CN102677092B - Preparation method of titanium anode - Google Patents

Preparation method of titanium anode Download PDF

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CN102677092B
CN102677092B CN201210172519.9A CN201210172519A CN102677092B CN 102677092 B CN102677092 B CN 102677092B CN 201210172519 A CN201210172519 A CN 201210172519A CN 102677092 B CN102677092 B CN 102677092B
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anode
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CN102677092A (en
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胡吉明
张鉴清
曹楚南
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a titanium anode, wherein the preparation method is capable of improving electrochemical property of the anode. The preparation method comprises the following steps: at first, depositing a layer of inert porous oxide nano film on a metal Ti substrate, and then coating an active oxide (such as iridium dioxide and ruthenium dioxide) on the surface of the film through a hot decomposition method. The inert porous oxide nano film is obtained by depositing precursor aqueous solution such as SiO2, TiO2 or ZrO2 on the surface of a metal through an electro-deposition method. According to an inert porous oxide nano middle layer provided by the invention, the number of electrochemical active points on a subsequent active oxide coating is remarkably improved, and the electro-catalytic property of the titanium anode is improved. The middle layer of the titanium anode provided by the invention has the advantages of many types, low cost of the preparation method and simple process.

Description

A kind of preparation method of Ni―Ti anode
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of anode material, particularly relate to a kind of preparation method of Ni―Ti anode.
Background technology
Electrochemical industry anode material is the parts of most critical, this is because: anode material is the place of anodic reaction, requires there is high electrochemical activity to the anodic reaction of institute's catalysis, namely will have low anode potential from saves energy.Anodic reaction is that oxygen occurs or the electrochemical industry of analysing chlorine reaction is in the great majority, and the former is as the smelting of common water electrolysis, non-ferrous metal and surface of steel plate protective plating (zinc-plated, zinc-plated etc.) etc., and latter is common chlorine industry.At present for above-mentioned electrochemical industry, mainly use the noble metallic oxide anode (also known as insoluble anode or dimensional stability anode, DSA) in the coating of Ti metal base surface.Analyse oxygen and analyse the metal oxide containing precious metals active component that chlorine electrochemical industry generally uses and be respectively iridium dioxide (IrO 2) and ruthenium dioxide (RuO 2).
The energy problem that modern society occurs, require that electrolytic industry significantly reduces energy consumption, the improvement of antianode material is the key point realizing above-mentioned requirements, namely requires that the Ti anode of current industrial application has higher electrochemical activity.For this reason, research and development have been carried out around the following aspects both at home and abroad: the improvement of (1) active oxidation nitride layer: basic ideas are other constituent elements that adulterate in active coating.The most successful example of this respect develops IrO 2+ Ta 2o 5composite oxide coating is the bulk composition of analysing oxygen DSA commercial at present.(2) improvement in preparation method: the work that this respect does comprises the solution chemistry (as adopted sol-gel technique etc.) improving the heat decomposition temperature of oxide compound and heat treating regime, improvement presoma.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of simple, low cost, there is the preparation method of the Ni―Ti anode of high electrochemical activity.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The preparation method of Ni―Ti anode comprises the steps:
1) Titanium base is after mechanical sandblasting roughened, put into oil removing 10min at alkaline degreasing liquid 30 ~ 50 DEG C, in the oxalic acid aqueous solution of boiling, pickling 5 ~ 30min removes descaling again, finally use tap water successively, after washed with de-ionized water, quick hot blast drying, places 5 ~ 24h in loft drier, stand-by;
2) precursor solution preparation: add 50 ~ 100mL dehydrated alcohol, 50 ~ 100mL water, 1 ~ 10mL precursor, HCl adjusts pH to 2.0 ~ 6.0, and stirred at ambient temperature 2 ~ 48h is stand-by;
3) in three slot electrodes, add the precursor solution prepared, using Titanium base as working electrode, Ag/AgCl is as reference electrode, platinum is to electrode, controlling potential is at-0.5 ~-3.0V, depositing time is 30s ~ 2000s, with 40 ~ 150 DEG C of oven dry after deionized water rinsing, obtains inertia nano-oxide film;
4) at above-mentioned galvanic deposit inertia nano-oxide film surface-coated active oxide coatings, by pyrolysis technique, toast at 350-550 DEG C, decompose, and repeatedly, obtain Ni―Ti anode.
Described inertia nano-oxide film is SiO 2, TiO 2or ZrO 2film.
The precursor of described indifferent oxide is: alkyl silicate, alkyl titanate or zirconic acid alkyl ester.
