relationship.

Wherein: place,

angle quadrant is by a, and meeting of b is definite.

$a=\frac{\mathrm{BC}+\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="AD"\; filenames="HSA00000445418800011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">AD</figure-callout>}}{2},$ $b=\frac{\mathrm{BD}-\mathrm{AC}}{2}-\frac{\mathrm{AD}-\mathrm{BC}}{E},$ $c=-\frac{\mathrm{AC}+\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="BD"\; filenames="HSA00000445418800011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">BD</figure-callout>}}{2}$

A＝sin(θ ₂)，B＝cos(θ ₂)，C＝sin(θ ₁)，D＝cos(θ ₁)，E＝tan(θ ₀)

Fig. 2 is a preferred embodiment of the present invention sketch map.Said laser diffraction optical transmitting set contains lasing light emitter 12, beam-expanding collimation lens 13, diffraction grating device 14, Zoom lens group 15.Said lasing light emitter 12 emission laser beams become directional light behind beam-expanding collimation lens 13, directional light gets into diffraction grating device 14 backs diffraction takes place, and the corresponding angle of diffraction of first-order diffraction is θ ₀, diffraction light forms diffraction fringe after Zoom lens group 15 projects to non-cooperation screen 4, and the focal length of adjustment Zoom lens group 15 makes the diffraction fringe on the radiation shield 4 clear.Can know that according to geometric optics the directional light of oblique incidence at a certain angle is converged to picture through lens, no matter how the focal length of lens changes, the direction of chief ray can not change, and this also is the precondition that the present invention sets up.Said lasing light emitter 12 can be that ruddiness, green glow etc. can be by the light sources of TV detection, and said diffraction grating device 14 is selected the circular ring diffraction grating device for use, said Zoom lens group 15 focal range 100m-1Km.

Below in conjunction with this preferred embodiment narration process of manipulating of the present invention.

When using present embodiment that artillery system is carried out the detection of parallel axes property, at first the laser diffraction optical transmitting set is inserted in the gun tube, the optical axis of laser diffraction optical transmitting set has just been represented barrel axis; Seek (100m-1Km) suitable radiation shield at a distance then, radiation shield can be a building, the naval vessel; Non-cooperative objects such as billboard after finding suitable radiation shield, are noted the orientation and the luffing angle data of cannon; Radar/photoelectric observation device is transferred to this position, launches laser diffraction light then, adjustment Zoom lens group; Make the diffraction fringe on the radiation shield clear; Through the radiation shield diffuse reflection, in the TV detector field of view of radar/photoelectricity this diffraction ring has appearred at this moment, note the zero level of diffraction ring picture and the θ that takes measurement of an angle that first order branch is clipped to electric cross or cross-graduation ₁, θ ₂, with this two angle values and first order diffraction angle ₀Just can calculate cannon axis and radar/photo electric axis line parallel property error.In order to reduce the inconsistent systematic error that produces of laser diffraction optical transmitting set optical axis and barrel axis; In use can the laser diffraction optical transmitting set be rotated 360 ° in gun tube; Measurement data during record different rotary angle is carried out statistical disposition; Just can systematic error be disappeared, improve certainty of measurement.

Though the present invention describes through exemplary device, the professional who is familiar with this field should be known under the situation of aim of the present invention, scope and claim, can add, deletes, changes and replace.

Claims (3)

1. a laser diffraction formula multisystem parallel axes property checkout gear is characterized in that: comprise laser diffraction optical transmitting set, image acquisition circuit plate, data processing module.Said laser diffraction optical transmitting set assigns in the cannon gun tube; Represent the cannon barrel axis; By said laser diffraction optical transmitting set emission diffraction light; Project to radiation shield at a distance, form images in the visual field of entering TV observation device after the screen diffuse reflection that is reflected, handle through said image acquisition circuit collection, said data processing module.

2. laser diffraction formula multisystem parallel axes property checkout gear according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said laser diffraction optical transmitting set comprises lasing light emitter, beam-expanding collimation lens, diffraction grating device, Zoom lens group.

3. according to claim 1,2 described laser diffraction formula multisystem parallel axes property checkout gears; It is characterized in that: said lasing light emitter can be ruddiness, green glow etc. can be by the visible light source of TV observation device detection; Said Zoom lens group focal range is 100m-1Km, and said diffraction grating device is a transmission-type circular ring diffraction grating.

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