CN102679435A - Solar heat-source tower heat pump composite heating device - Google Patents

Abstract

A solar heat source tower heat pump composite heating device includes a heat source tower heat pump heating system, a solar heat collector heating system, a phase change heat storage system, and a phase change heat supply system. The invention has the advantages of convenient installation, compact structure, high integration rate, wide application range, and can be widely used in various places requiring heat supply; the heat energy utilization rate is high, and the light-to-heat conversion is strong.

Description

A solar heat source tower heat pump composite heating device

technical field

The invention relates to a composite heating device that combines solar energy and air energy, which can simultaneously absorb solar energy and low-level air heat energy, store and utilize solar energy and absorb low-level air heat energy on sunny days, and simultaneously utilize solar energy and low-level air heat energy on cloudy days. Tower heat pump compound heating device.

Background technique

At present, boilers and various types of heat pumps are mainly used for heat preparation in domestic civil daily hot water supply, winter air-conditioning hot water supply, and industrial and agricultural daily heat supply (such as grain drying, clothing dry steaming, greenhouse warmth, etc.). However, the extensive use of coal-fired, oil-fired, and gas-fired boilers will inevitably emit a large amount of CO ₂ , nitrides, and sulfides to the environment, resulting in greenhouse effect and environmental pollution. Electric boilers have high energy consumption, low efficiency and poor economy. At the same time, with the shortage of various non-renewable petrochemical energy sources, the cost of using boilers is becoming increasingly high. All kinds of heat pumps (air source, water source, soil source heat pump, etc.) have their own defects: air source heat pump has low heat exchange efficiency in winter; water source heat pump has high requirements on water source environment; soil source heat pump has high initial investment and is limited by site conditions . These all restrict the widespread use of this type of heat pump.

Solar energy is a kind of renewable energy. The wind energy, water energy and fossil energy on the earth all come from solar energy fundamentally, and it is inexhaustible. China is rich in solar energy resources, more than 2/3 of the country's land area receives more than 2000 hours of sunshine annually, and the annual average radiation exceeds 60×10 ⁴ kJ/cm ² . Due to the inevitable shortcomings of solar energy itself, such as low energy flux density, the intensity cannot be maintained constant due to the influence of various factors (such as seasons, locations, climates, etc.), and the effective use of solar energy is greatly restricted. In order to meet the required heat in cloudy days and winter, a larger area of solar collectors is needed, so solar heating has not been widely applied and promoted.

As a new form of heat source supply, the heat source tower heat pump effectively utilizes the heat energy of the air. It absorbs the low-level heat energy of the air and the condensation heat (sensible heat and latent heat) of water vapor in the air to provide heat source for the system. The heat source tower is small in size, convenient in construction and installation, and has low requirements on the use environment. It can be widely and flexibly used in various places that require heating. However, the existing heat source towers have low heat exchange efficiency at night, insufficient heat exchange in winter, and need to use antifreeze during winter operation, which limits the popularization and use of heat source towers.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the heat exchange of the existing heat source tower itself, avoid the shortcomings of large volume and low efficiency of the solar collector, and provide a solar heat source tower heat pump composite power supply that can simultaneously utilize solar energy and low-level air heat energy. heat device.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a solar heat source tower heat pump composite heating device, including a heat source tower heat pump heating system, a solar collector heating system, a phase change heat storage system, a phase change heat supply system;

The heat source tower heat pump heating system includes a heat source tower, a medium circulation pump I and a heat pump unit. The heat source tower includes a body, a heat source tower heat exchanger, and an antifreeze spray system. The medium circulation pump I is installed at the entrance of the heat source side of the heat pump unit. On the main pipeline I, one end of the main pipeline I is connected to one end of the heat pump unit, and the other end of the main pipeline I passes through different branch pipelines and the outlet of the heat source tower heat exchanger, the outlet of the heat absorption pipe of the phase change heat storage tank and the solar heat collector The other end of the heat pump unit is connected to one end of the main pipe II, and the other end of the main pipe II passes through different branch pipes and the inlet of the heat exchanger of the heat source tower, the inlet of the heat absorption pipe of the phase change heat storage tank and the solar collector The inlet connection of the main pipeline II is installed on the branch pipeline connected with the inlet of the heat source tower heat exchanger, and the flow valve II is installed on the branch pipeline connected between the main pipeline I and the outlet of the heat source tower heat exchanger. Flow valve Ⅰ and flow valve Ⅱ are used to control the medium flow through the heat source tower heat exchanger;