Described active oxidation nitride layer is iridium dioxide, ruthenium dioxide or its composite oxides.
The precursor of described active oxidation nitride layer is chloracid or the villaumite of iridium or ruthenium.
Described Novel Titanium anode is used for analysing oxygen or analysing chlorine reaction in electrochemical industry.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: silica membrane has nano-porous structure, after this film pre-treatment, significantly improve vesicular structure and the electrochemical activity of the active oxide coatings of subsequent coated; In addition, electro-deposition techniques is adopted can to prepare roughness and the larger silicon dioxide film of porousness, more obvious to the facilitation effect of Ni―Ti anode performance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 (a) is the IrO of directly coating on titanium plate 2the surface topography of active coating, display coating is very fine and close;
Fig. 1 (b) is for first to deposit one deck Nano-meter SiO_2 by electro-deposition techniques on titanium plate surface 2after film, then apply IrO 2the surface topography of active coating, display coating is coarse, porous.
Fig. 2 is that Ni―Ti anode is at 0.5 M H 2sO 4what record in the aqueous solution analyses oxygen polarization curve.(1) be the IrO of directly coating on titanium plate 2anode (Ti/IrO 2); (2) be at the first galvanic deposit one deck SiO in titanium plate surface 2after film, then apply the IrO obtained 2anode (Ti/SiO 2/ IrO 2).Display combined electrode has higher analyses oxygen electrochemical activity.
Embodiment
The preparation method of Ni―Ti anode comprises the steps:
1) Titanium base is after mechanical sandblasting roughened, put into oil removing 10min at alkaline degreasing liquid 30 ~ 50 DEG C, in the oxalic acid aqueous solution of boiling, pickling 5 ~ 30min removes descaling again, finally use tap water successively, after washed with de-ionized water, quick hot blast drying, places 5 ~ 24h in loft drier, stand-by;
2) precursor solution preparation: add 50 ~ 100mL dehydrated alcohol, 50 ~ 100mL water, 1 ~ 10mL precursor, HCl adjusts pH to 2.0 ~ 6.0, and stirred at ambient temperature 2 ~ 48h is stand-by;
3) in three slot electrodes, add the precursor solution prepared, using Titanium base as working electrode, Ag/AgCl is as reference electrode, platinum is to electrode, controlling potential is at-0.5 ~-3.0V, depositing time is 30s ~ 2000s, with 40 ~ 150 DEG C of oven dry after deionized water rinsing, obtains inertia nano-oxide film;
4) at above-mentioned galvanic deposit inertia nano-oxide film surface-coated active oxide coatings, by pyrolysis technique, toast at 350-550 DEG C, decompose, and repeatedly, obtain Ni―Ti anode.
Described inertia nano-oxide film is SiO 2, TiO 2, ZrO 2, PbO 2, SnO 2, Co 2o 3, CuO or ZnO film.The precursor of described indifferent oxide is: alkyl silicate, alkyl titanate or zirconic acid alkyl ester.Described active oxidation nitride layer is iridium dioxide, ruthenium dioxide or its composite oxides.The precursor of described active oxidation nitride layer is chloracid or the villaumite of iridium or ruthenium.
Described Ni―Ti anode is used for analysing oxygen or analysing chlorine reaction in electrochemical industry.
Because electro-deposition techniques to have the requirement of degree of cleaning to specimen surface, therefore, first require to carry out oil removing pre-treatment to titanium alloy (TA1) matrix surface.
Titanium alloy substrate, after mechanical sandblasting roughened, puts into oil removing 10min at alkaline degreasing liquid 30 DEG C, then in the oxalic acid aqueous solution of boiling pickling 30 min except descaling, finally use tap water successively, after washed with de-ionized water, use hot blast drying fast, in loft drier, place 24h stand-by.
Embodiment 1
In beaker, add 50 mL dehydrated alcohols, 50 mL water, 1 mL tetraethoxy (TEOS) successively, HCl adjusts about pH to 3.0, and h is stand-by for stirred at ambient temperature 2.In three slot electrodes, add the precursor solution prepared, using TA1 as working electrode, Ag/AgCl is as reference electrode, platinum is to electrode, and controlling potential, at-0.5 V, deposits after terminating, with 40 DEG C of oven dry after deionized water rinsing, obtain the Nano-meter SiO_2 of different thickness by changing depositing time 2film.The SiO in galvanic deposit 2the TA1 external coating of nano-oxide film is containing 0.2M H 2irCl 6ethanol/Virahol (volume ratio 1:1) solution, at 450 DEG C, toast 10 min, repeatedly, toast 1 h at the same temperature for the last time, obtain active titanium anode.Coat number of times by adjustment, control final active IrO 2the adhesion amount of oxide skin is ~ 10 g/m 2.
