CN102679401A - Asymmetric preheating combustion chamber - Google Patents

Abstract

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of asymmetrical preheating combustor, comprise combustor outer wall, combustor bottom, preheating pipe, fuel inlet wall, preheating pipe is installed in the combustor outer wall, preheating pipe and fuel inlet wall and Part of the outer wall of the combustion chamber constitutes a combustion zone, and the fuel inlet wall, the rest of the outer wall of the combustion chamber and the bottom of the combustion chamber form a fuel mixing chamber. The present invention adopts an asymmetric combustion chamber structure, air enters the combustion zone through a tangential inlet, and the flame is stabilized by a tangential swirling flow, and the high temperature zone of the flame is located around the central axis. The preheating pipeline is arranged at the central axis of the combustion chamber to increase the initial temperature of the fuel and improve the combustion efficiency. Through the two technologies of asymmetry and preheating, the purpose of reducing emissions and improving combustion efficiency can be achieved.

Description

An asymmetric preheating combustion chamber

technical field

The present invention relates to a gas turbine, in particular to a combustion chamber of the gas turbine.

Background technique

Energy is the material basis of human activities. The United Nations Climate Change Conference held in Copenhagen in 2009 made the world realize that energy issues are crucial to environmental protection. The energy industry, especially the traditional fossil energy industry, has a great impact on the environment. Although with the continuous progress of energy technology, a series of new energy technologies such as solar energy, wind energy, and biomass energy have developed rapidly, so far, fossil energy represented by coal, oil, and natural gas is still the most important energy in my country and the world today. non-renewable energy.

In order to improve the utilization rate of energy, integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation, biomass gasification, chemical regenerative cracking and other measures have been applied.

In the currently widely used gas turbines fueled by natural gas, the combustion is basically organized by the swirl generated by the swirler. This is because the swirling flame has a high-temperature recirculation zone that can stabilize combustion, and the strong shear and entrainment can realize rapid turbulent mixing between fuel-air-combustion products, and achieve the purpose of intensifying the combustion process. It is also a realistic option to organize the combustion through the swirling flow of air and fuel in syngas-fueled gas turbines. This only allows the fuel to burn stably, but does not necessarily meet the requirements for low emissions.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an asymmetric preheating combustion chamber which adopts asymmetrical tangential swirl and preheating technology to reduce the maximum flame temperature of the combustion chamber, reduce NOx emissions, increase fuel inlet temperature, and improve fuel utilization .

The purpose of the present invention is achieved like this:

An asymmetric preheating combustion chamber of the present invention is characterized in that it includes the outer wall of the combustion chamber, the bottom of the combustion chamber, a preheating pipe, and a fuel inlet wall, the preheating pipe is installed in the outer wall of the combustion chamber, the preheating pipe and the fuel inlet wall and Part of the outer wall of the combustion chamber constitutes a combustion zone, and the fuel inlet wall, the rest of the outer wall of the combustion chamber and the bottom of the combustion chamber form a fuel mixing chamber.

The present invention may also include:

1. The outer wall of the combustion chamber includes two semi-circular cross-sections, and the centers of the cross-sections of the two semi-cylindrical bodies are on a straight line without overlapping.

2. There are two air inlets, which are respectively located on the longitudinal sections of the two semi-cylindrical bodies.

The advantage of the present invention is that: the present invention adopts an asymmetric combustion chamber structure, air enters the combustion zone through a tangential inlet, and the flame is stabilized by tangential swirling flow, and the high temperature zone of the flame is located around the central axis. The preheating pipeline is arranged at the central axis of the combustion chamber to increase the initial temperature of the fuel and improve the combustion efficiency. Through the two technologies of asymmetry and preheating, the purpose of reducing emissions and improving combustion efficiency can be achieved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is A-A sectional view of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing example:

1-2, the present invention mainly includes a preheating pipe 1, a combustion zone 2, a fuel inlet 3, a fuel mixing chamber 4, an air inlet 5, a combustion chamber wall 6, a fuel inlet wall 7, and a combustion chamber bottom 8.

The fuel enters from the preheating tube 1. The fuel can be a single gas, evaporated liquid fuel, and synthetic gas (such as chemical regenerative cracking gas, etc.), and the fuel exchanges heat with the gas in the preheating tube through the tube wall , increase its own temperature, reduce the temperature of the flame at the same time, reduce the formation of NOx, and then enter the fuel mixing chamber 4, where the fuel is fully mixed to eliminate the phenomenon of uneven heating, and conduct heat exchange through the upper wall of the fuel mixing chamber , the temperature of the fuel is increased again, at this time, the high-temperature fuel is ejected from the fuel inlet 3, and after contacting with the air coming in from the air inlet 5, after being ignited by the igniter, it burns in the combustion zone 2, at this time, after preheating The high fuel temperature has the advantage of being easy to ignite. The combustion chamber is characterized by the use of preheating and asymmetric technology, which has the advantages of high combustion efficiency and low emissions.

In the asymmetric combustion chamber, the tangential entry of air is adopted to generate tangential swirl flow in the combustion chamber, thereby stabilizing combustion; and the fuel is preheated to increase the inlet temperature of the fuel, making the fuel easy to burn and improving fuel utilization. rate effect.

The present invention adopts the above technical proposals to stabilize the flame through the tangential swirl without the swirler, and increase the inlet temperature of the fuel by means of preheating, thereby improving the combustion efficiency.

Claims (3)

1. An asymmetric preheating combustion chamber is characterized in that: it includes the outer wall of the combustion chamber, the bottom of the combustion chamber, the preheating pipe, the fuel inlet wall, the preheating pipe is installed in the outer wall of the combustion chamber, the preheating pipe and the fuel inlet wall and Part of the outer wall of the combustion chamber constitutes a combustion zone, and the fuel inlet wall, the rest of the outer wall of the combustion chamber and the bottom of the combustion chamber form a fuel mixing chamber. 2. A kind of asymmetrical preheating combustion chamber according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the outer wall of the combustion chamber includes two semicircular cross-sections, the center of the cross-section of the two semi-cylindrical bodies in a straight line and not coincident. 3. An asymmetric preheating combustion chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that: there are two air inlets, which are respectively located on the longitudinal sections of the two semi-cylindrical bodies.

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