The solar heat collector heating system includes a solar heat collector, a heat pump unit, and a medium circulation pump I. A flow valve III is installed on a branch pipe connecting the inlet of the solar heat collector to the main pipe II, and the outlet of the solar heat collector A flow valve Ⅳ is installed on the branch pipe connected to the main pipe Ⅰ, and the medium flow through the solar collector can be controlled through the flow valve Ⅲ and the flow valve Ⅳ;

The phase change heat storage system includes a solar heat collector, a phase change heat storage tank and a medium circulation pump II. The phase change heat storage tank is equipped with a heat absorbing tube, a heat storage tube and a phase change heat storage material. The solar heat collector The outlet is connected to the heat storage pipe inlet of the phase change heat storage tank through the secondary pipe I, the inlet of the solar collector is connected to the heat storage pipe outlet of the phase change heat storage tank through the secondary pipe II, and the medium circulation pump II is installed on the secondary pipe I. The flow valve V is installed on the secondary pipeline II, and the flow valve VI is installed on the secondary pipeline I. Through the flow valve V and the flow valve VI, the medium flow through the heat storage pipe of the phase change heat storage can be controlled;

The phase-change heat supply system includes a phase-change heat storage tank, a heat pump unit, and a medium circulation pump I. A flow valve VII is installed on a branch pipeline connected to the main pipeline II at the heat-absorbing pipe inlet of the phase-change heat storage tank. A flow valve Ⅷ is installed on the branch pipe connecting the outlet of the heat-absorbing pipe of the heat tank to the main pipe Ⅰ. Through the flow valve Ⅶ and the flow valve Ⅷ, the flow through the heat-absorbing pipe of the phase-change heat storage tank can be controlled.

Further, the heat source tower heat pump heating system also includes a frequency conversion fan, and the frequency conversion fan is horizontally installed in the vertical air cylinder on the upper part of the heat source tower.

Further, the antifreeze spray system is composed of a solution pool, a filter concentrator, an antifreeze circulation pump, and an antifreeze nozzle. The solution pool is located inside the heat source tower body and below the heat exchanger of the heat source tower. The filter concentrator is located under the solution pool. Filtration and concentration The machine is connected to the solution pool through pipelines. The antifreeze circulation pump is located under the solution pool and on the side of the filter concentrator. The antifreeze circulation pump is connected to the filter concentrator through pipelines. The antifreeze nozzle is installed on the horizontal pipeline above the heat exchanger of the heat source tower. , The antifreeze nozzle is connected with the antifreeze circulation pump through the pipeline.

In the case of high solar radiation, the present invention directly absorbs solar light energy and converts it into heat energy through the solar heat collector, part of which is directly used as the heat source of the system, and the other part is stored in the phase change heat storage tank as a supplement to the system heat when the solar radiation is low At the same time, the low-level heat energy in the air is absorbed by the heat source tower heat exchanger (that is, the low-temperature circulating medium flowing out of the heat pump unit flows in the heat source tower heat exchanger pipe, and is exchanged with the high-temperature and high-humidity air flowing outside the heat exchanger. Heat, on the one hand, direct heat exchange absorbs the sensible heat in the high-temperature and high-humidity air, on the other hand, absorbs the latent heat of vaporization emitted by the condensation of water vapor in the high-temperature and high-humidity air, and the heat absorbed by the heat source tower heat exchanger is the sum of the two ), together with the absorbed solar heat, is supplied to the system as a heat source. Using the present invention can absorb solar thermal energy and air thermal energy at the same time, effectively avoiding the defects and deficiencies of solar heat collectors and heat source towers, greatly improving the absorption utilization rate of solar energy and the working efficiency of heat source towers, without creating any environment It provides a reliable and stable heat source for various heat energy utilization places while reducing pollution.