Conventional Ti/IrO 2anode surface densification, smooth (see accompanying drawing 1a); And through galvanic deposit SiO 2the IrO applied after pre-treatment 2coated anode (Ti/SiO 2/ IrO 2) but show pattern (see accompanying drawing 1b) that is coarse, porous.
The oxygen evolution activity of Ni―Ti anode adopts polarization curve to test, and used test solution is 0.5 M H 2sO 4the aqueous solution.Result shows, and the existence of galvanic deposit silicon dioxide intermediate layer significantly improves the electro catalytic activity of Ni―Ti anode (see accompanying drawing 2).For more intuitively illustrating, in table 1, list the SiO prepared with different electrodeposition time 2layer for pretreatment layer Ni―Ti anode analyse oxygen electric current.
The SiO that table 1 is prepared with different electrodeposition time 2layer for pretreatment layer Ni―Ti anode analyse oxygen electric current (getting the current value under 1.4 V)
Electrodeposition time (s) Analyse oxygen electric current (mA/cm 2
0 7.4
300 10.1
600 12.3
1000 13.9
1500 16.3
2000 14.2
Embodiment 2
In beaker, add 100 mL dehydrated alcohols, 100 mL water, 10 mL tetraethoxys (TEOS) successively, HCl adjusts about pH to 3.0, and h is stand-by for stirred at ambient temperature 48.In three slot electrodes, add the precursor solution prepared, using TA1 as working electrode, Ag/AgCl is as reference electrode, platinum is to electrode, and controlling potential, at-3.0 V, deposits after terminating, with 40 DEG C of oven dry after deionized water rinsing, obtain the Nano-meter SiO_2 of different thickness by changing depositing time 2film.The SiO in galvanic deposit 2the TA1 external coating of nano-oxide film is containing 0.2M H 2irCl 6ethanol/Virahol (volume ratio 1:1) solution, at 450 DEG C, toast 10 min, repeatedly, toast 1 h at the same temperature for the last time, obtain active titanium anode.Coat number of times by adjustment, control final active IrO 2the adhesion amount of oxide skin is ~ 10 g/m 2.
With embodiment 1, at 0.5 M H 2sO 4polarization curve is adopted to test its electro catalytic activity in the aqueous solution.For more intuitively illustrating, in table 2, list the SiO prepared with different electrodeposition time 2layer for pretreatment layer Ni―Ti anode analyse oxygen electric current.
The SiO that table 2 is prepared with different electrodeposition time 2layer for pretreatment layer Ni―Ti anode analyse oxygen electric current (getting the current value under 1.4 V)
Electrodeposition time (s) Analyse oxygen electric current (mA/cm 2
0 7.4
100 11.2
300 13.8
500 14.9
1000 16.8
1500 13.6
Embodiment 3
In beaker, add 50 mL dehydrated alcohols, 50 mL water, 3 mL tetraethoxys (TEOS) successively, HCl adjusts about pH to 3.0, and h is stand-by for stirred at ambient temperature 24.In three slot electrodes, add the precursor solution prepared, using TA1 as working electrode, Ag/AgCl is as reference electrode, platinum is to electrode, and controlling potential, at-2.0 V, deposits after terminating, with 40 DEG C of oven dry after deionized water rinsing, obtain the Nano-meter SiO_2 of different thickness by changing depositing time 2film.The SiO in galvanic deposit 2the TA1 external coating of nano-oxide film is containing 0.2 M H 2irCl 6ethanol/Virahol (volume ratio 1:1) solution, at 450 DEG C, toast 10 min, repeatedly, toast 1 h at the same temperature for the last time, obtain active titanium anode.Coat number of times by adjustment, control final active IrO 2the adhesion amount of oxide skin is ~ 10 g/m 2.
With embodiment 1, at 0.5 M H 2sO 4polarization curve is adopted to test its electro catalytic activity in the aqueous solution.For more intuitively illustrating, in table 3, list the SiO prepared with different electrodeposition time 2layer for pretreatment layer Ni―Ti anode analyse oxygen electric current.