The present invention combines solar heat collectors with heat source towers, heat pumps, and phase-change heat storage tanks, and simultaneously absorbs and utilizes solar energy and air heat energy. Compared with existing independent solar heating systems and heat source tower heat pump systems, the present invention can Reducing the area of solar collectors and improving the heat pump efficiency of the heat source tower can reduce the use of fossil fuel boilers and the utilization of electric boilers, and finally realize pollution-free and electricity-free heating.

The invention has the advantages of convenient installation, compact structure, high integration rate and wide application range, and can be widely used in various places that need heat supply; it has high thermal energy utilization rate, strong light-to-heat conversion, and high comprehensive economic index, and can be used according to the external climate conditions. Different heat sources are automatically switched to maximize heating efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a solar heat source tower heat pump composite heating device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 schematic diagram of connection of pipeline system of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the phase change heat storage tank of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, this embodiment includes a heat source tower heat pump heating system, a solar collector heating system, a phase change heat storage system, and a phase change heating system;

The heat source tower heat pump heating system S1 includes a heat source tower, a medium circulation pump IP1 and a heat pump unit F1. The heat source tower includes a body T, a heat source tower heat exchanger F6, an antifreeze spray system, and a frequency conversion fan F2. The medium circulation pump IP1 is installed On the main pipeline IL1 at the inlet of the heat source side of the heat pump unit F1, one end of the main pipeline IL1 is connected to one end of the heat pump unit F1, and the other end of the main pipeline IL1 passes through different branch pipelines and the outlet G2 of the heat source tower heat exchanger F6, phase change The heat-absorbing pipe outlet G8 of the heat storage tank F4 is connected to the outlet G4 of the solar collector F3, and the other end of the heat pump unit F1 is connected to one end of the main pipe II L1′, and the other end of the main pipe II L1′ exchanges heat with the heat source tower through different branch pipes respectively. The inlet G1 of the device F6, the inlet G7 of the heat-absorbing pipe of the phase change heat storage tank F4, and the inlet G3 of the solar collector F3 are connected; it is installed on the branch pipe connecting the main pipeline ⅡL1′ with the inlet G1 of the heat source tower heat exchanger F6 There is a flow valve IV1, and a flow valve IIV1' is installed on the branch pipeline connecting the main pipeline IL1 and the outlet G2 of the heat source tower heat exchanger F6. The flow valve IV1 and flow valve IIV1' are used to control the flow through the heat source tower heat exchanger F6 Medium flow rate; antifreeze spray system is composed of solution pool R, filter concentrator N, antifreeze circulation pump B, antifreeze nozzle Z, solution pool R is located inside the heat source tower body T, below the heat source tower heat exchanger F6, and is filtered and concentrated The machine N is located under the solution pool R, the filter concentrator N is connected to the solution pool R through a pipeline, the antifreeze circulation pump B is located under the solution pool R, and on the side of the filter concentrator N, and the antifreeze circulation pump B is connected to the filter concentrator N through a pipeline The antifreeze nozzle Z is installed on the horizontal pipe above the heat source tower heat exchanger F6, and the antifreeze nozzle Z is connected to the antifreeze circulation pump B through the pipe; the frequency conversion fan F2 is horizontally installed in the vertical air duct K on the upper part of the heat source tower.

The solar heat collector heating system S2 includes a solar heat collector F3, a heat pump unit F1, and a medium circulation pump IP1, and a flow valve IIIV2 is installed on a branch pipe connecting the inlet G3 of the solar heat collector F3 to the main pipe II L1′, A flow valve ⅣV2′ is installed on the branch pipe connecting the outlet G4 of the solar collector F3 to the main pipe ⅠL1, and the medium flow through the solar collector F3 can be controlled through the flow valve ⅢV2 and the flow valve ⅣV2′;

The phase-change heat storage system S3 includes a solar heat collector F3, a phase-change heat storage tank F4, and a medium circulation pump IIP2. The phase-change heat storage tank F4 is equipped with a heat absorption tube F4-1, a heat storage tube F4-2, and a phase change heat storage tank F4. The variable heat storage material F4-3, the outlet G4 of the solar heat collector F3 is connected with the heat storage pipe inlet G5 of the phase change heat storage tank F4 through the secondary pipeline IL2, the inlet G3 of the solar heat collector F3 is connected with the phase change heat storage tank F4 The outlet G6 of the heat storage pipe is connected through the secondary pipeline IIL2', the medium circulation pump IIP2 is installed on the secondary pipeline IL2, the flow valve ⅤV3 is installed on the secondary pipeline IIL2', and the flow valve ⅥV3' is installed on the secondary pipeline ⅠL2, through the flow valve ⅤV3 and the flow rate Valve VIV3' can control the medium flow through the heat storage pipe of the phase change heat storage F4;

The phase-change heat supply system S4 includes a phase-change heat storage tank F4, a heat pump unit F1, and a medium circulation pump IP1. The inlet G7 of the heat-absorbing pipe of the phase-change heat storage tank F4 is connected to the main pipeline IIL1′ with a flow rate Valve VIIV4, the outlet G8 of the heat-absorbing pipe of the phase-change heat storage tank F4 is connected with the main pipeline IL1. A flow valve ⅧV4′ is installed on the branch pipe connected to the main pipe ⅧV4′. Through the flow valve VIIV4 and the flow valve ⅧV4′, the flow through the phase-change heat storage tank F4 can be controlled. The flow rate of the absorber tube.

When the solar radiation is strong, open flow valve ⅠV1, flow valve ⅡV1′, flow valve ⅢV2 and flow valve ⅣV2′, close flow valve ⅤV3, flow valve ⅥV3′, flow valve ⅦV4 and flow valve ⅧV4′; the heat exchange medium flows through the solar collector Heater F3 and heat source tower heat exchanger F6 absorb heat in the solar heat collector F3 and heat source tower heat exchanger F6, and the temperature rises. After being pressurized by the medium circulation pump IP1, it enters the heat pump unit F1 and transfers low-level heat energy to the heat pump unit. After F1, it enters the solar heat collector F3 and the heat source tower heat exchanger F6 again for circulation. At this time, the heat source tower heat pump heating system S1 and the solar collector heating system S2 work simultaneously to supply heat. When the temperature of the medium in the solar collector F3 exceeds 55°C, reduce the speed of the frequency conversion fan F2 of the heat source tower, and adjust the flow valve ⅠV1 and flow valve ⅡV1′ to reduce the medium flow of the heat source tower heat exchanger; adjust the flow valve ⅢV2 and the flow valve ⅣV2', in order to increase the medium flow rate of the solar collector. At this time, the solar thermal collector F3 heating system plays a leading role. When the temperature of the medium in the solar collector F3 exceeds 65°C, the flow valve IV1, flow valve IIV1′ and the frequency conversion fan F2 of the heat source tower are closed, and the heat of the system is provided by the solar collector heating system S2.

When the solar radiation is normal, open flow valve ⅠV1, flow valve ⅡV1′, flow valve ⅦV4 and flow valve ⅧV4′, and close flow valve ⅢV2, flow valve ⅣV2′, flow valve ⅤV3 and flow valve ⅥV3′. The heat exchange medium absorbs the heat in the air low-temperature heat source in the heat source tower and supplies it to the heat pump unit F1. At the same time, another part of the heat exchange medium absorbs heat in the solar collector F3 under the action of the medium circulation pump II P2 and the temperature rises. Enter the phase change heat storage tank F4 to store the heat. At this time, the heat source tower heat pump heating system S1 and the phase change heat storage system S3 work simultaneously. When the temperature of the phase change material in the phase change heat storage tank F4 rises to 45°C, the flow valve ⅤV3 and the flow valve ⅥV3′ are opened, and part of the heat exchange medium flows through the phase change heat storage tank F4 to absorb the heat of the phase change heat storage material. The phase change heating system S4 starts to work simultaneously with the heat source tower heat pump heating system S1. When the temperature of the heat exchange medium flowing out of the phase change heat storage tank is lower than 32°C, the flow valve ⅤV3 and the flow valve ⅥV3' are closed, and the phase change heat storage is carried out again.