The SiO that table 3 is prepared with different electrodeposition time 2layer for pretreatment layer Ni―Ti anode analyse oxygen electric current (getting the current value under 1.4 V)
Electrodeposition time (s) Analyse oxygen electric current (mA/cm 2
0 7.4
100 9.2
300 12.3
500 13.5
1000 15.7
1500 16.4
Embodiment 4
In beaker, add 50 mL dehydrated alcohols, 50 mL water, 1 mL tetraethoxy (TEOS) successively, HCl adjusts about pH to 3.0, and h is stand-by for stirred at ambient temperature 2.In three slot electrodes, add the precursor solution prepared, using TA1 as working electrode, Ag/AgCl is as reference electrode, platinum is to electrode, and controlling potential, at-2.0 V, deposits after terminating, with 40 DEG C of oven dry after deionized water rinsing, obtain the Nano-meter SiO_2 of different thickness by changing depositing time 2film.Change follow-up active oxidation nitride layer, by IrO 2change RuO into 2, used coats solution for containing 0.2M RuCl 3ethanol/water (volume ratio 1:1) solution.Heat decomposition temperature is to coat process similar to embodiment 1.
Table 4 lists the SiO prepared with different electrodeposition time 2layer is the Ti/RuO of pretreatment layer 2anode is respectively at 0.5M H 2sO 4and the anodic current in 1.0M NaCl solution.
The SiO that table 4 is prepared with different electrodeposition time 2layer for pretreatment layer Ni―Ti anode analyse oxygen electric current (getting the current value under 1.4V)
Embodiment 5
Concrete implementation step is similar to Example 1, by inertia nano oxide layer by SiO 2change ZrO into 2.Corresponding ZrO 2the process for preparation of precursor be: 50mL dehydrated alcohol and deionized water and hydrochloric acid mixed solution are slowly added 50mL tetrabutyl zirconate (C while stirring 16h 36o 4zr) with the mixed solution of dehydrated alcohol, in total solution, each mol ratio is tetrabutyl zirconate: dehydrated alcohol: H 2o:HCl=1:1:15:0.3, regulates pH=3.0, stirs 30min, ultrasonic 15min.In three slot electrodes, add the precursor solution prepared, using TA1 as working electrode, Ag/AgCl is as reference electrode, platinum is to electrode, and controlling potential, at-2.0V, deposits after terminating, with 40 DEG C of oven dry after deionized water rinsing, obtain the nanometer ZrO of different thickness by changing depositing time 2film.。Subsequent thermal decomposes coating IrO 2the process of active coating is identical with embodiment 1.The ZrO prepared with different electrodeposition time is listed in table 5 2layer is that the Ni―Ti anode of pretreatment layer is at 0.5M H 2sO 4in analyse oxygen electric current.
The ZrO that table 5 is prepared with different electrodeposition time 2layer for pretreatment layer Ni―Ti anode analyse oxygen electric current (getting the current value under 1.4V)
Electrodeposition time (s) Analyse oxygen electric current (mA/cm 2
0 7.4
100 11.2
300 12.9
500 14.5
1000 17.2
1500 16.7
Above-described embodiment is used for explaining and the present invention is described, instead of limits the invention, and in the protection domain of spirit of the present invention and claim, any amendment make the present invention and change, all fall into protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a preparation method for Ni―Ti anode, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) Titanium base is after mechanical sandblasting roughened, put into oil removing 10min at alkaline degreasing liquid 30 ~ 50 DEG C, in the oxalic acid aqueous solution of boiling, pickling 5 ~ 30min removes descaling again, finally use tap water successively, after washed with de-ionized water, quick hot blast drying, places 5 ~ 24h in loft drier, stand-by;
2) precursor solution preparation: add 50 ~ 100mL dehydrated alcohol, 50 ~ 100mL water, 1 ~ 10mL precursor, HCl adjusts pH to 2.0 ~ 6.0, and stirred at ambient temperature 2 ~ 48h is stand-by;
3) in three slot electrodes, add the precursor solution prepared, using Titanium base as working electrode, Ag/AgCl is as reference electrode, platinum is to electrode, controlling potential is at-0.5 ~-3.0V, depositing time is 30s ~ 2000s, with 40 ~ 150 DEG C of oven dry after deionized water rinsing, obtains inertia nano-oxide film;
4) at above-mentioned galvanic deposit inertia nano-oxide film surface-coated active oxide coatings, by pyrolysis technique, toast at 350 ~ 550 DEG C, decompose, and repeatedly, obtain Ni―Ti anode;
Wherein, described inertia nano-oxide film is SiO 2film, described precursor is alkyl silicate.
2. the preparation method of a kind of Ni―Ti anode according to claim 1, is characterized in that described active oxidation nitride layer is iridium dioxide, ruthenium dioxide or its composite oxides.
3. the preparation method of a kind of Ni―Ti anode according to claim 1, is characterized in that the precursor of described active oxidation nitride layer is chloracid or the villaumite of iridium or ruthenium.
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