When the solar radiation is weak, open flow valve ⅠV1, flow valve ⅡV1′, flow valve ⅤV3 and flow valve ⅥV3′, close flow valve ⅢV2, flow valve ⅣV2′, flow valve ⅦV4 and flow valve ⅧV4′, the heat absorbed by heat pump unit F1 All provided by the heat source tower. Part of the heat exchange medium self-circulates between the solar collector F3 and the phase change heat storage tank F4, and transfers heat to the phase change material. At this time, the heat source tower heat pump heating system S1 and the phase change heat storage system S3 operate simultaneously. the

Claims (3)

1. the compound heating plant of solar source tower heat pump is characterized in that, comprises heat source tower heat pump heating system, solar heat collector to supply heat system, phase-change thermal storage system, phase-change heat distribution system;

Said heat source tower heat pump heating system comprises thermal source tower, medium circulation pump I and source pump; The thermal source tower comprises body, thermal source tower heat exchanger, anti-icing fluid spray system; Medium circulation pump I is installed on the trunk line I of source pump heat source side porch; Said trunk line I one end is connected with source pump one end; The trunk line I other end is connected with the outlet of solar thermal collector with the outlet of thermal source tower heat exchanger, the endothermic tube outlet of phase-change heat storage can through different laterals respectively; The source pump other end is connected with trunk line II one end, and the trunk line II other end is connected with the import of thermal source tower heat exchanger, the endothermic tube import of phase-change heat storage can and the import of solar thermal collector through different laterals respectively; On trunk line II and lateral that the import of thermal source tower heat exchanger links to each other, the flow valve I is installed; On trunk line I and lateral that the outlet of thermal source tower heat exchanger links to each other, the flow valve II is installed, flow valve I and flow valve II are used to control the rate-of flow through thermal source tower heat exchanger;

Said solar heat collector to supply heat system comprises solar thermal collector and source pump, medium circulation pump I; On the import of solar thermal collector and the lateral that the trunk line II links to each other the flow valve III is installed, on the outlet of solar thermal collector and the lateral that the trunk line I links to each other the flow valve IV is installed;

Said phase-change thermal storage system comprises solar thermal collector, phase-change heat storage can and medium circulation pump II; Phase-change heat storage can inside is provided with endothermic tube, heat storage tube and phase-change heat-storage material; The outlet of solar thermal collector links to each other with the heat storage tube inlet of phase-change heat storage can through time pipeline I; The inlet of solar thermal collector links to each other through time pipeline II with the outlet of the heat storage tube of phase-change heat storage can; Medium circulation pump II is installed on time pipeline I, and the flow valve V is installed on time pipeline II, and the flow valve VI is installed on time pipeline I;

Said phase-change heat distribution system comprises phase-change heat storage can, source pump, medium circulation pump I; On the endothermic tube import of phase-change heat storage can and the lateral that the trunk line II links to each other the flow valve VII is installed, on the endothermic tube outlet of phase-change heat storage can and the lateral that the trunk line I links to each other the flow valve VIII is installed.

2. the compound heating plant of solar source tower heat pump according to claim 1 is characterized in that said heat source tower heat pump heating system also comprises frequency conversion fan, and the frequency conversion fan level is installed in the vertical air duct on thermal source tower top.

3. the compound heating plant of solar source tower heat pump according to claim 1 and 2; It is characterized in that the anti-icing fluid spray system is made up of solution pool, filter thickener, anti-icing fluid circulating pump, anti-icing fluid nozzle, solution pool is positioned at thermal source tower internal body, thermal source tower heat exchanger below; Filter thickener is positioned at the solution pool below; Filter thickener links to each other with solution pool through pipeline, and the anti-icing fluid circulating pump is positioned at solution pool below, filter thickener one side, and the anti-icing fluid circulating pump links to each other with filter thickener through pipeline; The anti-icing fluid nozzle is installed on the horizontal pipe of thermal source tower heat exchanger top, and the anti-icing fluid nozzle links to each other with the anti-icing fluid circulating pump through pipeline.

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